National Unity Research Articles

Applicability of Ujamaa Policy in Social Work Education in Tanzania Regarding Ubuntu Philosophy – A Literature Review

A literature review on the applicability of Ujamaa Policy in Social Work Education in Tanzania Regarding Ubuntu Philosophy. The late first president of Tanzania and Ubuntu champion (2014) Dr. Julius Kambarage Nyerere made deliberate efforts to decolonize education policy and systems in post-colonial Tanzania including education for self-reliance policy in 1967 under Ujamaa policy. Ujamaa is among the core values of Ubuntu philosophy that influenced social work education in Tanzania through the Ujamaa Intersections Model from pre-colonial to the present. In Ubuntu philosophy education is collectively developed and owned by the community and Tanzania’s social work education is integrated through the Ujamaa Intersections Model. Arusha Declaration of 1967 through the Ujamaa Policy strategically restored and integrated Social Work education through the Ujamaa Intersections Model that linked education and community. Compatibility of the Ujamaa Intersections Model and social work education facilitated self-reliance, voluntarism, community participation, cooperation, and empowerment by allowing community sections to take collective and holistic control of available resources for universal welfare. As per Ubuntu philosophy, the realization of Universal welfare in the country covered all community members regardless of their social status but emphasized vulnerable populations including orphans, disabled, elders, sick persons, pregnant women, etc. Over time, the applicability of social work education was in line with the Ujamaa Policy, and despite the colonial legacy in early social work programs, the content reflected the Ujamaa intersections Model. Ujamaa Policy addressed tribalism, and promoted national unity, solidarity, and cooperation spirit relevant to community development in the country, with more than 120 ethnic tribes requiring a comprehensive and collective cultural diversity social work relevant model of education to address existing social problems and collective sustainable future of Tanzania’s National Vision of 2050 and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Conflict among the National Union of Road Transport Workers in Akure, Nigeria: causes, consequences and management strategies

This study examined the causes, consequences, and strategies for managing organizational conflict among the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) in Akure, Nigeria, to achieve sustainable peace and harmonious relationships among union members, and actualize better transport service delivery to the larger society. A survey design was adopted to elicit primary data through questionnaires and in-depth interviews with NURTW members. Desk research was also used to gather relevant information from the literature. Hundred (100) questionnaires were purposively and randomly administered to commercial drivers who are members of the National Union of Road Transport Workers in Akure. The survey was done across three major parks in Akure: Cathedral Park, Ondo Road Park and Benin Garage Park. They were selected because they are mostly dominated by the members of NURTW, and mostly patronized by passengers. The data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive and inferential statistics; in the form of frequencies, percentages, bar charts, and logistic regression. The study found that most of the NURTW members were males, and were majorly in the economic productive year between the ages of 35 and 45. Findings further revealed that government or political interference is a major cause of conflict among NURTW members. The aftermath of conflict among the union usually resulted in disruptions of the union activities and destruction of lives and properties. The bargaining approach in managing conflict is the most effective strategy for addressing conflict among NURTW members in Akure, Nigeria.

Memperkuat Persatuan Bangsa di Era Globalisasi Mahasiswa Prodi Teknik Elektro Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya

The era of globalization brings big challenges to the unity of the Indonesian nation, including among students. This research focuses on the role of Electrical Engineering Study Program students at PGRI Adi Buana University, Surabaya in strengthening national unity amidst globalization. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach, involving in-depth interviews and participatory observation of 5 Electrical Engineering students. The research results show that students can contribute through: 1) Understanding and interpreting the concept of national unity, 2) Applying the principles of unity in their daily activities, 3) Working together with students from other majors to strengthen national unity, 4) Contributing to maintaining national values in the era of globalization, 5) Using social media responsibly.

BRAINWASHING SCHEMES AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH RADICAL POTENTIAL THROUGH STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

This study aims to examine the psychological aspects of brainwashing schemes among adolescents with radical potential within student organizations at University X. Adolescence is a period of contradictions, where psychological stability is often fragile, and emotions can be difficult to control. This instability can lead to behaviors that undermine national unity, as evidenced by the growing tendency of youth toward religious radicalism. According to data from Babel Review (2019), based on a 2017 survey by the National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT), the Bangka Belitung Islands Province ranks fifth nationally in radicalism potential within educational settings. The rise of religious radicalism is often rooted in fragmented religious understanding, misinterpretation of religious texts, and political and economic deprivation, as noted by Azyumardi Azra. This study employs a qualitative methodology to explore the internal cadre training processes within radical organizations, particularly focusing on the brainwashing techniques used in recruiting new members. The findings reveal that these brainwashing practices are systematically and structurally implemented within such organizations, posing a serious threat to social harmony and national unity. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the radicalization process among adolescents and provides insights into more effective preventive strategies through educational and psychological interventions.

