National Transportation Systems Research Articles

Policy effectiveness in empowering traditional shipping in Indonesia: Government grant vessel program

Traditional shipping plays a crucial role in the national sea transportation system, serving inland areas, remote areas, and outer islands that are widely distributed throughout the country. However, there is still limited research on the problems of traditional shipping empowerment and its implementation. This research aims not only to analyze the obstacles encountered in empowering traditional shipping but also the implementation of the traditional shipping grant program. This study employed a quantitative descriptive approach, utilizing a likert scale, to analyze the issues that arise in the empowerment of traditional shipping. Additionally, for policy implementation analysis, the Hellmut-Wollmann policy analysis was used. The findings indicate that the most significant issues arise in the area of human resource development, such as a lack of competent teaching staff, insufficient short courses, complicated testing procedures, and the lack of crew certification. In the ex-ante stage, the variable of empowering traditional shipping transportation programs experienced the highest implementation rate. During the ongoing stage, the variable empowering traditional shipping services achieved the highest implementation score. And in the ex-post stage, traditional shipping services had the highest implementation score. This paper emphasizes the significance of collaboration and coordination among all levels of government, from the central to the local, in order to effectively implement the traditional shipping empowerment program. These findings also highlight the necessity of extending the traditional shipping grant program while making improvements in areas such as ship safety management regulations, the management and supply of traditional shipping terminals, the division of transportation types, and route determination policies.

Modern Development of Transport Infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan

The article is devoted to the analysis of the modern development of transport infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan. The work considers the key trends and directions of state policy in this area. The study shows that Kyrgyzstan has a stable positive dynamic in the development of various types of passenger and freight transportation. There is an increase in the volume of automobile, rail, air, and other transport services. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of large-scale infrastructure projects for the reconstruction and modernization of key highways connecting Kyrgyzstan with neighboring countries. This contributes to improving the quality and availability of transport communications, as well as the country's integration into regional and global logistics chains. In the aviation industry, measures are being taken to expand the route network of the national air carrier, improve the quality of airport services, and renew the aircraft fleet. Comprehensive measures in the field of transport infrastructure carried out in Kyrgyzstan are aimed at increasing the efficiency, competitiveness, and environmental friendliness of the national transport system, which plays a key role in ensuring economic growth and sustainable development of the country.

Current Transformation Challenges of National Transport and Logistics Systems under Conditions of Sanctions

Current Transformation Challenges of National Transport and Logistics Systems under Conditions of Sanctions

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CONTRACT CHANGE ORDER FACTORS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ROAD FACILITY PROJECTS

Road facilities are part of the national transportation system according to Article 25 in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. Road facilities in the form of sidewalks and crossings are crossings for pedestrians. The arrangement of sidewalks by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government is to improve urban infrastructure, where the percentage of sidewalk arrangements by 2022 will reach 5.58% of the length of roads in Jakarta. This research aims to determine the influence of factors Contract Change Order (CCO) on cost performance and implementation time for sidewalk arrangement activities, using structural equation modeling techniques-partial least squares (SEM-PLS). This research focuses on identifying the main CCO factors that directly influence cost performance, and indirectly influence implementation time performance through cost performance on road facility projects. There are 3 (three) types of research variables used; The independent variables consist of scope of work, planning, policy changes, specification changes, and coordination of related parties, the dependent variable is cost performance and the intervening variable is cost performance as a mediating variable of the influence of the CCO factor on time performance. The results showed that the coordination of related parties had a direct and significant positive impact on cost performance by 59%, and an indirect and significant impact on time performance through cost performance as a mediating variable by 37.7%.

Building Digital and Sustainable Transportation of Indonesia Air Transport

Air transportation as part of the national transportation system has an interest in building digital and sustainable transformation as part of the dynamics of public services which are directed towards world class services based on aspects of safety, capacity and efficiency, security, economic development and environmental protection. An implementation strategy approach that can be elaborated by capitalizing on software resources (infostructure & operation system transformation - transformation towards fulfilling compliance with ICAO SARPs, international best practices and domestic legislation/regulations), hardware (governance & portfolio transformation - transformation towards a sustainable public governance ecosystem both digitally) and brain ware (human capital transformation - human capital-based transformation) of the organization as well as optimizing the interface of science and technology and the related strategic environment in a directed, orderly and integrated manner through the 4 (four) "C" policy implementation method, namely Cooperation (stakeholder cooperation interests), Consensus (stakeholder agreement and agreement), Compliance (compliance with the implementation of laws, norms and ethics), and Commitment (firmness in carrying out planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating). With the belief that through the right and wise approach, the challenges of global priorities/strategic objectives as well as the dynamics of challenges in building digital and sustainable transformation of Indonesian air transportation can be controlled to realize safe, safe and comfortable Indonesian civil aviation.

