Natural Style Research Articles

A Non-Linear Style

This article revolves around the question why people in “Western” cultures grow dreadlocks based on observations on social media and participant observation. It addresses the issue of cultural appropriation and moves on looking at certain motivations. It is striking that many aspects are two-sided if not contradictory, e.g., the strong connection to naturality, though for the most part dreadlocks are not a natural style, being sectioned, crocheted, dyed, extended, etc. They seem to stand for harmony and stability and yet signify rebellion. They visualise people’s inner self - yet should not be taken too seriously. By these contradictions, dreadlocks seem to give a postmodern statement.

A Study of Classical Theories of Drama with Special Reference to Indian and Greek Traditions

International literary acclaim for national literature has been achieved through comparativecriticism, which has emerged as a form of generative literature that allows for nationalliterature to maintain its uniqueness while also gaining international acclaim. Onlytranslations would be available to a Comparative Literature researcher, which would be asignificant limitation. An original translation is impossible when the source and translatedlanguages have different constraints and influences, making it impossible to claim originalityin a translation. Because the translation was done according to translatology, the chosenscript is guaranteed to include all of the original text's important ideas. Furthermore, thecanonical works of literature from around the world have only been transmitted to the currentgeneration of readers through translations. Thus, relying on the translations is a sensiblechoice. In this article, Aristotle's The Poetics (Greek) is compared as are plays by famousdramatists, to highlight how their distinctive style of spreading humanistic values andreformative nature is discussed. It is used in this study to examine the classical ideas oftheatrical performance using a comparative theory approach

Embracing Different Decision-making Styles

Embracing Different Decision-making Styles

Proof–Based Synthesis of Sorting Algorithms Using Multisets in Theorema

Using multisets, we develop novel techniques for mechanizing the proofs of the synthesis conjectures for list-sorting algorithms, and we demonstrate them in the Theorema system. We use the classical principle of extracting the algorithm as a set of rewrite rules based on the witnesses found in the proof of the synthesis conjecture produced from the specification of the desired function (input and output conditions). The proofs are in natural style, using standard rules, but most importantly domain specific inference rules and strategies. In particular the use of multisets allows us to develop powerful strategies for the synthesis of arbitrarily structured recursive algorithms by general Noetherian induction, as well as for the automatic generation of the specifications of all necessary auxiliary functions (insert, merge, split), whose synthesis is performed using the same method.

PERANCANGAN INTERIOR HOTEL RESORT PANTAI KLAYAR DI PACITAN

ABSTRACTPacitan has a chance is prospective to be developed into tourism industry and tourism to compete with other regions and even abroad. Tourism potential include shore excursions, cave tours, cultural tourism, religious tourism, recreational tourism and travel industry. Pacitan known natural attractions beautiful beaches and charming, one of which is Turkish Klayar, beach has natural charms of the exotic with great views and beautiful natural scenery. Turkish Klayar potential and started to be developed into a tourism destination in Pacitan, because it can make the higher tourist visits, visits of tourist every year the statistics are significant surge. And so we need adequate accommodation such as Hotel Resort considering the number of tourists who come to vacation, this time Klayar Beach travel area there are only a kind of homestay accommodation is still minimal infrastructure facilities. Interior Design Resort Beach Hotel Klayar carries natural style ethnic with ethnic concept for the future should be able to show the identity of Pacitan condensed Javanese cultural traditions that are owned. Featuring designs that are ethnically not display the old-fashioned design, but the design is constantly evolving and is able to keep abreast of the times. Keyword: Interior, Klayar, Pacitan, Design, Resort

Demystifying Phraseology: Implications for Translating Quranic Phraseological Units

