Extraction Of Natural Dye Research Articles

Efficiency enhancement of natural cocktail dyes in a TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cell and performance of electron kinetics on the TiO2 surface

In this study, natural dye extracts were prepared from the dried leaves of Andrographis paniculata and Psidium guajava (APPG). The study’s objective was to increase the light harvesting phenomenon from solar energy utilizing natural dye from APPG, and the problem statement was to harvest the optimum solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy. Acetone and ethanol were used as solvents during the preparation process. Based on this research, the crystallite size of TiO2 nanoparticles was assessed, the impact of acetone and ethanol on APPG dye was compared, and the absorption, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectra of the solar cell fabrication process using solvents were experimentally explored. APPG leaf extract functions as a dye sensitizer. Cells are precisely sandwiched with a photoanode, TiO2 nanoparticles, an electrolyte (I/I3−), and a cathode. The JV properties of dye extracts utilizing acetone and ethanol were measured using a solar simulator equipped with a 100 mW/cm2 Xenon light and a Keithley 2400 Graphical Series SMU. An experimental DSSC with dye extraction and utilizing acetone solvent yielded a maximum photo-conversion efficiency of 0.6914%, while ethanol yielded a photo-conversion efficiency of 0.5630%. Furthermore, an energy-level diagram was used to explain the electron kinetics of DSSC, and the time required for transfer electron injection in the TiO2 surface from a dye-excited state was 150 ps.

Microwave-assisted sustainable exploration of cocklebur leaves (Xanthium strumarium L.) as a novel source of distinct yellow natural colorant for dyeing cotton fabric.

During current times, the use of bio-colorants attained public acceptance as a sustainable alternative to synthetic ones which in turn reduced the environmental contamination. The present study focused on the green, safe, and clean technology for the resurgence of natural colorant from cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) leaves and their application to cotton fabric. Natural colorants were extracted by employing an eco-friendly microwave-assisted extraction process using an aqueous and alkaline medium. Dyeing of cotton fabric was carried out using irradiated and unirradiated cotton fabric with irradiated and unirradiated natural dyes of cocklebur leaves. The results of extraction experiments revealed that 4min microwave-assisted alkaline extract exhibited significantly outstanding color strength onto microwave-treated cotton fabric compared to aqueous one. Further to investigate the optimum dyeing conditions for cotton fabric, various dyeing variables such as dyeing time, dyeing temperature, dye concentration, and exhausting agent were monitored and found a superior result using a dye concentration of 45ml, for dyeing cotton fabric at 75°C for 50min in the presence of 4g/100ml of table salt. For improvement in color strength and color fastness properties, the effects of various bio-mordants, such as eucalyptus bark, acacia bark, turmeric rhizome, and onion shells, and chemical mordants (aluminum and copper) on dyed cotton fabric were also evaluated. It was also observed that cotton fabric dyed with alkaline extract of cocklebur leaves using bio-mordants as pre-mordants (4% acacia, 4% eucalyptus, 2% onion) and post-mordants (3% onion, 3% eucalyptus, 4% acacia) exhibited the highest color strength and various hues with acceptable colorfastness properties against light, washing, and rubbing in comparison to chemical mordants. The ISO standard for fastness also revealed that bio-mordanting has enhanced the rating from good to excellent in comparison to chemical mordants. The results provide ample scope for the extraction of yellow natural dye from the cocklebur leaves for eco-friendly coloration of fabrics using bio-mordants.

Investigation on electrochemical analysis of ZnO nanoparticles and its performance for dye-sensitized solar cells using various natural dyes

The dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated using five different dyes extracted from the Ixora flower, Pongame leaves, Neem leaves, Pongame leaves, and Almond fruit. ZnO nanoparticle has been prepared via the solvothermal method. The prepared samples were characterized by structural properties of XRD, FE-SEM EDAX, and HR-TEM, Optical properties of UV–Visible and FTIR studies, and Conductivity studies of EIS spectra. The effect of natural dye extract from chlorophyll and anthocyanin pigment group was investigated for the performance of J-V characterization. The efficiency of almond extract of solar cells is found to be better than that of the other four solar cells.