National transport and logistics system: navigating challenges for development until 2030

This scientific article explores strategies for developing national transport and logistics system, taking into account external factors. The authors analyze potential directions for market diversification and infrastructure development, focusing on cooperation with Asia, Africa, and CIS countries. The main problems and prospects for the Russian economy are also discussed in the context of inflation and the need for government investment and regulation.

KAJIAN POLA SIRKULASI MANUSIA TERHADAP KENYAMANAN PENUMPANG KERETA REL LISTRIK PADA STASIUN TANAH TINGGI KOTA TANGERANG

Technological progress develops rapidly from time to time. Railways as a mode of transportation, especially mass transportation, cannot be separated from other modes of transportation used in the national transportation system which have their own characteristics and advantages of mass transportation. Train stations also need to further develop their potential and improve good human circulation patterns so that passengers feel comfortable. As a transit point, Tanah Tinggi Station is a class III/small train station which only has 2 railroad tracks located in Tanah Tinggi, Tangerang City. However, circulation at stations can be very ironic when public facilities at stations do not pay much attention to the use of circulation for users of rail services. The author sees many problems that arise related to human circulation for the comfort of Electric Rail Train passengers at Tanah Tinggi Station, Tangerang City. This study aims to provide an overview of human circulation patterns and spatial planning, especially at the Tanah Tinggi station, so as to obtain the concept of circulation patterns and good spatial planning to increase passenger comfort. On This research uses descriptive analysis methods carried out in 3 ways, namely, literature studies, conducting surveys of research objects, and conducting interviews with users and managers of the highland station. The research was conducted in 5 sections, (1) the main entrance of the building, (2) supporting building corridors, (3) counters, (4) ticketing areas, and (5) platforms. It can be said that the results of the analysis carried out were not good enough for passengers because they have not been able to meet the standards and eligibility according to the regulations so that the ease of circulation for pedestrians to move can be disrupted and uncomfortable.

REGULATORY AND LEGAL ENSURING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEMS

Topicality. The scientific article is devoted to the research analysis of the peculiarities of legal regulation and the construction of the architecture of the intellectualization of transport systems. Transport communications unite companies around the world and are a necessary prerequisite for the integrity of the country and its integration into the world economy through foreign economic activity. In this regard, the transport system is directly related to the economy and the social sphere. The transport policy of any state is characterized by national priorities at the micro and macro levels. A competitive transport system must have the following characteristics: be economically, ecologically and socially sustainable; to be able to recover effectively after natural disasters; have a developed and reliable IT infrastructure.The use of information systems in traffic management is associated with the rapid development of modern cities, an increase in the number of rolling stocks on the streets, new routes and other features. As a result, the amount of information needed for analysis and making operational decisions has increased significantly. The information component will become an integral part of city life. And for more effective use of all the possibilities of intelligent transport systems (ITS), legal regulation is necessary, which includes data protection, standardization, rules for the application of ITS achievements and their further development.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the research is to study the legal foundations of the concept of transport and logistics systems sustainable development.Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the analysis of legislative and legal methods of ensuring transport and logistics flows, economic and legal analysis using the general legal framework and special legal acts that regulate the activity of transport and logistics systems. The problem of intellectualization of environmental protection activities is considered both through structural changes in the international economy, through modern processes of development of national transport and logistics systems, as well as through the study of the complex network structure of global logistics chains, where both approaches complement each other.Research results. The rapid development of modern cities, the increase of vehicles on the streets, the development of new routes increases the amount of information necessary for analysis and making operational decisions. This, in turn, stimulates the active use of intelligent information technologies. And the creation of legal incentives for the development of the intellectualization of the transport and logistics system is one of the factors of strengthening the economy and improving the welfare of the population.Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to conduct an analysis of legal regulation and stimulation of the development of intelligent transport systems (ITS). In particular, at the international and regional levels. The main necessary elements of the comprehensive application of intelligent transport systems are standardization at the international level, in order to be able to create a global system for more efficient use of transport and achieving global goals in the safety of movement and reducing the impact of transport on the environment.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI MAHASISWA DALAM MENGGUNAKAN OJEK ONLINE