HAMKA's Thoughts on the Integration of Islamic Values and Indonesian Nationalism

The article focuses on the integration of Islamic values and Indonesian nationalism as interpreted by Hamka. In contemporary Indonesian society, there is a recurring tension between religious values and national identity, often resulting in societal discord and fragmented national unity. The purpose of this study is to analyze and elucidate Hamka’s perspectives on the harmonization of Islamic teachings and Indonesian nationalism. By examining Hamka’s works and thoughts, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Islamic values can coexist and support the principles of Indonesian nationalism. The method used in this research is a descriptive-analytical method with an integration and interconnection approach. The primary data used in this research are Hamka's works. At the same time, the secondary data in this research are books, journal articles, and other websites that discuss Hamka's thoughts. The results showed that in applying and integrating Islamic values in the frame of nationality and Indonesianness, Hamka divided it into three main thoughts. First, Islam and the vision of humanity. The vision of Islam is a religion for all mankind and humanity and religion for the next generation, so that religious da'wah is sustainable, renewed, and emphasized to oneself the family, and society; Second, nationality and freedom. The spirit of nationality arises from true faith and does not break away from the roots of "tawhid"; Third, Indonesianness and welfare.

Relevance of Vernacular in the Contemporary World: Use of Vernacular Languages in the Presidential Debates in Indonesia

Language is the main instrument in the political communications in elections around the world. It has become equally important in the last Indonesian presidential candidate debate. The linguistic aspects of the construction of debates that discuss various themes regarding existential problems in the Indonesian republic has far-reaching consequences. In them, the numerous ethnic groups in Indonesia must be accommodated as much as possible in order to guarantee a sense of national unity. In the contemporary Indonesian political discourse, the sense of national unity is torn apart as a result of Papua being still turbulent with some people trying to separate themselves. In this context, the employment of regional languages in the presidential debate contributes to manifest the politics of language into a reflection of the presidential candidates' ability in recognizing the languages of all the vernacular ethnic groups. This research examines the use of vernacular languages in the presidential debates in Indonesia. The research employs descriptive qualitative research methods. Data source is the recorded text of the 2024 presidential candidate debates obtained from the TV broadcasts. Data collection involved ‘listening’ and note-taking as the techniques. The data analysis technique employed Norman Fairclough's critical discourse theory. The analysis examined the text as a construction of social identity, social relations, and meaning. The results show that in this debate, there has been a strong emphasis on the recognition of social identity of the people of Indonesia. The three regional languages used by the presidential candidate Anies Baswedan in the debate reflect these identities of different ethnic groups: Java, Sunda and Maluku. what Anies highlighted was his efforts to bring about interactions among the ethnic groups. He argued that they must interact with each other to produce Indonesia as a unified nation. Anies has employed the languages to articulate philosophical meanings related to the struggle, nobility, consistency, honesty, wisdom and femininity

BloFoPASS: A blockchain food palliatives tracer support system for resolving welfare distribution crisis in Nigeria

With population rising to approximately 200 million Nigerians – fast-paced, urbanization has continued to advent food insecurity with maladministration, corruption, internal rife, and starvation. These, threatened the nation's unity with the lockdown of 2020; and consequently, have now become the trend. Nigeria must as a nation, re-examine her methods in the administration of palliatives (in lieu of food and relief) distribution – as the above-listed issues have become of critical need in the equitable distribution of reliefs, both from the humanitarian agency view, and the Government (State and Federal). They have noticed non-transparency, corruption, and data inadequacies, as major drawbacks in its management. Our study presents a blockchain ensemble for the administration of food palliatives distribution in Nigeria that first ensures, that all beneficiaries be registered, and the food palliatives are sensor-tagged and recorded on the blockchain. Results show the number of transactions per second and page retrieval abilities for the proposed chain were quite low with 30-TPS and 0.38seconds respectively – as compared to public blockchain. Proposed ensemble eliminates fraud that is herein rippled across the existing system, minimizes corrupt practices via sensor-based model, provides insight for stakeholders, and minimize the error in reported data on the supply chain.

