Natural Resource-based View Research Articles

GREEN LOGISTICS PRACTICES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE AMONG LOGISTICS FIRMS IN KENYA

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of green logistics practices on performance and mediating effect of environmental performance on this relationship in logistics companies in Kenya. Theoretical Framework: This study is anchored on the resource-based view and the natural resource-based view. Method: The study employs cross-sectional survey research design. A structured questionnaire is used to collect data from a sample of 300 firms which is analyzed using CB-SEM. Results and Discussion: Study establishes a significant positive relationship between green logistics practices and performance which is in line with the argument of the natural resource-based view. Secondly, the mediating effect of environmental performance on the relationship between green logistics practices and firm performance is found to be non-significant. Research Implications: The study recommends that logistics firms should implement environment-friendly practices of green packaging, route optimization, fuel efficiency, carbon emission measurement and reverse logistics. The expenses associated with implementing these practices impede the firm’s ability to improve performance in the context of a developing country. The findings provide a basis for the development regulatory framework in pursuit of environmental sustainability. Originality/Value: Research on ecological sustainability has mainly concentrated on the entire supply chain. This study concentrates on the logistics aspect which is responsible for a quarter of emissions of Green House Gases (CHGs). The research employs a measurement model of green logistics practices construct in the service sector hence moving away from the manufacturing organizations.

Natural resource management in Vietnam: Merging circular economy practices and financial sustainability approach

This study provides circular economy principles in natural resource management (NRM) in Vietnam when merging financial sustainability. Prior studies have neglected NRM in terms of utilizing circular economy principles (CEP) with the support of financial sustainability (FS). The main goal is to improve CEP in NRM utilizing the FS. This study employs the novel hybrid method to explore the multi-hierarchical NRM structure, address the interrelationships among CE and NRM attributes, and identify the attributes for improvement with the support of FS. This study proposes 85 criteria across 13 aspects base on the natural resource-based view. The results reveal a valid set of 20 criteria spanning six aspects. The aspects comprise operational digitalization, Fintech application and environmental strategy. The practical criteria include digital ecosystem collaborations, automation and robotics operations, compliance with environmental standards and laws, blockchain adoption, and data security. The FS is indicated as the decisive perspective for improving the CEP in NRM.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF PLASTICS AND RUBBER MANUFACTURERS IN KENYA: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF ECO-INNOVATIONS

Objective: This study aimed to expose the effect of sustainable manufacturing operations on performance of plastics and rubber manufacturing firms in Kenya. Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories that support the research were conveyed. The study employed the natural resource-based view and ecological modernisation theory. Method: The study employed descriptive research survey that targeted all the 90 plastics and rubber manufacturing firms registered by the Kenya Association of manufacturers. A structured questionnaire as well as a data collection form were useful in collecting data. For data analysis descriptive and inferential statistics were used with the precise inclusion of partial least squares structural equation modeling method. Results and Discussion: There was a statistically significant influence of eco-innovations on the effect of sustainable manufacturing operations on environmental performance. However, the individual eco-innovations indicators namely eco-product innovations, eco-process innovations, green system innovations and material flow innovations yielded varied results. Research Implications: The findings confirm previous studies that indeed there are positive gains made from the moderating role of eco-innovations in the correlation between sustainable manufacturing operations and performance of the environment. Originality/Value: These results are expected to benefit stakeholders such as policy makers in government, plastic and rubber manufacturers and academia in augmenting the existing knowledge.

From knowledge to profit: business reputation as a mediator in the impact of green intellectual capital on business performance

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to support the green movement and improve corporate performance by focusing on green intellectual capital and its various components (e.g. green human capital, green structural capital and green relational capital). Furthermore, this study looks into the impact of business reputation in mediating the link between green intellectual capital qualities and business performance.Design/methodology/approachTo obtain data from the target population, this study employed quantitative techniques and a survey approach for data collection from respondents (managers and employees) of firms. The final sample size was 255.FindingsAccording to structural equation modeling green human capital, green structural capital and green relational capital all have a positive and statistically significant impact on organizational performance. Furthermore, the study shows that a company’s reputation plays an important role in mediating the relationship between the green intellectual capital component and business performance. These findings are confirmed by the natural resource-based perspective theory. This shows that developing green intellectual capital and promoting a green environment increases a company’s reputation among stakeholders, which promotes organizational performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study’s findings will help policymakers and administrators better understand the role of green intellectual capital in business reputation and performance. Based on empirical data, the study would contribute to the management, environmental science and performance literature.Originality/valueTo the best of the researcher's knowledge, this is the first study to apply the natural resource-based view theory and to consider corporate reputation as a mediator between green intellectual capital and business success.

