Native Bulls Research Articles

Comparative Study on Semen Quality and Fertility of Red Chittagong Cattle, BCB1 and Munshiganj Bulls of Bangladesh

The present study was conducted to analyze the fresh and post-thaw semen quality and fertility from native bulls of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC), BLRI Cattle Breed 1 (BCB1), and Munshiganj Cattle of Bangladesh. One hundred and seventy-two ejaculates were collected by artificial vagina set and semen analysis was performed using Computer Assisted Sperm Analyzer (CASA) at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute. Commercial extender (AndroMed) was used to dilute the fresh semen. After equilibration (4°C for 4 hr), freezing was done using a programmable bio-freezer. Post-thawed semen was evaluated for sperm motility and kinematics. Cryopreserved semen straws were used for artificial insemination (AI) and determined the bull fertility based on 60 days non-return rate. Motility of the sperm differs significantly (p 0.05) among the bulls but the highest concentration was found in Munshiganj bull (1669.60 ± 192.07 million/ml) followed by RCC (1648.70 ± 91.07 million/ml) and BCB1 bull (1481.60 ± 167.35 million/ml). Moreover, the highest bent tail (5.89 ± 0.75%), coiled tail (1.01% ± 0.22%) and distal mid-piece reflex (2.26% ± 0.28%) were observed in BCB1 followed by Munshiganj and RCC. Amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) was recorded higher in post-thaw than in fresh semen. Kinematics parameters of post-thaw semen decreased than fresh semen irrespective of genotypes. More number of doses/ejaculates can be produced from Munshiganj bull (394.34 ± 127.95) followed by RCC (349.01 ± 120.91) and BCB 1 bulls (331 ± 98.99). Fertility rate does not differ among the bulls (p > 0.05) but the highest value was found for RCC (62.06% ± 1.94%) bulls. Therefore, it can be concise that, the quality of Red Chittagong Cattle semen is better than BCB 1 and Munshigang bull.

Chickpea Can Be a Valuable Local Produced Protein Feed for Organically Reared, Native Bulls.

Simple SummaryWe aimed to demonstrate the benefits of using chickpea as energy-protein feed in diets for bulls belonging to a native Italian breed (Maremmana) organically reared. Compared to the control diets containing barley, the dietary inclusion of chickpea improved the growth rate and carcass conformation of bulls, reduced the feeding costs, and did not impair the plasma metabolic parameters and meat quality. These results suggest that chickpea may allow a sustainable performance improvement of native breeds within their traditional farming systems.We assessed the effects of inclusion of chickpea from 24 to 21%, as feed basis, in diets for organically reared bulls. Sixteen young bulls (270 ± 6.4 days of age; 246 ± 0.13 kg in weight) belonging to a native Italian breed (Maremmana) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments. The control diets were based on mixed grass hay, maize meal, and barley meal. In the experimental diets, barley was equally substituted by locally produced chickpea. Animals were weighed every 2 weeks until the prefixed slaughtering weight (630 kg). Plasma metabolites were measured at the 1st, 7th, and 14th month of the experiment. Chemical composition, colour, shear force, and water holding capacity of meat were assessed on Longissimus thoracis et lumborum 7 days after slaughter. The chickpea-fed animals showed a significantly greater average daily gain (1064 vs. 1168 kg/day), a shorter growing phase (364 vs. 335 days), and a better carcass conformation. Plasma metabolites and meat quality were not influenced by the treatments. The better growth performance and carcass quality of the chickpea fed bulls resulted in a higher economic profit for the chickpea-based diets. Results suggest that chickpea may allow sustainable performance improvement of native breeds within their traditional farming systems.

Animal genetic resources (AnGR) in Mozambique

Mozambique is a country on the eastern coast of Southern Africa, where livestock plays an important role in the agriculture sector, due to its contribution to socio-economic development and poverty reduction. Given the variations in climate, soil fertility, rainfall pattern and altitude among the different areas, the country is divided into ten agroecological regions, each one with its own characteristic production systems and livestock breeds. In the family sector, livestock is mostly composed of indigenous breeds: Landim cattle, goats, pigs and chicken, Angoni and Bovino de Tete cattle breeds and Pafuri goat. In order to restore the quantity and quality of the genetic resources of indigenous breeds and promote their conservation and sustainable use, the country is carrying out several actions and activities, including public awareness campaigns about the importance of indigenous breeds and the need for their conservation, inclusion of AnGR issues in the curriculum of universities and agricultural colleges, characterization of AnGR collection and conservation of semen from native bulls.