The Value of Pancasila as an Ideological Based for the Development of the Legal System in Indonesia

Indonesia is a multicultural society with personal and group consciousness. Legal progress in Indonesia was influenced by cultural and community awareness. Indonesia is a multicultural culture with diverse legal awareness. Although Indonesia has many cultures, the equation should be applied to construct a legal union. Pancasila is the intellectual foundation for Indonesia's unitary state; hence, passing a national law must be founded on it and the 1945 Constitution as the supreme rule to achieve national unity. This study will show that the law enacted today does not reflect Pancasila and impressed liberalism because it is draughted and enforced on the basis of normative thinking rather than empirical thinking about the case and plural society. Methodology Pancasila and culture's role in legislation that impacts the other will be thoroughly examined in this article. Thus, for the welfare of the nation and public awareness of the law, this study will explain the need for systemic and continuous legal systems that reflect the Indonesian nation, namely Pancasila-based legislation.

Pergeseran dan Pemertahanan Bahasa Daerah Pengrajin Kayu di Kabupaten Tegal

This research examines the maintenance and shift of Javanese and other regional languages among wood craftsmen in Tegal Regency, Indonesia. Regional languages are integral to cultural identity, and their retention or shift reflects broader social and cultural dynamics. Using a qualitative case study approach, data was collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The study employs thematic analysis to provide an in-depth understanding of language use patterns. Findings reveal a linguistic dualism in the community. While Indonesian dominates formal situations, reflecting adaptation to broader communication needs, Javanese and other regional languages prevail in daily interactions, indicating the continuity of local cultural traditions. This language shift and maintenance are influenced by social context, education, and work environment factors. The study contributes to our understanding of language ecology in multilingual Indonesian contexts, drawing on Fishman's domain analysis. It highlights how communities navigate between national and regional languages, adapting to different communication needs while preserving cultural identity. These findings have implications for language policy and cultural preservation efforts in Indonesia, particularly in balancing national unity with linguistic diversity.

URGENSI PEMAHAMAN WAWASAN NUSANTARA BAGI GENERASI MUDA DI ERA GLOBALISASI

Abstract Globalization continues to develop and has a significant impact on human life, including the younger generation. Every aspect of life is influenced by social, economic, political and cultural aspects. Understanding the insight of the archipelago is very important in this day and age. where many negative impacts are caused and the lack of understanding of the archipelago's insight by the community, especially the current generation. Based on this, this research aims to provide an understanding to the younger generation of the importance of understanding the archipelago's insight. This research is a literature study that reviews and discusses previous research articles on the importance of understanding archipelago insight for the younger generation. the results obtained are that Archipelago Insight has an important role in realizing the same perception for all Indonesian citizens. Development and socialization of archipelago insight is very important for Indonesian citizens, especially for the younger generation today in the era of globalization which affects all aspects of life that can endanger the unity and integrity of the Indonesian nation.

Nilai Nasionalisme dan Religiusitas dalam Cerita Rakyat Ki Gede Sebayu

The Ki Gede Sebayu folktale was one of the most renowned stories from Tegal and one of the founding figures of Tegal city. This study aimed to examine the depiction of nationalism and religiosity values in Ki Gede Sebayu folklore through three main aspects: infrastructure development, the role of religion, and community capacity building. A descriptive-qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through literature study and directed observation and analyzed using Levi-Strauss structuralism theory. The results indicate that the folklore of Ki Gede Sebayu reflected a number of values associated with nationalism, including love for the country, togetherness, mutual cooperation, courage, sacrifice, social justice, loyalty to the country, and exemplary leadership. Additionally, the value of religiosity is reflected through the spread of Islamic propagation as well as the construction of mosques and Islamic boarding schools. The conclusion of the Ki Gede Sebayu folklore was that it reflects the values of nationalism and religiosity. As a result, it was an important source of inspiration in the construction of the unity and pride of the Indonesian nation.

Defects of democracy: The continuity of identity politics in post-reform regional elections

Identity politics in Indonesia is more closely related to issues of race, religion, ideology and local interests than other issues. This research aims to determine the impact of identity politics in every regional election (pilkada) in Indonesia. There are various ways in winning regional election (pilkada) strategies used by each candidate, one of which is the use of identity politics. Identity politics is a sign of the flaws in the nation’s democracy that has been built since the reform was initiated. There are still many political elites who still preserve their political identity, hampering democratic development. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with arguments built from facts and supported by secondary sources. The results of this research found that in the regional elections (pilkada) in several regions, it was proven that political identities were still visible, such as politicizing religion and certain ethnic symbols, which were involved in the victory of one of the candidates. Apart from that, this research also explains the history of democracy that has occurred in regional elections (pilkada), showing the political identities that still exist in them. This study concludes that one of the impacts of identity politics is the erosion of national unity which results in the Indonesian nation’s national resilience faltering.