CSR and Sustainable Environmental Performance: An Exploration of Mediating and Moderating Factors

Taking into consideration the moderating role of perceived organizational support within the framework of the natural resource-based view (RBV) theory, the purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable environmental performance. Specifically, this study focuses on the roles that green capability and green transformational leadership play as mediators in this relationship. Through the use of a survey questionnaire, information was collected from 420 employees working for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh. The data were analyzed with the help of AMOS and SPSS. The findings indicate that the level of CSR has a significant impact on the performance of sustainable environmental practices. To a large extent, green capability and green transformational leadership serve as mediators in the relationship between CSR and sustainable environmental performance. Furthermore, perceived organizational support plays a significant role in moderating the relationship between CSR and sustainable environmental performance. The relationship between green transformational leadership and sustainable environmental performance is also significantly moderated by perceived organizational support. This is a significant contributor to the connection. This multidimensional corporate social responsibility model can be used to assess sustainable environmental performance in both industrialized and developing countries, and it can also be extended to other service sectors, according to the theoretical conclusion that can be drawn from the research. This research demonstrates that there is a direct connection between corporate social responsibility and sustainable environmental performance. As a result, practitioners are able to develop strategies that are effective in terms of corporate social responsibility. These findings should be taken into consideration by policymakers and managers who are dedicated to promoting equitable development of the country.

Examining the impact of green entrepreneurship drivers on sustainable development in the context of emerging country

PurposeGreen entrepreneurship (GE) is a novel concept in business and enhances environmentally friendly production and operation activities for “sustainable development” (SD). The aim of this study is to determine the drivers that contribute to the growth and success of “micro, small, and medium enterprises” (MSMEs) in the manufacturing sector in India. The study also examines the mutual and cause-and-effect relationships among these identified drivers.Design/methodology/approachThe study used integrated research methodology and identified nine key drivers of GE (GEDs) through extensive literature reviews, theoretical perspectives (i.e. “resource-based view” (RBV), “natural resource-based view” (NRBV) and “critical success factor theory” (CSFT)), and expert opinions. Further, “total interpretive structural modeling” (TISM) and “matrice d'impacts croisés multiplication appliquée á un classment” (MICMAC) analysis are used here to develop a hierarchical model and cluster the drivers, and fuzzy “decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory” (fuzzy-DEMATEL) is used to develop causal relationships among the drivers. Further, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to ensure the robustness of the results.FindingsResults indicated that green manufacturing and operation capability development, green business process management and attitudes toward developing sustainable business models significantly impacted GE and SD. The findings of this study help managers, policymakers, and practitioners gain an in-depth understanding of the drivers of GE.Research limitations/implicationsThe study considers a limited number of drivers and is specific to Indian manufacturing MSMEs only. Further, a limited number of experts from different enterprises are considered for data analysis. This study is also based on interrelationships and their relative importance based on multicriteria decision-making techniques. This study aids government decision-making, policy formulation and strategic decision-making for manufacturing businesses in achieving SD goals. In addition, this research also encourages green entrepreneurs to start eco-driven companies and facilitate the use of environmentally friendly goods to offset environmental challenges and accomplish sustainable development goals.Originality/valueThis study proposes an integrated methodology that will benefit managers, practitioners and others in developing strategies and innovations to improve and develop green practices. This study further helps with responsive, sustainable business development in various manufacturing MSMEs.

