National Spatial Information Research Articles

Harmonization strategy of the spatial information infrastructure of Ukraine with INSPIRE. system approach

Van Gigch's system approach was applied to consider the option of systemic harmonization of the National Spatial Information Infrastructure of Ukraine (NSII) with INSPIRE. The article focuses on its most important part - the strategy of harmonization or, more specifically, strategic harmonization. The proposed strategic harmonization is suitable for practical implementation. For this purpose, NSII is understood as an extension of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), and NSII and INSPIRE are represented by general systems (GS), whose practical feasibility is achieved by exemplification/interpretation by spatial information systems (SpIS) and certain their extensions - SpISb. The main attention is paid to the relation between the NSII and INSPIRE, with an emphasis on the harmonization relation. Possible alternatives to the problems or their solutions are not considered. In particular, the likely recent shift of interest from NSDI/NSII/INSPIRE to IGIF (Integrated Geospatial Information Framework) is not considered. This is possible because van Gigch's system approach used allows scaling, in this case - upwards, with the addition of higher levels of the hierarchy such as IGIF to the consideration. It is shown that, in the context of harmonization with INSPIRE, it is necessary to examine the harmonization of GS on at least three epistemological levels. GS corresponding to these levels can be called: strategic, tactical and operational. The GS for harmonization with INSPIRE can be represented by an integrated hierarchy or a unification of three GS components of these three levels. In the case of unification, each component of the collective agreement can be considered separately, but the context of harmonization must be mandatory. In particular, in strategic harmonization, it is mandatory to define its hierarchical relations with the "corresponding" tactical harmonization. Two main results were obtained in the article: 1) scientific - the structure of the phenomenon "harmonization of Ukrainian SII with INSPIRE" was defined, 2) practical - it was proved that the specified phenomenon is adequately represented by the GS and the corresponding SpISb.

실내디자인 분야의 실감형 콘텐츠(AR/VR/MR) 비교분석 및 활용방안

In this study, there is a need to improve the problems of communication with customers in the field of interior design and the method that takes a lot of time in the existing design modification process and feedback. Therefore, this study is meaningful in that it examines the technology and trend of realistic content, domestic and foreign cases using content, and presents the need for and utilization of content in the interior design process. As a result of the analysis, first, problems can be minimized through real-time feedback and better communication with virtual design solutions. Second, it minimizes resources through detailed planning and specifications of the design and alleviates the burden, cost, and time accompanying design changes. Third, a content management system(CMS), drag & drop method, and Software as a Service(SaaS) publishing editor should be provided for the scalability of realistic content. Lastly, there is a need to ease the regulations of the Spatial Information Security Act and to revise the Framework Act on National Spatial Information. This study presents the possibility of R&D to improve the quality of practical content utilization in various fields such as architecture, urban design, disaster, education, as well as interior design.

UAV Photogrammetry and LiDAR Based Dataset of Spartina anglica Distribution and High-resolution Topographic Map in Ganghwado

The <i>Spartina anglica</i> in the tidal flat at the southern part of Ganghwado, it is known that the distribution area has gradually expanded since it was officially announced as invasive alien species in 2015. The government and local governments are continuing their efforts to remove the S. anglica, and for this, continuous distribution change monitoring is required. This study extracted the data of distribution and extent area of S. anglica from Zenmuse P1 sensor, and generated the high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Zenmuse L1 sensor. Optical and Lidar images were photographed at an altitude of 70 m, and Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) of optical images was obtained at 0.9 cm and GSD of lidar images at 5 cm spatial resolution. However, the data are resampled and provided in GSD 25 cm to comply with the "National Spatial Information Security Management Regulations of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport" and "Security Business Regulations of the National Intelligence Service".

Accuracy Assessment of Kriging, artificial neural network, and a hybrid approach integrating spatial and terrain data in estimating and mapping of soil organic carbon.

