National Development Strategy Research Articles

Big Data Analytics for the Moroccan Water Actors: Towards an Adoption Model

This paper delves into the adoption of Big Data Analytics (BDA) within the Moroccan water management sector, specifically examining data collection, management flow, and decision-making processes. Through insightful interviews with representatives from the public sector responsible for water management, this study investigates the pivotal role of effective data governance in optimizing water resources[1]. Given the centrality of natural resources, particularly water, in national development strategies, the imperative for robust water governance is underscored. The impact of climate change further highlights the need for sufficient data collection and an efficient data management system[2]. In the management of natural resources, the accumulation of extensive data necessitates the application of BDA technology for streamlined processing. While BDA provides a solution for optimal data utilization, this article emphasizes the importance of maintaining control over processing and decision-making to ensure the success of functional and technical designs. The outcomes contribute to the formulation of an adoption model for BDA in the Moroccan water sector, facilitating well-informed and strategic decision-making for sustainable water resource management.

“Controlled Competition”: How Governments can induce Long-Term Competition

This paper builds a model of dynamic tournaments under incomplete contract situations to analyze how the government, as a national development strategy, induces incentives or forms of competition between multiple companies (between state-owned enterprises (SOEs), between private-owned enterprises (POEs), or between SOEs and POEs) in the long-run. This paper can be considered as a model analysis of “controlled competition” under “State Capitalism”, in which the government participates in the market as an active player, such as in China, Singapore, and in a broad sense, in Japanese Industrial Policy in the past. In addition to clarifying the incentive mechanism embedded in this model, we also examine the problems and areas for improvement from the perspective of incentive design. In particular, in the long-term competition between two heterogeneous companies, it would be a beneficial policy for the government if the feedback effect could be mitigated by handicapping the winner and favoring the loser, thereby restoring the competitive pressure that had decreased. At the same time, as excessive competition-inhibiting discriminatory prizes (“Cronyism”) greatly impede investment incentives for both companies, these can be viewed as a "government failure", and thus the institution should be redesigned to correct such obstacles, thereby maintaining appropriate competitive pressures.

Research on the Development Status and Strategies of Carbon Emission Trading in China

Carbon emission trading has become an important tool for countries around the world to reduce and control carbon emissions. To reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable development, “peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality” has become a national development strategy in China, and the carbon trading market is gradually improving. The paper first analyzes the main policies of carbon emissions trading in China, and then summarizes the basic process and difficulties of carbon emissions trading. Finally, the main suggestions for promoting carbon emissions trading are proposed, including: firstly, improving the carbon emissions trading system. The second is to reasonably and accurately calculate the total carbon emissions, as well as the actual emissions of various regions, industries, and enterprises. Thirdly, establish a sound legal and regulatory system. The fourth is to learn from foreign experiences and develop flexible and dynamic trading mechanisms.

Construction of ecological network with protected areas as the main region in Guangzhou City, China

In the context of the national ecological security development strategy, constructing regional ecological networks centered on protected areas and ecological corridors has become an urgent issue in protected areas system development of China. We focused on strengthening ecological connections between protected areas in Guangzhou, identified the ecological resource patches, ecological corridors, and ecological nodes by using Invest model, connectivity analysis, circuit theory models, and graph-theoretical network structure evaluation, and constructed an ecological network for the Guangzhou with nature reserves as the core. The results showed that 52 ecological resource patches were identified in the study area, covering a total area of 1450.01 km2. Nature reserves accounted for 76.4% of the total area, forming the main part of the ecological resource patches. 115 ecological corridors were identified, with a total length of 900.56 km and an average length of 7.83 km. Furthermore, 72 ecological key points were identified, covering a total area of 17.57 km2, and 81 ecological breakpoints, with a total area of 35.9 km2. The network structure indices (α=0.65, β=2.21, and γ=0.77) indicated a reasonably structured and well-connected network. By exploring pathways for constructing regional ecological networks under the protected areas system and enriching the application of circuit theory models in ecological network construction, this study provides scientific basis for regional ecological security and biodiversity conservation.

