Natural Blue Dye Research Articles

Melacak Arti dan Makna Tarum, Tarumanagara, Ci Tarum, dan Pataruman melalui Pendekatan Linguistik, Sejarah, dan Budaya

The plant is called tarum in Sundanese, nila in Sanskrit and indigo in English. This plant is considered a source of inspiration for place naming (toponymy) in Sundanese landscape. Some of the places and natural phenomena that are considered to be inspired by the tarum plant are Ci Tarum as the largest river in Sundanese landscape, Tarumanagara as the kingdom with the oldest epigraphic evidence in landscape Sundanese, and Pataruman which is historically believed to be the center of tarum processing activities that produce natural blue dye. There are still other variations of names with the word tarum, such as Tarumajaya located in the southern area of Bandung in the upstream area of Ci Tarum and Banjar Patroman (Banjar Pataruman) located in the eastern area of Priangan, which is believed by the surrounding community to be one of the centers of tarum processing in the past. The naming of places and natural phenomena is an important linguistic phenomenon in the cultural aspects of Sundanese society that requires critical, fundamental and analytical analysis. Thus, conceptual precision that relies on the meaning and basic meaning of tarum as a working tool for disclosing information and knowledge that is more holistic and comprehensive, is expected to open up insights and provide valuable contributions regarding the cultural construction and historical aspects of Sundanese society in the past in landscape Sundanese more clearly and accurately.

Tryptophan-Based Hyperproduction of Bioindigo by Combinatorial Overexpression of Two Different Tryptophan Transporters.

Indigo is a valuable, natural blue dye that has been used for centuries in the textile industry. The large-scale commercial production of indigo relies on its extraction from plants and chemical synthesis. Studies are being conducted to develop methods for environment-friendly and sustainable production of indigo using genetically engineered microbes. Here, to enhance the yield of bioindigo from an E. coli whole-cell system containing tryptophanase (TnaA) and flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), we evaluated tryptophan transporters to improve the transport of aromatic compounds, such as indole and tryptophan, which are not easily soluble and passable through cell walls. Among the three transporters, Mtr, AroP, and TnaB, AroP enhanced indigo production the most. The combination of each transporter with AroP was also evaluated, and the combination of AroP and TnaB showed the best performance compared to the single transporters and two transporters. Bioindigo production was then optimized by examining the culture medium, temperature, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside concentration, shaking speed (rpm), and pH. The novel strain containing aroP and tnaB plasmid with tnaA and FMO produced 8.77 mM (2.3 g/l) of bioindigo after 66 h of culture. The produced bioindigo was further recovered using a simple method and used as a watercolor dye, showing good mixing with other colors and color retention for a relatively long time. This study presents an effective strategy for enhancing indigo production using a combination of transporters.

Production of bio-indigo dye by surmounting its physical and chemical insoluble nature

Indigo is a natural blue dye that has been in use for centuries. However, its insolubility in water and most organic solvents limits its application in various fields. In this study, we aimed to enhance the indigo production by surmounting its physical and chemical insolubility. To achieve this, a combination of genetic engineering, biotransformation optimization, and solubilization techniques has been employed. First, the indole-converting enzymes, flavin-containing monooxygenase (MaFMO) from Methylophaga aminisulfidivorans and toluene monooxygenase from Pseudomonas mendocina (PmT4MO), were tested and their expression was optimized, which allowed for the efficient conversion of indole to indigo via indoxyl. Next, to overcome the insolubility of indigo and facilitate indole/indigo transport through the cell membrane, organic solvents and detergent mixing were optimized. Genetic modification was attempted by introducing caveolae complex structures into the membrane to create a permanent indole/indigo transport system. Finally, inspired by wastewater treatment and indigo solubilization during the indigo-dyeing process, indigo adsorption and reduction were applied using an Amberlite XAD4 adsorption bead and thiourea dioxide reducing agent to achieve enhanced production of indigo, respectively. These counteracting strategies against the insoluble nature of indigo resulted in a significant increase in bio-indigo production, with 1.5 g/L produced from 15 mM indole, representing an increase of more than 300% compared with that of the initial production titer. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of indigo bioproduction and could lead to the development of more efficient methods for bio-dye production.

