National Press Research Articles

Investigation of Dust Explosion in Food Silos: A Review

In this article, dust explosion phenomena and the status of research conducted on silos are reviewed. Dust explosions cause loss of life and property in many industrial facilities. There are many recorded dust explosion cases in our country as well as in the world. For example, in our country, in 2023, a dust explosion occurred in the TMO Kocaeli General Directorate (Derince Port Silo), in which 2 people died and great material damage occurred, as reflected in the national press. When we look at the various dust explosion cases that have occurred in the world, it is understood that they mostly occur in silos used for storage in the agricultural and food sectors. Licensed warehouses have been established in many regions of our country in order to store basic and processed agricultural products that can be standardized with the Agricultural Products Licensed Warehousing Law No. 5300, which came into force after being published in the Official Gazette on 17/02/2005, in safe and healthy conditions in warehouses belonging to licensed warehouse enterprise and continues to be established. It is important to understand the many factors affecting dust explosion, such as dust dispersion, properties, discharge, etc., and to design silos according to these factors. These effects are tried to be determined and understood through experimental or CFD simulations.

Markaðsvæðing frétta: Greining á innihaldi frétta í tveimur dagblöðum og tveimur vefmiðlum fyrir og eftir hrun

Miklar breytingar hafa orðið í fjölmiðlun undanfarna áratugi. Breytingarnar eiga sér pólitískar, efnahagslegar og ekki síst tæknilegar rætur og hafa m.a lýst sér í samþjöppun eignarhalds, aukinni markaðsvæðingu og harðnandi samkeppni. Erlendar rannsóknir benda margar til þess að þessi þróun hafi haft veruleg áhrif á blaða- og fréttamennsku og fjölmiðlar leggi aukna áherslu á fréttir af glæpum, íþróttum og frægu fólki, en minni á fréttir af stjórnmálum, efnahagsmálum eða alþjóðamálum. Ýmsir fræðimenn hafa einnig haldið því fram að þessa sjái stað í netmiðlum í ríkari mæli en hefðbundnum miðlum á borð við dagblöð, þar sem eiginleikar netsins og stafrænnar miðlunar ýti undir slíkt. Ísland hefur ekki farið varhluta af þessum breytingum, en lítið er vitað um áhrif þeirra á efnið sem fjölmiðlar framleiða. Í þessari grein er gerð grein fyrir niðurstöðum rannsóknar á innihaldi frétta í stærstu dagblöðum og veffréttamiðlum hér á landi árin 2005 og 2013, eða fyrir og eftir efnahagshrunið 2008. Þær benda til þess að umfang frétta af pólitík og efnahagsmálum sé hlutfallslega minna nú en var fyrir hrun, en svokallaðar mjúkar fréttir, af íþróttum, afþreyingu og frægu fólki séu að sama skapi hlutfallslega fleiri. Það á einkum við um vefmiðlana en síður um dagblöðin.

The national press & its framing of Singlish: print media as a language planning and policy tool

ABSTRACT This article explores a significant gap in research on Singlish by examining The Straits Times (ST) as a language planning and policy tool. Using representation theory, legitimisation theory, and framing, it analyzes ST’s media coverage of Singlish across two periods. The article demonstrates how ST has not merely reported on Singlish but has actively engaged in status planning by legitimizing Standard English and delegitimizing Singlish. It argues that while ST does not formulate Singapore’s English language policy, it plays a crucial role in shaping public attitudes and containing Singlish. By analyzing ST articles, the article reveals how Singlish was initially portrayed as a ‘bogeyman’ but later acknowledged for its identity functions, suggesting a shift in how Standard Singapore English and Singlish are perceived in different social contexts.

Madman, psychopath, nut job. Media representations of people with mental disorders based on Polish daily press

The article presents the results of an analysis of the representations of people with mental disorders in the media, based on texts from the Polish national daily press. The analysis has shown that people with mental disorders are mostly portrayed in a negative context: either as overly emotional (beasts) or as people guided by pure reason (machines). Diff erences were also found in the description of psychopaths (charismatic, friendly) and madmen (dark, withdrawn, scary).

