Natural Climatic Conditions Research Articles

Adaptation-acclimatization issues of introduced Holstein cattle in Georgia

The presented article introduces the issues of adaptation and acclimatization of the introduced Holstein breed in the intensive farming zone of the Kakheti region in Georgia. In particular, the results of the research regarding the factors that are foremost for the Holstein breed’s successful breeding in the local natural climate conditions are highlighted. Specifically, physiological indicators of adaptation, clinical status, and milk productivity after giving birth based on data from three lactations and milk composition were studied on cattle introduced during our study. We also studied the indicators of food convention. Based on the results obtained from the research and the conclusions drawn, practical suggestions and recommendations were developed for the correct management of fodder nutrition for the cows during heat stress. This is a valuable material for farmers and enables them to conduct targeted activities effectively.

Naked neck gene and intermittent thermal manipulations during embryogenesis improve posthatch performance and thermotolerance in slow-growing chickens under tropical climates

Many studies have shown that thermal manipulations during the incubation (TMI) and naked neck gene (Na) positively affect heat-stressed broilers' thermotolerance, hatching process, and posthatch performance. Their combination could increase the beneficial effect on broilers reared under natural tropical climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Na gene and TMI on hatching and posthatch performance of slow-growing broilers under tropical climates. The study included 1,200 hatching eggs from 2 different crosses: 1) females and males, both with a normal or fully feathered neck (na na group), and 2) females (with a normal neck) and males (bare neck) (Na na group), incubated in similar conditions until d 7. Thereafter, they were assigned to 3 subgroups for each cross: the control group (C) was incubated at standard incubation conditions (37.8°C, 60% RH). The TMI-1 group was subjected to TMI-1 (T=38.5°C, RH=65%, E10-18, 6 h/d) and TMI-2 group to TMI-2 (T=39.5°C, RH=65%, E7-16, 12 h/d). Between 450 and 504 h of incubation, eggs were checked for hatching events. During the posthatch phase, chicks from each incubation subgroups (Na na-C, Na na-TMI-1, Na na-TMI-2, na na-C, na na-TMI-1, na na-TMI-2) were raised for 12 wk at a tropical natural ambient temperature. Hatchability, hatching time, chick's temperature, final body weight (FBW), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. The results revealed that the Na gene reduced (P ˂ 0.05) hatchability. The control group had the highest mortality rate compared to TMI-1 and TMI-2 groups. There was an interaction between genotype and TMI on incubation duration, hatching weight, chick quality, FBW, and FCR (P ˂ 0.05). In conclusion, the Na gene influenced the effects of thermal manipulation. TMI-1 combined with Na gene improved the productive performances of broilers in a tropical climate.

The Effect of Natural and Anthropogenic Climate Changes on River Runoff and Snow Water Equivalent in the Lena River Basin

The hydrological models ECOMAG and HBV were used to calculate the characteristics of river flow and snow Water Equivalent in the Lena River basin. The input data included the meteorological observations and the results of calculations with global climate models with the implementation of scenarios of natural climate conditions, taking into account the anthropogenic effect on climate. The calculations were made for a historical period (1970–1999) and up to the end of the XXI century. Hydrological models for several hydrometric gages in the Lena basin were calibrated and verified. The simulation of the annual and seasonal runoff using the climate model data was evaluated by comparison with observation data. According to the results using numerical experiments over the historical period, the increase in the Lena runoff is mostly due to natural climate variations. Conversely, in the XXI century, the anthropogenic climate changes determine the specific features of the regime of river runoff and snow cover. The warming caused by an increase in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere leads to an increase in snow water equivalent and transformation of the hydrological regime in the area, in particular, to an earlier beginning of active snow melting (up to two weeks) and higher maximal discharges during spring flood. At the same time, the volume of runoff decreases in the summer and increases in the autumn and winter.