This study aimed to produce a soil organic carbon (SOC) content map with high accuracy and spatial resolution using the most effective factors in the model. The spatial SOC estimation success of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Ordinary Kriging (OK), Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK), Multi-Layered Perception Network (MLP) and MLP-OK Hybrid models were compared to obtain the most reliable model in estimating the SOC content. The study area was located in Besni district in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Total of 132 surface (0–30 cm) soil samples were collected from the covers 1330 km2 land and analyzed for SOC, lime, clay and sand content and soil reaction included in the estimation models. Mean annual precipitation and temperature, elevation, compound topographic index, enhanced vegetation and normalized difference vegetation index, were also used as the inputs in the modelling. The spatial distribution of SOC was determined using a MLP and a two-stage ensemble model (MLP-OK) combining the estimation of OK residuals. Soil surveys and covariates were used to train and validate the MLP-OK hybrid model. The MLP-OK model provided a more accurate estimation of SOC content with minimal estimation errors (ME: -0.028, 45 MAE: 0.042, RMSE: 0.066) for validation points compared to the other models. The MLP-OK model outperformed other models by 75.09 to 77.92%. The MLP-OK model estimated the lower and upper limits of the estimated and the measured values in a consistent manner compared to the other models. The spatial distribution map of SOC content obtained by ANN-kriging approach was significantly affected by ancillary variables, and revealed more detail than other interpolation methods in the northern, central, southwestern and southeastern parts of the study area. The results revealed that the assembling of MLP with OK model can contribute to obtain more reliable regional, national and global spatial soil information.

Earth observation and geospatial big data management and engagement of stakeholders in Hungary to support the SDGs

ABSTRACT To support the monitoring and reporting processes during implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, well-developed, commonly recognized Earth observations and geospatial data, methods, innovations, committed professionals, and strong sustainability policies are necessary. This article informs the readers on the Earth observation and geoinformation developments and innovations, and on the engagement of profession, academy and governance to support implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in Hungary. Description, analyses and critical assessments are given on the elements selected from Hungarian sustainable-oriented Earth observation and geospatial novelties: (a) Working Group for Sustainable Development mission and national sustainability-policy, (b) international partnerships, domestic activities and achievements, (c) status of the professional education, (d) spatial databases and services to support implementation of the sustainable development, (e) a case study on the internationally recognized soil geoinformation system, (f) national Earth Observation Information System and perspectives of its applications for monitoring the sustainability. The article conclusion strongly advises the Hungarian realization of (a) institutionalization of the Earth observation and geospatial tools and capacity for sustainable development, (b) their use in integration with statistical data, (c) establishment of national spatial information infrastructure and (d) development and spreading of the use of big data.

Legal Evaluation for Security Exception Claims About the Cross-Border Transfer of the Korean Map: A Case of Google

Google, a U.S. company, has made repeated requests for the cross-border transfer of the Korean map. The requests have been rejected by the South Korean government, citing security concerns for satellite imagery. This article examined the legality of this rejection based on the Security Regulations on National Spatial Information of South Korea. The legal evaluation showed that the Korean government does not have the legal authority to regulate the online provision of satellite imageries by U.S. companies. Strict regulations of satellite imagery services, which are not specified in the current domestic law, create uncertainties for domestic and foreign companies providing online mapping services. This article offered legal insights on how to fundamentally address the deep-rooted stumbling block raised in the 2020 U.S. Trade Barrier Report concerning the cross-border transfer of the Korean map.

Topographical Change in Coastal Areas Arising from Soil Erosion in the Riparian Zone