‘Social Darwinism has moved to the cycle path’: framings of micromobility in the Dutch and British press

The media’s agenda-setting function in terms of selecting and presenting issues to the public and policymakers is crucial for the urgently needed transition towards more sustainable mobilities, including how the media frames micromobility. Media framings are representations, a key component of mobility, alongside physical movement and practice, all involving power relations. Drawing on mobility studies and discourse analysis, this paper compares how the Dutch and British national press frame micromobility. We identify five frames of micromobility: (1) as sustainable and active shift, predominant in the British press; (2) as disruption of the Dutch pedal-powered cycling regime; (3) as catalyst of conflicts in public space, both in the Dutch and British press; (4) around the shortcomings of micromobility regulations in both contexts; and (5) concerning lifestyle in the Dutch context. We demonstrate how media framings of micromobility only limitedly discuss its potential to transition from automobility, focusing instead on social status changes, regulatory challenges, and conflicts between different forms of micromobility, that are already marginalized. Our findings emphasize the urgency to put the transition from automobility—the elephant in the room—on the agenda.

Freedom of speech and the right to information in gemeronyms of the periodical press of Yakutia (1887-1928)

This article examines the connection of the gemeronyms of Yakut periodicals with cultural and historical phenomena, where the desire for freedom of speech and the right to information influenced the formation and dissemination of a democratic and national press in Yakutia. However, during the historical process, there was no stable media system during this period. Consequently, the press of Yakutia reflected the movement of the socio-political life of that time and depended on fluctuations in political power. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in Yakut journalism, an attempt was made to comprehend and systematise the names of newspapers and magazines as an independent unit, taking into account its functional specificity in communication processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarity of the reflection of freedom of speech and the right to information in the gemeronyms of newspapers and magazines in Yakutia in the pre–revolutionary period, after the February Revolution and during the period of liberalisation of Soviet power. The relevance of studying the gemeronym has become the basis for further research, which is due to its special role in the historiographical process as a whole. In our case, a distinctive feature of the media onomasticon is its interdisciplinarity. The study used methods of observation and content analysis of the hemeronyms of periodicals as onomastic realities. In addition, the method of retrospective analysis using "keywords" and "key meanings" is used to systematise the history of the Yakut periodical press.

О ДРЕСС-КОДЕ БИБЛИОТЕЧНОГО СПЕЦИАЛИСТА

The article reveals the results of several studies about the dress code in-troduction in the libraries published in the national press. The experience of introducing a dress code in some libraries of Buryatia and Yakutia (Sakha) is highlighted. The practice of teaching the students - future librarians the dress code at East Siberian state institute of culture is considered. The author’s re-flections, observations, and conclusions on the subject matter of the publica-tion are presented.

Actions of the Italian government regarding prisoners of war of Italian nationality of the Austro-Hungarian army during World War I

Importance. From 1915 to 1917, a camp for Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war of Italian nationality functioned in Kirsanov, Tambov Governorate, who accepted the offer of the Italian government to send them to Italy and subsequently join the ranks of its armed forces. The Italian government decided to carefully select prisoners of war based on their political and national trustworthiness, thereby delaying repatriation. Prisoners of war began to write to irredentist associations in Italy and the national press, thereby putting pressure on the Italian government. As a result of these actions, the Italian government changed course to send prisoners of war as soon as possible. The activities of prisoners of war are insufficiently covered in modern historiography. The purpose of the study is the impact of the media on the Italian government, which was provided by prisoners of war of the Austro-Hungarian army of Italian nationality in Tambov Governorate during World War I, aimed at accelerating repatriation to the Italian Kingdom.Materials and Methods. The source base is archival materials, as well as a number of published studies. The retrospective method is used, which allows to recreate, in individual details and later sources, the actions of the Italian government in relation to Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war of Italian nationality.Results and Discussion. It is shown that the sending of prisoners of war to Italy was delayed at the initiative of the Italian government. The prisoners of war who were in the Kirsanov camp were able to put pressure on the Italian government with the help of the media. In the spring of 1916, the government, realizing the possible negative consequences, agreed in favor of all prisoners of war who agreed to join the Italian armed forces, rather than limiting it to a few officers who could pay for the trip.Conclusion. While waiting to be sent to Italy, a group of soldiers and officers, being prisoners of war, contacted the national press and irredentist associations. The purpose of these appeals was to put pressure on the Italian government, which was supposed to speed up the repatriation of prisoners of war.

