Nationwide Online Survey Research Articles

Intentions of Environmentally Friendly Behavior Among Sports Club Members: An Empirical Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior Across Genders and Sports.

Environmentally friendly behavior has become increasingly important in recent years to reduce the speed of climate change and its negative impacts. Individual behavior, including environmentally friendly behavior, is largely formed by behavioral intentions. This study draws on the theory of planned behavior to examine the effects of attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on intentions of environmentally friendly behavior. It also investigates differences between genders and among sports. The study is based on data from a nationwide online survey of community sports club members in Germany in five team/racket sports (n = 3,036). Existing measures to operationalize the constructs were adapted to the present research context. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that the theoretical assumptions of the theory of planned behavior were largely supported by the data, implying that the antecedents of environmentally friendly behavioral intentions can be applied to club members. Furthermore, gender- and sports-specific differences in the antecedents–intention relationship were detected. This study is among the first to examine environmentally friendly behavioral intentions in community sports clubs. It adds to an increasing body of research investigating environmental sustainability in sports.

Travelling to Bundesliga matches: the carbon footprint of football fans

ABSTRACT The purposes of this study were to estimate the carbon footprint caused by football fans travelling to Bundesliga matches (first division) in Germany in the 2018/19 season, to analyse determinants of seasonal carbon footprint, and to identify fan clusters based on travel behaviour. A nationwide online survey of football fans was conducted (n = 539) asking respondents to report their match-related travel behaviour. The average seasonal carbon footprint of a Bundesliga fan amounted 311.1 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (CO2-e), with car travel accounting for 70% of the emissions. The aggregate carbon footprint of all fans for the whole Bundesliga season was 369,765.2 t CO2-e. Buying out of these carbon emissions would cost over €9.2 million in total. The regression results revealed that club membership and commitment to favourite club significantly increased fans’ carbon footprint. The choice of favourite Bundesliga club also predicted carbon footprint, with fans of FC Bayern Munich and RB Leipzig producing a significantly higher carbon footprint than fans of Borussia Dortmund. The segmentation of Bundesliga fans by their travel behaviour identified three distinct clusters: Devoted travellers (19%), home fans (30%) and casual visitors (51%). These clusters differed significantly in terms of emissions per kilometre travelled, car use versus public transport, club membership, fan commitment, environmental consciousness, education and age. The findings have practical implications for policy makers, Bundesliga officials and club authorities, and can serve as a basis for initiatives to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in professional team sports.

Abstract P203: Determinants Of Perceived Factors Discouraging Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use Among Youth

Introduction: Despite cardiovascular and other health risks, youth use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has reached an epidemic level. Studies have examined factors associated with ENDS use, but little is known about factors discouraging youth ENDS use. We examined youth sociodemographic and tobacco/ENDS use determinants of perceived factors discouraging ENDS use. Methods: Data from a nationwide online survey of youth were weighted to be representative of the overall U.S. population in terms of age, sex, race, ethnicity, and region. Participants selected up to 3 reasons that would discourage their use of ENDS. Results: Of 3000 participants, 55.7% were female, 20.1% Hispanic, and 13.7% non-Hispanic Black; 7.3% current ENDS only, 6.2% current cigarette/other products only, 10.8% current dual/poly, 32.1% any past product, and 43.7% never used. Health risk akin to smoking was the most often selected factor discouraging ENDS use (50.4%), followed by harmful chemicals (47.1%), device dangers (26.0%), parent disapproval (24.4%), high nicotine level (23.3%), leads to smoking (21.0%), increased expense (17.9%), doctor/nurse discouraging (17.8%), friend criticizing (11.7%), and other (7.7%) (Fig 1A). Multivariable logistic regression models revealed that perceptions significantly varied by age, sex, race/ethnicity, parental education, and particularly tobacco/ENDS use status. For example, the odds of selecting health risk as discouraging were 34% lower in boys v. girls, 38% lower for current ENDS only users v. never users, and 33% higher in those with higher parental education (Fig 1B). Conclusions: For youth, perceived health risk was most important in discouraging ENDS use. Factors discouraging ENDS use were associated with participant sociodemographic and tobacco/ENDS use status. The findings have relevance for developing communication and education strategies to prevent or reduce ENDS use--thus reducing CVD/health burden--and suggest tailoring such messaging may be key to maximizing impact.