Sosialisasi Budidaya Tanaman Tarum (Indigofera) Di Lahan Kering Pada Kelompok Tani Bilubahan Desa Tapenpah Kecamatan Insana

Tarum (Indigofera ) is a plant that has high commodity value. It can produce a naturally blue color because it contains indican glycosides which are oxidized to indigo (alkaloid compounds). Tarum is included in the Fabaceae family, belonging to a leguminous tree species that has purple flower colors, used as a natural blue dye which is the result of extracting its leaves. This plant is easy to cultivate in dry land because it can improve soil fertility and increase the productivity of dry land. The cultivation of tarum plants is still relatively low, especially on dry land, due to the lack of knowledge of the local community about the potential and methods of cultivating tarum. In addition, tarum can be used as animal feed, tarum leaves are used as forage for animal feed because they contain high protein and nutrients for livestock, and are resistant to drought and disease. This socialization was done in the Bilubahan farmer group in Tapenpah Village, Insana District, North Central Timor Regency. The method used is counseling and the provision of educational materials that are easily accessible to the community of farmer groups, to increase knowledge, and skills and improve productivity and welfare of the community on dry land regarding tarum cultivation. The socialization was attended by the group leader and members of the Bilubahan farmer group, totaling 25 people, this activity went well and smoothly, and the result was that the community was interested and willing to do tarum cultivation.
 Keywords: Socialization, education, Tarum

Utilization of Indigofera Leaves as Natural Dyes for Silk Fabrics

Indigo is a natural blue dye produced from the leaves of the Indigofera plant, which is environmentally friendly and non-carcinogenic. This study aimed to determine the reduction potential value of molasses and brown sugar as reducing agents, to examine the effect of the hydrochloric acid concentrations and aeration time on the amount of indigo, and to test the fastness of rubbing against solar heat, dry, wet and acid on silk fabrics that were dyed by indigo with various fixators. To extract the indigo dye, the Indian glycosides contained in Indigofera leaves were hydrolyzed to indoxyl and glucose using hydrochloric acid. Indoxyl was then oxidized to indigo using molasses as a polysaccharide compound. The results showed that the concentration of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid produced the highest indigo content of 26.83 ppm, and the best aeration time was 4 hours to produce indigo with a concentration of 22.32 ppm. The effect of the fixator types produced different colors. The fixator of ferrous sulfate produced a dark blue-green color, limestone produced a light blue color, while alum produced a bright blue color. The fastness test showed the same result as the gray sale value of 4-5 meaning that there was a slight fading.

Structure Revision of Anti-Inflammatory Indole Alkaloids with a 1,2-Benzisoxazole Ring.

(R)- and (S)-2-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-2-ethylindolin-3-one [(±)-1] were previously isolated from NIRAM, a natural blue dye from Polygonum tinctorium, and their structures were initially proposed to possess a 1,2-benzisoxazole ring. In this study, the structures of (±)-1 were revised to have an indole-anthranilic acid fused tetracyclic ring rather than the 1,2-benzisoxazole ring by reanalysis of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR followed by density functional theory (DFT) chemical shift calculation, DP4+ technique, and ECD simulation.

A REVIEW ON NILINI: AN IMPORTANT AYURVEDIC MEDICINAL PLANTS

Nilini botanically identified as IndigoferatinctoriaLinn. belong to family Fabaceae. The plant is an important source of natural blue dye (Indigo) obtained from its leaflets and branches and traditionally used for the treatment of cough, splenomegaly, greying of hairs, backache, gout, abdominal distention, rheumatoid arthritis, fever and in worm infestation. Present chapter deals its historical, taxonomical, morphological, ethno-pharmacological and therapeutical aspects.

