Natural Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Research Articles

The depth range of the Earth'snatural pulse electromagneticfield (or ENPEMF)

On the basis of the analysis of the literature sources, we determined the possible range of using the method of the Earth`s natural pulse electromagnetic field. As a result of detailed analysis of domestic and foreign research, we demonstrated the relevance of conducting research focused on development of the Earth'snatural pulse electromagneticfield (or ENPEMF). Using the results of theoretical studies, the advantages and disadvantages of the ENPEMF method were determined. A complex of physical processes which preceded the development of the pulse electromagnetic field of the Earth was characterized, and the impact of mechanical deformations of rocks on the change in the condition of the electromagnetic field was experimentally proven. The main fundamentals on the determination of depth range of the ENPEMF method were examined and a new approach to interpretation of the data was suggested. We conducted an analysis of methods developed earlier of calculating geometric parameters of the sources which generate electromagnetic impulses. Their practicability at a certain stage of solving the data of geological tasks was experimentally tested. We determined the factors which affect the depth range of the ENPEMF method. A mathematical solution of the effectiveness of the ENPEMF method was suggested and determined the relations between the depth parameter of the study and the frequency of measuring and effective value of specific electric resistance. On the example of different objects, the effectiveness and correctness of the suggested method of determining the depth range parameter was proven. In particular, the theoretical results of the study were tested and confirmed on objects of different geological-morphological and engineering-technical aspects, i.e. Novo-Holyn mine in the Kalush-Holynske potash deposit and the multi-storey educational building of the University in Ivano-Frankivsk. The practicability of using the ENPEMF method in combination with other methods of electrometry for solving practical geological tasks was experimentally proven.

ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЙ МОНИТОРИНГ ОПАСНЫХ ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ НА ПОДРАБАТЫВАЕМЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ

Rock stability estimation tasks on anthropogenic soils require both preliminary survey and on-going real-time monitoring providing alerts on possible cave-in threats. Using VLF monitoring data incorporated into software-hardware geodynamical processes automated surveillance system allows to accomplish that task. Authors describe a unique method, based on Earth’s natural pulsed electro-magnetic field (ENPEMF) recording and make conclusions on the efficiency of the solutions ap-plied for hazardous geodynamic processes monitoring on anthropogenic soils. The principle of the method is to distinguish spatial variations of ENPEMF signal against diurnal oscillations and tech-nogenic signals. Correlation between relative signal intensity and stress-strained state of the rocks is experimentally demonstrated.

ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫЙ МЕТОД ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ МНОГОЛЕТНЕМЕРЗЛЫХ ГРУНТОВ

The work suggest a method to research structure and estimate stress-strained state of perma-frosts, based on Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field parameters recording. Unlike previously used geophysical methods applied for such tasks, based on measuring electric and magnetic perma-frosts properties, for the first time the method applied is based on determining structural, strength and deformational properties of the rocks. Algorithm and software-hardware system implementing the method is tested during engineering-cryological mapping of the Yakutia's Chayadinsk oil, gas and condensate field territory where line facilities are located. Examples of varying morfology cryo-genic formations detection are demonstrated as well as method's capacity to be applied to monitor geocryological processes in conditions of technogenic influence and global warming.

Peculiarities of mining and technical conditions for construction and operation of Kuznetskovskiy tunnel on the far eastern railway

Kuznetsovskiy tunnel is built in the pass section of Sikhote-Alin Ridge on the Pivan-Sovetskaya Gavan leg of the Far Eastern Railway route, Russia. The tunnel axis is crossed by a system of faults of various capacities. The fault zones are associated with increased fracturing, reduced stability, abundant water inflows in some places, the threat of dumping, intense silicification and sulfide mineralization. The monitoring data obtained by natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth (NPEFE) and dipole electromagnetic proliferation (DEMP) methods made it possible to come to a conclusion about the real picture of the development and to make forecast of the rock pressure, as well as the dynamics of groundwater entering to the workings for the further tunnel's safe construction and operation.

Detailing the tectonic structure of a nuclear industry construction site using an Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field method

This paper presents results of an integrated geophysical research aimed at detailing the tectonic structure of a nuclear industry construction site. A synthetic review of experiments is given accompanied by a sensitivity comparison between an Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF) method and vertical geoelectric survey, magnetometry, and seismology methods.

Lightning discharge bearing by monitoring of dangerous geological processes with a system based on Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field parameters

This paper describes an application of an Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF) method for thunderstorm tracing in the atmosphere. It is shown that an estimation algorithm of dangerous geological processes can exclude massive thunderbolt discharge interference in estimating the stress-strained state of rocks using the ENPEMF method over a distributed network of recorders.

The Earth's natural pulse electromagnetic fields for earthquake time–frequency characteristics: Insights from the EEMD–WVD method

AbstractMonitoring the Earth's natural pulse electromagnetic field (ENPEMF) signal is a geomagnetic detection approach for the Earth internal and external studies, and it provides a reference for earthquake prediction. In this paper, the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition–Wigner Ville Distribution (EEMD–WVD) method is used to process the time sequences of the ENPEMF signal detected by GR‐01 receiving devices during the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake (April 20th, 2013). By obtaining the intrinsic mode function (IMF), the time–frequency–amplitude joint distribution and the energy spectrum of the ENPEMF signal, the suspected anomalies before the earthquake could be shown. The results illustrate the ENPEMF signal before an earthquake and its time–frequency characteristics based on an EEMD–WVD algorithm, proving useful information about the anomalies around the time of the earthquake.