Sustainable Technology Adoption and Green Competitive Advantage: an Empirical Study of Msmes In Indonesia

Objective: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in Indonesia's economic growth. MSMEs in the creative industry have grown and have played an important role in Indonesia's economy and the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs). This article examines the performance of MSMEs (MPR) in the creative industry by analyzing the influence of sustainable technology adoption (STA), accounting and financial resources (AFR), and green competitive advantage (GCA). Theoretical Framework: This article examines the performance of creative industry MSMEs in Indonesia using the Natural Resource Based View (NRBV) framework. Method: The research in this article was conducted with a sample of creative industry owners or managers in the provinces of Central Java, West Java, and Yogyakarta. This article is a quantitative survey-based research. A total of two hundred and ninety-four people participated in this study. Results and Discussion: The data analysis results indicate that STA and AFR have an impact on the GCA. The MPRs driven by AFR and GCA. However, this article did not find any influence of STA on MPR. Research Implications: According to the study's findings, MPR may increase when MSMEs are able to locate GTA. As a result, MSMEs must innovate while maintaining an emphasis on sound environmental management through the use of sustainable technologies and prudent financial management. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by testing GTA and MPR within the NRBV framework. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the contribution of research results to improving the performance of MSMEs.

Exploring the Duality of Formal and Informal Controls in Driving Eco-Innovations

Eco-innovations are crucial for addressing environmental challenges. Based on a survey of 301 large German firms, we explore the roles of formal and informal environmental management control systems (EMCSs) in translating external perceived stakeholder pressure (PSP) into eco-innovations. By employing partial least squares structural equation modeling, the findings indicate that both formal and informal EMCSs positively and partially mediate the relationship between PSP and eco-innovation. Building on the natural resource-based view (NRBV), our study contributes to the accounting literature by exploring the taxonomy of formal and informal controls. The results demonstrate the important role of informal EMCSs alongside formal EMCSs in developing the capabilities necessary to channel PSP toward eco-innovations, emphasizing the role of management controls in sustainable development. Furthermore, we contribute to quantitative research on the role of management controls in the field of environmental sustainability and innovation. The implications of our study are relevant for managers as formal and informal controls are anchored differently in the firm and therefore require different approaches to create a balance of both.

Key capabilities for closed-loop supply chain: Empirical evidence from manufacturing firms

The objective of this paper is to explore the capabilities to implement closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). In this regard, a theoretical model grounded in natural resource-based view is proposed, which depicts inter-relationships among the capabilities and CLSC. The model is tested using survey data from Indian manufacturing firms by partial least squares (PLS) approach. The findings show information technology and organizational learning as important lower-order capabilities, and internal integration, demand management and product design as significant higher-order capabilities for CLSC implementation. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study to examine key capabilities for CLSC. The study contributes to CLSC literature by providing an integrative framework, classifying capabilities into lower-order capabilities and higher-order capabilities, and empirically examining the key capabilities for CLSC. The findings provide managers with insights about the hierarchical levels of capabilities for CLSC, which will help them to accordingly deploy the appropriate resources to build capabilities for CLSC.

Fostering innovation through green HRM: The mediating role of organizational support and green commitment

This study aims to investigate the role of green human resource management (GHRM) on innovative work behavior in helping organizations to implement environmentally friendly business practices. By using natural resource-based view and social exchange theory as theoretical lens, we consider the role of green HRM, perceived organizational support for the environment, green knowledge sharing, and green commitment as antecedents of innovative work behavior. The sample is 215 employees from the MSME’s manufacturing industrial sector in West Java province selected using purposive sampling, then the data was analyzed using structural equation models (SEM-PLS). The research results show that GHRM practices have a positive and significant influence on green commitment, green knowledge sharing, and innovative work behavior. Apart from that, the moderating role of green knowledge sharing is found to strengthen the relationship between green human resource management and green commitment. The mediating role of green commitment in the relationship between GHRM and employee innovative work behavior is also confirmed. This study also found that organizational support indirectly influences green commitment. The findings of this study provide contribution to the literature, especially in the field of organizational behavior by emphasizing the role of GHRM practice to stimulate innovative work behavior of employees. It also provides practical implications for organizations to adopt environmentally friendly business practices as an effort to improve their positive outcomes of the employees.

