Natural Occurrence Of Ochratoxin Research Articles

Nephrotoxic fungi in foods from nephropathy households in Bulgaria

The Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. associated with 83 samples of foods from Bulgarian households, most of which had a history of Balkan endemic nephropathy, have been defined. Penicillium aurantiogriseum was the most common species of this genus and all isolates tested were acutely nephrotoxic in the rat. P. verrucosum , a species normally associated with ochratoxin A biosynthesis in Europe, was rare and all isolates failed to elaborate ochratoxin A in pure culture. Several isolates of P. citrinum produced abundant citrinin when moulding moist shredded wheat, but such had no acute effect on rat kidneys. One apparently unique Penicillium isolate, best assigned to P. solitum , produced ochratoxin A in pure culture. Aspergilli of the flavus and glaucus groups were common, but A. ochraceus was relatively uncommon and no isolate produced more than a trace of ochratoxin A in pure culture. Beans, maize and other cereals generally contained no detectable ochratoxin A ( −1 ). One apparently sound maize sample containing 153 g ochratoxin A kg −1 did not contain A. ochraceus but two ochratoxinogenic fungi were isolated, which best conformed to P. viridicatum and P. griseofulvum . Seeds containing these fungi accounted for most of the ochratoxin A in the whole sample. The natural occurrence of ochratoxin A in food in the region is ascribed mainly to fungi which do not fit the current concept of ochratoxinogenic penicillia, but the low general natural incidence both of ochratoxinogenic fungi and also of ochratoxin A in the present study hardly supports the popular putative epidemiological role of ochratoxin A in the highly mosaic distribution of Balkan endemic nephropathy.

The natural occurrence of ochratoxin A and its effects in poultry. A review

The gross lesions and microscopic changes in ochratoxicosis A in turkeys and fowls are described. The changes seen at the ultrastructural level in the kidney are considered diagnostic of ochratoxic...

The natural occurrence of ochratoxin A and its effects in poultry. A review

SummaryOchratoxin A (OA), a potent nephrotoxic mycotoxin, can contaminate a wide range of animal and human food products. Spontaneously-occurring OA-induced nephropathy has been recorded in natural field outbreaks in poultry from many countries.Aspergillus ochraceus, the main OA-forming fungus, has been isolated from stored grains and from a wide variety of food and feedstuffs, but the total extent OA contamination of food and feedstuffs cannot be assessed quantitatively. The extensive literature on the subject reviewed in this paper is an indication of the widespread nature of the problem.The symptoms reported in experimental ochratoxicosis A are described in detail.

Note on the Natural Occurrence of Ochratoxin A

Journal Article Note on the Natural Occurrence of Ochratoxin A Get access Odette L Shotwell, Odette L Shotwell Northern Regional Research Laboratory,1 Peoria, 111. 61604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C W Hesseltine, C W Hesseltine Northern Regional Research Laboratory,1 Peoria, 111. 61604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Marion L Goulden Marion L Goulden Northern Regional Research Laboratory,1 Peoria, 111. 61604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Volume 52, Issue 1, 1 January 1969, Pages 81–83, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/52.1.81 Published: 01 February 2020 Article history Received: 21 October 1968 Published: 01 February 2020