Fluorescence Quantum Yields and Lifetimes of Aqueous Natural Dye Extracted from Tradescantia pallida purpurea at Different Hydrogen Potentials

In this work, we monitored the fluorescence quantum efficiency (η) and the fluorescence lifetime (τ) of natural dye extracts from the leaves of Tradescantia pallida purpurea. The natural dye was extracted from leaves in aqueous solutions as a function of the potential of hydrogen (pH). The η was determined from conical diffraction (CD) pattern measurements due to thermally-driven self-phase modulation. The fluorescence spectra and time-resolved fluorescence measurements corroborate the CD results, and the average η ≈ 0.28 and τ ≈ 3.1 ns values were obtained in the pH range 3.96–8.02. In addition, the extracted natural dye was tested as a possible colorimetric and/or fluorometric pH indicator in milk.

Phytochemical analysis and extraction of natural dyes from mulberry leaves

Phytochemical analysis and extraction of natural dyes from mulberry leaves

Butea monosperma, crown of thorns, red lantana camara and royal poinciana flowers extract as natural dyes for dye sensitized solar cells with improved efficiency

The cost-effective and eco-friendly natural dyes are sustainable alternatives to synthetically prepared ruthenium-based dyes. This study aims to explore the effect of natural dyes extracted from four different flowers on improving solar cell efficiency. The natural dyes are extracted from butea monosperma (BM), crown of thorns (CT), red lantana camara (RL) and royal poinciana flowers (RP). The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were constructed using TiO2 nanorods (NRs) and light-harvesting natural dyes. Highly ordered and vertically oriented TiO2 NRs arrays were synthesized on FTO substrate and used as photoanode to fabricate natural dye based DSSCs. TiO2 NRs facilitate the infiltration of the liquid-state electrolyte and good binding with dye molecules; their one-dimensional structural feature provides effective charge transport. A significant improvement in the photo conversion efficiency (PCE) of TiO2 NRs sensitized and light-harvesting natural dye-based DSSCs has been observed. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the TiO2 photoanode as well as the optical properties of the extracted dyes were studied using characterization techniques. The PCE of DSSCs based on natural dye extracts from BM, CT, RL and RP flowers were observed to be 2.89%, 1.20%, 1.02% and 0.72%, respectively. This work reports the highest PCE (2.89%) to date for DSSC fabricated using BM flower-based natural dyes; therefore, it can be a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes.

Ir Spectroscopy Studies of the Textile Materials Structures With Natural Dyes

The scientific study examines the functional groups of the oregano shell dye for dyeing textile materials , the expansion of color capabilities and capabilities capable of resisting microorganisms . The aim of the study is to create a natural additive to save resources , environmentally friendly , natural coloring products , easy to manufacture and use manufacturing technology . Extraction of the walnut shell is necessary when dyeing and finishing fabrics and textiles . At the present stage , it is relevant to obtain and study natural dyes for textile materials . The use of natural dyes will improve the hygienic properties of products and increase the environmental friendliness of the finishing process . Thanks to the active extraction of natural dyes and expanded color shades , the possibilities of introducing natural dyes into the textile industry in the future are high . This is due to the fact that the raw material base is extensive , and the compliance of natural dyes with international environmental standards , as well as one of the priorities provided for by the strategy , is the rational use of natural raw materials . IR spectroscopic studies of textile materials using the developed dyes were carried out in the work . To improve the quality of dyeing and chemical properties , various modifying components were added to the dyes . The use of the resulting coloring agent in the dyeing of textile fibers will replace the import of synthetic textile dyes .