Wastewater effluents analysis from sustainable algae-based blue dyeing with phycocyanin

Sustainability in the textile industry is a challenge with an imminent need to be tackled. One approach can be focused on replacing fossil-based dyes with renewable and less polluting alternatives. In this sense, this study focuses on validating the suitability of an innovative natural-based blue dye, phycocyanin, sourced from Spirulina platensis microalgae. The laboratory-based experimental approach envisages the exhaustion dyeing of pre-mordanted cotton and bleached wool with phycocyanin-rich extract, representing the sustainable blue dye. The color characterization of naturally blue-dyed fabrics was performed via CIE Lab coordinates, depth of color by color stregth valures ( K/S), values of dye exhaustion, and colorfastness to laundering and light. The results indicate suitable dyeability with the natural blue dye, with process improvements a possibility. The main environmental character of this process was analyzed from the dyeing effluent characterization perspective. Measurements of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and metal content were performed on effluents resulting from dyeing processes with variable parameters, to analyze the influence of mordant use, process temperature, time, and pH. Findings indicate that the application of optimum dyeing process conditions results in the lowest oxygen demand values, suitable for further wastewater reuse, according to international industrial effluent limitations. The biological fungi wastewater treatment resulted in the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand values by around 80%, comparable with the industrial process, validating the sustainable character of using algae-based phycocyanin in the bath exhaustion dyeing process.

Microencapsulation of natural blue dye from butterfly pea ( Clitoria ternatea L.) flowers: The application of different carriers

The blue butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) flowers have been traditionally used as food colorants and source of anthocyanins and other flavonoids, particularly as antioxidants. Encapsulation aims at preserving natural pigments from several factors that cause their degratation. This work aimed at producing powdered butterfly pea flower extract by spray drying, using maltodextrin, cassava starch, and gelatin as carrier agents, generating a product ready to use, easy to handle, and with long shelf life. Physicochemical and colorimetric properties of the powders were assessed, resulting in high anthocyanin retention (>90%), good solubility (around 99%), low moisture (less than 5%), and good reconstitution property, with color attributes very similar to the original extract at different pHs. Gelatin-maltodextrin blended formulations resulted in powders with the best physicochemical and morphological characteristics, as well as better color preservation. Practical applications This study investigated the production by spray drying of a powdered, natural blue dye extracted from butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) flowers, using maltodextrin, cassava starch, and gelatin as carrier agents, obtaining a product that is easy to handle, ready to use, and with a long shelf life. The produced powders showed high anthocyanin retention, good solubility, low moisture and good reconstitution properties, with color attributes very similar to the original extract at different pHs. The formulation using maltodextrin-gelatin blend resulted in the powder with the best physicochemical and morphological characteristics, in addition to better color preservation, enabling its application as natural colorant in food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Predicting Species Distribution for True Indigo (<i>Indigofera tinctoria</i> L.) in Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia

Citarum watershed is a region of approximately 6,610 km2 in West Java, Indonesia. Citarum watershed has been degraded through historical land use and vegetation clearing. Rehabilitation of Citarum watershed uses Indigofera tinctoria L. that has value as a source of natural blue dye and is considered suitable for the region. Species distribution modelling and Habitat suitability index (SDM/HSI) were undertaken for I. tinctoria. The occurrence and environment data (bioclimatic, topography, and soil type) were input to HSI. Results of the Indigofera tinctoria habitat suitability model in Citarum watershed are very good (0.9–1) for some parts of the Citarum watershed. The medium and high suitability areas were respectively 4.49% and 4.37% of the area were located in the lowlands (Bekasi Regency and Karawang Regency). Prediction based on climate modelling for 2050 and 2070 estimated that the medium-high suitability area of Indigofera tinctoria will be reduced relative to the present.