Research on National Cross-border E-commerce Trade Innovation and Development Strategy in the Context of Digital Economy

Abstract Cross-border e-commerce is divided into export cross-border e-commerce and import cross-border e-commerce. Based on the fact that the development of China’s export cross-border e-commerce trade is dominant at present, this paper takes the diamond model and the theory of platform economics as the basis of model construction and selects the trade demand, human resources, cross-border platforms, cross-border payment and cross-border logistics to constitute the influencing factors of cross-border e-commerce system variables. Among them, for the influence mechanism of e-commerce development level on cross-border e-commerce trade, a cross-border e-commerce development level measurement index system has been established. Utilizing the entropy value method and comprehensive index method, the measurement value of the cross-border e-commerce development level is obtained. The order of importance of each influencing factor is determined using principal component analysis. The trade gravity model is introduced, combined with cross-border e-commerce export monitoring data, to carry out the model smoothness test and regression model solving. From the regression results, the P-values of the t-test statistics of independent variables InGDP c InR i are 0.162 and 0.806 (>0.05), respectively, indicating that the influence of these two independent variables on the dependent variable is not significant. That is, China’s GDP and whether to join the “The Belt and Road Initiative” have no significant impact on the scale of China’s cross-border e-commerce trade. According to the regression results of the model, GDP, the coefficient of population size and the number of Internet users are highly positively correlated with the scale of cross-border e-commerce trade of the country, and the innovation of cross-border e-commerce trade can be based on the coefficient of GDP, the coefficient of population size, the number of Internet users and other aspects.

Trajectories and problems of the current spatial development of Russia’s European Near North regions

This article employs a comprehensive economic and geographical approach to examine the extensive European segment of Russia that extends north of the Moscow region – the area commonly known as Blizhny Sever (Near North). New challenges require an improvement of Russia’s spatial development strategy. The case of the region is used to illustrate the possibility of a multiscale approach to identifying socioeconomic contrasts within regions and describing the interdependent development of their parts. The study analyses population change trends from 1990 to 2022 alongside the territory’s migration patterns, employment trends and infrastructure development. The spatial approach is crucial in this context, owing to the natural variations within the macroregion, the suburban-peripheral contrasts and the growing role of the central cities. The study closely examines the eastern part of the macro-region, from Yaroslavl to Kirov. The compression of developed areas and the degradation of essential living conditions have been the most pronounced trends in the post-Soviet period, along with organisational and economic changes in key economic sectors. The study also explores how the impact of regional centres on surrounding areas changes with distance. It places emphasis on the shifting paradigm of agricultural land use under new institutional and economic conditions, the increasingly patchwork character of farming and the implications of the focus on animal husbandry. The work relies on analysing municipal-level statistical information and the extensive use of maps. Identifying both relatively successful and highly problematic areas within this vast macro-region can aid in devising new visions to enhance national and regional spatial development strategies.

RESEARCH ON THE REALIZATION MECHANISM OF THE KEY CORE TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES OF SPECIALIZED AND SPECIAL NEW ENTERPRISES

As China is currently facing technology bottlenecks, the transformation and development of key technologies are imminent. As a typical organization of breakthroughs in key core technologies and an important carrier of the national innovation-driven development strategy, how to achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies and the study of its intrinsic mechanism have become indispensable links. Our investigation and study revealed that the internal development mechanism of breakthroughs in the key core technologies of specialized and special new enterprises is often limited by the depth and breadth of policies, the weakness of the overall industrial chain, and backward enterprise management models. Based on the above problems, mechanism exploration from the macro, meso, and micro perspectives will help enrich the theoretical system of key core technologies and provide new development perspectives for the transformation and upgrading of specialized and new enterprises in this new situation.

Synergistic development path of ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization

Abstract The core strategy for national development in the new era is the establishment of an ecological civilization. In contrast, the overall understanding of the three concerns facing rural communities in the new era is the rural revitalization strategy. The paper examines the present state of the linkage development between constructing an ecological civilization and implementing a rural revitalization strategy in rural areas. It does this by developing an evaluation index system and drawing on the theoretical underpinnings of the linkage development between the two strategies (rural revitalization strategy and ecological civilization construction). The entropy value approach is used to compute the comprehensive index and determine the weights of each index. The coupling and coordination degree models are used to measure the coordination degree and coupling correlation of the two, and the correlation factors between them are analyzed by constructing the gray correlation model. The findings indicate that overall, County A’s rural revitalization development level between 2012 and 2021 tends to be better, although overall levels are not very high. The comprehensive index of development for rural revitalization goes from 0.194 in 2012 to 0.754 in 2021. Yearly fluctuations in ecological civilization-building are evident, with the complete index of ecological civilization construction rising from 0.380 in 2012 to 0.945 in 2021. The overall trend is slowly increasing when the coupling coordination degree of 0.610 from 2015 is taken as a limit, but high-quality coordination is still a significant distance away.