Improving Stability of Anthocyanin Extracted from Ipomoea batatas by Co-pigmentation

Public awareness of the dangers of using synthetic dyes has started to boost the prestige of natural dyes. The limitation of natural dyes is one of the causes of the limited use of natural dyes commercially. This research utilized purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) as a source of anthocyanins. The purpose of this study was the stabilization of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato through the co-pigmentation process. The first stage is the extraction of natural anthocyanin dyes from purple sweet potatoes using the microwave-assisted method, then stabilization of anthocyanins through a co-pigmentation process with variations in the addition of arabic gum, Fe-Alginate, and catechins at various concentrations as Total Anthocyanin Content (TAC), and stability test. The higher the concentration value of the co-pigmenting agent added to the extract, the higher the color shift, indicated by a decrease in the TAC value. The best copigmentation was obtained with green tea containing catechin concentration of 0.01 ml green tea/20 ml extract. with a TAC value of 0.1499 mg/L. Stabilization test against storage, co-pigmentation with catechins in green tea gave the best stability. While the stability against heating and oxidation, co-pigmentation with gum arabic will stabilize the condition of anthocyanin extracts.

Extraction and Dyeing of Environmental friendly Natural dye from Tung leaves on wool fabrics and optimization of procedure for dyeing using Metallic mordants

The current study deals with the soaked wool fabrics dyed with natural dyes extracted from the leaves of Rhus parviflora. The optimization was carried out for the different variables: concentration of dye material, time for extraction of dye, dyeing time, concentration of mordants and methods of mordanting. Out of the three methods of mordanting, the best shades for dye were obtained using pre-mordanting with ferrous sulphate and potassium dichromate and post-mordanting with copper sulphate and stannous chloride. The colour fastness tests indicated that all samples change in colour on exposure to light. The light coloured samples were affected more rapidly as compared to the dark ones. The Tung leaf dyed samples exhibited fairly good to good fastness to light and the results of washing fastness tests showed that dyed samples had good to excellent fastness to washing.

Optimization of the natural dyes extraction (Madder and Wallonia oak) and Cotton Dyeing Using Microwave Irradiation

In this work, microwave irradiation was used to extract two dye plants (Quercus ithaburansis Decaisne and Rubia tinctorum L.) and to dye natural cotton. Using microwave (MW) energy, the extraction time for these plants and the dyeing time for organic cotton fabric were optimized. The colouring compounds were analysed in the extractions and dyed fabrics by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with a photodiode array detector (RP-HPLC PAD). CIEL*a*b* spectrophotometer measured the colour characteristics of all the dyed fabrics. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to image the dyed organic cotton fabrics. The colouristic and colourfastness properties of the dyed fabrics were investigated. According to the test results, it has been determined that the 5 minutes of extraction and dyeing time using with microwave irradiation method is very eligible. During these processes, energy and timesavings were achieved by eco-friendly MW irradiation and minimized cotton damage.

Towards a win-win chemistry: extraction of C.I. orange from Kamala fruit (Mallotus philippensis), and simultaneous exercise of its peels for the removal of Methylene Blue from water

Kamala fruit (Mallotus philippensis), hereinafter MP, has been simultaneously exercised for the extraction of a natural dye, C.I. orange and its peels were converted into an efficient adsorbent for the rapid removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The material has been characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR),Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy- Electron dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and pHZPC. FTIR suggests the presence of polyphenolic moieties responsible for adsorption, whereas FESEM confirms the porous texture. Optimization of process variables such as contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature of operation indicates that the adsorption gets modulated by the pH, with a best at 11. The Freundlich model (R2 = 0.994), and pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.999) best describe the adsorption pathway. Dilute hydrochloric acid is sufficient to induce >66% regeneration, which ensures reusability. With the maximal uptake for MB is 30.2 mg/g at ambient conditions, the superiority over the existing materials has been confirmed. Treatment of dye containing industrial effluent suggests about a 50% reduction in one cycle. It can be concluded that both-way benefits, namely natural dye extraction and preparation of a peel-based adsorbent for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution, can be achieved using the kamala fruit peels.