Transportation is a very important field of activities in the life of Indonesian people. Recognizing the importance role of transportation, traffic and road transportation must be organized in an integrated national transportation system and able to realize the availability of transportation services in accordance to the level of need. One of the most widely used transportation is ojek online. Of course, some factors become the influence of the use of online motorcycle taxis. One quantitative method that can measure customer perception using online motorcycle taxis is the Factor Analysis method, which is a statistical analysis used to find out the factors that underlie and show interrelationships between changemakers. Based on questionnaires distributed to 150 students in the FMIPA environment of Udayana University in 2021 and after an analysis of factors on questionnaire data, it was obtained that factors which influence students' decisions to use online motorcycle taxis are location and destination factors, service factors, application factors, and promotional factors. These factors can explain the diversity of students to use online motorcycle taxis by 34.666%; 28,897%; 22.563% and 10.873%. The dominant factor that mostly influence students' decision to use online motorcycle taxis is the factor of place and destination location that can be explained by 34.666%.

Progress toward SDG‐2: Assessing food security in 93 countries with a multidimensional indicator system

AbstractThe second goal of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (SDG‐2: zero hunger), which integrates food security, nutrition, and sustainable agriculture, is the common aim of human beings. Assessment of food security performance is the premise of understanding the global food security to tailor strategies toward SDG‐2. This study quantitatively assesses the food security of 93 countries using a multiple‐dimensional indicator system (MDIS) with five dimensions (i.e., availability, access, utilization, stability, and other) consisting of 34 indicators using the data for the years 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. The results show imbalance in global food security, which is generally high in Europe, Oceania, and North America, fair in East Asia and South America, and low in Africa and South Asia. In the dimensions, countries with low availability are mainly owing to the bad performances of indicators related to energy, protein, and meat supply; the low utilization is expressed in the number of obese adults, stunted children, prevalence of anemia of women, obese adults and overweight children; the low food access showed in the low GDP per capita and rail line density; and the low‐stability countries mainly have the high food import dependency and low political stability. Policy implications include promoting the adoption of agricultural technologies to boost food production, implementing inclusive finance among vulnerable groups to enhance health equality, developing national economy and transport systems to increase access to food, and encouraging local food reserves and calling for world peace to stable food supply. This study provides national governments and international organizations with a new MDIS, status quo, and possible solutions to eliminating hunger.

Numerical Assessment of the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges within the Italian Road Network

The safety of existing bridges represents a serious problem in Italy since these structures are fundamental for the national transportation system and, at the same time, can be subject to significant deterioration phenomena linked to the fact that the construction period typically dates back to the 1960s. This study involves the seismic analysis of five case study bridges belonging to the Italian Road Network. Using nonlinear time–history analysis with sets of code-spectrum compatible ground motions, analytical fragility curves have been constructed for each of the five bridges. The results obtained interpreting the analytical fragility curves agree with the fact that the seismic behavior of existing bridges can be problematic and that higher seismicity can be associated with more detrimental behavior. In particular, the results reveal that in regions with higher seismicity, the main problems in bridges are related to bearings and connecting elements located in the piers. Five case studies have also been analyzed to determine the Structural and Foundational Class of Attention and Seismic Class of Attention, following the approach proposed by the 2020 Italian Guidelines. In this way, it is possible to compare two different assessment approaches with different safety levels. The results obtained with the two approaches are in good agreement considering bridges in high seismicity regions, while the procedure of the Guidelines could lead to not reflecting the seismic behavior of bridges when the seismicity of the area is lower.

Performing Fatigue State Characterization in Railway Steel Bridges Using Digital Twin Models

Railway infrastructures play a pivotal role in developing the national transportation system. Recently, the strategy of the railway engineer has been significantly shifted; along with the development of new assets, they tend to pay increasing attention to the operation and management of existing railway assets. In this regard, this paper proposes a Digital Twin (DT) model to improve fatigue assessment efficiency in the operational processes of railway steel bridges (RSBs). The DT concept mainly lies in the federation and interaction of a Fatigue Analysis System (FAS), which is based on Eurocodes principles, and a model in Building Information Modeling (BIM). Along with the proposed DT concept, a prototyping system for a real bridge is initiated and curated. The FAS is validated in good-agreement results with the ambient vibration test of the bridge (about 1.6% variation between numerical and experimental values), and close values were found between numerical and experimental stresses, the latter obtained by installing strain gauges on the bridge. The BIM model provides access to the numerical values of fatigue state results in a given bridge connection detail but also automatically represents that information in a 3D environment using a color-scale-based visualization process. Furthermore, a simulation model with the main input variables being the traffic and geometric conditions of the bridge is continuously updated for timely re-evaluation of the damage state, which shows promise for the lifecycle management of the bridge.