Effects of feeding mother liquor, by-product of monosodium glutamate, on digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances, and rumen condition in Thai native bulls.

Four Thai native bulls were used to evaluate the availability of mother liquor (ML), by-product of monosodium glutamate, as a replacement of soybean meal (SBM) consisting of 10% in concentrate. The SBM was replaced by the ML at 0% (C), 20% (T1), 40% (T2), and 60% (T3), and the experiment was a randomized block design experiment. The animals were fed concentrate and roughage (60:40, on a dry matter [DM] basis). There were no significant differences in the digestibility of DM, crude protein, ether extract, acid detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash and non-fibrous carbohydrate, and energy and nitrogen balances among the treatments. However, the digestibility of the neutral detergent fiber in T2 was lower than the other treatments (p<.05). The valeric acid of T2 was lower than those of C and T1 and the iso-valeric acid of T3 was the lowest (p<.05), followed by those of T2, T1, and C at 4hr post-feeding. No significant differences were observed in the ruminal total VFA concentrations, pH, and NH3 -N among the treatments. These results suggested that SBM could be replaced by the ML up to 60% without adverse effects on nitrogen and energy balance, rumen conditions, and blood metabolites in Thai native bulls.

«CONSTITUTIO» OF GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE

«CONSTITUTIO» OF GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE

Effects of supplementation of iodixanol to semen extender on quality and fertilization ability of frozen-thawed Thai native bull sperm.

This study investigates the effects of iodixanol supplementation in varied concentrations to Tris egg yolk (TEY) extender on the quality and fertilization ability of frozen-thawed sperm of Thai native bulls. Each ejaculate was divided into four different groups, as follows: sperm were treated with TEY extender (control group) and TEY extender supplemented with three different concentrations of iodixanol (1.25%, 2.50% and 5.00%). Semen straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor. After thawing, sperm motility characteristics, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were determined. Also, frozen-thawed spermatozoa from all groups were used for invitro fertilization and artificial insemination (AI) in natural estrus Thai native cows. The results showed that the post-thaw quality of the 2.50% iodixanol group was superior to the other iodixanol groups (P<0.05). However, iodixanol had no beneficial effect on post-thaw sperm invitro fertilization ability and pregnancy rate after AI (P>0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementation of 2.50% iodixanol extender significantly improves the progressive motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity of cryopreserved semen from Thai native bulls, but it has no beneficial effect on invitro fertilization ability and pregnancy rate after AI.

ASSESSMENT OF BULLS ON THEIR OWN PERFORMANCE AS A PART OF IMPROVING DOMESTIC POPULATION ABERDEEN-ANGUS BREED OF CATTLE

ASSESSMENT OF BULLS ON THEIR OWN PERFORMANCE AS A PART OF IMPROVING DOMESTIC POPULATION ABERDEEN-ANGUS BREED OF CATTLE

Effect of Sericin Supplement in Tris - egg Yolk Citrate Extender on Quality of Cryopreserved Semen from Thai Native Bulls

Effect of Sericin Supplement in Tris - egg Yolk Citrate Extender on Quality of Cryopreserved Semen from Thai Native Bulls

Efficacy of a Cue-Mate Intravaginal Insert and Injection of Prostaglandin F2α for Synchronizing Estrus in Hanwoo Cattle

The present study was performed on farm animals to test the effectiveness of progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (Cue-Mate® 1.56 g) and injection of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) for synchronization estrus in Hanwoo cattle. The cattle were at random stage of the estrus cycle. The cows were artificially inseminated at day 7 after Cue-Mate withdrawal, using commercial semen from Korean native bulls. There was a season effect on the estrus synchronization rate. It was higher in spring (94.3%) followed by winter (93.3%), autumn (90.4%) and summer (67.2%). In summary, The results of this study revealed that season has influences on estrus behavior of cattle with no significant effect on pregnancy rate. In summary, we suggest summer reproductive management to alleviate the effects of heat stress. It should be based on intensive cooling combined with hormonal treatment. Given that different subgroups of cows benefit differently from the treatments, selective hormonal administration should be considered.

Оценка племенной ценности молочного скота в различных хозяйственных условиях

Представлена оценка племенной ценности айрширского скота в племенных хозяйствах Новгородской и Ленинградской областей. Оценка быков-производителей проведена методом сравнения продуктивности дочерей и их сверстниц.