Pemurnian Fikosianin dari Spirulina platensis dengan Metode Liquid Biphasic Flotation (LBF) dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidannya

Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis (S. Platensis) is a pigment-complex protein belong to the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family. The pigments have high economic value as a natural blue dye as well as the source of antioxidants and anticancer. Production of pure natural phycocyanin remains in high demand. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain phycocyanin with high purity values using modified liquid biphasic flotation (LBF) system and tested for DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil) radical scavenging activity. This study produced high purity phycocyanin with purification fold 3.041 ± 0.04 and recovery yields approximately about 70.881%. Purified phycocyanin showed scavenging activity with IC50 of 338.585 mg/mL. Thus, the LBF system yielded high purity phycocyanin pigments.

Addition of blue pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) extract increase antioxidant activity in yogurt from various types of milk

Blue pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) is known as the source of anthocyanin and has potential as a natural blue dye. The present study aimed to determine the effect of additional blue pea flower (BPFE) to yogurt from various types of milk. The study used dried blue pea flowers, extracted with water in 3:1 (g.L-1) ratio, at the extraction condition of 60 ˚C and 45 minutes. The fermentation was processed by adding BPFE to (A) liquid skim milk, (B) ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk, (C) pasteurized milk, (D) UHT milk with skim powder, and (E) pasteurized milk with skim powder. Then, the yogurt starter was added to all milk samples, evenly mixed and incubated for 24 hours at 37 ˚C. The fermentation of all five different milk to make plain yogurt also processed with same method without addition of BPFE. The antioxidant activity and color intensity of yogurt are evaluated to investigate the effect of BPFE in yogurt. The result showed that the plain yogurt without the addition of BPFE has antioxidant activity and increases with the addition of BPFE. Skim milk BPFE yogurt has the highest antioxidant activity (437.04 ppm) with the values of L*, a*, b* was 37.35; 2.02; -1.32, respectively. Antioxidant activity of the other BPFE yogurt, which was added with skim milk, also increased. The BPFE yogurt made from skim milk or added skim milk had higher antioxidant activity than the other types of milk.

Efficacy of Natural Blue Dye from Butterfly Pea Flower for Anterior Capsule Staining during Cataract Surgery: An Ex Vivo Study

Efficacy of Natural Blue Dye from Butterfly Pea Flower for Anterior Capsule Staining during Cataract Surgery: An Ex Vivo Study

Physicochemical Characterization, Stability and Cytotoxicity of a Blue Dye Obtained from Genipap Fruit (Genipa americana L.).

SUMMARYResearch backgroundThe current commercial scenario indicates an increase in the demand for natural dyes. Compared to synthetic dyes, natural ones have the advantage of being sustainable, making them of great interest for the food and cosmetic industries. The development of new natural dyes is necessary, as well as the carrying out of complementary research regarding the existing ones.Experimental approachThe present study aims to characterize the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the dye obtained from dehydrated endocarp of the genipap (Genipa americana) fruit, as well as perform the relevant stability and cytotoxicity tests. The chemical characterization was performed by HPLC-MS/MS analyses. The stability studies were carried out by spectrophotometry and cytotoxicity assays using cell culture and fluorometric methods.Results and conclusionsAfter dehydration and milling of the fruit endocarp, water was added to the obtained powder (in the ratio 4:1) to extract the dye. Five compounds were elucidated using HPLC-MS/MS and confirmed the presence of the geniposide as its main compound. With the X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy analysis, we characterised the obtained powder as being amorphous and of porous structure with a variable size. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated a maximum loss of 61% mass after exposure to a temperature range from 240 to 760 °C. The obtained blue dye was stable in the absence of light, at room temperature and had neutral pH. In the cytotoxicity assay, (95.0±1.3) % of viable human fibroblasts were observed after exposure to this dye. The genipap fruit can be a viable alternative to produce a natural blue dye, since it is easy to obtain and has very low toxicity in food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic products.Novelty and scientific contributionThis study demonstrates for the first time the physicochemical and biological properties of a natural blue dye from G. americana fruit.