An approach for accessibility assessment and vulnerability analysis of national multimodal transport systems.

A series of ambitious accessibility-oriented policies have been launched in the world, which center around improving accessibility via the national multimodal transport systems including road, airline, and railway. The national multimodal transport accessibility assessment is one of the "basic" analyses for the design and implementation of these policies, whereas existing national-scale accessibility studies either focus on single-mode or two-mode transport or ignore the schedule-dependent nature of railway and airline. This article models the integrated road, railway, airline, and walking transport as a four-layer network with the consideration of their interdependencies. An algorithm is then developed to accurately assess the travel time-based accessibility on the four-layer network with the consideration of the daily schedule of trains and flights. The proposed approach is applied to map accessibility to 363 cities in mainland China and analyze the optimal travel modes. In addition, this article investigates the travel time-based vulnerability of the national multimodal transport system in mainland China under the extreme storm recently occurred in Zhengzhou (July 2021). The findings in this work provide insightful suggestions for transport planners to design the national multimodal transport systems and for stakeholders to schedule travels.

Diagnostics of Subsystems of Material and Equipment Supply Chain: Delivery by Rail in Orenburg Region

The process of supply of enterprises with material and equipment is one of the most important conditions for uninterrupted and productive performance of economic entities. Therefore, it is important to pay attention not only to the number of transactions and purchases, and rational use of those resources but also to the time of delivery to enterprises, to the travel time. Delay in supply of necessary resources may cause reduction in production efficiency that further will result in losses for enterprises. This topic is relevant not only for individual business structures and organisations, or all over the national transport system, but from the regional aspect as well.The article using an example of Orenburg region considers not only general issues of development of regional transport and logistics system but also the features of rail transportation.The proposed classification of subsystems of supply chain management based on core activity indicators supposes further in-depth diagnostics to reveal the causes of occurrence of signs of inefficiency in rail transportation and their prompt elimination.

Airport Group Operational Capacity Assessment and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors: Taking Typical Chinese Airport Group as an Example

As an important transportation hub for air transportation, airports have played an important role in promoting regional economic and social development and improving the comprehensive national transportation system. The exploration of the key factors affecting the airport’s operational capacity are of great importance to the sustainable development of the civil aviation transportation industry. In order to investigate the effect of airport operation, this paper selects 13 major airports in China’s three major airport groups as the objects, defines the airport operational capacity by using entropy method combined with relevant indicators, calculates and sorts the operational capacity of sample airports, and analyzes the operational capacity of their internal airports by taking airport groups as units. By using the Tobit regression model, this paper analyzes the important factors that affect the operational capacity of sub-airports within the airport group. The results show that the economic level, urban development and the degree of opening to the outside world have a positive impact on the airport operational capacity. Different regional airport groups have different influencing factors on internal sub-airports’ operational capacity.

RESTORATION AND MODERNIZATION OF THE AIRPORT NETWORK OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CHANGES

A comprehensive analysis of the provisions of the Aviation Transport Strategy of Ukraine until 2030 was carried out. A number of negative consequences for the airport infrastructure and the aviation industry as a whole after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russian troops on the territory of Ukraine have been identified. The need to improve the structure of the national aviation transport system is substantiated in the theory of transport systems. The main tasks with the step-by-step implementation of the necessary measures for the restoration and modernization of the aviation industry of Ukraine in accordance with the draft Plan for the Restoration of Ukraine have been revealed. The main areas of adaptation of the general plans of cities to the modern needs of the region, taking into account the restoration of landscaping and rational spatial development, have been determined. The fact that the regulatory and legal regulation of air transport land use should be adapted to the standards of the European Union is burdened.

Development of the logistics and transport infrastructure of the border regions of Western Ukraine in the context of deepening integration with the European Union