FROM THE ‘IMPOSSIBLE’ LUKASHISM TO THE NEW BELARUS: ON THE WAY TO OVERCOMING POST-AUTHORITARIAN CULTURAL TRAUMA

The article analyzes the phenomenon of the “impossible” stability of the authoritarian regime of A. Lukashenko, as well as the key reasons for its deep crisis, which led to the protests of 2020. The events of 2020 became a stressful “bifurcation point” in the evolution of lukashism and led to its transformation into a harsh repressive regime. Based on the concept of cultural trauma by P. Sztompka, the authors analyze how traumatization of Belarusian society occurred during the period of lukashism. The cultural trauma of lukashism becomes the most important sociocultural task in the process of transition to the New Belarus. The ambivalence of the events of 2020 for Belarusian society is shown: they became a strong socio-cultural factor of both situational national unity, on the one hand, and a strong trigger for internal polarization, on the other. Based on the ideas of K. Mannheim, the authors believe that this polarization is an example of “normal” intergenerational cultural dynamics. However, as the experience of post-communist Poland shows, a rapid overcoming of such a long-term intergenerational cultural trauma is possible, but it is not granted. Based on memory studies ideas, the authors show that overcoming authoritarian cultural trauma requires the development of a systematic “cultural policy” (in fact, “memory policy”). The experience of overcoming the authoritarian past in the FRG, the GDR and France shows that overcoming the legacy of lukashism in Belarus risks being (1) a long, (2) conflictual and (3) fundamentally “unfinished” process. It should include two parallel vectors of movement (dismantling authoritarian institutions and building democratic structures) happening within the frame of a new Belarusian identity. Such an identity will allow reworking the problematic past and set foundations for future national self-identification. Some versions of such identity are briefly reviewed, their similarities and relevance for modern sociocultural trends are revealed.

ANALISIS PERAN PANCASILA DALAM MEMBENTUK PERDAMAIAN KEBERAGAMAN DAN PERSATUAN

Pancasila is the foundation and ideology of the Indonesian nation and has a function in the life of the Indonesian nation and state. The meaning of Pancasila includes fundamental values that strengthen diversity, unity, and integrity in the midst of Indonesia's diverse ethnic, religious, cultural, and linguistic communities. In the context of the nation's future, Pancasila has great relevance in building a strong foundation for sustainable development and progress for the Indonesian nation. Pancasila has an important meaning for the future of the Indonesian nation because it is able to become a guide in achieving state goals, strengthening national unity, and creating social justice for all people. Pancasila remains relevant for the future of the nation because it is able to become a foundation for facing various challenges and changing times. Pancasila encourages sustainable, democratic, and socially just development. Pancasila is also able to be a means of strengthening national unity and avoiding horizontal conflict. In addition, Pancasila is able to maintain cultural and religious diversity in Indonesia, so as to strengthen tolerance and togetherness between citizens

Entrepreneurship Learning: Implementation of Pancasila Values in Developing Higher Education Models

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to develop and evaluate a Pancasila-based entrepreneurship learning model for higher education, with the goal of integrating Pancasila values into entrepreneurial education to better prepare students for the demands of the global market. Objective: The objective of this study is to design and test an entrepreneurship learning model that embeds Pancasila values, aiming to enhance student engagement, innovation, and ethical practices. It seeks to identify implementation challenges and opportunities, and to provide practical recommendations for educators and policymakers, while contributing to the understanding of the impact of values-based education on entrepreneurial competencies. Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in the principles of Pancasila, which encompass belief in God, humanitarianism, national unity, democracy, and social justice. These principles are integrated into the entrepreneurship education framework, emphasizing social responsibility, ethical decision-making, and innovation. The framework also incorporates theories of experiential learning, reflective practice, and competency-based education to foster holistic entrepreneurial development. Method: Interviews and focus groups will be conducted with key stakeholders, including students, lecturers, and industry partners, to gather in-depth insights into the effectiveness and challenges of the current entrepreneurship education model. Results and Discussion: The research is expected to reveal areas where current entrepreneurship education models lack integration of Pancasila values. It will discuss the benefits of incorporating these values, such as increased student engagement and ethical awareness, as well as challenges like resistance to change and the need for additional resources. The discussion will provide insights into how the new model impacts student learning and behavior, supported by quantitative and qualitative data. Research Implications: The findings have significant implications for higher education institutions, educators, and policymakers. They highlight the need for curriculum development that integrates national values, influence policy decisions to mandate such integration, and offer practical strategies for educators to implement values-based education effectively. The study also provides a foundation for further research on the impact of values-based education in various fields. Originality/Value: This research is original in its approach to integrating Pancasila values into entrepreneurship education, addressing a gap in the literature on values-based entrepreneurial learning. Its value lies in providing a novel model that not only enhances entrepreneurial skills but also instills ethical and social responsibility in students, preparing them for the global market while adhering to national.