Research on Enterprise Financial Management Strategy and Framework for Digital Transformation

Abstract In the wave of the information age, enterprises must undergo digital transformation in order to respond to and implement the national development strategy and improve their core competitiveness. This paper constructs a strategic framework for enterprise financial management in digital transformation and evaluates the effects of digital transformation on profitability levels and operating costs. A theoretical model is created for the impact of digital transformation on enterprise financial management; research hypotheses are proposed, research variables are established, and research hypotheses are tested for authenticity. After the implementation of digital transformation, the subject enterprise M Group has not maintained its net profit growth for a long time. However, it has been on an upward trend from 2014 to 2016. The growth rate of net profit is expected to be within 20% from 2017 to 2023, with room for further development. In the benchmark regression of the model, it was found that there is a significant positive correlation between the index of financial digital transformation and the financial performance of businesses, with a coefficient of 0.0154 at the 5% level. This means that the more businesses digitize their finances, the better their financial performance.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РОСТА ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ТРУДА В РОССИИ

The set growth rates of the Russian economy require the development and implementation of new approaches and tools for the implementation of the national development strategy. One of these tools is the growth of labor productivity. As a multifactorial category, labor productivity is achieved by the best use of all factors of production, machinery, technology, the human factor, organization and management processes. Labor productivity is one of the most important indicators of economic efficiency, the country's GDP is formed under the influence of labor productivity, and a number of economic and social tasks are being solved. For businesses, labor productivity is a measure of the efficiency and well-being of both owners and staff. Today, labor productivity growth is influenced by automation and digitalization, improvement of production and management organization, and better use of the human factor. Ensuring a steady rate of labor productivity growth, the state is implementing an appropriate national project, without which it will be problematic to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The article presents the results of the analysis of labor productivity growth trends in Russia. The problem of labor productivity growth is being solved at the state level through the implementation of the national project "Labor Productivity" by creating favorable conditions for productivity growth, involving the subjects of the country and enterprises in this process. The key trends in productivity growth are related to the optimization of processes at the enterprise, modernization and digitalization of equipment and technologies, increasing staff employment time and improving their skills. The study revealed shortcomings in the implementation of the national project and deepening trends in labor productivity growth, which makes it possible to develop measures to eliminate them.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 AS THE BASIS FOR ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE FORMATION OF THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE IN UKRAINE

The processes of digital transformation today are driving forces of change in almost all spheres and industries, and also open up opportunities for the introduction of new technologies and the construction of digital business models. The aim of the article is to characterize the digital transformation of enterprise management and digital decision-making processes taking into account the development of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine. Digital transformation of business is a very necessary and relevant process, which serves as a driver for changes in the company, changing the needs of customers, the actions of competitors, and promotes the emergence of new technologies and services. The gap between Ukraine and most European states is significant, and, according to experts, it will take 3 to 5 years to overcome it, provided the economic situation is stable, as well as the inflow of investments. Instead, Ukraine has a fairly large potential and a developed IT sector, which is the driving force in the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. The synergistic digital transformation of domestic governance, business, and industry, that involves the transition to European business standards in the context of the development of the information economy, digitalization, industrialization, digital transformations, informatization of society, and globalization of the economy, should become a challenge for Ukraine. These processes require improvement of competitiveness, income and infrastructure of enterprises; acceleration of digitization of the most promising sectors; wider use of IT products and services by domestic companies; strengthening the country's defense sector. As a result of business adherence to the leading principles of digital transformation, there is a gradual change in business processes and the transition to digitization using Industry 4.0 tools and models. Based on the project of the national development strategy 4.0, the article presents a SWOT analysis of the digital transformation of enterprise management and digital decision-making processes, taking into account the development of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine.

공적개발원조(ODA) 수원체계에 대한 연구

Purpose: This paper analyzes the ODA management system, including the internal communication system, partnership structure, and policy decision-making and implementation process, of Lao PDR, Indonesia and Vietnam, which are Korea’s key partner countries in Asia. Based on the analysis, the paper aims to draw policy recommendations for donors to enhance aid effectiveness. Originality: This study analyzes recipient countries’ ODA management system from aid effectiveness perspective, which is relatively understudied compared to donors’ aid management system. It specifies the scope of aid management system by developing a new analytical framework based on the four elements consisting of legalization and legislation, key implementing agencies, communciation and partnership, and monitoring and evaluation process. Methodology: The study conducts literature review on the relationship between aid effectiveness and recipient countries’ governance. Based on the analytical framework, case studies on Korea’s three key aid recipient countries, i.e. Lao PDR, Indonesia, and Vietnam are conducted. The study utilizes official government documents and academic literature, and incorporates feedback from experts. Result: Although the three countries had different aid management systems, following similarities were found: mid-long term national development strategies having close linkage to the aid management system; recipient countries strengthening governance and institutional basis for enhanced ownership and transparency; while the role and capacity of key implementing agencies leading to different types of aid inefficiency issues. This implies that ODA management system has direct impact on aid efficiency and effectiveness. Conclusion and Implication: The study shows the importance of donors’ approach to recipient countries based on the latter’s context. Also, in-depth understanding of recipient countries’ aid management system can help donors better identify potential areas of cooperation and design new projects through ODA. The same applies to Korea, which is a key donor in all three country cases.