What determines the willingness to sanction violations of newly introduced social norms: Personality traits or economic preferences? evidence from the COVID-19 crisis

Social norms govern human behavior and usually change slowly over time. While individuals’ willingness to sanction others is decisive for the enforcement of social norms and thus social stability, little is known about individual sanctioning behavior related to newly introduced social norms. During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have used various tools to rapidly and actively introduce the new norm of wearing a face mask; this offers a unique setting to study the determinants of individuals’ willingness to sanction a cooperation norm. In a nationwide online survey in Germany, we find that higher levels of conscientiousness and neuroticism, but none of the economic preferences (time and risk), are significantly and robustly associated with a higher willingness to sanctioning norm violators. Furthermore, there is a strong relationship between supervisors’ and their subordinates’ willingness to sanction norm violation, and we observe that females have a higher value for the appropriate fine for norm violating behavior than men. Our results shed light on the origins of individual compliance with newly introduced public policy measures that are meant to increase solidarity via the explicit shaping of new cooperation norms.

AB0661 EFFECT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SLEEP DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS

Background:A decrease in physical activity, exposure to daylight and a decline in psychological wellbeing due to COVID19 pandemic have led to increased incidence of sleep disorders such as difficulties falling asleep, sleep disruption, insomnia, nightmares and daytime sleepiness (1). Patients with inflammatory arthritis are more vulnerable to pain, depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. These complaints are linked in a cyclical pattern that may negatively affect daily-life activities (2-4). To our knowledge, the impact of pandemic on sleep disturbances in patients with inflammatory arthritis has not been evaluated yet.Objectives:The aim of this study is to establish the COVID-19 related impact on sleep disturbances among patients with inflammatory arthritis who experienced the COVID-19 quarantine in Italy.Methods:Data about chronic inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis [RA], psoriatic arthritis [PsA] and ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) were retrieved from a large nationwide online survey involving patients affected by different rheumatic diseases. From May to September 2020, eleven patients’ associations sent a call to rheumatic patients asking them to complete an anonymous online survey with specific questions also about sleep disturbances and pre- and post-lockdown self-reported use of psychopharmacotherapy. Data were analysed by a binary logistic regression model having the presence of sleep disturbances during COVID 19 pandemic as dependent variable.Results:375 of 507 (74%) of patients had inflammatory arthritis: 249 RA, 77 PsA and 49 AS. 291 (77.6%) were females with a median (IQR) age of 54 (44-63) years. There was an increase in the use of psychiatric compounds after quarantine period (59 [15,7%] vs 65 [17,3%]), especially for sleep medications (23 [6,1%] vs 28 [7,5%]) and anxiolytics (15 [4%] vs 18 [4,8%]). 246 (65.6%) of patients had trouble staying asleep, 238 (63.5%) had trouble falling asleep, and 112 (29.9%) had dreams about pandemic (Figure 1 below).The binary logistic regression suggests that older age (OR= 1.038, p = .040), assumption of medication for psychiatric symptoms before COVID-19 (OR = 25.819, CI 11.465-58.143) and presence of COVID infection (OR = 2.783, CI 1.215-6.372) were predictive of insomnia during pandemic.Conclusion:These results confirm that sleep disturbances have been a relevant concern in patients with inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 national lockdown. Changes in daily life related to confinement have influenced psychological distress leading to a significant impact on sleep difficulties such as inability to fall early asleep or to maintain adequate sleep. Furthermore, older patients who had coronavirus infection and were previously treated for psychiatric disorders were at higher risk developing sleep disorders.

Good Knowledge but Poor Practice Toward COVID-19 Among Indonesian Youth.

COVID-19 cases have been increasing among young people as they are often considered to have low compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures. Given that challenge, there have been limited studies exploring this issue. Through a nationwide online survey, we assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward COVID-19 among Indonesian youth and potential interventions to improve their behavior. We found that Indonesian youth had good knowledge of COVID-19, but their practices remained poor. Noncompliance was more frequent in males, students in Islamic high schools, those residing outside the Java-Bali islands, and students living in a lower income household. Significant barriers included lack of regulation, difficulties in avoiding crowds, and soap shortage. Their exposure to and trust in the internet was very high. These findings highlight that youth compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures should be improved by reducing barriers, collaborating actively with young people, and encouraging effective campaigns together with social media influencers.