The challenging significance of the category “Muslim” in France: A socio-historic overview from the national press (1980-2020)

The challenging significance of the category “Muslim” in France: A socio-historic overview from the national press (1980-2020)

Troubled waters? The disproportionate impact of lead water pollution: Evidence from three American communities

<p>Although water is considered essential to life and an important natural resource, disadvantaged communities, such as low-income and minority communities, are disproportionately burdened by lead exposure in drinking water. In this paper, we highlight case studies that have received national press coverage as well as recent examples of community lead poisoning hazards that are still ongoing across various regions of the US. We show through these three case studies of Flint, Michigan, Washington, D.C., and Birmingham, Alabama, that the severity and frequency of this pervasive public health problem are highly concentrated in minority and low-income populations, and thus they bear the brunt of the socio-economic impacts. We identify the use of sensors to improve detection of hazardous materials and decrease inequities in drinking water contamination. To address water-related equity issues, we call for a sustainable community capacity approach that consists of shared governance between those who live in a community and stakeholders, such as businesses and health services, who have vested interests in it. We conclude by highlighting ways that a community could build collective social capital, safeguarding its environment from lead poisoning through health literacy education. Promoting water literacy is highly significant since water knowledge is crucial towards achieving water sustainability and equity.</p>

Examining opinion journalism in the United Arab Emirates national press: A comparative analysis

This study provides a comprehensive examination of the primary characteristics of opinion journalism within two prominent newspapers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Utilizing a content analysis approach, a systematic random sample comprising 560 opinion articles published in 2022 was analyzed from these two printed newspapers in the UAE. The findings unveiled a predominance of male columnists (87%) and a predominant focus on international issues (67%) within opinion journalism featured in the leading UAE newspapers. Interpretation emerged as the primary goal (37%), with political topics ranking highest on the agenda (37%). Noteworthy differences were observed between the newspapers at the individual level, with nearly half of Al-Ittihad’s columnists being local, while The National’s writers exhibited a more international profile. Moreover, issues pertinent to the Emirates garnered less attention in The National compared with Al-Ittihad. In addition, while The National prioritized interpretation, Al-Ittihad leaned toward providing information. Furthermore, The National predominantly addressed political and conflict issues, whereas Al-Ittihad focused on political and social issues. The study’s implications and limitations are deliberated upon in further detail.

'Altogether Abnormal': Consumer-Citizens, Outsizes, and Clothes Rationing, 1941-9.

During the Second World War and the austerity period that followed it, the British government operated clothes rationing as a welfare policy. Its official aim was to ensure that all citizens had equal access to essential clothing. Despite being associated with the principle of 'fair shares', rationing did not work well for large-bodied consumers. Government agents' assumptions about citizens' bodies generated a rationing scheme that overlooked large bodies. As a result, rationing regulations and economic controls amplified the normalizing impulses of mass production, creating a constant shortage of ready-made large garments and a market in which purchasing power and access to goods depended on body size. Struggling to navigate this market, consumers attempted to hold the government accountable for its declarations of equality. Tracing this issue in government records and in local, national, and trade press, this article discusses how the conflicting motivations of state, trade, and citizens shaped rationing in a way that prioritized the culturally and statistically 'normal' and reflects on what mass welfare meant for citizens with 'abnormal' needs.

NCCN Policy Summit: Cancer Across Geography.