Comprehensive assessment of the Calotropis procera natural dye extracts with weather effects for photovoltaic solar cell manufacturing

Comprehensive assessment of the <i>Calotropis procera</i> natural dye extracts with weather effects for photovoltaic solar cell manufacturing

FT-IR Analysis of Beta vulgaris Peels and Pomace Dye Extracts and Surface Analysis of Optimally Dyed-Mordanted Cellulosic Fabrics

FT-IR spectroscopy is a nondestructive technique that can be utilized for the qualitative characterization of natural dyes and dyed substrates through structure elucidation. This work aimed at the characterization of natural dye extract from Beta vulgaris peels and pomaces and surface analysis of optimally dyed-mordanted cotton (cellulosic) fabric using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, as well as colour fastness tests (light, washing, rubbing, and perspiration). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed in the optimization of dyeing temperature (T), time (t), and pH, as well as applying the relative percent change in colour strength (ΔE) of dyed fabrics as the response. The natural mordants (tannic acid-alum) were compared with synthetic mordants (K2Cr2O7, FeSO4, and CuSO4) using the three mordanting methods. The optimized dyeing parameters were T (55°C), t (75 minutes), and pH (6.5), as a result of comparatively high relative % ΔE (11%). The FT-IR analysis of the extract revealed different characteristic absorption peak values for various functional groups: 3282.82 cm−1 (–OH stretch), 2932.96 cm−1 (C–H stretch), and 1588.91 cm−1 (C=N stretch), among others. The C=N bond stretch biomarks the presence of nitrogen-containing compounds such as the reddish betanin pigments. p &gt; 0.05 of the dyeing parameters implied that they are not significant but affect dyeing probably alongside other factors such as mordanting. The spectral analysis of bleached and optimally dyed (nonmordanted and mordanted) fabrics revealed varied peaks indicating different functional groups suggesting the presence of cellulose and the binding of mordants with chromophores in the dye extract which yield different shades. Postmordanting showed mean ratings of 4-5 (excellent) among all fastness tests, displayed by tannic acid-alum, FeSO4, and CuSO4. Generally, mordanting resulted in enhanced dye stability and improved colour fastness. To identify specific chromophores in dye extracts and their molecular configurations due to mordants, advanced FT-IR hyphenated systems can be employed.

Sustainable eco-friendly extraction of yellow natural dye from haar singhar (Nyctanthes arbor-tritis) for bio coloration of cotton fabric.

The revival of natural dyes in different walks of life is due to stringent environmental standards imposed by many associations. For current studies, flowers of haar singhar (Nyctanthes arbor-tritis) has been chosen for bio-dyeing of cotton fabric using microwave irradiation techniques. For this purpose, liquid extracts and fabrics were exposed to microwave for 5 min at various conditions. These treated and un-treated dye extracts obtained in respective media were employed to dye the radiated and non-radiated cotton fabrics. The characterization of extract and untreated and undyed irradiated fabrics samples was done through FTIR. Different dyeing variables were optimized under CCD response surface methodology as a statistical tool. With the introduction of new shades and improvement of colorfastness properties, different concentrations of sustainable chemical and bio-mordant were employed. All dyed cotton fabrics were exposed to CIE-color space system for estimation of color coordinates and color strength by using spectra flash SF600 and to rate colorfastness properties using ISO standard methods for light, dry and wet rubbing, washing fastness. Cotton fabric was dyed with haar singhar flower extract of 7 pH from 4 g of powder, using 1.5 g/100 mL salt solution at 60 °C for 30 min. To get acceptable shades, aqueous extract after microwave treatment for 4 min provided excellent color strength. Pistachio (K/S = 3.6342) is a bio-mordant with great results, and aluminum (K/S = 4.8205) is a chemical mordant with outstanding results. It is found that green methods for isolation of colorant and green mordants for getting new shades should be employed.

