National Strategy Research Articles

CURRENT ISSUES OF ECONOMIC CRIME PREVENTION IN THE CONTEXT OF MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE

The research is devoted to the study of topical issues of economic crime prevention under martial law in Ukraine. The paper presents a systematic analysis of the state of research on topical issues of economic crime prevention and its methodological tools. The insufficient level of research into the problems of economic crime prevention and the validity of preventive measures has an extremely negative impact on society, especially in the difficult times of martial law in Ukraine. The urgency of the problem is also growing due to the long-overdue need to improve the legal acts regulating the prevention of economic crime. An analysis of the functioning of state bodies in recent years has shown that the defined national security and defence strategy does not fully ensure the compliance of Ukraine's security sector in a scientifically sound and practical sense. A study of the state and trends of economic crime has shown a sharp increase in the number of this type of criminal offence, especially fraud, under martial law. It is also established that a significant part of economic crime in Ukraine is latent crime, the main reasons for which are the reluctance of the victims (mostly due to circumstances beyond their control), and in most cases the inability to report the offence committed against them, mainly in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine.

The epidemiology of geriatric fractures: A nationwide analysis of 1 million fractures

ObjectiveFractures among the geriatric population impose a substantial burden on healthcare systems. This study aims to investigate the incidence and distribution of fractures among geriatric individuals over seven years, analyzing changes by age and sex. The findings will inform national healthcare strategies for addressing the growing impact of geriatric fractures. Materials and methodsElectronic health records from a nationwide personal health records system were analyzed, focusing on ICD-10 codes for fractures. Recurrent codes for the same patients within three months were excluded. Patients were categorized into three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and 85+ years), and fractures were grouped anatomically. Incidence rates for specific fracture locations were calculated based on the actual population at risk annually. Incidence rates were further stratified by sex and age groups using Turkey's age- and sex-specific populations. ResultsA total of 1,004,663 geriatric fractures (66.9 % female, 33.1 % male) were identified over seven years. The overall fracture incidence among the geriatric population was 1.9 % (1910/100,000). Hip fractures were the most common (25.2 %), followed by wrist (15 %) and lumbar-pelvic fractures (11.9 %). Femur fractures were predominant in the 75–84 and 85+ age groups, while wrist fractures were more common in the 65–74 age group. Fracture incidences generally increased with age, except for ankle, foot, and toe fractures, which decreased with age for both sexes (p < 0.05). The male/female ratio was lowest for wrist, elbow, and humeral shaft fractures (1:3.2, 1:2.7, and 1:2.7, respectively). The lowest overall fracture incidence was observed in 2020 (1568/100,000), while the highest was in 2017 (2523/100,000). ConclusionWith Turkey's aging population, the socioeconomic impact of geriatric fractures is anticipated to rise. Fracture patterns and incidence vary by age and sex among geriatric individuals. These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare planning and the development of community-based preventive measures tailored to specific fracture locations and demographics.

Neocolonialism and science diplomacy: personal reflections from the Middle East on mental health policy and practice.

Neocolonialism has led to an imbalance in the production of knowledge and a clunky imposition of frameworks and models of practice that do not meet the needs of local communities. In contrast they can serve the central function of colonialism by draining valuable resources. Inequity of science diplomacy has diluted local voices and given precedence to colonialist knowledge and models of practice. It is argued that clinical, training and research excellence applies to those activities that meet and fulfil the clinical, training and research needs of the community in which they are embedded. Through personal reflection on contrasting Middle Eastern settings (Palestine and the UAE), the call is for the source of knowledge production and the driver for innovation to be daily clinical experiences listening to families in the community. This will result in policy and practices that are meaningful and impactful as illustrated by way of three examples: (1) a narrative approach to exploring suicide (2) an "all-hands-on-deck" clinical pathway for Autism assessments which transformed the lives of children and families with little additional resource, but with a fundamental shift in approach from "top down" to "bottom up" one as part of an organization-wide "Patient First" approach and (3) a rights-based, collective approach to developing mental health strategy. These examples are linked in terms of taking a shared "listening approach" but are applied to different levels moving from personal individual narratives to community clinical service to national strategy.