This paper examines phraseology as a lexical feature from a Quranic perspective. It explores the importance of demystifying the phraseological theoretical base in order to facilitate the task of translators and second language learners and deal more efficiently with the challenging language aspects of phraseology. Despite prolific publications and the growing interest that research on phraseology generates, too many grey areas still prevail, and many questions remain unanswered. There is a degree of inconsistency and stalemate in the phraseology debate, often yielding fragmented literature and inconclusive evidence. Research on phraseology remains stuck at the level of description and prescription. Similarly, research on translation studies seldom moves beyond comparative analysis of language pairs, examining cross linguistic and cultural differences. The literature does not have a strong theoretical base and is largely anecdotal, lacking empirical data from which to draw clear-cut conclusions on the key issues of translating phraseology. This paper focuses on five selected English translations of the Quran to assess the degree of faithfulness and accuracy in rendering the Quranic phraseology into English. Findings suggested that the five selected translators of the Quran fell short of checking exegesis of the Quranic text. The findings revealed that translations of the Quranic phraseological units gave an echo at best. Results showed the literal translation method was frequently used for translating phraseology; however, this often led to inaccurate and stilted English. The findings suggest that the translation of the Quran in English is still a work in progress, and it needs to be periodically evaluated and updated to address the flaws identified by researchers from different perspectives. Findings are polarised between those who advocate as close a rendering of the Quranic text as possible and those who believe in a ‘natural style’ in the target text. This study is pertinent because it has several practical implications. Firstly, it will benefit translators of the Quran by providing fresh insights on how to deal with some of the challenges of translating Quranic phraseology. Secondly, it will provide a platform for further research on translating Quranic phraseological units and addressing the current shortcomings. This study has also expanded the extant literature on translating Quranic collocations to benefit future researchers.

Exploration of Cityscape Planning Strategy for Implementation —Taking Mianyang as an Example

Cityscape is the image of a city, and cityscape planning is the main means of creating urban style. This paper summarizes the problems of the natural environment, historical characteristics and style of Mianyang City, and analyzes the problems encountered in the specific implementation of the cityscape planning. It is proposed that the planning of the cityscape should be based on public participation, and enhances the control and guidance of the cityscape planning. Targeting and improving the expression of historical culture in the city, in order to reduce the difficulty of urban planning, and thus achieve the purpose of improving the city’s appearance and improving the city’s personality.

Personality of Belgian physicians in a clinical leadership program

BackgroundPhysician and non-physician leadership development programs aim to improve organizational performance. Although a significant, positive relation between physicians’ leadership skills and patient outcomes, staff satisfaction and staff retention has been found, physicians are not formally trained in clinical leadership skills during their physician training. A lot of current healthcare leaders were chosen to take on leadership because of their productivity, published research, solid clinical skills, or because they were great educators, Heifetz RA. Leadership Without Easy Answers; 1994 although they often do not have the skills to build a team, resulting in dysfunctional teams and having to deal with conflicts and chaos. The first steps of a Clinical Leadership Program is to gain insight in one’s personality, one’s personal skills and one’s leadership growth potential, because this gives information on one’s natural leadership style. The aim of our research is to gain insight in the personality traits of healthcare professionals who are leading teams and to check (a) whether Belgian physicians with leadership ambition, share certain preferences, (b) whether physicians differ from other healthcare staff in terms of personality, (c) whether our sample of Belgian physicians differs from a population of physicians in the United States of America.MethodsIn-hospital physicians and non-physicians enrolled in a Clinical Leadership Program consented to participate. They explored their personal preferences across four dimensions, based on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Their most suitable MBTI profile was determined with a self-assessment and a complementary guidance of an MBTI-coach. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression were performed to check distributions across different MBTI-dimensions and to assess the relation with profession and location.ResultsAmong participating physicians significantly more preferences for ‘Thinking’ then for ‘Feeling’ were found. Non-physicians were found to be significantly more ‘Sensing’ and ‘Judging’ compared with physicians. No significant differences were found between physicians from our (Belgian) and the USA dataset.ConclusionPreferences of physicians proved to be different from those of non-physicians. ‘ISTJ’ is the most frequent personality profile both in Belgian and USA physicians.

The Use of Idiomatic Language as a Strategy for Receptor-Oriented Translation: A Study on Tomris Uyar’s Rendering of Flannery O’Connor’s Grotesque Stories: “The Lame Shall Enter First” and “The Comforts of Home”

This study is concerned with an analysis of Tomris Uyar’s rendering of two grotesque stories by the American fiction writer Flannery O’Connor, “The Lame Shall Enter First” and “The Comforts of Home”, translated into Turkish as “Önce Sakatlar Girecek” and “Yuvanın Nimetleri” respectively. The article mainly focuses on the translator’s use of idiomatic language in the rendering of these grotesque stories as a strategy for conveying the semantic content of the stories to the receptor audience as well as for evoking in them the feelings and responses similar to those created in the source-text reader. In her translations, Tomris Uyar adopts a receptor-oriented strategy closely associated with Eugene A. Nida’s concept of Dynamic Equivalence. Out of a desire to achieve an easy, natural, and fluent style in translation, the translator relies heavily on the use of idioms in receptor language, thus creating in the reader the feeling that these stories were originally written in Turkish.