Bridging green supply chain practices and environmental performance in Chinese semiconductor sector: With the role of energy efficiency and green HRM

The semiconductor sector of China, which is an essential part of the global electronics market, is experiencing significant pressure to adopt green practices. Therefore, this study examines the role of green supply chain practices such as customer environmental collaboration, green purchasing and sustainable innovation in environmental performance. By leveraging the integrated perspective of the resource based-view, natural resource-based view and ability-motivation-opportunity as a theoretical lens, the study evaluates whether green practices lead to better environmental performance. In this study, energy efficiency is explored as a mediator between green purchasing, sustainable innovation and environmental performance, revealing its part in reaping the benefits of green initiatives. Additionally, green human resource practices are assessed as a moderator to identify how supportive such practices can be to amplify the relationship between customer environmental collaboration and firm environmental performance. Leveraging a PLS-SEM methodology, the findings reveal that environmental collaboration with customers, green purchasing and sustainable innovation directly lead to superior environmental performance. The study identifies the crucial role of energy efficiency as a mediator as it helps reinforce the effectiveness of green practices. The proven role of green human resource management as a moderator underscores the need to integrate human resource management with environmental objectives. Policymakers could take guidelines from the study to develop policies related to enhancing environmental performance using effective green supply chain practices and green human resource management practices.

Quality 4.0 practices toward sustainable excellence in the manufacturing sector

In the Industry 4.0 context, it is very important for companies to apply a comprehensive and sustainable business model to grow steadily and quickly adapt to the fast-changing environment. Although the existing literature has explored Quality 4.0 by integrating Industry 4.0 tools into the TQM system, the question of how Quality 4.0 practices drive sustainable excellence (SE) remains unexplored. Therefore, to fill the gap, this research aims to investigate the relationship between Quality 4.0 practices and SE as well as the role of digital transformation (DT) and digital leadership in this connection, anchoring on the stakeholder theory, the natural resource-based view (NRBR) theory, and the socio-technical system (STS) theory. The research employs the quantitative Structural Equation Model method to analyse empirical data in the manufacturing industry in Vietnam. The findings demonstrate that Quality 4.0 practices positively influence both digital transformation and SE. This study confirmed the mediating role of digital transformation and the moderating role of digital leadership in the relationship between Quality 4.0 practices and SE. The findings of this study contributed to applications of Quality 4.0 practices and digital transformation to improve SE in the manufacturing sector.

Is human resources management sustainable enough? Evidence from the food industry

PurposeBased on the Natural resource-based view (NRBV), this study aims to analyze the association between the Sustainable Development Goals related to Gender Equality, Decent Work, Innovation, and Climatic Action in the Food Industry.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study is adopted based on the 2019 World Bank Enterprise Survey microdata. The database includes 1,242 food enterprises from 16 European Union countries. We applied logistic regression with cluster robust standard errors.FindingsDespite global efforts to promote decent work and gender equity, the anticipated results have not yet been achieved, suggesting varying performance in different contexts. Food firms, characterized by significant environmental impacts and seasonal tasks, employ diverse Human Resource Management (HRM) strategies based on whether they pursue innovation or environmental objectives. Grounded in the NRBV, our findings underscore the importance of investing in qualified workers and offering attractive wages to meet environmental goals, as well as providing stable contracts for female workers. The NRBV framework also highlights the crucial role of product and process innovations, whether green or not, in achieving climate action objectives.Practical implicationsEuropean policies must be adapted to the human resources characteristics in the food industry, providing specific training on environmental and innovation issues and contributing to more work stability and gender equality.Originality/valueOur study applies the NRBV to analyze how human resources and product/process innovations can boost environmental preservation in an industry characterized by strong environmental impacts, seasonal tasks, and financial constraints.