Assessment of SADC Countries' National Adaptation Planning Health Impacts Inclusion: A Thorough Review.

Background: The impacts of climate change are recognised as a key challenge of the 21st century. By 2030, Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to have the globally highest burden of disease due to climate change. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a sub-region under-represented at a global level, in addressing current and future climate change-related health impacts. It specifically assesses the NAPs of Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Methods: A thorough review was conducted, analysing articles, government reports, and national communications related to NAPs and climate change health outcomes in the selected countries. Sources were evaluated against pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Main findings: All five countries prioritised health in their NAPs; however, health departments were excluded from assessments in two of the countries. Although health surveillance and early warning systems were included in the NAPs, there was limited evidence of their integration into broader climate, health, economic, and labour policies. National climate change focal points were identified, but governance and implementation at district and local levels were not well-documented. This review highlighted a need for greater inclusion of Indigenous and locally led knowledge. Common barriers identified included the lack of data with appropriate frequency and scale. Governance and implementation difficulties were also identified in all five countries; these difficulties included both a lack of coordination and a lack of institutional capacity. These challenges, especially a lack of political will to address the compound impacts of altered climate and health on all earth systems, are also found at the regional level. Conclusions: National strategies and implementation programs in SADC countries need to be agile in their ability to scale and adapt, yet they also need to include measurable actions and timeframes. Given the shared climate and health trends and the interconnected socio-economic, environmental, and political landscape, there is significant potential for regional coordination to address cross-border climate change impacts and to optimise resource use.

The branding pyramidical tool kit for enhancing actors’ agency in regional energy transitions within the Nordic Battery Belt

This article investigates how to enhance the agency of regional actors in the branding of the ‘Nordic Battery Belt’ (NBB), the region where the industry, considered a new green path, is emerging. Branding will enhance the attraction of skilled workforce, investment, market, and increased public awareness of the industry’s contribution to decarbonization. While national battery strategies have been developed to promote the industry, the tool kit that can enhance the implementation of the strategic branding action plan is underexplored. Firstly, this article develops a tool kit based on the directed content analysis, which ensures the use of existing branding theory and its pyramidic components: attention, awareness, associations, attitudes, and relationships. Regional actors can leverage the tool kit as it reduces oversight and increases lucidity and conciseness. Secondly, the paper develops a conceptual framework through a multidisciplinary approach to elaborate on the importance of the tool kit for enhancing actors’ agency in regional branding. The paper is relevant for regional actors, e.g., development agencies within the Nordic region that are saddled with the responsibility of place branding.

Research on the Role of the Third Front Construction in China’s Modernization

The Third Front Construction was a major national strategy implemented by China in the 1960s, aimed at promoting the industrialization of the central and western regions while addressing external security threats. This initiative not only laid a solid foundation for China’s industrialization but also revealed unique paths of Chinese modernization, such as regional coordinated development and the integration of national defense and economic growth. However, the Third Front Construction also brought about environmental degradation and over-exploitation of resources, providing important lessons for contemporary China’s development. In the modernization process, it is crucial to draw on the experiences of the Third Front Construction, focusing on regional coordinated development and enhancing social mobilization capabilities. By summarizing the experiences and lessons of the Third Front Construction, this paper provides historical references and future directions for the development of Chinese-style modernization.

A Social Network Analysis on Abu Sayyaf Kidnappings

The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is a Philippine-based extremist organization globally known for engaging in terrorism, kidnappings, and various criminal activities. This study sought to comprehensively analyze Abu Sayyaf ’s kidnapping incidents using social network analysis to better understand their operational structures, patterns, and dynamics. The researchers applied centrality measurements to assess the significance of nodes in the network, along with the GirvanNewman algorithm for community detection to identify groups sharing similar characteristics and extract groups for various purposes. The findings revealed one kidnapping node to have the highest centrality score and holding the most significant influence and numerous incoming connections within the network. Another kidnapper node in the analysis of out-degree centrality displayed a proactive role, initiating multiple connections and shaping the network’s dynamic. The community detection uncovered seven distinct communities within the network, each demonstrating unique patterns and characteristics. The findings imply that kidnappings were conducted through groups rather than individuals. The majority of networks involving ASG members participating in multiple kidnapping events hold significant implications for national security strategies.