İzmir'de kentleşmenin neden olduğu kent ekosistemi ve yerel iklim değişikliklerinin uzun süreli KIA oluşumu açısından STG yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi

Even if urbanization offers various opportunities to people living in todays world. It also comes with some side effects such as worsening climate conditions by creating thermal pollution due to certain urban activities, sectoral urban designs and consequent patterns in cities. In local sense, the old climatic conditions beforete the change because of urbanization in rural areas can be called natural when they are compared with new conditions deteriorated by widespread urbanization. Thus, thermal pollution changes city’s local climate over time and negatively affects city’s resilience. Here in this research, it is determined themperature related local climate variation caused by specific city activities in the city of Izmir by analysing time series thermal data distribution over the entire city over a certain period of time and for this analyse even a novel approach is introduced and suggested which is a Simulated Single Image (SSI) method based on Simulated Single Data (SSD) statistical analyze. The method uses not only trend or average values of time series data as being as usual but it uses both and also standart deviation of the data to support a single output from the time series data analyse. Thus, outputs were obtained as single images from the the LANDSAT time series data to represent where generally Urban Hot Spots (UHS) appear and Urban Heat Islands (UHI) develop in the city. Stereo representation of the study region is also used to visually examine the topographical effect on UHI distribution in the city. Izmir which is the third mostly populated city of Turkey located on the Izmir Gulf of Egean Sea is chosen as study area and the study clearly demonstrated that industrial regions and roads with large surfaces, bare lands with sparse bushes, empty or sparse grassy urban lands and more significantly the urban land parts faced to certain directions are the main urban land cover and structure types contributing UHSs to appear and UHI developments in the city.

Mitigating Seasonality in Uzbekistan's Tourism Sector: Impacts and Countermeasures

This research undertakes a comprehensive examination of seasonality in Uzbekistan's tourism services market, with the ultimate goal of devising strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. Utilizing methods such as logical reasoning, deductive analysis, and statistical as well as economic analyses, the study explores various factors influencing seasonality in tourism. These factors include natural-climatic conditions, economic solvency, social timing, demographic demand, psychological elements, logistics development, and service quality. The analysis categorizes these variables into primary (natural-climatic) and secondary (all remaining) influences. Our results indicate that 94.9% of foreign tourists to Uzbekistan in the first quarter of 2022 were from CIS countries, reflecting a marked decrease in tourist arrivals, particularly from non-CIS countries, attributable to pandemic-induced flight restrictions and quarantine measures. This downturn underscores the urgency for strategic interventions to minimize seasonality's negative impact on Uzbekistan's tourism economy, thereby improving the country's tourism sector's resilience against external shocks.
 Highlights:
 
 
 
 
 Seasonality in tourism is driven by diverse factors, both primary and secondary.
 Pandemic-led measures triggered an 80.3% plunge in Uzbekistan's foreign tourist arrivals in Q1 2021.
 Strategic actions to minimize seasonality's impact can boost the resilience of Uzbekistan's tourism sector.
 
 Keywords: Seasonality, Uzbekistan, Tourism Sector, Mitigation Strategies, Pandemic Impact.
 
 

Sunlight and marine weathering of poly(oxymethylene): Evolution of the physico-chemical properties

Plastic pollution is now an environmental problem that affects all environmental compartments. The study of plastic degradation in terrestrial, marine and other freshwater environments is emerging. Research is mainly focused on plastic fragmentation into microplastics. In this contribution, an engineering polymer, poly(oxymethylene) (POM), was studied under different weathering conditions using physico-chemical characterization techniques. A POM homopolymer and a POM copolymer were characterized by electron microscopy, tensile tests, DSC, infrared spectroscopy and rheometry tests after climatic and marine weathering or artificial UV/water spray cycles. Natural climatic conditions were the most favorable for POM degradation, especially under solar UV, as evidenced by the strong fragmentation into microplastics when subjected to artificial UV cycles. The evolution of properties with exposure time was found to be non-linear under natural conditions, in contrast to artificial conditions. Two main stages of degradation were evidenced by the correlation between strain at break and carbonyl indices.

Climate Change Impacts on Surface Heat Fluxes in a Deep Monomictic Lake

AbstractTurbulent and radiative energy exchanges between lakes and the atmosphere play an important role in determining the process of lake‐mixing and stratification, including how lakes respond to climate and to climate change. Here we used a one‐dimensional hydrodynamic lake model to assess seasonal impacts of climate change on individual surface heat flux components in Lough Feeagh, Ireland, a deep, monomictic lake. We drove the lake model with an ensemble of outputs from four climate models under three future greenhouse gas scenarios from 1976 to 2099. In these experiments, the results showed significant increases in the radiative budget that were largely counteracted by significant increases in the turbulent fluxes. The combined change in the individual surface heat fluxes led to a change in the total surface heat flux that was small, but sufficient to lead to significant changes in the volume‐weighted average lake temperature. The largest projected changes in total surface heat fluxes were in spring and autumn. Both spring heating and autumnal cooling significantly decreased under future climate conditions, while changes to total surface heat fluxes in winter and summer were an order of magnitude lower. This led to counter‐intuitive results that, in a warming world, there would be less heat not more entering Lough Feeagh during the springtime, and little change in net heating over the summer or winter compared to natural climate conditions, projected increases in the volume‐weighted average lake temperature were found to be largely due to reduced heat loss during autumn.