Kim, J.C.; Lee, H.J.; Choi, J.Y.; Kim, S.K. and Jung, H.S. 2020. Topographical change in coastal areas arising from soil erosion in the Riparian zone. In: Jung, H.-S.; Lee, S.; Ryu, J.-H., and Cui, T. (eds.), Advances in Geospatial Research of Coastal Environments. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 102, pp. 101-106. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Sedimentary inputs into coastal estuaries because of activities upstream can lead to rapid bathymetric and topographical changes, which may affect coastal functions such as habitat or fisheries. In South Korea, the Four Major Rivers Restoration Project was initiated in 2008 to address environmental problems arising from dredging and land reclamation, and a number of ecological parks were created. This study analyzed: 1) the land cover of each period using land cover maps before (2007), immediately after the project (2012), and after five years (2017); 2) the average annual amount of soil loss from the riparian zone of the Nakdong River using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE); and 3) the change in the area of barrier islands in the estuary of the Nakdong River from 2008 to 2017. In order to generate the factors required for RUSLE, various spatial data, such as land cover maps, national spatial information, aerial photographs, a soil map, and average annual precipitation data were used. The results showed the percentage of annual soil loss from classes 4, and 5 (severe and very severe levels of soil erosion, respectively) increased immediately after the project finished in 2012 but decreased by 2017. The digitized aerial photographs confirmed that the area of Maenggeummeori-do, one of the barrier islands located in the estuary of the Nakdong River, decreased by more than 20 % as sediment inputs declined. Thus, it was confirmed that changes in soil loss in riparian zones arising from river maintenance projects can affect the area of barrier islands in coastal estuaries. Through this study, it was revealed that large-scale river refurbishment projects indirectly affected soil erosion in the waterfront area of the Nakdong River, which eventually affected the area change of the barrier island at the mouth of the Nakdong River.

점 표본점(Point sampling) 방법을 이용한 국가수준 토지이용변화 매트릭스 개발

Land‐Use Change Matrix (LUCM) is critical activity data in the Land‐Use, Land‐Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector for reporting National Greenhouse Gas Inventory. To produce a LUCM, it is necessary to clearly define six land‐use categories and apply a consistent methodology according to the IPCC guideline. This study was conducted to develop a LUCM at national level in South Korea using the point sampling approach. In this study, 5,600 mapped sample points systematically distributed across the country were used to detect land‐use categories with interpretation of ortho‐photos and national spatial information including satellite images. With a produced LUCM based on classified sampling points in 1992 and 2005, simple and modified ratio estimators were used to estimate the areas and uncertainties for each land‐use category and converted land‐use category in 2005. The uncertainties from both estimators were acceptable according to the National GHG report. However, the total areas for each land‐use category estimated by the simple estimator were different from the official national statistics. As a result, the modified estimator, which employed the official national statistics of total area by land‐use category in 2005, can be used for the consistency and uncertainty assessment. To apply point sampling, an optimal sampling intensity should be determined considering economic efficiency and statistical accuracy.

Legal study for efficient management of national underground spatial information

Legal study for efficient management of national underground spatial information

Changes in the conduct of administrative proceedings in the scope of cadaster database

One of the components of the national spatial information infrastructure database (National Geographic Information System) at the district level is the records database of land and buildings. It is a state register that contains databases related to space and procedures and techniques for collecting, updating, processing and sharing information. A legal system regulating the procedures for keeping, updating and making available subject and object information included in the cadastres database is determined by the proper functioning of the land and buildings register (as part of the geodetic resource). The basis of department work in the field of keeping land and buildings records are primarily provisions of the Codex of Administrative Procedure of the Geodetic and Cartographic Law and regulations in the register of land and buildings. On 1 June 2017, a new Codex of Administrative Procedure came into force. In this paper have been presented the most important changes in conducting of administrative procedures in the field of geodesy at the district level after the aforementioned legal amendment. This paper touched the topics related to, among others, issued principle of resolving doubts in favor of the party (Article 7a), silent settlement of the case (Article 122a), administrative simplified proceedings (Chapter 14), appeal proceedings (Chapter 10). There have been presented examples of the most frequently conducted cases in the field of land and buildings registration in district country with particular emphasis on changes introduced by the latest legal amendments in connection with detailed regulations. The author focused on the logical interpretation of legal changes in order to show the problems connected with their application in practice (from the point of view of the proceedings and local government administration).

