Native Goat Populations Research Articles

Genetic diversity and structure in Asian native goat analyzed by newly developed SNP markers

In the current study, a total of 65 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the intron region were developed in goat (Capra hircus) by utilizing genomic information of cattle and sheep due to poor available genomic information on goat. Using these markers, we carried out genetic diversity and structure analyses for 10 Asian goat populations. The phylogenetic tree and principal components analysis showed good correspondence between clustered populations and their geographic locations. The STRUCTURE software analysis illustrated six divergent genetic structures among 10 populations. Myanmar and Cambodia populations showed high admixture patterns with different ancestry, suggesting genetic introgression into native goat populations. We also investigated the correlation between genetic diversity and geographic distance from a domestication center. This result showed a decreasing trend of genetic diversity according to the distance (P = 0.014). This result supported common consensus that western Asia is one of the centers of origin for modern Asian domestic goat.

Güney Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yetiştirilen Üç Keçi Populasyonunda Genetik Çeşitlilik

Güney Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yetiştirilen Üç Keçi Populasyonunda Genetik Çeşitlilik

Genetic Structure of Mongolian Goat Populations Using Microsatellite Loci Analysis

We studied genetic diversity and relationships among Mongolian goat populations on the basis of microsatellite DNA polymorphisms. DNA samples from eight populations (Bayandelger, Uigii Red, Zavkhan Buural, Sumber, Zalaajinst White, Erchim Black, Dorgon, and Gobi Gurvan Saikhan) from geographically distinct areas of Mongolia were analyzed by using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. Since the 10 markers were highly polymorphic, the genetic characteristics of these native goat populations could be estimated. Genetic diversity within populations, as estimated by the expected heterozygosities, was high, ranging from 0.719 to 0.746, but genetic differentiation between populations was low, representing only 1.7% of the total genetic variation. The results suggest that Mongolian native goat populations still have a semi-wild genetic structure reflecting traditional Mongolian nomadism and the short history of artificial selection. The genetic relationships among the populations were not clear in the neighbor-joining tree generated from the modified Cavalli-Sforza chord genetic distances. By using principal components analysis, the five core populations of Mongolian native goats (Bayandelger, Ulgii Red, Zavkhan Buural, Sumber, and Dorgon) and the populations crossed with Russian breeds (Zalaajinst White, Erchim Black, and Gobi Gurvan Saikhan) were distinguished. There was no correlation between genetic relationships among the populations and the geographical distribution of the populations.

Analysis of genetic diversity among seven goat populations in the middle and lower valley of Yangtse River and southeast coastal regions in China

The genomes of seven native goat populations were screened by using microsatellites as molecular markers; the populations were Yichang white, Matou, Xiangdong black, Fuqing, Daiyun, Huanghuai and Yangtse River Delta white goats. A total of 23 microsatellite markers were used and genetic diversities and genetic distances were also determined. The results showed that only 21 loci showed polymorphism in all populations. BM0203 was a homozygotic locus in every population, but more than one allele was found among all populations. Alleles of BM6444 were homozygotic in Xiangdong Black and Yichang White goats, but more than one allele was detected in other populations. Average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.819 0, and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all seven populations was 0.630 5–0.691 9. An unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram was constructed on Nei’s standard genetic distance. Matou and Xiangdong black were grouped at first, then Fuqing, Daiyun, Yangtse River Delta white and Huanghuai goats joined them respectively. Finally, Yichang white goats clustered with all of the above.

Genetic relationship among Mongolian native goat populations estimated by blood protein polymorphism

Several local strains and populations of goats distinguished by morphogenetic and performance characteristics are kept by goat breeders in different natural climatic regions of Mongolia, namely Bayandelger, Ulgii Red, Erchim Black, Dorgon and Zavkhan Buural. The genetic relationships among eight native goat populations in Mongolia at 33 biochemical genetic loci was assessed. A total of 440 animals in eight regional zones were studied. Twelve loci, i.e. the serum transferrin, serum amylase, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum prealbumin-3, cell esterase-D, hemoglobin (Hb) β, hemoglobin (Hb) α-II, cell peptidase-B, cell tetrazolium oxidase, cell esterase-1, cell esterase-2 and cell catalase loci, were found to be polymorphic. The data indicated that Mongolian native goats are not highly differentiated ( D=0.0002–0.0038) genetically. To set Mongolian native goats in a larger context, the present data were compared with those on other goat breeds and populations in east and southeast Asia that were previously reported. The average heterozygosity in the Mongolian native goats did not significantly differ from those in other Asian goat populations and breeds. A phylogenetic tree of the gene constitution of the Mongolian native goats and other Asian goat breeds and populations was constructed and revealed that genetically the Mongolian native goats had diverged slightly from the group consisting of Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Indonesian native goats, but markedly from the Indian goat group.

On Phylogenetic Relationships Among Native Goat Populations Along the Middle and Lower Yellow River Valley

On Phylogenetic Relationships Among Native Goat Populations Along the Middle and Lower Yellow River Valley