Transport and logistics system of Ukraine is a circulatory system of the economy. In the conditions of war, it plays a vital role in the delivery of humanitarian, social, food, energy, and, above all, military aid to Ukraine. The ability of the national transport network to provide reliable just-in-time shipment of goods in the required quantity to the end consumers and the interoperability level of the national and European transport systems today are the factors influencing the risk formation processes on a global scale. The war in Ukraine has brought about rapid changes in shipping and logistics, as well as in the structure and volume of international and transit cargo flows. In 2019-2021, about 20-25% of cargo transportation by road transport in international traffic was carried out through the territory of russia and belarus; more than two-thirds of goods crossing (in physical terms) the customs border of Ukraine were sold through sea checkpoints. However, in 2022, compared to the previous year, the number of vehicles that crossed the customs border of Ukraine with EU countries has increased by 21%, especially with Romania - by 64%. Automobile transport became the leader in terms of the volume of imports brought into the country, and railway transport took the second place. The rapid growth in the volume of rail and road freight transportation to Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania has significantly increased the burden on the transport and border infrastructure of the border regions of Ukraine. In such conditions, the available capacity of the transport and logistics infrastructure in the Ukraine-EU cross-border space proved to be insufficient. Therefore, the article offers a methodical approach to the analysis of the logistics and transport infrastructure of the border regions of Ukraine, taking into account the peculiarities and prospects of its operation at the international (European), national, and regional levels. The components of the logistics and transport infrastructure are defined, and the integral indices of the logistics and transport infrastructure are calculated. Ways of efficient realization of the capacity and the development of the transport and logistics infrastructure of the border regions of Ukraine are suggested.

АНАЛИЗ СОСТОЯНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ РОССИИ И ДРУГИХ СТРАН В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The presented article is devoted to the study of the transport system of the Russian Federation. The paper provides an analysis of the impact of the transport industry on the national economy. The main indicators characterizing the contribution of the transport system to the economic security of the country are determined. The dynamics of changes in the analyzed indicators in comparison with similar parameters of the most developed economies of the world is considered. As a result of the conducted research, conclusions are drawn about the level of development of the transport industry and its impact on Russia’s GDP and trade balance. The assessment of the degree of involvement of the national transport system in the world economy is also given and the level of dependence of the national economy on the import of transport services is determined. The results obtained allow us to assess the prospects of the Russian transport system in providing conditions for economic growth and improving the competitiveness of the national economy.

Transportation mode choice model between private car and railway for responding the operation of Makassar - Parepare railway for Makassar - Pangkep route

The construction of the Makassar – Parepare Railway is an effort to support the integration of the national transportation system. The construction of the Maros-Barru Railway Line (± 71 KM) as part of the Makassar-Parepare line has been completed. In the context of the Operation of the Makassar - Pare-pare Regional Railway, it is important to carry out studies that are urgently needed in planning and making transportation policies. Mode choice is a unique issue and cannot be determined casually. And have been affectedby characteristics of the community/population as potential passengers along the operational area. This research was conducted to assess the level of probability of choosing the mode of community travel on the Makassar - Pangkep route. The research methodology was carried out by Stated Preference and data processing used the STATA program which was analyzed using the discrete choice analysis method approach to individual behavior. Apart from that, an estimation of the sensitivity of travelers is also carried out in determining the choice of mode if changes are made to the attributes of the trip. The mode choice model used is the Logit model for selecting two modes where the ones being reviewed are trains and private vehicles (cars). The results showed that the probability of choosing a train and a private car was 43% and 57%, respectively. The results of the sensitivity analysis show a negative direction, which states that the bigger/longer the attribute value, the lower the probability of choosing a train.

МУЛЬТИМОДАЛЬНІ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕННЯ ЯК ОДНА З ФОРМ ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА РИНКУ ТРАНСПОРТИХ ПОСЛУГ

The transport system is one of the basic branches of the economy, the stable and effective functioning of which provides the necessary conditions for national security, the integrity of the state, raising the standard of living of the population, as well as revenues to the State Budget. All transport complex components are important for the transit role performance of the country: road, rail, pipeline, water, air modes of transport, which require an effective management strategy and a clearly organized transportation process. The transport sector integration directions are focused on new developments and the efficiency of the transport modes choice and on multimodality. In recent years, there has been a steady trend towards globalization of the goods and services market, and Ukrainian trade market is not an exception. This leads to the need to use effective technologies for transporting products from producers to consumers. The most widespread among such technologies is the technology of multimodal transportation. Most often, multimodal transportation includes the transportation of goods in universal containers. Containerization of transportation is a progressive direction in the organization of cargo delivery, which allows to shorten cargo delivery times, reduce cargo losses during transportation, reduce logistics costs and generally increase the efficiency of the transportation process. Multimodal transportation provides convenience for export and import companies, frees from overloading of goods and the need to complete additional documents. In order to improve the organization of multimodal transportation, it is necessary to create comprehensive plans for the development of sea (river) ports and near-port railway stations; ensure the implementation of large-scale investment projects, including international, aimed at the development of transit transportation, in particular with regard to the development of port infrastructure, elimination of "bottlenecks" of railway infrastructure, improvement of operational reliability and technical characteristics of roads in the directions of international transport corridors, construction of border crossing points in accordance with modern European standards, which will strengthen the competitiveness of the national transport system.