Changes in the conduct of administrative proceedings in the scope of cadaster database

One of the components of the national spatial information infrastructure database (National Geographic Information System) at the district level is the records database of land and buildings. It is a state register that contains databases related to space and procedures and techniques for collecting, updating, processing and sharing information. A legal system regulating the procedures for keeping, updating and making available subject and object information included in the cadastres database is determined by the proper functioning of the land and buildings register (as part of the geodetic resource). The basis of department work in the field of keeping land and buildings records are primarily provisions of the Codex of Administrative Procedure of the Geodetic and Cartographic Law and regulations in the register of land and buildings. On 1 June 2017, a new Codex of Administrative Procedure came into force. In this paper have been presented the most important changes in conducting of administrative procedures in the field of geodesy at the district level after the aforementioned legal amendment. This paper touched the topics related to, among others, issued principle of resolving doubts in favor of the party (Article 7a), silent settlement of the case (Article 122a), administrative simplified proceedings (Chapter 14), appeal proceedings (Chapter 10). There have been presented examples of the most frequently conducted cases in the field of land and buildings registration in district country with particular emphasis on changes introduced by the latest legal amendments in connection with detailed regulations. The author focused on the logical interpretation of legal changes in order to show the problems connected with their application in practice (from the point of view of the proceedings and local government administration).

토지주택분야 정보 현황과 빅데이터 연계활용 방안

본 논문은 우리나라의 빅데이터 정책과 활용사례 조사, 공간 빅데이터의 토지주택 활용분야를 제시함으로써 토지주택분야의 미래 사업을 발굴하고, 정부정책에 선제적으로 대응하기 위한 공간 빅데이터 기반 활용분야를 제안하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 우리나라의 빅데이터 관련 정책과 사례를 살펴보았다. 우리나라는 정부3.0 추진위원회를 중심으로 정부부처의 각 정보를 빅데이터 기반 체계로 구축하고 있으며, 국토교통부에서는 국가공간정보 플랫폼을 통한 빅데이터의 적극적 활용, 일자리 창출을 지원하기 위하여 2013년부터 공간 빅데이터 체계 구축을 추진 중이다. 둘째, LH에서 구축 및 운영하고 있는 정보시스템을 중심으로 국토정보의 현황과 토지주택분야에서의 활용방안을 살펴보았다. 먼저, 정보시스템은 크게 공사업무지원, 통계조회, 부동산정보조회, 온라인민원, 국가정책지원 분야로 구분되며, 주요 활용분야 도출의 기본방향으로는 국토정보(DB), 활용수요(업무영역), 수익창출(사업모델) 측면을 고려하였다. 이러한 기본방향 설정 후 접근방법으로서 업무분야와 업무절차 측면에서 살펴본 결과, 지역개발사업 후보지 선정, 임대주택 운영 및 관리, 토지비축 우선순위 설정, 도시재생 우선순위 설정 등 4개의 활용분야를 도출하였다. 셋째, 도출한 4개의 활용분야에서 공간 빅데이터 활용체계를 구현하기 위하여 필요한 데이터와 적용방법, 각 활용분야별 분석절차를 제시하였으며, 공간 빅데이터 활용방안을 구현하기 위하여 LH에 요구되는 개선사항과 향후 검토방향을 제시하였다. This study proposes the big data policy and case studies in Korea and the application of land and housing of spatial big data to excavate the future business and to propose the spatial big data based application for the government policy in advance. As a result, at first, the policy and cases of big data in Korea were evaluated. Centered on the Government 3.0 Committee, the information from each department of government is being established with the big-data-based system, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport is establishing the spatial big data system from 2013 to support application of big data through the platform of national spatial information and job creation. Second, based on the information system established and administrated by LH, the status of national territory information and the application of land and housing were evaluated. First of all, the information system is categorized mainly into the support of public ministration, statistical view, real estate information, on-line petition, and national policy support, and as a basic direction of major application, the national territory information (DB), demand of application (scope of work), and profit creation (business model) were regarded. After the settings of such basic direction, as a result of evaluating an approach in terms of work scope and work procedure, the four application fields were extracted: selection of candidate land for regional development business, administration and operation of rental house, settings of priority for land preservation, and settings of priority for urban generation. Third, to implement the application system of spatial big data in the four fields extracted, the required data and application and analytic procedures for each application field were proposed, and to implement the application solution of spatial big data, the improvement and future direction of evaluation required from LH were proposed.