The late modernist community in the late socialistic block of flats: the issue of urban neighbourhood vitality in Poland

The question of the big-city neighbourhood seems important due to the discussion on the condition of modern cities. The issue is centred on the problems of sustainable development and designing social relations. The problem of the neighbourhood in relation to various forms of residence triggers a discussion rooted in the classic issues of sociology as a discipline. In the proposed article, the researchers address the problem of the late socialistic block of flats, attempting to diagnose the condition of the modern urban community in the developmental context of Central Europe, based on the neoclassic concept of ‘spatially determined social circle’. The text introduces the issues of ‘socialist modernism’ using the available Central European literature. In the research part, the data obtained from an online survey on the subject conducted in 2019 in three Polish cities and from a nationwide online survey on the same subject are statistically analysed. The linear regression analysis suggested the relative vitality of the block form of residence, whose sources are both economic and social. The problem of traditional forms of accommodation and urban neighbourhoods has become a hotly debated political issue that triggers a scientific reflection on the phenomena of integration and disintegration in cities. In this context, the issue of the vitality of the forms of housing seems important not only for diagnosis purposes but also for predictions for the forthcoming decades. The case to be analysed herein is that of the late socialistic block of flats (LSBF) in Central and Eastern European countries, which for some is an anachronistic form of residence whereas for others is a partial solution to the insufficient market dynamics intended to meet people’s housing needs. In this context, we ask four questions based on a hypothesis regarding LSBF urban neighbourhood vitality in Poland. The first question is a partly theoretical question based on the conceptualisation of social circles: To what extent does living in an LSBF modify one’s sense of belonging to a social circle? The second question concerns the empirical findings regarding the LSBF neighbourhood: What is the neighbourhood assessment related to declared residence in an LSBF? The third question concerns more specific subjects related to the LSBF neighbourhood: To what extent does living in an LSBF affect the declared depth of neighbourly relations? The fourth and last question relates to the notion of vitality of the LSBF neighbourhood: Does the length of residence in an LSBF impact the interactions between the neighbours therein? The questions concerning the present-day LSBF cannot be answered without historical references to the concept of the city of socialist modernism. It is only from the genetic perspective dating back to several decades that we can understand the dynamics of the process, which has been marked by a few fundamental tribulations.

Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination Among People Living With HIV and AIDS in China: A Nationwide Online Survey

Background: People living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) could benefit from COVID-19 vaccination. There is a dearth of evidence on willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination (WTR) among PLWHA.Methods: The study is a multicenter cross-sectional online survey conducted in eight conveniently selected Chinese metropolitan cities between January and February 2021. Participants were PLWHA aged 18-65 years and living in the study cities. Eight community-based organizations (CBO) providing services to PLWHA, one in each city, facilitated the recruitment through their networks. Eligible PLWHA completed an online survey developed using Golden Data, a widely used encrypted web-based survey platform in China. Logistic regression models and path analysis were used in data analysis.Findings: Out of 10,845 PLWHA approached by the CBO, 2740 completed the survey. This analysis was performed among 2570 participants who had never received COVID-19 vaccination. Over half of the participants reported WTR (57·2%, 1470/2570). After adjusting for potential confounders, all four constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) were significantly associated with WTR, including positive attitudes (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1·11, 95%CI: 1·09, 1·12), negative attitudes (aOR: 0·96, 95%CI: 0·94, 0.97), perceived support from significant others (perceived subjective norm) (aOR: 1·53, 95%CI: 1·46, 1·61), and perceived higher behavioral control (aOR: 1·13, 95%CI: 1·11, 1·14). At the interpersonal level, receiving advice supportive of COVID-19 vaccination from doctors (aOR: 1·99, 95%CI: 1·65, 2·40), CBO staff (aOR: 1·89, 95%CI: 1·51, 2·36), friends and/or family members (aOR: 3·22, 95%CI: 1·93, 5·35), and PLWHA peers (aOR: 2.38, 95%CI: 1·85, 3·08) were associated with higher WTR. Overall opinion supporting COVID-19 vaccination for PLWHA on Internet or social media was also positively associated with WTR (aOR: 1·59, 95%CI: 1·31, 1·94). Path analysis indicated that interpersonal-level variables was indirectly associated with WTR through TPB-related perceptions (β=0·43, 95% CI=0·37, 0·51).Interpretation: PLWHA in China reported a relatively low WTR. Interpersonal communication and Internet/social media may be the major sources to convey information and promote COVID-19 vaccination in the population.Funding Statement: This work was supported by the Academic technology leader project of Changzhi Medical College (Grant No. XSQ201902), he Beijing Excellent Talent Plan (2018000021223ZK04) and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers R34MH119963.Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.Ethics Approval Statement: The Institutional Review Boards of Changzhi Medical College (RT2021003) approved this study.