The natural style

The medieval Franciscan friar Roger Bacon realized that paintings in churches did not illustrate the stories in the Bible in a natural and realistic way. According to Bacon such paintings should be illustrative in a natural style and tell us about the holy texts in a clear way. An important step towards illustrative images emerged in the late frescoes in the Papal Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi (1297–1300). Roger Bacon's natural style was widely spread. The medieval painter Giotto worked with an extensive series of murals in the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. Giotto and his team of about 40 collaborators covered the entire surface of the walls and the ceiling of the building with fresco paintings (1303–1305). For the first time since ancient times, painted figures appeared as living, natural people. These frescos are often regarded as a turning point in Western art history. We can see Giotto as an early information designer, more than 700 years ago.

Animation Effect on the Spread of Western China Ethnic Minority Culture

China is a country with 56 nationalities which has rich national culture resources. In China, the western has more than 40 ehnic minorities. As a unique way of cultural transmission, animation can well combine the characteristics of western minority culture and play its role of communication. Animation can demostrate the western minority natural style, fairy tales, spiritual value and unique art. In addition, we can combine the summary interpretation of western minority culture with new techniques, making the western region national culture has a new development by animation.

Investigations on Driver Unique Identification from Smartphone’s GPS Data Alone

Driver identification is an emerging area of interest in vehicle telematics, automobile control, and insurance. Recent body of works indicates that it may be possible to uniquely identify a driver using multiple dedicated sensors. In this paper, we present an approach for driver identification using smartphone GPS data alone. For our experiments, we collected data from 38 drivers for two months. We quantified the driver’s natural style by extracting a set of 137 statistical features from data generated for each completed trip. The analysis shows that, for the “driver identification” problem, an average accuracy of 82.3% is achieved for driver groups of 4-5 drivers. This is comparable to the state of the arts where mostly a multisensor approach has been taken. Further, it is shown that certain behavioral attributes like high driving skill impact identification accuracy. We observe that Random Forest classifier offers the best results. These results have great implications for various stakeholders since the proposed method can identify a driver based on his/her naturalistic driving style which is quantified in terms of statistical parameters extracted from only GPS data.

Improved Approximation Algorithms for (Budgeted) Node-weighted Steiner Problems

Moss and Rabani study constrained node-weighted Steiner tree problems with two independent weight values associated with each node, namely, cost and prize (or penalty). They give an $O(\log n)$-approximation algorithm for the node-weighted prize-collecting Steiner tree problem (PCST)---where the goal is to minimize the cost of a tree plus the penalty of vertices not covered by the tree. They use the algorithm for PCST to obtain a bicriteria $(2, O(\log n))$-approximation algorithm for the budgeted node-weighted Steiner tree problem---where the goal is to maximize the prize of a tree with a given budget for its cost. Their solution may cost up to twice the budget, but collects a factor $\Omega(\frac{1}{\log n})$ of the optimal prize. We improve these results from at least two aspects. Our first main result is a primal-dual $O(\log h)$-approximation algorithm for a more general problem, node-weighted prize-collecting Steiner forest (PCSF), where we have $h$ demands each requesting the connectivity of a pair of vertices. Our algorithm can be seen as a greedy algorithm which reduces the number of demands by choosing a structure with minimum cost-to-reduction ratio. This natural style of argument leads to a much simpler algorithm than that of Moss and Rabani for PCST. Our second main contribution is for the budgeted node-weighted Steiner tree problem, which is also an improvement to the work of Moss and Rabani. In the unrooted case, we improve upon an existing $O(\log^2 n)$-approximation by Guha et al., and present an $O(\log n)$-approximation algorithm without any budget violation. For the rooted case, where a specified vertex has to appear in the solution tree, we improve the bicriteria result of Moss and Rabani to the bicriteria approximation ratio of $(1+\epsilon, O(\log n)/\epsilon^2)$ for any positive (possibly subconstant) $\epsilon$. That is, for any permissible budget violation $1+\epsilon$, we present an algorithm achieving a trade off in the guarantee for the prize. Indeed, we show that this is almost tight for the natural linear-programming relaxation used by us as well as in the previous works.