서비스 클라우드 기반 국가공간정보통합체계 확대발전방안 수립

Abstract The construction of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) started from 2008 and was completed at 2012, with the aim of co-utilizing public agencies' national spatial information by integrating and linking. Despite the existence of the NSDI, an update of spatial data is not fully reflected because the spatial information has not been updated simultaneously by NSDI and public agencies. By examining the public agencies' services using the spatial information, a national budget is wasted because the re-usable similar services are duplicated. These issues could be solved by adopting a cloud system, whose concept is co-utilizing IT resources, to the NSDI. This study examined the service cloud based expansion and development plan for NSDI. The plan included an implementation strategy for a spatial information service cloud system and an establishment plan for a governance system. The service scenarios, concept diagram, and service functions for the system were derived in a system implementation plan. For the service functions, the unit functions of two modules were proposed and specific functions were derived. In the establishment of a governance system, the business roles and business processes were defined for organizations managing service cloud based NSDI. The business role and process were defined and derived by each service life-cycle step. With the proposed system implementation plan, a detail system design and composition of the organization could be possible, and a service cloud-based NSDI system could be implemented.

국가공간정보시스템 개편 추진 방향 연구

Spatial information has been widely used for efficient land use and management, disaster management, environment management, infrastructure management, corporate marketing, and cultural assets management, and the need for spatial information is expected to be increased. For this reason, central government, local government and public institutions must establish a National Spatial Information System (Fifteen systems related to spatial information managed by National Spatial Data Infrastructure Policy office, NSIS) framework that guarantees high accuracy and quality. The NSIS will provide convenience usage of spatial information in the field of decision-making or civil support. However the current National Spatial Information System is mainly established with separate processes, which causes data redundancy, deterioration of information, passive opening, and sharing of the spatial data. This study suggests 4 standards, which has been derived by applying value-chain model to NSIS data flow, and they are ‘Production and Establishment’, ‘Integration and Sharing’, ‘Application and Fusion’ and ‘Release and Opening’. Based on these standards, the 15 NSIS were analyzed to draw out implications and reforming directions were suggested. By following these suggestions we expect more recent, consist, accurate, and connected National Spatial Information Service which will be more open to public and then satisfy the demands.

개방형 BIM 기반 IFC 모델을 이용한 실내공간정보 시각화 도구개발 및 활용방안 연구

MOLIT (Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) authorized Indoor Spatial Information as Basic spatial information in 2013. It became a legal evidence for constructing and managing Indoor Spatial Information. Although it has a little advantage to utilize as service level that Indoor Spatial Information by laser scan or measurement, it has a lot of problems such as consuming many resources, requiring additional progresses for inputting Object Information. In conclusion, it is inefficient to utilize for the maintenance and domestic AEC/FM field. The purposes of this study is to output Indoor Spatial Information by operating IFC model which based on open BIM and to improve availability of Indoor Spatial Information with data visualization. The open-sources of IFC Exporter, a inner program of Revit (Autodesk Inc), is used to output Indoor Spatial Information. Directs 3D Library is also operated to visualize Indoor Spatial Information. It is possible to inter-operate between XML format and the objects of Indoor Spatial Information. It can be utilized in various field as well. For example COBie linkage in facility management, construction of geo-database using air-photogrammetry of UAV (Unmaned Areal Vehicle), the simulation of large-scale military operations and the simulation of large-scale evacuation. The method that is purposed in this study has outstanding advantages such as conformance with national spatial information policy, high level of interoperability as indoor spatial information objects based on IFC, convenience of editing information, light level of data and simplifying progress of producing information.