Biological value of green amaranth mass and its use in composition of combined silos for young pigs

Every year in Ukraine and around the world, the demand for grain products increases, which leads to increased competition between humans and animals. The increase in global grain prices makes livestock production more expensive and less profitable. In turn, the change in natural climatic conditions, the shortage of energy resources prompts scientists to search for fodder crops that would be high-yielding, cheap, biologically complete, ecologically clean, able to effectively influence the productivity of animals and replace part of grain fodder. Today, the climatic conditions of the Polissia region, selection and advanced technologies ensure the growth of the cultivation of rare fodder crops. In addition, there is growing interest in introduced plants and the introduction process itself. These are high-yielding plants with a high content of biologically complete protein, capable of forming powerful biomass in a short growing season and being resistant to adverse environmental factors. Studying the results of research on the use of nontraditional crops, which include the amaranth family (Amaranthus L), in our opinion, the issue of finding scientifically based types of pig feeding using cheap and highly nutritious juicy fodder is of great importance. In order to realize this goal, the following tasks were set: to investigate the phenological parameters, yield and chemical composition of the green mass of amaranth according to the phases of growth and development; develop silage recipes and determine the optimal amount of amaranth green mass in the composition of combined silages for fattening young pigs. When developing recipes for combined silages, we followed the following requirements: combined silage should have a high energy value of about 4 MJ in one kilogram of feed; the content of digestible protein per feed unit is 80-100 g and the optimal amount of organic acids. It was established that the maximum yield of amaranth green mass (245.5 t/ha) and the yield of dry matter (62.5 t/ha) was obtained in the phase of wax maturity. It is advisable to include 20-26% of the green mass of amaranth in the composition of combined silos in the conditions of the Polissia of Ukraine and feed it to pigs for fattening from 55% to 75% in terms of total nutrition. Key words: pigs, green mass, productivity, nutrients, feeding.

牧草种子喷播机喷筒内流场及其对喷播质量影响研究

The objective of ecological restoration and rehabilitation of grasslands is to recreate the original appearance of damaged or degraded vegetation. From previous research, the pneumatic spraying technology is now more commonly used in the world for vegetation restoration. Pneumatic spraying is relatively inexpensive and causes little damage to the original vegetation, making it one of the most effective techniques for restoring natural grassland vegetation under natural climatic conditions. In this paper, the effect of the spraying machine pipe working airflow on the quality of spraying was studied through simulation analysis and experimental tests. The seeding area of the spraying machine corresponding to different values of the pipe inlet airflow speed was determined. The conclusions show that: 1) the spray pipe inlet airflow velocity has a great influence on the uniformity of spraying. When the airflow velocity is higher than 55 m/s, the spraying is not uniform, while the airflow velocity is lower than 45 m/s, the spraying amplitude is smaller, the operational efficiency is low, which is not conducive to the restoration of degraded grasslands; 2) considering the uniformity of spraying and operational efficiency, the airflow velocity at the inlet of the spray pipe should be between 45 and 55 m/s when the spraying machine is in operation. The seed drop area is changed, by adjusting the airflow velocity of the spray pipe inlet, and the reseeding and leakage area of the seed drop area is reduced, so that the spraying performance of the spraying machine is optimized.

Are Water Level Fluctuations and Pelagic Water Quality in Lake Kinneret Directly Related? Perspectives of Nutrient Dynamics

Long-term records of Water Level Fluctuations (WLF) and nutrient dynamics in Lake Kinneret have indicated an independence between them. The winter’s high WLF with nutrient-rich conditions and the summer’s low WLF with nutrient-poor conditions are recurrent states. Are Water Level Fluctuations and Lake Kinneret’s pelagic water quality related directly or indirectly? Overall, the results found that WLF and nutrient dynamics in the pelagic zone of Lake Kinneret are not co-partners, but independent escorts. The common periodical (monthly) distribution of nutrient concentrations in the epilimnion of Lake Kinneret indicates that a 20 m deep epilimnion formed following a decline in water input, temperature, and evaporation elevation, resulting in the decline of WL. There was a seasonal correlation between summer’s natural conditions and pelagic nutrients’ deficiency. Low WL in summer is the result of natural subtropical climate conditions, whilst dry or high rainfall seasons induce water input modification and consequently, the WL decline of nutrient inputs and independent followers.