Extraction of Natural Dyes from Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and their Application on Polylactic Acid Fiber

This research presents an eco-friendly approach towards Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The current study is based on the optimization of the dyeing process of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) fiber using with natural dyes of turmeric extractions by using Soxhlet extraction technique. The dyeing process was carried out by using Daelim Starlet III, which is an infrared dyeing machine. Three independent variables were selected, including pH, time, and temperature. According to the standard test protocols, dyed samples were evaluated for color strength (K/S), CIELab values, fiber tenacity, and fiber elongation. ANOVA test results of the Linear Model exhibited that the model terms have a significant effect on K/S and the physical strength of fiber. Moreover, the observed values were in agreement with the predicted values and the suggested equation model was satisfactory and accurate. A temperature of 100 °C with pH 5 and time duration of 30 minutes in the dyeing process were observed to achieve optimum dyed PLA fibers, exhibiting appreciable strength and elongation. Lastly, dyed fibers exhibited satisfactory color fastness ratings.&#x0D; Index Terms: color strength, exhaustion, natural dyeing, polylactic acid fiber, turmeric

Matrix Method of Determining Optical Energy Bandgap of Natural Dye Extracts

In this paper, a total of fourteen dye extracts from different plants’ parts (flowers and fruits) were extracted. Absorbance of light by dye extracts with 5%, 10% and 20%concentrationsweremeasured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at different wavelengths. A system of linear equations in terms of wavelength and absorbance without film thickness was developed and solved using MATLAB software. Also, optical energy bandgap (Eg) obtained experimentally are at range of 1.77- 2.76 eV. From the solutions of the system of equations, the (Eg) of the natural dyes were obtained. The results show all the dye extracts have (Eg) in the range 1.34-2.09 eV which falls within the range of UV and IR portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also, the results reveal that sunflower (Helianthus) dye has the smallest (Eg) of 1.34 eV and guava (Guajava) peel dye with the higher (Eg) of 2.09 eV. This means Helianthus dye absorbs more light over a wider part of the electromagnetic spectrum and the easier electron transfer from its valence band to the conduction band. The values obtained via matrix method are in agreement with the experimental values with slight deviation, hence this validates the matrix method of obtaining optical energy bandgaps.

Kajian suhu ekstraksi panas dan konsentrasi bunga telang kering terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik pudding

Pudding is well known as nutritious food and popular for all ages of consumers. One of determinant factors of consumer acceptance is food color, particularly in using natural colorants. Colored pudding was more attractive than colorless, especially by using natural dyes. Blue is one of the colors that attracting consumers. It can be extracted from dried butterfly pea flower (telang in Indonesian). The hot method extraction was the simplest natural dye extraction for household-scale industries. This study was aimed to determine the affected of the hot extraction temperature and the concentration of dried telang flower on the quality of pudding. The observed parameters were total anthocyanin content and color properties in terms of L*a*b. Sensory testing was used to evaluate color, taste, aroma, and texture preferences. The result showed that the interaction of the the treatments had a significant impact on the anthocyanin content, b* value, and panelists’ preference for color. The dried telang concentration affected brightness value (L*) and a* value. The concentration of telang flowers increased, resulting in a reduction in L* value. Also, a* value was affected by heat extraction temperature. Friedman ’s test result showed that the treatments only had a significant effect on the panelists' preference for color. The panelists have very liked the color of pudding with heat extraction temperature 80 0 C and concentration of dried telang flower 0.10%. The color was greenish-blue. This study recommend that dried telang flower can potentially as a pudding natural color.

Optical Limiting Properties of the Natural Dye Extract from Alternanthera brasiliana Leaves

Optical Limiting Properties of the Natural Dye Extract from Alternanthera brasiliana Leaves

An Overview of Natural Dyes Extraction Techniques for Valuable Utilization on Textile Fabrics

An Overview of Natural Dyes Extraction Techniques for Valuable Utilization on Textile Fabrics

DSSCs based on ZnO photoelectrodes sensitized with natural dyes extracted from the bark of Brazil and Taray

We report the extraction of natural dyes from Brazil and Taray bark, the impregnation of these dyes in thin films of ZnO synthesized via sol-gel method and deposited by Doctor Blade and finally the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The ZnO/dyes structures were characterized using UV-Visible and infrared spectroscopy. The analysis of the infrared spectra shows that the semiconductors impregnated with the extracted dyes exhibit the characteristic of dye anchorage in ZnO. The photovoltaic performance and efficiency of the assembled DSSCs was evaluated.