In vitro evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower disc florets for ruminants

The aim of present study was to estimating nutritional value of fresh or dried sunflower disc florets (SFDF) using in vitro gas production technique. Three fistulated native bulls fed experimental rations twice daily for 15 days, and ruminal fluid was collected for using in in vitro fermentation. Gas production of in vitro fermentation was measured as the volume of gas in the calibrated syringes and was recorded before incubation 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after incubation. Total gas values were corrected for blank incubation which contained only rumen fluid. The fresh SDFD has significantly more fermentation potential when compared with dried SDFD. All of gas production fractions (soluble, insoluble, and potential gas production value) are greater for fresh SFDF in comparison with dried SFDF. Also, all of energy indices include organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME), short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and net energy for lactation (NEL) are significantly greater for fresh SFDF. It can be concluded that fresh sunflower disc floret (as a sunflower seed byproduct) can be used in ruminant nutrition. However, drying of this feedstuff can decrease its nutritional value.

Paternal origins of Chinese cattle

To determine the genetic diversity and paternal origin of Chinese cattle, 302 males from 16 Chinese native cattle breeds as well as 30 Holstein males and four Burma males as controls were analysed using four Y-SNPs and two Y-STRs. In Chinese bulls, the taurine Y1 and Y2 haplogroups and indicine Y3 haplogroup were detected in seven, 172 and 123 individuals respectively, and these frequencies varied among the Chinese cattle breeds examined. Y2 dominates in northern China (91.4%), and Y3 dominates in southern China (90.8%). Central China is an admixture zone, although Y2 predominates overall (72.0%). The geographical distributions of the Y2 and Y3 haplogroup frequencies revealed a pattern of male indicine introgression from south to north China. The three Y haplogroups were further classified into one Y1 haplotype, five Y2 haplotypes and one Y3 haplotype in Chinese native bulls. Due to the interplay between taurine and indicine types, Chinese cattle represent an extensive reservoir of genetic diversity. The Y haplotype distribution of Chinese cattle exhibited a clear geographical structure, which is consistent with mtDNA, historical and geographical information.

Assessment of endogenous androgen levels in meat, liver and testis of Iranian native cross-breed male sheep and bull by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Androgenic steroids always exist in different animal tissues at trace level, with significant numbers of interfering compounds, which makes their determination difficult. To solve some of the problems in quantification of the natural steroids in those tissues, a new GC-MS method was developed in this study. By using a surrogate analyte approach, which was developed in the authors’ previous studies, and extensive sample preparation procedure, which successfully eliminates many of the interfering compounds and resulting in a cleaner extract, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and selectivity of the method for the determination of steroids in complex matrices such as meat, liver and testis were improved. By aid of this method, the levels of androgens in different tissues of Iranian native cross-breed bulls and male sheep were determined. According to the results obtained in the present study, although the androgenic profile (contents and ratios of precursors and metabolites to the main hormones) is similar between the same tissues of both animals, the total androgenic content of each tissue is higher in the bull than the same tissue in male sheep. In addition, in both animals higher amount of androgens were found in liver in comparison with meat and testis.

The Effect of Reduced Dose and Number of Treatments of FSH on Superovulatory Response in CIDR-Treated Korean Native Cows

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dosage and number of days of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment on superovulatory response in controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-treated Korean native cows. Forty cows underwent two superovulatory treatments with a crossover design. Cows, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received a CIDR together with injections of 1 mg estradiol benzoate and 50 mg progesterone, and gonadotropin treatment began 4 days later. The cows were divided into 2 groups based on the dosage and number of days of treatment with porcine FSH; a total of 28 mg FSH was given in twice daily intramascular injections in decreasing doses over 4 days (5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2 and 2 mg; T1 group, n=20) or a total of 24 mg FSH was given in twice daily decreasing doses over 3 days (5, 5, 4, 4, 3 and 3 mg; T2 group, n=20). This was followed by the alternate treatment in the subsequent superovulation. The cows were treated identically in all other respects. PGF(2alpha) (25 mg and 15 mg) was given with the 5th and 6th injections of FSH, CIDR were withdrawn at the 6th FSH injection and the cows received 200 microg GnRH 36 h after CIDR withdrawal. The cows were artificially inseminated twice, at 48 and 60 h after CIDR withdrawal, using commercial semen from four Korean native bulls, and embryos were recovered 6 or 7 days after the 2nd insemination. The numbers of corpora lutea (CL; 7.9+/-1.0 vs. 8.3+/-1.1) and large follicles (1.2+/-0.2 vs. 1.3+/-0.3) present at the time embryo recovery, as detected by ultrasonography, did not differ between the T1 and T2 groups (P>0.05). Similarly, the numbers of total ova/embryos (6.2+/-0.9 vs. 6.4+/-1.1), transferable embryos (3.4+/-0.8 vs. 3.2+/-0.7), degenerate embryos (0.8+/-0.2 vs. 1.0+/-0.3) and unfertilized ova (2.1+/-0.5 vs. 2.2+/-0.5) did not differ between the groups (P>0.05). These data indicate that a reduced dose (24 vs. 28 mg) and number of treatments (6 vs. 8) of FSH for superovulation of CIDR-treated Korean native cows does not affect the embryo yield.