Разработка и апробация «Российской базы Нейтральных и Улыбающихся женских лиц (“RuNeS Faces”)»

The article presents a database of women’s faces for research in the field of social perception. Each of 55 models was photographed full-face under four conditions: with a neutral or smiling face with hair up or down. The database includes the results of facial morphometry (relative positions of homologous points), expert ratings of appearance style, scores of perceived intelligence and attractiveness. The peculiarity of the database is that, unlike the others, we preserved the natural style featured on the models: clothes, jewelry, and makeup. The database was approbated in the study of physiognomic and appearance style predictors of perceived intelligence and attractiveness. It expands the variety of stimulus images available for researchers and can be used in different studies of social perception.

On the Natural Fashion in Modern Interior Design

In recent years, with the development of China's economy, people's material life level is increasing, the basic necessities of consumption level is rising. Among them, the demand for housing and the quality of the living environment has been greatly enhanced, and the rapid development of the interior environment art design industry has been promoted. Indoor environment art design is a comprehensive discipline combining multi field knowledge, interior decoration elements to express the theme of the natural selection effect on the whole room decoration, meet the modern physiological and heart of the indoor space environment, construction of human nature and construction harmonious physical and spiritual needs. Therefore to explore the natural style material texture, in a variety of interior design in the application of color and line patterns and other design elements, design is beautiful and practical indoor environmental protection and energy saving and environmental art design. It is the embodiment of people-oriented design concept, and is the development direction of modern people yearning for nature and returning to simplicity.

Young children's and adults' perceptions of natural play spaces: A case study of Chengdu, southwestern China

Urbanization has resulted in children in many cities being separated from contact with nature, despite the many benefits that this can provide for play and learning. Influenced by research and practice from the ‘west’ there is increasing evidence that in recent years these benefits for young children are being acknowledged and expressed in policy and practice in China. Chengdu, a rapidly expanding city in the south-west of China, has playgrounds in public spaces dominated by the Kit, Fence, Carpet approach but also has some kindergartens with a more natural approach, which supports a higher play and educational value. Nothing is known of parents' perceptions of different approaches to the provision of playgrounds and this paper seeks to begin to fill this gap. It reports on research with parents and young children at two kindergartens in Chengdu that sought to understand parents' perceptions of different playground styles, aesthetics and play risk associated with the different styles and children's perceptions of different playground styles. The results of an on-line questionnaire revealed that over 87% of the parents understood and recognized the benefits of natural elements within a playground. Vegetation and water were the most popular elements followed by sand and stone, landform and then insects and small animals. Physical and creative developments were the two most recognized development functions of natural elements acknowledged by the parents. Images of different playground styles were used with both adults and children and revealed that both groups tended to select a natural style with parents more inclined to select a higher degree of nature than children. Parents also considered that more natural playgrounds to be of low risk and attractive to look at. Two policy changes in China make this work of great significance: the change from one to two-child policy and the introduction of a natural education approach. The resultant increased numbers of children in future will benefit if the positive findings of this research inform policy and practice.

Beneficial effects of a gait used while wearing a kimono to decrease the knee adduction moment in healthy adults.