국가공간정보통합체계 품질관리시스템 구축을 위한 BPR 수립

Abstract In Korea, National spatial data infrastructure has implemented in order to integrated manage and share the national spatial information producted by public agencies and local governments. The necessities of systematic quality management are raised, because information, which is generated by different agencies, is integrative managed by national level. In this paper, the establishment of BPR(Business Process Reengineering) for national spatial data infrastructure quality management system. Quality management business is defined as quality management object definition, quality measuring, evaluation and analysis, and quality enhancement process. Next, activities for each process are designed. For the quality management business, business rule(BR) is required for determining error. We derive the BR for six objects(legal-dong, railway boundary, railway centerline, road boundary, road centerline, building) among the basic spatial information. Other information's BR can be generated by using the derivation method described in this paper. Based on the BPR of this paper and derived BR, national spatial data infrastructure quality management system can be implemented in the future. Keywords: Business Process Reengineering, Spatial Information, Quality Management, Business Rule

공공데이터를 활용한 3차원 공간정보 객체의 수직위치 정확도 분석

최근 정부는 정부3.0이라는 새로운 정부운영의 패러다임으로 공공데이터를 적극적으로 개방하고 공유하는 정책을 펼치고 있다. 이와 함께 국토교통부에서는 국가공간정보 및 3차원건물, 영상지도를 포함한 다양한 콘텐츠를 일반인에게 제공하는 공간정보 오픈플랫폼 통합지도서비스(이하 브이월드)를 운영하고 있다. W3C재단의 오픈데이터 현황 보고서(2013)의 평가결과 우리나라는 정부의 정책적 지원 및 계획 부분에서는 긍정적인 결과를 나타낸 반면 데이터 관리 분야에서 취약하여 이에 대한 품질개선이 필요한 실정이다. 또한, 3차원 공간정보 객체 데이터(이하 3차원 모델)의 경우 데이터 구축에 활용한 디지털항공사진영상의 최신성이 부족하여 데이터의 현행화가 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 3차원 모델의 품질요소인 수직위치 정확도에 대해 공공데이터이며, 실측 데이터인 건축물 대장의 높이 데이터를 기준으로 국내표준 품질평가 기법을 적용하여 데이터 품질을 측정하고, 측정오차에 대한 원인을 분석하여 공공데이터를 활용한 3차원 모델의 수직위치 정확도 향상 및 최신성의 유지 가능성을 제시하고자 한다. 연구 수행 결과 건축물대장의 높이 값을 품질평가 기준으로 적용하였을 경우 수직위치 정확도가 향상되는 것을 확인하였으며, 건축물 대장의 재건축, 증축 정보를 활용할 경우 3차원 모델의 최신성의 유지를 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

교육과 연구에 있어 FOSS4G의 활용에 대한 검토

그동안 정부는 공간정보산업에 있어서 국내 기술의 발전을 위해 많은 정책들을 수행하고 투자해 왔지만, 국내 기술의 실용화 및 국제화는 미진한 수준이다. 국내 기술의 발전에 기초가 되는 교육과 연구에 있어서도 외산 소프트웨어에 의존하는 경우가 많다. OSS는 이러한 독점 소프트웨어에 대한 의존을 벗어나는 대안으로 관심을 받아왔다. 본 연구에서는 최근에 공간정보산업분야에서 주목 받고 있는 FOSS4G와 관련한 해외의 주요 동향과 각국의 사례들을 검토하였다. 특히 OSS 성장의 기초가 되어온 교육과 연구 분야의 사례들을 검토하고, 이들을 통해 국내 공간정보의 발전을 위해 필요한 정책적인 함의를 분석하였다. Since the government has implemented the spatial information policies, there have been great investments and efforts made for the development of domestic technology. However, the practical application of spatial information and the degree of internationalization still leaves more to work to do. The demand of spatial information-related education, and the research and development still relies on the proprietary software from outside. Open Source Software (OSS) has been considered as an alternative for this reason. This study reviews the major trends and examples of FOSS4G in the world, which receives a special attention in the field of spatial information industry. In particular, we analyze the policy implication for the development of national spatial information by examining cases of education and research areas that have been the foundation of the growth of OSS.