Effects Of Sucrose Addition To Lactic Acid Concentrations And Lactic Acid Bacteria Population Of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria Ternatea L.) Yogurt

Butterfly pea yogurt (BPY) is a result of processed milk with the addition of the extract of the butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Through the fermentation process of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus as a lactic acid bacteria. The butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a source of the anthocyanin and potentially a natural blue dye. The study aims to determine sucrose’s influence on lactic acid production and lactic acid bacteria of butterfly pea yogurt. The research design uses a completely random design. The study uses four treatments is a P1: 0% sucrose addition, P2: 4% sucrose, P3: 8% sucrose, P4: 12% sucrose, and yogurt control without sucrose addition as a comparison. Data is analyzed using variance analysis. Results showed that the concentration of lactic acid yogurt control 1.06 ± 0.79, P1= 1.18 ± 0.22, P2=1.55 ± 0.39, P3=1.85 ± 0.24 and P4=2.0 ± 0.31. Whereas lactic acid bacteria population of yogurt control are 3,1×106±0.79, P1=5.33×106±0.97, P2=7.60×106±0.26, P3=3.35×107±0.98 and P4=2.86×107±0.53. The results indicate that the addition of sucrose 12% increase the concentration of lactic acid and lactic acid bacteria population significantly (p<0.05) of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) yogurt.

Analytical grade C-phycocyanin obtained by a single-step purification process

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) is a phycobiliprotein that can be used as a natural blue dye in the food and cosmetic industries, as a biomarker or as an agent in medical treatments, depending on its purity grade. Here we described for the first time a single-step purification process of C-PC extracted from the wet biomass of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis LEB-52 using ion exchange chromatography with pH gradient elution. Different conditions varying the elution buffers and volumes, the loading pH and the addition of salt in the elution buffer were studied. The chromatographic condition that resulted in high recovery and purity consisted in equilibration and washing with 0.025 mol/L Tris-HCl buffer pH 6.5 and elution combining a step with 0.08 mol/L NaCl in 0.025 mol/L Tris-HCl buffer pH 6.5 and a pH gradient elution with 0.05 mol/L citrate buffer pH 6.2–3.0. This process resulted in C-PC with purities of 4.2 and 3.5 with recoveries of 32.6 and 49.5 %, respectively, in one purification step.

Utilization of carrageenan and chitosan as coating material in phycocyanin encapsulation

Phycocyanin is one of the pigments found in Spirulina platensis. Phycocyanin has potential as natural blue dye and antioxidant. The application of phycocyanin as food ingredient is still limited due to its vulnerability to environment. Microencapsulation can keep phycocyanin from environmental influences such as temperature, light and pH. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of phycocyanin microencapsulation with carrageenan and chitosan coating material caused by the effect of thermal degradation overtime and its influence on the physical characteristics of the microencapsulation. The highest antioxidant activity of 61.48% was found in chitosan coating material that occurred at temperature of 40° with 30 minutes heat treatment.Phycocyanin microcapsule with chitosan has more vibrant blue color compared to carrageenan.Phycocyanin microencapsulation either by using carrageenan or chitosan have functional groups such as alkane, alcohol, ether and ester.

Accumulation mechanism of indigo and indirubin in Polygonum tinctorium revealed by metabolite and transcriptome analysis

The harvest time of a plant usually affects the yield of its metabolites. Polygonum tinctorium (Polygonum tinctorium Ait., P. tinctorium) is an important cultivated plant that produces the natural blue dye indigo and the medicinal metabolite indirubin. To explore the mechanism of indigo and indirubin accumulation, the leaves of P. tinctorium at different harvest times, namely July, August, and October, were investigated by metabolite and de novo transcriptome analyses. The results revealed that the indigo and indirubin content varied at different harvest times. Moreover, their contents were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in August than in either July or October. Transcriptome analysis showed different gene expression patterns of P. tinctorium leaves in August. Almost all the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were responsible for the biosynthesis of indigo and indirubin, including four anthranilate synthase (AS) genes, two indole-3-glycerolphosphate synthase (IGPS) genes, three tryptophan synthase (TS) genes and seven cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes were expressed at significantly higher levels in August (p < 0.05), which correlated with the increase of the two compounds. Overall, the results of this study provide useful information for understanding the accumulation mechanism of indigo and indirubin in P. tinctorium, which may promote the development of agricultural breeding and industrial production of P. tinctorium. Moreover, sequence data obtained by de novo transcriptome sequencing of P. tinctorium provides a platform for future molecular biological studies.