Analysis of Landscape Patterns Changes and Driving Factors of the Guangdong Chaoan Fenghuangdancong Tea Cultural System in China

Guangdong Chaoan Fenghuangdancong Tea (GCFT) Cultural System is the second batch of China’s Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS), identified by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2014 as having rich biodiversity, valuable knowledge of indigenous technology, and unique ecological and cultural landscape. Under the dual background of rapid urbanization and agricultural industry structure transformation, China-NIAHS-GCFT is facing the reality of structural changes in land use/cover and landscape patterns. Therefore, it is important to systematically portray land use/land cover (LULC) changes in China-NIAHS-GCFT sites and clarify the spatial pattern differences due to the impact of China-NIAHS-GCFT recognition on tea garden areas and the tea industry. This study was conducted in Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province, where GCFT is located, to compare and analyze the LULC characteristics of the core area of the heritage site (Chaoan, Chaozhou) and the control area (Raoping, Chaozhou) before and after recognition. We assessed the spatial variation in tea garden area and the intrinsic driving mechanisms of the change by integrating social factors, such as China-NIAHS-GCFT recognition, and natural factors, such as elevation, precipitation, and temperature. The results show that: (1) Around 2010, the change in LULC of the core and control areas progressed from slight changes to dramatic changes, mainly shifting from natural to anthropogenic landscapes. The decrease in the cropland and grassland and the increase in built-up land in the core area were obviously larger than those in the control area. (2) Before and after GCFT was recognized as China-NIAHS in 2014, the changing pattern of tea garden shifts from “basically stable and small growth” to a trend of “substantial expansion”. Specifically, the recognition brought about tea garden area expansion and tea industry development in the core area, especially Fenghuang. Meanwhile, a radiating effect extends to the control area, especially the townships adjacent to Fenghuang. (3) Similar natural climatic conditions of temperature and precipitation in the two regions provide a basic growing environment for tea trees; however, elevation was the key natural resource condition affecting the distribution of tea gardens. The elevation conditions of the core area are more suitable for growth of tea trees compared to the control area.

Defining marginality in the periurban areas of Quito

In Latin America, marginality is a complex phenomenon involving various geographically significant factors, including the critical, physical, social, and human aspects. Bouldering areas of cities are often excluded from infrastructural interventions and social policies. In the case of Andean countries such as Ecuador, marginality affects not only rural lands but also in-transition areas between different geographical regions, as in the case of mountainous and coastal zones. These regions are characterized by a wide range of natural resources and climate conditions, and because of their diversity and relative proximity to the major cities, they offer potential for sustainable development. Nonetheless, the lack of infrastructure affects the accessibility of these periurban areas and critically limits their interaction. Drawing on these elements, the paper seeks to investigate whether periurban areas can be considered marginal and what tools can depict an encompassing image of local marginality, stressing its advantages for the local community. Following this idea, the paper focuses on the case of Lloa, a large rural parish in the Metropolitan District of Quito (DMQ), to determine which criteria can better capture its marginality, considering it as a periurban in-transition area. The paper suggests a cross-discipline methodology to push the limits of the field through the review of a significant body of literature and a thorough qualitative and quantitative analysis of the case study. Finally, the paper emphasizes the inadequacy of the current forms of planning to effectively define the marginality of periurban areas as a whole in the region by reflecting on the case study and through an analysis of the existing land use plans.

A Review of the Progress and Potential of Energy Generation from Renewable Sources in Latin America

AbstractSustainable energy economics in Latin America has become relevant due to the region’s dependence on the oil market and the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review of the ten major economies in the region based on gross domestic product is conducted. We primarily analyze production performance of hydro, wind, and solar energies, in terms of total gigawatt hours produced, current participation levels in energy matrices, and total installed capacity. Current and future trends and legal frameworks for each technology and country are discussed. Our analyses indicate that Latin America and the Caribbean can potentially increase the usage of renewable energy sources given a plethora of natural resources, favorable geographical and climatic conditions, and existing large-scale hydro installations to counteract the inconsistency of wind and solar projects. Therefore, governments in the region must overhaul sustainable policies to increase awareness and reduce energy dependence on foreign powers.