북한의 SDGs 달성을 위한 입법과 정책의 변화

North Korea is actively utilizing the SDGs as a means to emphasize the unfairness and contradictions of the U.S. and other U.N. sanctions, saying that they are hindering peace-making and global partnerships, including the promotion of the SDGs and development cooperation, and to inform the international community that they are threatening North Korea's survival in non-political areas such as energy, food, water and sanitation, and the climate crisis. Furthermore, by actively embracing the UN SDGs, the DPRK is emphasizing its image as a ‘normal country’ and a ‘moderate country’ by accepting universal norms and values of the international community, including the United Nations, and cooperating with the international community, and recognizing the SDGs as a key means to attract development cooperation from the international community. In other words, the DPRK is establishing an implementation system by linking the UN SDGs to the Kim Jong-un regime's mid- and long-term national development plans, including the National Development Strategy and National Plan. Analyzing the specifics of the linkages and understanding the implications of the North Korean regime's policies can have important implications for advancing inter-Korean relations in the future. North Korea's legislative and policy responses to the implementation of the SDGs, particularly in the area of climate and environment, have so far fallen far short of the 30-year target. Nevertheless, North Korea's diplomatic diversification strategy to actively deal with the prolonged sanctions and diplomatic isolation is centered on the United Nations. North Korea's internal development strategy is also seeking a new direction, and the five-year plan for national economic development established at the 8th Party Congress in January 2021 and the new third UNSF (2022-2026) are also clarifying its intention to implement the SDGs with the international community. Among them, the renewable energy and circular economy sectors are being promoted by North Korea with a very active and urgent will to fulfill the SDGs, which is seen as a way to overcome the internal and external economic difficulties faced by North Korea. In addition, the disaster response field due to the climate crisis is being promoted by the North Korean regime with all its might. Given the need for the United Nations to include integrated SDGs on the Korean Peninsula in the new third UNSF (2022-2026), it is time for North and South Korea to work together with the United Nations to implement the SDGs, and we believe that cooperative projects in the field of climate and environment will be a key driver.

Reinvigorating Entrepreneurship Education for Nation Building: Issues and Challenges

Nation Building implies a wholesome progression towards the model in all aspects of a nation’s socio- political, economic, and educational infrastructure, more so in its spiritual and moral structure. Entrepreneurial education is that aspect of education which is geared towards the collections of formalized teaching that informs trains and educates anyone interested in participating in socio-economic development through a project to promote entrepreneurship awareness, business creation or small business development. It is against this backdrop that this research article dwelled on reinvigorating entrepreneurship education for nation building: issues and challenges. Entrepreneurship is fundamental to socio-economic growth and national development. It encompasses the ability of people to find and create new businesses or revitalize existing ones. Part of the objectives of this research article is to challenge students to develop entrepreneurial spirit that could lead to economic rationality for nation building. We use secondary sources of gathering data for this research article. On the whole, the article discovered so many challenges and issues militating against entrepreneurial education in Nigeria. The research work concludes among other things that, for functional entrepreneurial education to be achieved there should be some forms of genuine school-work based learning incorporated in studies as part of national economy development strategies.

AI: social perception and the states policy

The specificity of advanced technologies constitutes a transformation challenge in terms of the conditions of social development and influence on state policies. In the last few years, this process has been seen as a consequence of the development of artificial intelligence – a general-purpose digital technology. Due to its complexity, the AI technology has enormous potential for social change, which raises both deepening hopes and fears. AI also influences the policies of countries, which for its development use both the current achievements in the development of ICT (information and communication technology), as well as the demographic potential and accumulated digital data resources, the diversity of the political system and the dominant importance of their own digital sector with international influence. It can be considered that those countries that have been successful as digital powers are taking on the role of AI superpowers with greater freedom and innovation. At the same time, there is a rapid increase in the number of countries that aspire to become AI leaders and those that treat artificial intelligence technology as an opportunity to improve their international position. Public perception is a factor supporting the adoption and implementation of national development strategies and legal regulations for AI. It reveals social fears and hopes associated with the technology in question, influencing the views of both politicians and citizens.