Enhancing food security through scientific research in Algeria. A novel vision and unified national strategy

In this viewpoint we present the Algerian approach adopted to achieve a useful collaboration between researchers and socioeconomic partners to ensure food security.

THE IMPACT OF DRUG COST ON MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN NIGERIA: A PERCEPTION AMONG PHARMACISTS

Background: Given Nigeria's huge economic instability, medication expenses may significantly impact medication adherence, creating a barrier to the treatment of various ailments. The study aimed to assess pharmacists' perceptions about the impact of drug costs on medication adherence in Nigeria. Methods: The study was cross-sectional among practicing pharmacists across Nigeria. The 25 items semi-structured questionnaire was administered online using simple random sampling with the snowballing technique to recruit the pharmacists for the study. The collected data was coded into Microsoft Excel 2016 and subsequently analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the data, providing an overview of the demographic characteristics and key findings. Inferential statistics, specifically Pearson’s Chi-square test, were employed where applicable to determine the relationships between variables. Results: Total 161 pharmacists responded to the survey, giving an 80.5% response rate. The respondent rate was mainly young pharmacists (20–30 years old; 82.6%) and predominantly male (51.6%). Almost all the respondents possess only a bachelor of pharmacy degree (91.9%). Total 90% have practiced for 5 years or less, mostly in community settings (60.9%). Generic substitution has been cited as the most important technique to manage drug costs. Non-adherence due to cost was associated with practice settings, whereas adherence counseling was correlated with gender and setting of practice. All differences were not statistically significant at p&lt;0.05. Conclusions: Most participants believe that the cost of medication is a major barrier to accessing quality healthcare and drives massive non-adherence among those who can barely afford the medicines. Implementing a comprehensive national strategy to enhance the healthcare system, expand the reach of the national health insurance program, and promote cooperation among healthcare practitioners will result in improved clinical outcomes for patients. Peer Review History: Received 22 May 2024; Revised 11 July 2024; Accepted 26 August; Available online 15 September 2024 Academic Editor: Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com

Strategic framework and global trends of national smart education policies

Integrating intelligent technology to promote smart education, had become a focus of education policies in many countries. However, there was little literature on strategies and trends of smart education policies at the national level. This study investigated the framework for developing national smart education strategies and trends of national policy making on smart education. Based on the Delphi technique method, a National Smart Education Framework was developed, consisting of four essential leveraging points: (1) forward-thinking governance and policy initiatives, (2) digital learning environments conducive to smart education, (3) transformative teaching and learning enabled through technology, and (4) overarching considerations. Additionally, a textual analysis method was employed to analyze 24 smart education policies from 24 countries or organizations, to uncover the strategies and policy trends of smart education in accordance with the proposed smart education framework. Promoting high-quality, inclusive, and accessible education, increasing Internet connectivity and access to digital tools, enhancing digital skills, ensuring information security and privacy, implementing new digital pedagogies, providing real-time feedback, emphasizing critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity, etc. were the main trends for smart education policy making. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers and educators in shaping smart education policies and practices worldwide to promote sustainable development.

Family framing in Romania after EU accession: an analysis of silenced problems within strategic policy documents

ABSTRACT Various social science and multidisciplinary investigations have focused mainly on what the family is and how to analyse it. However, these studies have paid less attention to what is not said and what remains silenced about the family and family-related problems. Starting from the assumption that silencing is a discourse-constitutive feature, this article investigates family frames and inherent silences within Romanian public policy documents. The empirical material consists of a specific collection of sources, namely national strategies for child protection, care for older people, employment, and equal opportunities, adopted during 2007–2024, i.e. after Romania’s accession to the European Union. The article interrogates how national strategies frame family issues and what remains silenced and obscured within this relevant collection of policy documents. It identifies various ways in which policymakers draw attention to certain points of view concerning family life to the detriment of other perspectives and angles of investigation. Additionally, it uncovers the unspoken and silently accepted correlation of the family with vulnerability, poverty, and invisibility, which can contribute to explaining the domestic tendency to marginalize the family as a political topic and to elaborate inconsistent public action related to it.