Patients with Chronic Urticaria Remain Largely Undertreated: Results from the DERMLINE Online Survey.

IntroductionChronic urticaria (CU) is an unpredictable disease, with high disease burden and a significant negative impact on quality of life, especially in patients of working age. Many patients are undertreated, and there is poor awareness of strategies to manage patients with CU in the real-world setting. The current study aimed to gain a better understanding of CU from the patients’ perspective, including the body areas most affected by wheals and angioedema, the disease burden and current use of the healthcare system.MethodsA nationwide online survey was performed in Germany involving individuals who reported a diagnosis of CU and experienced symptoms within 3 months prior to inclusion.ResultsThis self-report survey included 1037 participants (89.2% female), with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 33.4 ± 11.0 years and a mean ± SD disease duration of 10.0 ± 9.4 years. On average, participants suffered from urticaria symptoms for 3.0 ± 4.3 years before diagnosis. In 73% of participants, symptoms worsened due to external factors, with the majority specifying stress in their personal life or work-related stress as eliciting factors. Within the previous 3 months, 87.4 and 44.1% of participants experienced wheals and angioedema, respectively, at multiple body areas, and most (79.6%) participants had uncontrolled symptoms as measured with the Urticaria Control Test. Despite the high burden of disease, 60.3% of participants stated that they were not currently receiving treatment. The most commonly used therapies to treat CU were oral (72.8%) and non-prescription (43.3%) and prescription (47.3%) topical drugs, with 18.0% of the participants receiving injectable/infused drugs.ConclusionThe majority of the participants responding to the survey reported that CU is not sufficiently controlled, thereby severely influencing a highly productive time in their life. The body areas most affected by wheals and angioedema are specified, based on data provided by a large group of affected participants. A greater awareness of disease burden and available treatment options is needed.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13555-021-00537-5.

134 Estimating the capacity of horse owners to absorb the surplus of wild horses

In FY2019, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) adopted or sold 8,548 wild horses and burros, but the remaining population still exceeded the appropriate management level by over 61,000 animals. In early 2019, BLM's acting head indicated that a key step in controlling the overpopulation of wild horses on federal lands is increasing private adoptions. Assuming that current or former horse owners represent the most feasible outlet, this paper explored the capacity of this population to absorb the surplus. We pursued this objective by utilizing social media to distribute a nationwide online survey of current and former horse owners. First, we asked whether respondents had adopted (or considered adopting) a wild horse before, whether they might consider it in the future, or whether they would never consider it. We then inquired about reasons for and barriers to adopting. All respondents except those in the last group were asked to report their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for wild horses with different levels of handling and training using a stated preference approach called the payment card method. With 2,247 complete responses, 2,041 respondents (90.8%) reported having adopted, considered adopting, or would consider adopting a wild horse in the future. The most commonly identified reason for having adopted previously was to provide a wild horse with a better life (n = 311, 63.7%), while the primary barrier to adopting was having appropriate facilities (n = 558, 52.2%). Interval regression analysis was utilized to estimate WTP for wild horses with 3 different levels of training: entirely unhandled, trained with basic ground manners, and started under saddle. Across the 3 models, preliminary results suggest that WTP for wild horses is consistently influenced by whether the respondent has adopted previously (+), years of experience with horses (+), age (-), and income (+) ( P < 0.05). Moreover, training before adoption positively influences WTP. For the average respondent, our results suggest that respondents are willing to pay an average of $282.03 more for a horse that has received training for basic ground manners and $539.21 more for a horse that has been started under saddle as compared with a completely unhandled horse. Within our sample, results indicate an overall positive perception of the private adoption of wild horses; if the main barriers to adoption can be overcome (lack of appropriate facilities and time/expertise to safely train an undomesticated horse), our results suggest general feasibility of the BLM's plan to solve, or at least significantly alleviate, the overpopulation of wild horses through private placement.