Study on the effect of the green manure application on soil fertility

The natural soil and climatic conditions of green manure crops are taken into account. It is important to choose the types suitable for growing them for different purposes (as a main, repeated crop, animal feed, mulching), to increase the yield and quality of green manure crops, to achieve high green biomass by using optimal seeding periods and rootstock thicknesses. One of the urgent tasks is to carry out research in the priority areas such as increasing the soil fertility and cotton yield by crushing the cultivated green biomass and spreading it evenly on the field, plowing it into the soil at different times and depths. In order to increase soil fertility, the use of pure bean and colza and their mixtures as green manure has increased. The percentage of macroaggregates in the driving layer before the first irrigation increased by 13.0–13.45% compared to the control, and by 16.55–17.4% before the last irrigation. As a result, the volume mass of the soil is reduced to 0.02-0.04 g/cm3, and the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus (P2O5) and exchangeable potassium (K2O) in the form of ammonium (N-NH4) and nitrate (N-NO3) in the soil is lower than in the control-green manure and caused a slight increase compared to the option.

Peculiarities of skin and integumentary parameters of Orenburg goats of different types

Today, goat breeding is characterized by intensive development, the rapid development of technology, and an active increase in goat productivity. The genetic potential of under-hair goats allows to increase production, but certain limiting factors exist. Therefore, research is needed to identify and select goats with the highest productivity indicators. The article presents the results of research conducted in natural climatic conditions of the Orenburg region to study the peculiarities of skin and integumentary hands of goats of the Orenburg breed of different types (Orenburg, desirable and downy) to develop methods of improving the productive indicators of goats and the quality of goat breeding products. Studies were conducted in the Orenburg region’s agricultural production cooperative “Donskoy” Belyaevsky district. The resulting information determined the characteristics of the indicators of the skin and hairline and the level of productive qualities, depending on the individual genetic factors of goats. Also, this information will make it possible to determine the coat type’s effect on productivity indicators and contribute to developing a method for selecting Orenburg goats to realize their genetic potential during breeding. According to the results of individual chess, the authors received more under hair from down-type goats. They surpassed the Orenburg-type goats by 25.25% in this indicator, the desired type peers by 5.87%, and Group 2 individuals outperformed the Orenburg-type peers by 20.58%. Furthermore, it was found that there are specific intergroup differences in the elongation and tensile properties of down fibers.

Adaptation of breeding goats for the milk purposes to climate conditions

This article presents valuable opinions on the importation of purebred young goats from foreign countries and its impact on various aspects of dairy goat breeding. The importation of purebred young goats plays a significant role in the establishment of farm subjects specializing in dairy goat breeding. One aspect highlighted in the article is the importance of introducing purebred young goats to improve the genetic pool of local dairy goat populations. By bringing in high-quality genetics from foreign countries, dairy goat breeders can enhance the productivity, milk yield, and overall performance of their herds. This can lead to increased milk production and improved milk quality, benefiting the dairy industry as a whole. Furthermore, the article discusses the significance of adapting imported dairy goats to the local natural climatic conditions. Importing goats from foreign countries may expose them to different climates, which can impact their health and productivity. Proper adaptation measures are essential to ensure the well-being of these animals and their successful integration into the local environment. Moreover, the article explores clinical signs and morphological characteristics of blood in mother goats during the process of adaptation to the natural climatic conditions. Monitoring and understanding these physiological changes are crucial for ensuring the well-being and health of the mother goats, as well as the successful rearing of their offspring.