Theoretical perspectives in reverse logistics research

PurposeTheory is an essential prerequisite in the development and maturation of any scholarly discipline. This study offers insight into theory development in reverse logistics (RL) studies, provides a synopsis of the theories employed in RL studies, and presents a comprehensive framework for choosing and applying theories in RL studies.Design/methodology/approachUsing the systematic literature review approach, 265 various RL articles were analysed to discover the trend in using theories in RL studies and classify the individual theories employed. The analysis of the theoretical classification is presented to explain the type and frequency of the usage of theories.FindingsThe analysis discovered 52 specific theories from the sample. These theories were categorised under various categories: competitive, inventory, economic, decision, etc. The institutional, stakeholder, transaction cost economies, resource-based view, natural resource-based view, dynamic capability, agency and theory of planned behaviour were some of the key theories discovered. Finally, a comprehensive framework is provided to aid researchers in choosing and utilising theories.Research limitations/implicationsThis study gives authors, reviewers and editors perspectives on utilising theories in RL studies. It will give them the impetus to develop theories in RL and limit the borrowing or extension of theories from other disciplines to RL studies.Originality/valueTo the best of the researcher's knowledge, this is the first attempt to comprehensively provide an anatomical perspective into theory usage in RL studies. Besides, this study's proposed framework for selecting and using theories is a novelty in the domain of RL.

Leveraging employee green entrepreneurial orientation for enhancing environmental performance: The multi-level role of green creativity and green decision comprehensiveness

In view of increasing demands for employees engaging in environmental sustainability, the authors suggest firms can use employee green entrepreneurial orientation (eGEO) to enhance their environmental performance. Relying on the natural resource-based view as the underlying theoretical foundation and the source–position–performance model as the overarching framework, the authors propose a theoretical model across employee and firm levels to examine how eGEO promotes employee and firm environmental performance. Using multi-source surveys and secondary proxy data through multiple waves of data collection from 246 firms, the results indicate that eGEO has a positive indirect effect on employee environmental performance through employee green creativity and a positive indirect effect on firm environmental performance through firm green creativity. The results further indicate that green decision comprehensiveness strengthens these effects. This study contributes to research on green entrepreneurship by focusing on a novel characteristic of eGEO and by underscoring the necessity of treating green creativity as separate dimensions, employee and firm, that relate eGEO and environmental performance. It also contributes to research on strategic decision-making by revealing which strategic decision processes encourage eGEO in both employee and firm green creativity.

Drivers for and barriers to circular economy transition in the textile industry: A developing economy perspective

AbstractIncreasingly, pressing sustainability issues including the rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rates, climate change‐related vulnerabilities, and natural resource depletion have propelled companies to transition from a linear economy to a circular economy (CE). While circular business models are gaining currency in the manufacturing sector, empirical research on CE transition in the continuous process industry in developing economies is scarce. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the drivers and barriers of CE adoption in the textile industry of Pakistan. To this end, we utilized a qualitative methodology, and a total of 22 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with consultants and senior corporate managers working in the textile sector. Building on the natural resource‐based view (NRBV) and institutional theory, the findings revealed various internal drivers (resource efficiency‐related, organization‐related, and research and innovation‐related factors) and external drivers (market, regulatory, and societal factors) for CE transition. Additionally, the findings demonstrated internal barriers including behavioral, technical, and economic issues, and external issues such as customer and brand‐related barriers, regulatory and policy‐related barriers, as well as supply chain‐related barriers hindering the adoption of CE. We argue that it is one of the early studies to utilize the NRBV and institutional theory to examine the drivers and barriers and provide novel insights into the CE transition in the textile process industry in a developing economy. The findings can assist academics, consultants, practitioners, and policymakers to understand and promote CE as a sustainable strategy in the textile process industry.

Attaining sustainable excellence: Investigating the impact of sustainable scm and circular economy on green garment industry in Bangladesh

Amid global climate challenges, loss of biodiversity and resource depletion firms must act for sustainable performance (SP) and future well-being. It is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms that enhance SP. This study aims to examine the impact of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), and circular economy (CE), on SP in Bangladesh's green garment industry. Employing a quantitative research design, we tested the hypothesized structural model using data from 303 managers collected through surveys. The Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM) statistical method was utilized to examine the hypotheses. The results indicate that SSCM positively impacts CE and SP, and CE mediates the SSCM-SP link. This study contributes to the literature by enhancing the Natural Resource-Based View theory, presenting SSCM-CE as resources that enhance SP. The findings hold valuable implications for Bangladesh's RMG policymaking practitioners.