How do German schools cope with the Covid-19 pandemic? School during the corona pandemic in Germany

This article points out how German schools deal with the Covid-19 pandemic during and after the first national wide lockdown in spring 2020. The article describes the steps taken by the German Government concerning measures to combat the corona pandemic and the associated development of the framework conditions for schools. The different perspectives of teachers, students and parents during this time are reviewed based on the following studies KiCo and JuCo, a nationwide online survey about experiences and perspectives of young people during the corona measures by the research association “Kindheit – Jugend – Familie in der Corona-Zeit” and JIMplus 2020, an additional corona survey on media handling during school closure by Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (mpfs). Finally, there will be a discussion based on the representative study “Deutsches Schulbarometer Spezial” about how teachers cope with the new tasks related to the corona crisis.

Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in children and adolescents: Does this increasing diagnosis require a common guideline for pediatricians and pediatric surgeons?

BackgroundIn contrast to adults, for whom guidelines on the cholelithiasis treatment exist, there is no consistent treatment of pediatric patients with cholelithiasis throughout national and international departments, most probably due to the lack of evidence-based studies.MethodsWe evaluated the German management of pediatric cholelithiasis in a dual approach. Firstly, a retrospective, inter-divisional study was established, comparing diagnostics and therapy of patients of the pediatric surgery department with the management of patients aged < 25 years of the visceral surgery department in our institution over the past ten years. Secondarily, a nation-wide online survey was implemented through the German Society of Pediatric Surgery.ResultsManagement of pediatric patients with cholelithiasis was primarily performed by pediatricians in the retrospective analysis (p < 0.001). Pediatric complicated cholelithiasis was not managed acutely in the majority of cases with a median time between diagnosis and surgery of 22 days (range 4 days–8 months vs. 3 days in visceral surgery subgroup (range 0 days–10 months), p = 0.003). However, the outcome remained comparable. The hospital’s own results triggered a nation-wide survey with a response rate of 38%. Primary pediatric medical management of patients was confirmed by 36 respondents (71%). In case of acute cholecystitis, 22% of participants perform a cholecystectomy within 24 h after diagnosis. Open questions revealed that complicated cholelithiasis is managed individually.ConclusionsThe management of pediatric cholelithiasis differs between various hospitals and between pediatricians and pediatric surgeons. Evidence-based large-scale population studies as well as a common guideline may represent very important tools for treating this increasing diagnosis.

Cancer-related cognitive impairment in cancer: Examining portuguese cancer survivors’ acceptability and expectations regarding cognitive telerehabilitation interventions

IntroductionCancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is one of the most frequent and worrying side effects experienced by non-central nervous system (CNS) cancer survivors, generally related to cancer treatments. Considering its detrimental impact on quality of life, including work-related outcomes, it is necessary to identify effective intervention options. Cognitive rehabilitation is considered the first-line intervention to address CRCI, being effective at improving cognitive functioning. Internet-based interventions are emerging as important means of intervention in the field of cognitive rehabilitation (known as cognitive telerehabilitation), considering the potential to overcome accessibility issues and being cost-effective.ObjectivesTo assess the acceptability and expectations regarding such interventions, considering the scarce literature.MethodsA nationwide online survey was disseminated to Portuguese non-CNS cancer survivors, aged 18-65 years, who had finished active treatments, with no metastases/history of neurological or psychiatric disease/alcohol or drug abuse. Preexisting knowledge about CRCI, expectations for support to cognitive difficulties, Internet use for health and support purposes, and intervention needs and preferences in the context of cognitive telerehabilitation were examined; sociodemographic and clinical variables (e.g., age, education, employment status, cancer treatments), as well as cognitive complaints (Portuguese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive, FACT-Cog), were also assessed.ResultsFindings from this study are important to help health professionals and researchers understand and identify cancer survivors’ needs regarding cognitive telerehabilitation interventions.ConclusionsThis information could be used as a support and guide for the development and delivery of these interventions for non-CNS cancer survivors.