The Development Potential of Urbanization in China's Third-tier Cities: A Case Study of Taizhou Area

With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the development potential of third-tier cities has become increasingly prominent, becoming an important part of the national urbanization strategy. Taking the Taizhou area as an example, this study first conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the current status of urbanization development in Taizhou, aiming to reveal its development level and characteristics in various aspects such as economy, society, culture, and environment. On this basis, a multi-dimensional evaluation system including urbanization level, quality of citizenization, urban functions, and urban governance is constructed to comprehensively consider Taizhou's performance in several key areas of urbanization development. In terms of data processing, the study uses the Taizhou Statistical Yearbook from 2018 to 2022 and other related reports as the main data sources to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the evaluation. Through the dimensionless processing of data and the weights of indicators determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the development potential of urbanization in Taizhou was quantified and evaluated. The research results show that the urbanization development in Taizhou has shown a steady growth trend, especially significant progress in the quality of citizenization and urban functions, but there is still room for improvement in some key areas. Based on the research results, targeted policy recommendations are proposed: first, to improve the quality of citizenization, including deepening the reform of the household registration system and improving the level of public services; second, to optimize the pattern of urbanization, strengthen regional collaborative development and county town construction; third, to promote the construction of new types of cities, covering the improvement of urban innovation capabilities and the construction of smart cities; fourth, to deepen the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote resource sharing and coordinated economic growth, aiming to guide Taizhou to achieve more balanced and sustainable urbanization development, and provide a reference for similar cities.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who smoke and want to quit - a cohort profile from the Koori Quit Pack study.

Reducing the prevalence of smoking is a national priority, however there is limited evidence on what smoking cessation supports are utilised, accessible, and effective among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This paper describes a cohort profile of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who smoke and want to quit to inform tailored smoking cessation interventions. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people residing in New South Wales (NSW), Australian Capital Territory (ACT), and Victoria, who were smokers wanting to quit, were recruited through health services and online advertisements from May to October 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarise participant characteristics and explore factors associated with previous use and adherence to Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) and intention to use Quitline services. 165 participants were recruited. Almost all (93.9%) had made at least one previous quit attempt, and 40.6% had used behavioural support. The majority believed NRT was safe (80.6%), effective (70.3%) and tried NRT previously (89%). Preferred forms of NRT for current quit attempts were nicotine patches (85.5%) and inhalers (69.7%). Intention to use Quitline was found to be higher among participants aged 31-45 years compared to participants under 30 years (AOR=3.12, 95%CI, 1.01-9.76). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are highly motivated to be smoke-free. However, efforts to enhance access and adherence to cessation supports are needed. The rapid recruitment and interest in the mailout cessation support should be scaled up to support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to quit. The Australian Government has recently launched a national tobacco strategy which includes targets for reducing smoking prevalence to less than 27% among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. In order to meet these targets Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who smoke and want to quit should have access to culturally safe and responsive support. We found that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have made quit attempt, accessed evidence-based smoking cessation care, and have positive attitudes towards NRT. However, acknowledging relapse, further evidence is required to understand the factors associated with sustained quitting.