О ПРОБЛЕМЕ РАЗРАБОТКИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ОСНОВ ТЕОРИИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ГЕОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ И ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ГАЗООБМЕННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРИ ОТРАБОТКЕ УГОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ

The article is devoted to the problem of safe subsoil use of the Earth in the increasingly complex mining-geological and natural-climatic conditions, the increase in the depth and scale of the developed mineral deposits of various types and phase state. It is shown that in our country such achievements in the direction of fundamental and applied research and development are related to establishing general formation mechanisms and evolution features of focal zones of increased stress concentration and destruction rock masses and geomaterials with block-hierarchical and multiphased structure; these geomaterials have properties of open self-arranging geosystems in tectonic field of stress and strain. Based on modern achievements of non-linear geomechanics and geophysics, cloud information technologies of BigData, the new (energetic) methodological approach and corresponding methods have been justified, as well as technical (measuring) means and software complexes for formation multilayered geoinformation monitoring system for diagnostics control and prediction of industrial and ecological safety at strategically important mining areas in Siberia, which has been approved in field conditions (Kuzbass, Norilsk and Novosibirsk Region).

Growth of floating hook-moss (Warnstorfia fluitans) differs with nutrient and water flow adjustments in greenhouse and cold room conditions

Floating hook-moss (Warnstorfia fluitans) is a bryophyte growing in northern aquatic and peatland ecosystems. W. fluitans uptakes metals and excessive amounts of nitrogen from wastewater, which suggests that it may have commercial potential for use in phytoremediation. Optimization of growth conditions would allow artificial cultivation of floating hook moss in large quantities for phytoremediation applications. We tested how application of combined nutrient (NPK 7-2-2 ranging from 0.1 to 1 ml per liter of water) and water flow (ranging from 0.15 to 1.9 ml/min) treatments affect growth of W. fluitans in greenhouse conditions. At the end of the experiment, all treatment combinations were subjected to an additional cold room condition at low temperature (0–2 °C) without constant water flow. The moss generally produced biomass in the various treatment combinations. However, contrary to our expectations, we found that increase of nutrients and water flow had a negative effect on the growth of W. fluitans. The highest growth rates in the experiment were detected in the control unit that had no nutrient addition or applied water flow. Our results suggest that cold temperatures are beneficial for W. fluitans growth. Our results show that the commercial production of W. fluitans may not require nutrient or water flow manipulation, at least in the tested scale. Instead, the growth conditions should mimic the natural cold climate conditions of W. fluitans habitats in northern peatlands and/or spring ecosystems.

ОСНОВНІ ПРИРОДНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ЧИННИКИ РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКО-ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ РЕГІОНУ

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the main natural and economic factors that influence the development of the region's economic and environmental potential. These factors include natural resources, climatic conditions, geographical location, regional policy, socio-economic parameters, and socio-political aspects. Studying these factors is crucial for the development of the region and ensuring the sustainability of its economy and environment. The article carefully examines the impact of these natural and economic factors, taking into account their role in creating the basis for the development of various industries, such as agriculture, industry, tourism, and others. Another important aspect is the preservation of the environment and environmental sustainability, as well as ensuring the economic stability of the region. The article emphasizes the importance of a balance between the rational use of natural resources and environmental protection, as well as the positive and negative aspects of the impact of these factors on the development of the region. The authors of the article emphasize that the optimal use of natural resources and a balanced approach to regional development are important tasks for achieving sustainable development and improving the quality of life of the population. The article emphasizes the importance of preserving the environment and public health in the context of economic development. Possible positive and negative effects of these factors on the sustainability of the regional economy are considered. The article provides a clear and systematic overview of the natural and economic factors that affect the economic and environmental potential of a region and the importance of their analysis for the development of effective regional development strategies. Regions that rationally use their natural resources and preserve the environment have a better chance of sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life for their population.

Bioconversion of Bottom Sediments Using Mesophilic Prokaryotes of the Genus Bacillus spp.

The aim of the study was to develop a scientific and technical justification for the bioconversion of bottom sediments using mesophilic prokaryotes. The main component of the bottom sediment bioconversion technology includes microorganisms of the genus Bacillus spp., isolated in a pure culture from the microbial community of bottom sediments. Bacilli are highly resistant to natural (climatic) conditions, anthropogenic factors, elevated concentrations of pollutants and are able to adapt to their effects. As a result of the laboratory experiment, work was carried out on the selection of factors that ensure the intensity of microbial bioconversion of bottom sediments. In order to achieve the maximum effect from the enzymatic and biochemical activity of bacilli, kinetic characteristics associated with the achievement of maximum values of optical density, microbial cell concentration and growth rate were studied. After analyzing a number of the above indicators, it is concluded that the method of processing bottom sediments using mesophilic prokaryotes of the genus Bacillus spp. will allow in the future to obtain an environmentally friendly and mineral-saturated product for further use in the practice of crop production.