Health Care Workers' Mental Health During the First Weeks of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Switzerland-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic poses various challenges for health care workers (HCWs). This may affect their mental health, which is crucial to maintain high quality medical care during a pandemic. Existing evidence suggests that HCWs, especially women, nurses, frontline staff, and those exposed to COVID-19 patients, are at risk for anxiety and depression. However, a comprehensive overview of risk and protective factors considering their mutual influence is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring HCWs' mental health during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Switzerland, investigating the independent effect of various demographic, work- and COVID-related factors on HCWs' mental health.Methods: In an exploratory, cross-sectional, nation-wide online survey, we assessed demographics, work characteristics, COVID-19 exposure, and anxiety, depression, and burnout in 1,406 HCWs during the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Switzerland. Network analysis was used to investigate the associations among the included variables.Results: Women (compared to men), nurses (compared to physicians), frontline staff (compared to non-frontline workers), and HCWs exposed to COVID-19 patients (compared to non-exposed) reported more symptoms than their peers. However, these effects were all small. Perceived support by the employer independently predicted anxiety and burnout after adjustment for other risk factors.Conclusion: Our finding that some HCWs had elevated levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout underscores the importance to systematically monitor HCWs' mental health during this ongoing pandemic. Because perceived support and mental health impairments were negatively related, we encourage the implementation of supportive measures for HCWs' well-being during this crisis.

Consumer Attitudes toward Vertically Farmed Produce in Russia: A Study Using Ordered Logit and Co-Occurrence Network Analysis.

Vertical indoor farming under artificial lighting has gained attention as a novel means of food production. However, consumer acceptance of vegetable crops grown under artificial conditions is not well understood. Our nationwide online survey of 289 Russians gathered attitudes and opinions toward vertically farmed vegetables. Employing an ordered logit model and a two-mode co-occurrence network analysis, we show how respondents’ attitudes relate to their key demographic characteristics and opinions about the vegetables. Results indicate that respondents’ attitudes are heterogeneous and related to their region of residence, income level, and opinions regarding nutrients, safety, and taste. Respondents in the Central and Volga districts exhibited less favorable attitudes. Less favorably inclined respondents viewed the produce as unnatural, less nutritious, bad-tasting, and even dangerous, presumably because of misconceptions or lack of knowledge. On the other hand, respondents with monthly income above RUB 60,001 (1018 USD, 867 EURO) had relatively positive attitudes toward such vegetables. Respondents having positive attitudes saw the vegetables as safe, tasty, and of good quality. We discuss the political and commercial implications of these findings.

Preferences for coastal adaptation to climate change: evidence from a choice experiment

ABSTRACT Climate change adaptation is essential for coastal areas. This paper adds to the limited evidence on the trade-offs people are willing to make concerning coastal adaptation strategies along an entire coast of a state (Baltic Sea coast of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). The trade-offs are conceptualised in a choice experiment in terms of six attributes: the extent of beach nourishment, dyke heightening, cliff protection, access to dunes, realignment of dykes and dunes, and cost in terms of a coastal protection levy. The attributes were selected and designed in close cooperation, among others, with governmental decision-makers. Accounting for preference heterogeneity, we identified three latent groups among the participants of a nationwide online survey in Germany. Respondents who prefer extensive changes, respondents who are willing to pay only for an increase in dyke height, and respondents who are unwilling to cover additional expenses for adaptation. The aggregated welfare measures indicate that an adaptation scenario Recreation ranks highest followed by Safety and Nature. However, the scenarios do not represent unequivocal alternatives and provide essential insights into peoples’ preferences not only to policymakers and the administration in the case study region.