Potential impact of climatic factors on malaria in Rwanda between 2012 and 2021: a time-series analysis

BackgroundMalaria remains an important public health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Rwanda, where malaria ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, disease transmission is influenced by climatic factors. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating the link between climate change and malaria dynamics, which hinders the development of effective national malaria response strategies. Addressing this critical gap, this study analyses how climatic factors influence malaria transmission across Rwanda, thereby informing tailored interventions and enhancing disease management frameworks.MethodsThe study analysed the potential impact of temperature and cumulative rainfall on malaria incidence in Rwanda from 2012 to 2021 using meteorological data from the Rwanda Meteorological Agency and malaria case records from the Rwanda Health Management and Information System. The analysis was performed in two stages. First, district-specific generalized linear models with a quasi-Poisson distribution were applied, which were enhanced by distributed lag non-linear models to explore non-linear and lagged effects. Second, random effects multivariate meta-analysis was employed to pool the estimates and to refine them through best linear unbiased predictions.ResultsA 1-month lag with specific temperature and rainfall thresholds influenced malaria incidence across Rwanda. Average temperature of 18.5 °C was associated with higher malaria risk, while temperature above 23.9 °C reduced the risk. Rainfall demonstrated a dual effect on malaria risk: conditions of low (below 73 mm per month) and high (above 223 mm per month) precipitation correlated with lower risk, while moderate rainfall (87 to 223 mm per month) correlated with higher risk. Seasonal patterns showed increased malaria risk during the major rainy season, while the short dry season presented lower risk.ConclusionThe study underscores the influence of temperature and rainfall on malaria transmission in Rwanda and calls for tailored interventions that are specific to location and season. The findings are crucial for informing policy that enhance preparedness and contribute to malaria elimination efforts. Future research should explore additional ecological and socioeconomic factors and their differential contribution to malaria transmission.

Teaching Reform of RFID Principles and Application Course with Information Industry Integration for System Capability Cultivation

The rapid development of the domestic information industry ecosystem has put forward higher requirements for the quality of computer talent training in colleges and universities. In response to the current issues of outdated course content and lagging teaching strategies in RFID principles and application courses at applied undergraduate institutions, measures have been proposed to promote the cultivation of talent for the autonomous and controllable RFID industry, taking the system capability as the main line. Under the guidance of the engineering education certification standards, based on the Tyler curriculum development model, domestic RFID platforms are introduced into the classroom. Through innovative reforms of the objectives, content, methods, and evaluation system of the RFID principles and application courses, the integration into the information industry ecosystem is actively promoted, enhancing the effective integration of the education chain, industry chain, innovation chain, and talent chain, contributing to the national strategy of independent control.

Blockchain Traceability Process for Hairy Crab Based on Cuckoo Filter

With the rapid development of global information technology, smart agriculture has gradually become an important force to promote agricultural modernisation. Taking Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs as the research object, this paper constructs a full-chain traceability process for hairy crabs integrating blockchain and Internet of Things technology in response to the demand for the enhancement of its brand value and market competitiveness. The model covers all aspects of breeding, processing, and transport to sales; realises end-to-end transparent regulation; effectively guarantees the authenticity and non-tamperability of information; and enhances consumers’ trust in the brand. At the technical level, this paper designs the ECMI (Enhanced Cuckoo Merkle Index) model, optimises the data storage and retrieval mechanism, and experimentally verifies the advantages of cuckoo filters over traditional Bloom filters in reducing false positives and improving query efficiency. This paper not only provides an efficient and safe traceability solution for the hairy crab industry in Yangcheng Lake but also provides technical support and practical cases for the further application of blockchain technology in smart agriculture, which is of great value for the realisation of the national rural revitalisation strategy.

Promotion or inhibition? Exploring the influence of the digital economy on urban-rural integration: A case study of yellow River basin

The digital economy actively disrupts the "urban depression effect" and the "wealth gap" between urban and rural areas, playing a crucial role in advancing urban-rural integration. Based on this, a scientifically constructed performance evaluation indicator system for the digital economy and urban-rural integration was developed. Using the Yellow River Basin as an empirical case study area, the projection pursuit model, simulated annealing algorithm and spatial Durbin model were employed to explore the impact of the digital economy on urban-rural integration in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2021. The findings reveal the following: 1) The degree of digital economy and urban-rural integration display a characteristic pattern resembling that of a downstream > midstream > upstream watershed, showcasing discernible spatial correlation features between them. 2) The digital economy in the Yellow River Basin directly fosters urban-rural integration development. Government behavior stand out as the most influential factor in promoting urban-rural integration among the control variables. 3) The impact of the digital economy on urban-rural integration in the Yellow River Basin displays regional heterogeneity, with the most pronounced effects observed in downstream areas. Moreover, the spatial spillover effect of the digital economy exhibits a distinct "good-neighborliness" characteristic. 4) The digital economy in the Yellow River Basin substantially advances urban-rural integration development through the adjustment effect of industrial structure rationalization and the mediating effect of entrepreneurial activity. These research findings shed light on the impact and spatial spillover pathways of the digital economy on urban-rural integration, aligning with the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.