Geographic location of a patient directly impacts access to care, including preventive screenings and early detection. Although there is a higher prevalence of the most common cancers in urban areas, mortality rates are higher in rural communities. Notably, indigenous communities residing on tribal lands often experience heightened access issues and environmental exposure to known and probable human carcinogens. The burdens associated with a cancer diagnosis can be exacerbated by various barriers to accessing quality care; however, there are emerging best practices to overcome these barriers. Understanding the interplay between geography and a patient's access to cancer care services is crucial for addressing existing disparities and ensuring equitable health care provision across regions. By leveraging innovative policy and practice solutions, communities can begin to close care gaps and establish bidirectional trust between patients and providers across the care continuum, which is necessary to enact meaningful reforms. To advance the conversation on geographic disparities and strategies that mitigate associated barriers to care, NCCN hosted the Policy Summit "Cancer Across Geography" on June 15, 2023, at the National Press Club in Washington, DC. Through keynote addresses and multistakeholder panel discussions, this hybrid event explored care imbalances across geography, recent policy and technology advancements, and current challenges associated with cancer care. This created a forum for a diverse group of attendees to thoughtfully discuss policies and practices to advance high-quality, effective, efficient, equitable, and accessible cancer care for all. Speakers and attendees featured multidisciplinary clinicians, epidemiologists, community oncologists, researchers, payers, patient advocates, industry, providers, policymakers, and leaders representing underserved communities, among others.

Challenges of Access to Treatments: The Case Of Laron Syndrome and the Fight For Social Inclusion

Objective: To identify and disseminate the challenges faced by patients with Laron syndrome in accessing Mecasermin treatment in Ecuador. Theoretical Framework: Laron syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterised by metabolic disorders such as hypoglycemia and severe growth retardation. Treatment with Mecasermin improves growth and thus quality of life for those affected. Ecuador has the largest Laron syndrome population in the world, extensively studied contributing to understanding the peculiarities and needs of these patients. Method: Official documents, letters, news articles from national and international press, and legal and medical databases were reviewed. Legal and medical advice was sought for this study. Results and Discussion: Over approximately ten years, a group of parents pursued national and international legal action to provide their children with the only scientifically validated treatment for this syndrome. However, authorities denied these requests without justification. It was only after the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights report the admissibility of this case that Ecuador began administering medication to children with Laron syndrome. Research Implications: Increase public awareness of this rare disease and barriers faced by those affected, fostering empathy, and understanding of patients' needs. Originality/Value: Identification of specific barriers to accessing treatment, while the quality of life of patients and their families is affected.

Printing School Democracy from Below: Student Press Activities as Collective Action in Mid-Post-War Sweden

This article deals with the growth of a national school student press in Sweden during the 1950s and first half of the 1960s. It outlays the role of student magazines in furthering school democracy by investigating the nationwide periodical SECO-aktuellt and the press organisation SVEP (Svensk Elevpress). The article departs from an understanding of press activity among school youth as a form of collective action during the mid-post-war period. This activity became part of a pupil movement that demanded increased influence and participation in decision making, as well as expanded forms of self-government. Drawing from earlier historical research, the article portrays this press activity as taking place “from below” since youth often was marginalised in the past and not always seen as legitimate historical actors. The article also deploys perspectives from research on social movements, and analyses school student press activities in Sweden as “repertoires of contention.”

Analysis of the Notoriety of General Press and Radio Media in Spain

Digitalisation has transformed the dynamics of interaction between the media and its audience, requiring rapid transmission of information and adaptation to the diversity of approaches in the current media space (Casero-Ripollés, 2010; Peña Fernández et al., 2019). This research seeks to determine the notoriety of the main Spanish national generalist press and radio media. It also aims to evaluate the differences in recognition according to the socio[1]demographic characteristics of the subjects. The study is of an inferential-correlational type and employs a quantitative approach methodology, with a questionnaire as a data collection tool and a sample of 385 participants randomly distributed throughout Spain. Statistical procedures such as correlation matrices and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to study the relationships between variables. The results reveal that El País leads in notoriety among newspapers, while SER stands out among general radio stations. The select groups are completed by El Mundo and ABC; and the COPE, respectively. Level of education, nationality, age and socio-economic status are the variables that show statistically significant inter-group differences in terms of cumulative recognition indexes. However, in the case of radio, relevant variations are also observed in terms of ideological issues, potentially marked by a circumstantial component. It is worth noting that in none of the scenarios measured does gender act as a differentiating variable. The conclusions reveal a notoriety of the media relatively in line with their audience ratings, although there are other conditioning elements, such as the trajectory of the medium