Development of a novel method for the purification of C-phycocyanin pigment from a local cyanobacterial strain Limnothrix sp. NS01 and evaluation of its anticancer properties

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) pigment, as a natural blue dye, has particular applications in various fields. It is a water-soluble protein which has anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we introduce an efficient procedure for the purification of C-PC pigment, followed by conducting a comprehensive investigation of its cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells and the underlying mechanisms. A novel four-step purification procedure including the adsorption of impurities with chitosan, activated charcoal, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and ion exchange chromatography was employed, achieving a high purity form of C-PC with purity index (PI) of 5.26. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the purified C-PC with two discrete bands, subunit α (17 kD) and β (20 kD), as confirmed its identity by Native-PAGE. A highly purified C-PC was employed to evaluate its anticancer activity and underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The inhibitory effects of highly purified C-PC on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) have detected by MTT assay. The IC50 values for 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure to C-PC were determined to be 5.92, 5.66, and 4.52 μg/μl, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of cells treated with C-PC, by Annexin V/PI double staining, demonstrated to induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis. Also, the results obtained from propidium iodide (PI) staining showed that MCF-7 cells treated with 5.92 μg/μl C-PC for 24 h would arrest at the G2 phase and 5.66 and 4.52 μg/μl C-PC for 48 and 72 h could induce cell cycle arrest at both G2 and S phases. The oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction were evaluated to determine the possible pathways involved in C-PC-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Our findings clearly indicated that the treatment of MCF-7 cells with C-PC (IC50 for 24 h) increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, an increase in the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and a reduction in the ATP level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glutathione (GSH) and its oxidized form (GSSG), occurred over time. The reduced expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl2 and Stat3, plus cell cycle regulator protein, Cyclin D1, using Real-Time PCR confirm that the C-PC-induced death of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells occurred through the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Collectively, the analyses presented here suggest that C-PC has the potential so that to develop it as a chemotherapeutic anticancer drug.

The colour stability of natural blue dye extracted from Clitoria ternatea L. in poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) coating film

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on a comparison study of the visible stability of natural blue dye consisting anthocyanin molecules extracted from Clitoria ternatea in coating films.Design/methodology/approachThe coating films were prepared by mixing the blue dye with poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) in three different weight ratios. Samples were coded as 10PBA, 15PBA and 20PBA, where PBA is the abbreviation for poly acrylamide-co-acrylic acid, blue dyes and anthocyanin. The number at the beginning of each code represents the weight percentage of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) to natural blue dye. The mixtures were applied on separate glass substrates to form coating films. Another set of samples were prepared for the comparison study with a commercial acrylic clear coat (cc) applied on the surface of the 10PBA, 15PBA and 20PBA coating films. These coating films were coded 10PBAcc, 15PBAcc and 20PBAcc. The purpose of the clear coat is to observe how it affects the colour stability of the blue coating films with respect to time. All samples were exposed to the ultraviolet (UV) source, an 18 W Philips TL-D 18w/830 UV fluorescent lamp. The UV lamp was placed 15 cm above the surface of the samples for 35 days. The colour of the coatings was measured using CIE L*a*b* colour space coordinate.FindingsThe results obtained show 10PBA and 10PBAcc have the highest colour stability after 35 days of exposure to UV light. The reflectivity of the coating films was also measured during exposure to UV lamp. Reflectivity measurements also showed that 10PBA and 10PBAcc coating films had the highest reflective stabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThe potential of using natural blue dye consisting anthocyanin in coating film to obtain high colour stability.Practical implicationsThe coating film developed in this work is suitable to be applied on glass substrates.Originality/valueThe application of anthocyanin dye extracted from the Clitoria ternatea L. as a colourant in coating films