Technological aspects of technogenic disturbance liquidation in the areas of coal-gas deposits development

The objective of this work is to develop the technological measures for liquidation of technogenic disturbances that have arisen within the residential areas. Based on the results of geophysical studies, the causes and factors of Earth’s surface caving occurrence that arose in the result of natural-technogenic processes activation in underworked massif and are caused by the soil subsidence under buildings and constructions, have been determined. The solution of the problem was carried out with the use of methods for observing the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth and electric tomography in the area adjacent to the place of caving. The conclusions about the possible causes of the caving trough formation and its further development have been formulated, as well as the technological scheme for its liquidation have been developed. The developed new technological scheme allows conducting the effective liquidation works in conditions of proximity to the residential buildings and maximally reduces these scopes of works at ecological and protective measures.

Electromagnetic Method for Exogenetic Geodynamic Elements Mapping in Permafrost Environment

Taking into account the global warming, there is a pressing need to detect thermokarsts and to monitor permafrosts during the design and construction of industry infrastructure in Northern regions. The paper suggests a permafrost probing method based on the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field parameters recording. Authors describe the architecture and algorithms for the recording hardware. Examples of thermokarst detecting in poleward region are demonstrated. Pulsed electromagnetic fields intensity over thermokarst funnels is 30 times higher than the background levels. Authors substantiate the method’s eligibility to monitor geocryologial processes.

Estimation of the Lithospheric Component Share in the Earth Natural Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Structure

Article describes the results of the atmosphere and Earth’s crust climatic and ecological parameters integrated monitoring. The estimation is made for lithospheric component share in the Earth natural pulsed electromagnetic field structure. To estimate lithospheric component we performed a round-the-clock monitoring of the Earth natural pulsed electromagnetic field background variations at the experiment location and measured the Earth natural pulsed electromagnetic field under electric shields. Natural materials in a natural environment were used for shielding, specifically lakes with varying parameters of water conductivity. Skin effect was used in the experiment – it is the tendency of electromagnetic waves amplitude to decrease with greater depths in the conductor. Atmospheric and lithospheric component the Earth natural pulsed electromagnetic field data recorded on terrain was compared against the recorded data with atmosphere component decayed by an electric shield. In summary we have demonstrated in the experiment that thunderstorm discharge originating electromagnetic field decay corresponds to the decay calculated using Maxwell equations. In the absence of close lightning strikes the ratio of field intensity recorded on terrain to shielded field intensity is inconsistent with the ratio calculated for atmospheric sources, that confirms there is a lithospheric component present to the Earth natural pulsed electromagnetic field.

The algorithm for calculating the Earth's core runs on the parameters of natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth

This paper presents the argumentation in favor of a hypothesis of the eccentric rotation of the Earth's shell and core. It covers the algorithm and computation of movement path and position of the Earth's core by the Earth's natural pulse electromagnetic field characteristics.

Earth’s electromagnetic field by observations in Buryatia

The data obtained by the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) in the territory of Zabaykal’e are compared with the data received by the equipment for observations of Earth’s natural pulse electromagnetic field installed in Buryatia. Diurnal and seasonal dependence of lightning strokes observed in Zabaikal’e territory were obtained. It was shown that the maxima in diurnal variation registered by the instrumentation in Buryatiya coincide with the main world lightning sources.

Integration of Electrical Resistivity and Electromagnetic Radiation Methods for Fracture Flow System Detection

An electrical resistivity and electromagnetic emission survey was carried out involving the use of vertical electrical soundings (VES) and natural pulse electromagnetic field of the earth (NPEMFE). The use of this new methodology managed to detect the fracture flow system rupture zones in the underground, also answered the questions about the deferent subsurface water bodies. The present study focuses on Marsaba-Feshcha sub-basin in the northeast of the Dead Sea. Due to the scarcity of boreholes in the study area, several geophysical methods were implanted. The combination of these two methods (VES and NPEMFE) with the field observations and East-West transversal faults with the coordination (624437/242888) was determined, cutting through the anticlines with their mainly impervious cores with fracture length of >400 m. These transversal faults saddle inside Nabi Musa syncline (Boqea syncline), leading to a hydraulic connection between the Lower and the Upper Aquifer. Due to the identified transversal fault, the water of the Upper and Lower Aquifer mixed and emerged as springs at Ein Feshcha group.

Application of geophisical method for cadastre registration of recreational territories

Despite the presence of normative fixed procedure, regulating the information exchange between town-planning and state land cadastres, there is the problem of interaction between these two systems. One of the problems is associated with insufficient informativeness of the land cadastre system. The land cadastre system lacks the data on territorial zoning by the state of engineering-geological environment that complicates making decisions on rational use of land resources of territories. The state of engineering-geological environment can be assessed by various methods. One of the most appropriate methods in terms of its informativeness, easiness in conducting researches and reliability of information obtained is the method of the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF). The paper gives the example of using the ENPEMF method for assessing the effect of engineering-geological factors on the plot of territory. Proposals on classification and registration of territorial zones of engineering-geological factors action in the land cadastre system were given.