Research data services from the perspective of academic librarians

Purpose This study aims to investigate the perceptions of academic librarians regarding research data services (RDS) in academic library environments. This study also examines a range of challenges in RDS from the perspectives of academic librarians. Design/methodology/approach A nationwide online survey was administered to academic librarians engaged in data services at research universities around the USA. The collected survey responses were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics, hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. Findings Academic librarians perceived that consultation services would be more valuable to users than technical services in offering RDS. Accordingly, skills associated with consultation services such as instructional skills and data management planning were perceived by participants to be more important. The results revealed that academic libraries would need to seek collaboration opportunities with other units on campus to develop and offer RDS, especially technical services. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing body of research on the topic of data services in research universities. The study investigated various types of specific professional competencies and used clustering analysis to identify closely associated groups of service types. In addition, this study comprehensively examined both relevant resources for and barriers to RDS.

Demographic analysis of difficulties related to remote education in Poland from the perspective of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic all schools in Poland were closed and obliged to conduct lessons remotely. The aim of the study is to present the demographic analysis of difficulties with remote learning, as perceived by students during coronavirus pandemic in Poland. In April 2020, a nationwide online survey was conducted among adolescents aged 11-18 (N=2408). Quantitative and qualitative data were used. Teenagers were asked about the problems connected with remote learning. In order to examine the overall level of remote learning difficulties, a scale of remote learning difficulties (RLD) was devised (range 0-23 points). Differences connected with gender, age and place of residence were analysed. More than a half of the teenagers surveyed rated the increased demands from teachers as a major problem. This answer appeared statistically more often among girls than boys (59.6% v. 53.2%). Almost every third adolescent saw the lack of consultation (31.6%) as a significant problem. Difficulties related to learning in the remote system were most often described as considerable by the oldest students (17-18-years-old) and those living in rural areas. The big problem for them was usually much higher requirements of teachers and poor organization of distance learning. The mean level on the scale of remote learning burden was M=11.9 (SD=7.1). Technical difficulties and insufficient skills in using software constituted additional problems most frequently mentioned by students. There is a need to pay particular attention to organizing appropriate technical conditions for remote learning, especially in rural areas, where students have complained more often than in cities about equipment and problems with access to the Internet during the pandemic.

An Investigation Into the Use of Yoga in Recreational Therapy Practice

Yoga is used in health care with a variety of populations, but limited knowledge exists regarding the details of how yoga is implemented in recreational therapy (RT) practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how yoga is implemented in RT practice. As part of a nation-wide survey and through the use of individual interviews, this secondary analysis investigated how yoga is being used in RT practice across the United States. Sixteen recreational therapists completed both a nation-wide online survey and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative results describe the populations in which yoga is being used in RT practice, as well as the characteristics of recreational therapists who also are employing yoga in their RT practice. Then, conventional and summative content analysis identified four categories related to yoga in RT practice: recreational therapists’ practices, treatment planning, outcomes, and yoga intervention. The findings revealed that yoga is implemented with a variety of populations as part of RT practice. Yoga should be implemented by recreational therapists who are trained to teach yoga or provide population-specific yoga sessions to meet specific patient needs. Limitations of the study and implications are discussed.

Intentions to undergo primary screening with colonoscopy under the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea.

BackgroundWe sought to investigate intentions to undergo primary screening with colonoscopy in an attempt to predict future colorectal cancer screening behaviors and the feasibility of implementing colonoscopy as the primary screening modality for colorectal cancer in the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) of Korea.MethodsData were obtained from a nationwide online survey conducted in 2018. The survey included a total of 800 eligible adults aged over 45 years. Study measures included the history of screening colonoscopy within the past 10 years and intentions to undergo primary screening with colonoscopy under the NCSP based on the five constructs of the Health Belief Model. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with intentions to undergo primary screening with colonoscopy.ResultsApproximately 77% of the participants expressed strong willingness to undergo primary screening with colonoscopy under the NCSP. Higher perceived severity and perceived benefits were significantly associated with stronger intentions to undergo screening with colonoscopy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.14 and aOR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.76–4.28, respectively). Greater perceived barriers (aOR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45–0.93) were significantly associated with weaker intentions. Cues to action elicited the strongest screening intentions (aOR, 8.28; 95% CI, 5.23–13.12).ConclusionThe current study findings highlight the need for increasing awareness of the severity of CRC and the benefits of colonoscopy screening. Family-orientated recommendation strategies and reducing complications may boost an individual’s intentions to undergo colonoscopy.