Historical Prerequisites for the Formation of Legal Sovereignty of Russian Regions

The paper examines the theory of federalism in the political, administrative and territorial structure of the country. The collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s caused the inclusion of the principle of national unity in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The authors trace the dynamics of the division of powers between central and local authorities in Russia. The authors point out the importance of harmonizing the interests of the federal center and the regions, and the equal participation of all constituent entities of the Federation in state building as a guarantee of the unity of Russia. Building a competent balance in the distribution of powers between the federal center and the constituent entities of the Federation makes it possible to mitigate the contradictions that arise, which indicates the desire to ensure a balance of interests between the central government and the regions. The national authorities are working to increase the financial autonomy of the regions, giving them the right to exercise control over their funds. This approach, taking into account the differences in mentality, culture, and needs of the regions, allows for a flexible approach to the management of different constituent entities of the Federation. Increased attention to regional specifics is a vector of the policy of the modern Russian supreme power. The desire for a reasonable balance between the central government and the regions reflects the historical evolution of the Russian state structure towards genuine federalism.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Children Learning In Science (Clis) Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Pada Materi Faktor Pendorong Dan Penghambat Persatuan Dan Kesatuan Bangsa Bagi Siswa Kelas Xi Ips Di Ma Darul Ihsan Samarinda

The purpose of this research is to find out how the Application of Children Learning In Science (CLIS) Learning Model in Civic Education Learning on the Material of Encouraging and Inhibiting Factors of National Unity and Unity for Students of Class XI IPS at MA Darul Ihsan Samarinda. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were the Principal, Civics Teacher, homeroom teacher, and students of MA Darul Ihsan Samarinda. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model. Data validity using data triangulation. The results showed that the application of the learning model (CLIS) in learning civic education was well received by teachers and students, with a percentage of 61.22% agreeing from 20 respondents as reinforcement, besides that it made students able to argue and made learning less boring. In learning civic education, there are supporting factors including the availability of facilities and infrastructure and also adequate teaching staff, besides that, there are inhibiting factors including the unavailability of facilities and infrastructure such as LCDs that are not yet available in several classes so that it takes time to prepare for learning. This can make learning hours wasted. Efforts that must be made by the school to overcome problems in the learning process are to improve skills and complete school facilities.

The Role of Communication in Nation-Building: A Theoretical Framework for South African National Unity

Communication plays a crucial role in the formation of a nation and its identity. It is apparent that the government of South Africa has previously started nation-building initiatives, but it is unclear how much the public is involved in the design and implementation of these campaigns. In this study, the contemporary literature on communication in the context of nation-building was critically engaged to clarify the role that communication plays in nation-building. The study concludes that the two-way symmetrical model is the best as it emphasises honest information exchanges between the public and the government through interactive communication. In order to effectively communicate with both internal and external target audiences and advance the agenda for nation-building, the South African government should employ communication techniques that will create and maintain enduring relationships with the public based on mutual trust by implementing participatory communication approaches to nation-building.

Challenges to National Unity in Ethiopia: an in-depth analysis from post-1991 to post-2018

Challenges to National Unity in Ethiopia: an in-depth analysis from post-1991 to post-2018

Practice and Experience of Corps Colleges and Universities in the New Era of the Communist Party of China's Unity and Stabilisation of the Borderlands

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out when attending the Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress that "national unity is the lifeline of all ethnic groups in our country, and the sense of community of the Chinese nation is the basis of national unity". Based on this, this study takes the creation of national unity and progress in colleges and universities as the main line, selects the national national unity and progress in the creation of demonstration units - Shihezi University as the object of study, comprehensively applies the comprehensive social survey research methods such as literature research, participant observation, interviews, etc., sums up the specific practice of Shihezi University in practicing unity and stabilisation of Xinjiang, and puts forward targeted, comprehensive, and effective measures for the creation of Xinjiang's national unity and progress in Xinjiang. The study will summarise the concrete practice of Shihezi University, put forward targeted and exemplary opinions on the creation of national unity and progress, promote the implementation and development of the concept of "unity and stability" in the whole territory, and offer suggestions for the realisation of social stability and long-term peace and stability in Xinjiang.