390 THE EFFECT OF REDUCED FSH DOSE AND NUMBER OF TREATMENTS ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN CIDR-TREATED KOREAN NATIVE COWS

Reducing the total dose and numbers of treatments with FSH for superstimulation without decreasing embryo yield may be less stressful and more economical for bovine embryo transfer. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dose and the number of days of FSH treatment on superovulatory responses in CIDR-treated Korean native cows. Forty-two cows, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received a CIDR device (CIDRTM; InterAg, Hamilton, New Zealand), 1 mg estradiol benzoate (SY Esrone; Samyang, Seoul, Korea) and 50 mg progesterone (SY Ovaron; Samyang); gonadotropin treatment began 4 days later. Cows were divided into 2 groups based on the dose and numbers of days of treatment with porcine FSH (pFSH): T1 group (n = 20): a total of 28 mg pFSH (recommended dose of Antorin�; Kawasaki Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan) was given in twice daily IM injections in decreasing doses over 4 days (5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, and 2 mg); and T2 group (n = 22): a total of 24 mg pFSH given in twice daily decreasing doses over 3 days (5, 5, 4, 4, 3, and 3 mg). Otherwise, all cows received the same treatments. Twenty-five and 15 mg dinoprost (PGF2α; Lutalyse; Pharmacia &amp;amp; Upjohn, Puurs, Belgium) were given with the 5th and 6th injections of pFSH, respectively. CIDR devices were withdrawn with the 6th pFSH injection, and the cows received 100 �g Gonadorelin (GnRH; Fertagyl; Intervet, Boxmeer, The Netherlands) 36 h after CIDR device removal. Cows were artificially inseminated using commercial semen from 4 Korean native bulls twice, at 48 and 60 h after CIDR device removal, and embryos were recovered 6 or 7 days after the 2nd insemination. The number of CL was counted on the day of embryo recovery by transrectal ultrasonography (Sonovet 600 with 5.0 MHz linear-array transducer; Medison Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea). The recovered embryos were evaluated according to the IETS Manual for stage of development and quality. All data between groups were compared using Student&amp;apos;s t-test. The numbers of CL (9.7 � 1.1 vs. 9.4 � 1.3), total ova/embryos (7.2 � 1.1 vs. 6.3 � 1.4), transferable embryos (4.4 � 1.0 vs. 3.6 � 0.9), degenerate embryos (0.9 � 0.3 vs. 1.3 � 0.4), and unfertilized ova (2.0 � 0.6 vs. 1.5 � 0.5) did not differ between groups (T1 vs. T2), respectively (P &amp;gt; 0.05). Data indicate that the reduced dose (24 vs. 28 mg) and numbers of treatments (6 vs. 8) of pFSH for superstimulation of Korean native cows does not affect the embryo yield.

The Effect of Different Flaked Lupin Seed Inclusion Levels on the Growth of Growing Korean Native Bulls

The Effect of Different Flaked Lupin Seed Inclusion Levels on the Growth of Growing Korean Native Bulls

Effect of Graded Levels of Cottonseed Cake Supplementation on Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial N Yield of Growing Native (Bos Indicus) Bulls Fed Rice Straw

Effect of Graded Levels of Cottonseed Cake Supplementation on Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial N Yield of Growing Native (Bos Indicus) Bulls Fed Rice Straw

Effect of Graded Levels of Mustard Oil Cake Supplementation on Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial N Yield of Adult Cannulated Native (Bos Indicus) Bulls Fed Rice Straw

Effect of Graded Levels of Mustard Oil Cake Supplementation on Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial N Yield of Adult Cannulated Native (Bos Indicus) Bulls Fed Rice Straw

Effect of graded levels of wheat bran supplementation on intake, nutrient digestibility, microbial N yield and growth rate of native bulls fed rice straw alone

Effect of graded levels of wheat bran supplementation on intake, nutrient digestibility, microbial N yield and growth rate of native bulls fed rice straw alone

Effects of different levels of concentrate in complete rations on nutrient digestibilities and ruminal metabolites in sheep and growth performance in Korean Native bulls

Effects of different levels of concentrate in complete rations on nutrient digestibilities and ruminal metabolites in sheep and growth performance in Korean Native bulls