The knee adduction moment (KAM) relates to medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). Several gait modifications to reduce the KAM for the prevention of knee OA have been studied. Most of the modifications, however, involve voluntary changes in leg alignment. Here we investigated the biomechanical effects for reducing the KAM of a walking style with a small trunk rotation and arm swing gait, which is a natural walking style used while wearing a kimono (Nanba walk) that shifts the ground reaction force toward the stance leg (reduced lever arm). Twenty-nine healthy adults (21.5 ± 0.6 years) participated in the present study. A three-dimensional analysis system with 10 cameras and 1 force plate was used to obtain the KAM and other biomechanical data. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the hip and trunk muscles (internal obliquus abdominal muscle: IO, external obliquus abdominal muscle: EO, multifidus muscle: MF, and gluteus medius muscle: Gmed) was also assessed, and integrated EMG (iEMG) of the four muscles was assessed in the first and second halves of the stance phase. The 1st and 2nd peak KAMs were significantly decreased during Nanba walking (0.40±0.09 and 0.37±0.13 Nm/kg) compared with normal walking (0.45±0.09 and 0.45±0.13 Nm/kg; P = 0.002, P<0.001, respectively). The lever arm lengths at the 1st and 2nd peak KAMs were also significantly decreased during Nanba walking compared with normal walking (p = 0.023 and p<0.001, respectively). The iEMGs of IO, EO and Gmed muscles during the first half, and the iEMGs of EO and GM during the second half of the stance phase were significantly increased during Nanba walking compared with normal walking. The Nanba gait modification could be a useful strategy for reducing the KAM with high activation of the trunk and hip joint muscles for the prevention and/or treatment of medial knee OA.

Nostoc thermotolerans sp. nov., a soil-dwelling species of Nostoc (Cyanobacteria).

A filamentous, soil-dwelling cyanobacterial strain (9C-PST) was isolated from Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh, India, and is described as a new species of the genus Nostoc. Extensive morphological and molecular characterization along with a thorough assessment of ecology was performed. The style of filament orientation, type and nature of the sheath (e.g. distribution and visibility across the trichome), and vegetative and heterocyte cell dimensions and shape were assessed for over one year using both the laboratory grown culture and the naturally occurring samples. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed 94 % similarity with Nostocpiscinale CENA21 while analyses of the secondary structures of the 16S-23S ITS region showed unique folding patterns that differentiated this strain from other species of Nostoc. The level of rbcl and rpoC1 gene sequence similarity was 91 and 94 % to Nostocsp. PCC 7524 and Nostocpiscinale CENA21, respectively, while the nifD gene sequence similarity was found to be 99 % with Nostocpiscinale CENA21. The phenotypic, ecological, genetic and phylogenetic observations indicate that the strain 9C-PST represents a novel species of the genus Nostoc with the name proposed being Nostoc thermotolerans sp. nov. according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants.

Learning to Predict Consequences as a Method of Knowledge Transfer in Reinforcement Learning.

The reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm allows agents to solve tasks through trial-and-error learning. To be capable of efficient, long-term learning, RL agents should be able to apply knowledge gained in the past to new tasks they may encounter in the future. The ability to predict actions' consequences may facilitate such knowledge transfer. We consider here domains where an RL agent has access to two kinds of information: agent-centric information with constant semantics across tasks, and environment-centric information, which is necessary to solve the task, but with semantics that differ between tasks. For example, in robot navigation, environment-centric information may include the robot's geographic location, while agent-centric information may include sensor readings of various nearby obstacles. We propose that these situations provide an opportunity for a very natural style of knowledge transfer, in which the agent learns to predict actions' environmental consequences using agent-centric information. These predictions contain important information about the affordances and dangers present in a novel environment, and can effectively transfer knowledge from agent-centric to environment-centric learning systems. Using several example problems including spatial navigation and network routing, we show that our knowledge transfer approach can allow faster and lower cost learning than existing alternatives.

Consistent categorization of multimodal integration patterns during human–computer interaction

Multimodal interaction represents a more natural style of human-computer interaction permitting our developed communicative skills to interact with computer systems. It remains a challenging task to design reliable multimodal systems. Employing advanced methods providing optimal performance depends on precise modeling of integration patterns that allows adapting to preferences and differences of individual users. While basic foundation and empirical evidence around these differences has already been described and confirmed in previous research works, introduced measures and classifications seem oversimplified and insufficiently precise to design reliable and robust interaction models. In this paper, results of our study of multimodal integration patterns in systems combining speech and gesture input are presented. Important interaction differences of subjects and their specific multimodal integration patterns were confirmed and completed with our own findings. Based on the obtained results, a new integration pattern categorization is defined and analyzed. The introduced categorization provides more reliable and consistent results in comparison with classifications presented in related literature. Moreover, its generality means it is applicable on other input modality combinations.