How does green entrepreneurial orientation improve enterprises' sustainable performance? Evidence from agricultural sector in China

AbstractSustainable development of enterprises has attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners. Green entrepreneurship, as an important way to provide eco‐friendly products and solve environmental problems, is a key way for the sustainable development of enterprises. However, due to the disadvantage faced by enterprises in pursuing costly sustainable actions, existing research on whether green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) can bring about sustainable performance improvement has not yet reached a consensus, and the path and mechanism of transforming GEO into sustainable performance also need further exploration. Based on the Natural‐Resource‐Based View (NRBV), Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and Dynamic Capability View (DCV), this study examines the impact of GEO on sustainable performance, the mediating role and chain mediating role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition (EOR), and business model innovation (BMI). The results based on 207 agricultural enterprises reveal that: (a) GEO positively influences economic performance, environmental performance, and social performance; (b) EOR and BMI play mediating roles in the above relationships; (c) GEO can also indirectly affects sustainable performance through the chain mediating effect of EOR and BMI. The research results provide a new theoretical perspective for understanding the key antecedents of sustainable performance of enterprises, further open the “black box” of the mechanism between GEO and sustainable performance, expand the NRBV, Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and DCV, and provide practical implications for green transformation in the agricultural sector and promoting its sustainable development.

Exploring the impact of green entrepreneurial orientation on sustainable performance: insights from CSR, policy and innovation

PurposeIn recent years, “Corporate Social Responsibility” (CSR) has gained significant traction as a strategic concept embraced by business managers. However, there remains a dearth of comprehensive research exploring the impact of CSR on “Green Entrepreneurial Orientation” (GEO), a firm’s sustainability performance, and their interplay with other influential factors. Therefore, this study aims to explore how CSR, “Policy Awareness” (PA), and “Personal Innovativeness” (PI) influence GEO and “Sustainable Performance” (SP). The research also delves into understanding the mediating role of GEO and how this mediation is moderated by “Green Innovation” (GI).Design/methodology/approachDrawing from the “natural resource-based view” (NRBV) theory and employing “partial least square structural equation modeling” (PLS-SEM), the study analyzed a sample of 137 Indian manufacturing “micro, small, and medium enterprises” (MSMEs).FindingsThe results underscore the positive associations of CSR and PA with both GEO and SP. Additionally, the findings highlight the moderating effects of GI in enhancing firms' sustainability performance. The moderated mediation analysis reveals that CSR significantly contributes to SP by fostering the adoption of GEO.Research limitations/implicationsThese study outcomes offer valuable insights for policymakers, managers, and entrepreneurs, emphasizing the importance of crafting effective CSR strategies intertwined with innovativeness to cultivate a conducive green entrepreneurial ecosystem in businesses aligned with sustainable development goals.Originality/valueThere is a paucity of research on the determinants of GEO within the context of manufacturing MSMEs, especially in developing and underdeveloped nations. Furthermore, no previous study has delved into the factors that underlie GEO using a moderated mediation framework, particularly within the Indian manufacturing MSMEs landscape.

Combating green innovation in Italian luxury hotels: combination of social cognitive theory and natural resource-based view

PurposeThe objective of this investigation is to examine the correlation between green transformational leadership (GTL) and organizational green innovation (GI) by employing a mediation model. Drawing upon the social cognitive theory and natural resource-based view, the present study explores the role of green creativity (GC) as a mediating variable in the relationship between GTL and GI in the hotel industry.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted in Italian luxury hotels to assess the efficacy of our conceptual framework among workers in the hospitality industry. The study utilized a three-wave 2-week time-lagged design (N = 303). In addition, the study also intends to apply the Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and the fuzzy qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to have distinctive discernment into model rapport.FindingsThe results of the study indicate the linkage between GTL and GI. Furthermore, the study also found the partial mediation of GC of employees. The results show numerous combinations using fsQCA that can be utilized to increase green performance (GP).Originality/valueThe study helps the hotel industry maximize its performance by unravelling irregular relationships. Therefore, it contributes by explaining previously unexplored factors and elucidating causal recipes to build a higher GP base through GTL, GC and GI. The research findings hold significant implications for comprehending the effects of GTL on organizational GI as well as its influence on GP. The limitations of the study are discussed for avenues of future research.