Visual representations of community in scholastic photojournalism: A thematic analysis of award-winning photographs from the national scholastic press association’s photo of the year contest

While journalism awards can enhance social capital and signify quality, they often reinforce a limited, negative perspective of what is newsworthy. This study builds on existing research examining award-winning photojournalism by focusing on the understudied population of student photojournalists. Via a qualitative analysis of 229 photographs from the National Scholastic Press Association’s Photo of the Year Contest, this research analyzes major visual themes and prevalent news values in award-winning scholastic photojournalism. The results from this exploratory study indicate that student journalists visually represent high school as a place for connection, collaboration, and citizenship and present a uniquely positive portrayal of their world. The findings also suggest that conventionalization of topics, tone, and techniques is present in student photojournalism award contests although the themes that are reinforced by this conventionalization are dissimilar to what has been observed in professional photojournalism contests.

“Being there”: How Photojournalists Navigate Making Images During the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, this paper explores visual journalists personal experience with safety concerns as they gather imagery. It delves into visual journalists’ impressions of organizational support and job satisfaction in times of crisis and how that relates to the images they produced and their impression of the journalism industry broadly. In this exploratory study, scholars partnered with the National Press Photographers Association (NPPA) to survey 161 visual journalists about how they conducted their work in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, exploring the question: How has the pandemic affected visual journalists tasked with bearing witness and making images that must take place in person? Guided by the hierarchy of influences model, findings indicate that visuals journalists (individuals) and their routines were disrupted during the pandemic, leading to subsequent changes in visual content produced. Moreover, journalists experienced decreases in overall job satisfaction, especially when they felt their news organizations did not prioritize their safety. This research discusses what this means for photojournalism and how professionals should reexamine the burden of bearing witness.

Emergency Regulatory Procedures, Pharmaceutical Regulatory Politics, and the Political Economy of Vaccine Regulation in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Context: Regulatory approaches to COVID-19 vaccine authorizations varied substantially across countries. Facing a common public health threat, what accounts for regulatory variation? This study focuses on emergency pharmaceutical and vaccine regulatory procedures and whether and how regulators' emergency pharmaceutical regulatory procedures going into the pandemic shaped regulatory processes and decisions during the pandemic. Methods: The authors conducted an analysis of seven high-impact national and international pharmaceutical regulators with case studies from Brazil, China, India, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Medicines Agency. The authors analyzed evidence from primary source executive and legislative branch regulations and statutes as well as national and international scientific and general press reporting; they also drew on the secondary analysis of scholars, practitioners, and international organizations. Findings: Inherited emergency pharmaceutical and vaccine regulatory procedures substantially shaped COVID-19 vaccine regulation during the pandemic. Variation in the presence and content of emergency regulatory procedures affected the quality of pandemic regulatory processes, outcomes, and procedural updates and differentially empowered policy-making experts and elected politicians. Conclusions: Emergency regulatory procedures affect key features of regulatory political economy and public health practices during crises. To improve future public health crisis responses, the authors provide policy recommendations for (1) establishing clear emergency pharmaceutical regulatory procedures, and (2) international collaboration.

The Conceptual approach to experiential tourism: presence, use and scope of a new tourism model

The main objective of this paper is to present an analysis of the presence, use, and scope of the concept of so-called experiential tourism in local, regional, and national press and online media in Spain. Factiva® was the search tool used to do this through a quantitative and qualitative content analysis complemented by a case study of a sample of companies that illustrate this growing tourism model.
 Of the total number of news items published (1.262 in 89 reference newspapers) concerning the subject under analysis, the results show a gradual increase since 2007, with 2021 being the year with the highest number of news items, a total of 247, coinciding with an increase in demand for this type of activity, following the health situation caused by COVID-19. The year 2022 also shows a high presence of news. All this supports the growth of tourism practices more closely related to a sustainable viewpoint and the demand for more genuine and meaningful tourism practices.