International tourism as a tool for inclusive development of region

The main purpose of the article is to determine the degree of interrelation of indicators of sustainable development of regions by forming models of sustainable development of tourist destinations as an inclusive tool of international tourism and building a model of sustainable development of tourist destinations. To analyze the situation, the authors consider a model that includes East Kazakhstan, Almaty regions and the city of Almaty. The study revealed the conceptual significance and influence of 6 indicators in the system of inclusive indicators of regional development. The development of tourism in an inclusive direction is one of the main directions in the national development strategies of international organizations and developed countries. Therefore, the study of international tourism as an instrument of inclusive development of regions reveals the relevance of this work. The main tools were generalizations, comparisons, economic, statistical analysis, as well as to determine each indicator of sustainability, the arithmetic mean of the indicators for determining the degree and value of the specific gravity was used, correlation analysis, Pearson linear correlation coefficients were used to correlate the indicators of sustainable development of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the regions under consideration. The authors propose an integrated approach as a tool for integration, systematization of the management process and indicators that affect the achievement of goals. It is recommended to form a mechanism in the field of ensuring the necessary level of stability of the development of tourist regions, allowing the formation of further mechanisms.

Global Health Master's Talent Cultivation Models of World-Class Universities and Implications: A Comparative Analysis of Five U.S. Institutions

Global health aims to improve the health levels of all humanity. Chinese universities, guided by national development strategies, are endeavoring to cultivate highly qualified global health professionals with international perspectives and interdisciplinary knowledge. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the global health master's talent cultivation models at world-class universities such as Johns Hopkins University, Harvard University, University of Washington, Yale University, and Columbia University. It analyzes their talent cultivation objectives, research directions, curriculum structures, faculty and teaching resources, as well as industry connections. The findings provide insights for Chinese universities in cultivating global health master's talents: defining clear objectives, optimizing curriculum design, enhancing faculty expertise, strengthening international and industry collaborations, and focusing on lifelong learning and post-graduate career prospects.

Revitalizing community forestry in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia: A property right perspective

Severe deforestation, land degradation, and the lack of forest products in Ethiopia have necessitated the implementation of a community forestry program since the 1980s by mobilizing the local communities. However, there have been incidents indicating that many of the community forests are either degrading or remaining unproductive. While community forests are, in principle, the collective property of the local community, empirical evidence concerning how property rights impact their management and their role in enhancing rural livelihoods and environmental rehabilitation is lacking. This study aims to investigate the performance of community forestry through the lens of property rights and tenure security, in order to uncover the challenges impeding community forestry in Ethiopia, with a focus on community forests in the Amhara Region. The study gathered primary data on community forest management from two community forests located in East Gojam and North Wollo, using questionnaires, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and field observations. Additionally, secondary data on legal frameworks were collected from institutions involved in community forestry. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that a majority of respondents (91%) lacked clarity regarding the objectives of establishing community forests, and about 95% claimed that community forests belong to the state. These incidents have led to diminished interest in continuing the program. The study highlighted that the community forestry program suffers from inadequate policy and legal provisions, chronic institutional instability, overlapping mandates, and limited community engagement. These factors have weakened property rights, which are reflected in tenure insecurity and the absence of individual household benefit packages. Consequently, it can be concluded that community forest interventions have been promoted based on general belief in the importance of trees for rural livelihoods and ecosystem rehabilitation, rather than as part of a deliberate and directed policy and strategy. In summary, revitalizing community forestry in Ethiopia necessitates a thorough understanding of property rights and tenure security issues. In this regard, it is imperative for government agencies to enact a clear national strategy for community forestry development and adopt a supportive role to enable communities to establish robust community forestry institutions to safeguard their rights while fostering community forestry and environmental protection activities.

Research on Quality Control and Problems of Food Inspection and Testing

At present, the food quality inspection industry has become an important foundation of the national quality development strategy. Combined with China's current food inspection and testing work to implement the status quo analysis, there are still problems in the development stage, the need to grasp the actual situation based on the factors affecting the targeted solution to ensure that the food inspection and testing of the work of the importance of the need for a strong.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND PRECARIOUS HOUSING: THE CASE OF ALGERIA

After its experience with the Millennium Development Goals program, Algeria is committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. This is to develop and improve its regions and cities that suffer from several problems, including the persisting proliferation of precarious housing. The government has set up a national development strategy and implemented it through a policy based on the reconciliation of the three pillars of sustainable development to ensure sustainable cities and regions. Through a review of government policy instruments and their deliverables, this paper explores the extent of success of the policies. It investigates the relationship between sustainable cities and precarious housing by means of an analysis of the measures taken to incorporate the concept of sustainable development into urban planning policies to achieve the SDGs by 2030. Finally, it suggests the need to include communities in any urban planning policy implementation.