The Integrated Analysis of Territorial Transformations in Inland Areas of Italy: The Link between Natural, Social, and Economic Capitals Using the Ecosystem Service Approach

This paper examines how spatial dynamics have impacted natural capital and the provision of ecosystem services. The units outlined by the National Strategy for Inland Areas (SNAI) have been used as the territorial units for this study. The SNAI is a public policy focused on enhancing the quality of services to citizens (such as transportation, healthcare, and education). It proposes the economic revitalization of inland areas undergoing processes of marginalization. Our focus on inland areas stems from two primary reasons: first, no previous studies in Italy have analyzed the changes in ecosystem services in SNAI areas; and second, SNAI areas are well-suited to providing ecosystem services that are in demand by urban areas. Although this study does not cover all aspects inherent to the topic, it represents a starting point aimed at understanding the links between environmental and socio-economic dynamics and ecosystem service changes. This is essential for both current and future generations. By analyzing the processes of permanence and transformation, modifications in the supply–demand balance have hereby been studied, as well as the economic variations in ecosystem services. The period considered runs from 1990 to 2018. These findings could help governmental institutions in developing sustainable governance models, in line with spatial policies and strategies.

Raising the voice of specialist stoma care nurses: a call for a national strategy in stoma care

Specialist stoma care nurses (SSCNs) are highly educated professionals who play a critical role in the care of people living with a stoma. However, they experience some unique challenges. Currently in the UK, stoma care has no national standards, targets or best practice pathway, resulting in significant variation and an undervalued service. As members of an evidence-based profession, SSCNs need to demonstrate their value. Specialist nurses in cancer care and inflammatory bowel disease are supported by nationally, with pathways, targets and standards of care, as well as career and education frameworks. This system could be used for SSCNs. A national approach is needed to develop an evidence-based best-practice pathway, commissioned and implemented across the UK for all stoma patients and with SSCNs at its heart. SSCNs need to demonstrate their value through data and evidence. Working with Getting it Right First Time, a taskforce aims to review the evidence and establish minimum standards of care for all stoma patients. SSCNs should be co-ordinators and drivers of change at the highest level of national innovation, policy and decision-making. The work of SSCNs should be is recognised and valued because what they do matters.

Can We Succeed with Inclusive Education for Sámi Pupils?

Since Norwegian compulsory education increasingly recognises Sámi rights and the Sámi as an Indigenous people, the question of how we can provide inclusive education for Sámi pupils by recognising Sámi culture in teaching remains. I argue in this literary research, that inclusive education, both as a concept and as a practice in school, stems from a pathological field, targeting individual needs, and therefore misses the target when educating pupils with an Indigenous cultural belonging. Inclusion as a concept centres on practices such as fellowship, participation, equal access, quality, equity and justice, but its legacy is anchored in individual needs, influencing how we think about inclusion and implementing inclusive measures. This way of thinking still guides the national strategy for inclusive education but will not be sufficient for Sámi pupils, since they, as a group, are not disabled. So-called inclusive measures will rather enhance the integration of Sámi pupils into the Norwegian framework of schooling defined by the majority’s expectations for fellowship, participation and so forth. While Indigenous inclusion takes integrative measures which uphold the status quo, thus dependent on a majority perspective, indigenising has an Indigenous baseline. I argue that non-Sámi society needs to re-contextualise itself towards the Sámi society if we want an education for all.