Natural Secondary Forest Research Articles

A preliminary study on forest edge effect and application

Researches and analyses were carried on the mechanism of forest edge effect by the classification of its types in forest ecosystem. Two kinds of practical models were put forward to extricate forestry from “Two Crisises” and increase the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the net primary productivity on unit area by combination forest edge effect theory with forestry production. 1. Cultivating fast growth and rich yield plantation directionally in optimal community structure by use of forest edge effect theory. 2. Establishing artificial-natural compound forest community by openning up effect belts in natural secondary forest.

森林植生の類型化に基づくその保全に関する研究

The purpose of this paper is to consider the conservation of forest vegetation of the prefectures by the classification of the futures of forest.As many of the cities are located in the plain areas, the expansion of urbanl and use directly erodes agricultural land uses. The agricultaral land use is compensated by the forestry use land from the national points of view. On the basis of the comparisons between the proportion ratios of urban land use, agricultural land use and forestry land use in each prefectures, the expansion of urban land use has seemingly a clear relationship with the decrease of forestry land use rather than that of agricultural land use.According to the location quotients of natural forest, secondary forest and artificial forest, the forest vegetations of the prefectures are classfied into some types. These types of forest vegetation show that the futures of forest vegetation vary in different localities and that the distribution pattern of natural forest has a deep relationship with the spread of urban lana use.The expansion of urban land use has a deep relationship with the expansion of “Densely Inhabited District (DID)” which is considered as the one of the indicators for urbanization in our country. DID is defined as an area within a local body that is composed of a group of contiguous enumeration districts, each of which has a population density of about 4, 000 inhabitants or more per square kilometer, and whose total population exceeds 5, 000 as of the date of survey. The prefectures are divided into classes according to the proportion of DID.The comparisons between the types of forest vegetation and DID of the prefectures show that all prefectures are classfied into 7 “District Types (DT)”......... Natural Forest DT, Semi-Natural Forest DT, Secondary.Artificial Forest DT, Secondary Forest DT, Artificial Forest DT, Urbanization DT and Over-Population DT. These District Types are very useful for making a gudeline of forest coservation and for examing a vegetation management plan.

Seed dispersal, dormancy, seedbank and regeneration of Amur corktree

Amur corktree (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.) is one of the important accompanying species of Korean pine (Pinus Koraiensis Sieb et Zuce) broadleaved forest in northeast China. This paper reports on the seed dispersal, dormancy, seed bank and regeneration of amur corktree. Seeds of amur corktree arc dispersed mainly by the aid of birds and gravity. The aril of the seeds may increase seed longevity. In natural secondary forests, the store of the seed bank may reach 750, 000 seeds per heetare. Regeneration was correlated wirh disturbance, and was best under intensive disturbance.

Comparative Study of Avifauna between Environmental Green Area of Tanagawa II Power Station and Secondary Natural Forest

The line transect censuses within the range of 25m on both sides of six routes were carried out in two forests in Tanagawa, Osaka Prefecture, in 1984. One is the Environmental Green Area of Tanagawa II Power Station, which composed mainly of plantation and uncut natural forest leftover patchily. The other is the secondary natural forest adjacently near by the station. A total of 42 species (9 orders 24 families) of birds were observed. There was no difference observed in the species composition between Green Area and natural forest. But in Green Area, more numbers of species were observed in the leftover forest, and only a few species occurred in the plantation forest. While so many species of birds live in natural and the leftover forest, no special species live in the plantation forest, it is considered that avifauna is extending into the plantation from natural forests. Large-sized, groundpecking species (Columba livia, Turdus pallidus and T. naumanni) were observed abundantly in the plantation forest. This may be due to the less coverage of the forest floor.

Some Agaricales from the Blue Mountains of Jamaica

The following fungi were collected during a short visit to Jamaica in the course of my return journey from Trinidad in December I949. At that time the low country was much too dry to yield many agaricales and the collections listed were all obtained at or above the old botanic garden, now derelict, at Cinchona, i.e. at an altitude of 1600oo m. or over, in the Blue Mountains. They thus belong to quite a different flora from that sampled in Trinidad but show some affinity with that of the cloud-forests at about 2000 m. in the Sierra de la Costa, Venezuela. A close relationship with the fungi of the southern Appalachians may also be expected but it is difficult to assess as these are still largely undescribed in modern terms. The climate of Cinchona, though relatively temperate, is free from frost. In addition to the former Cinchona plantations, now almost entirely overgrown by secondary native forest, there are extensive plantations of introduced pines, with which several of the species are associated.