공간정보산업 활성화를 위한 공간정보 보안관리체계의 개선전략 - 공간정보의 생산·관리·보급 기관을 중심으로 -

개방과 공유에 기초한 정부 3.0이라는 새로운 패러다임이 국정전반에 확산되고 있다. 공간정보산업의 발전이라는 장기적인 관점에서 볼 때 항공사진의 공개해상도 등 공간정보 보안규제는 합리적으로 개선되어야 한다. 그러나 공간정보 보안관리체계가 합리적으로 확립되지 않은 상태에서의 규제 철폐는 자칫 국가안보와 같은 또 다른 문제를 야기할 수도 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 현행 국가 공간정보 보안정책과 공간정보산업 등 시대적 여건 변화를 고려하여, 보안규제의 완화를 위해 필요한 공간정보 보안관체계의 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 분석의 관점으로써 법제도적 측면, 운영 관리적인 측면, 기술 시스템 측면을 종합적으로 검토하였으며, 특히 공간정보 보안관리의 통합적 관점을 유지하였다. 공간정보 보안체계의 문제점과 함께 해외 공간정보 보안규제 정책을 검토한 후, 이를 토대로 합리적인 보안관리 개선 방안을 법제도적 측면, 운영 관리적인 측면, 기술 시스템 측면으로 나누어 제시하였으며 장기적인 보안규제의 완화를 위한 3단계 보안관리체계의 개선방안을 제시하였다. In a long-term perspective of development of spatial information industry, security regulation, such as limiting public picture resolution of aerial photographs, needs a rational improvement. However, unplanned deregulation of spatial information could lead problematic results such as national security issues because its present security management system is not established in reasonable manner. The main purpose of this research is to suggest the improvement plan of spatial information security management system to meet the reducing security regulation in accordance with changes of political and economic condition including current national spatial information security polices and spatial information industry. From an analytical standpoint, we examined the overall aspects of legal, operation management, and technical system while we maintained especially integrated perspective of spatial information security management. Followed by investigation of spatial information security issues, as well as its regulation and policies in overseas, rational improvement plan of security management is proposed in the aspects of legal, operation management, and technical system. It is also suggested the three-step improvement plan of reducing regulation of security management system.

공간빅데이터 개념 및 체계 구축방안 연구

본 연구에서는 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 공간빅데이터에 대한 개념과 효과적으로 공간빅데이터체계를 구축하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 공간빅데이터는 3V(volume, variety, velocity)로 정의되고 있는 빅데이터를 6V(volume, variety, velocity, value, veracity, visualization)의 빅데이터로 진화시키는 기반이라 할 수 있다. 공간빅데이터를 효과적으로 구축하기 위해서는 공간빅데이터체계 구축으로 추진되어야 하며, 공간빅데이터체계는 국가공간정보기반, 융합플랫폼, 서비스제공자, 생산요소제공자로서의 역할을 수행해야 한다. 이러한 공간빅데이터체계의 구성요소는 인프라(하드웨어), 기술(소프트웨어), 공간빅데이터(데이터), 인력, 법 제도 등이며, 공간빅데이터체계 구축을 위한 목표로 공간기반 정책수립 지원, 공간빅데이터 플랫폼 기반 산업활성화, 공간 빅데이터 융합기반 조성, 공간관련 사회현안의 적극적 해결로 제시하였다. 그리고 목표에 대한 추진전략은 범정부적 협력체계 구축, 신산업 창출 및 활용 활성화, 성과활용 중심의 공간빅데이터 플랫폼 구축, 공간빅데이터 관련 기술경쟁력 확보로 제시하였다. In this study, the concept of spatial big data and effective ways to build a spatial big data system are presented. Big Data is defined as 3V(volume, variety, velocity). Spatial big data is the basis for evolution from 3V's big data to 6V's big data(volume, variety, velocity, value, veracity, visualization). In order to build an effective spatial big data, spatial big data system building should be promoted. In addition, spatial big data system should be performed a national spatial information base, convergence platform, service providers, and providers as a factor of production. The spatial big data system is made up of infrastructure(hardware), technology (software), spatial big data(data), human resources, law etc. The goals for the spatial big data system build are spatial-based policy support, spatial big data platform based industries enable, spatial big data fusion-based composition, spatial active in social issues. Strategies for achieving the objectives are build the government-wide cooperation, new industry creation and activation, and spatial big data platform built, technologies competitiveness of spatial big data.