Implementation Of National Projects Research Articles

Main stream and scientific innovations in the field of obstetric services in the Ural Federal District

The article provides analytical data on the results of the obstetrics and childhood service of the Ural Federal District in 2023, analyzes the key indicators of the service over the past five years and provides directions for optimizing the work of the service. In the sphere of implementation of national projects “Healthcare” and “Demography”, applied scientific research and development of the “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Russian Ministry of Health makes a significant contribution to the development of medicine by improving methods of prediction, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of perinatal pathology, development of assisted reproductive technologies, which will improve the work of obstetrics and childhood services.

Transformation of theoretical approaches to enhancing the effectiveness of preferential policies

The article presents the results of many years of research by the authors on the evolution of theoretical and methodological approaches to substantiate the prerequisites and conditions for the creation of preferential regimes in various countries and regions. Based on a generalization of a large array of information sources, it was concluded that the applied forms of these regimes (free and special economic zones, free ports, territories of rapid socio-economic development, etc.) are components of regional systems in which special conditions for the functioning of entrepreneurial enterprises are legally established. structures to achieve strategic goals of economic growth. The above study notes the negative experience of creating free economic zones in the Russian Federation in the 90s of the last century due to organizational and economic omissions in the ongoing state policy, with an emphasis on the need for a more informed approach to managing the effectiveness of the implementation of such national projects in the current conditions of stagnation of the Russian economy. Paying special attention to the specifics of the stages of development of preferential regimes, the authors of the article propose a systematization of numerous factors influencing their effectiveness based on the characteristics of spatial localization, level of management, and degree of distribution. The theoretical and practical significance is represented by the author's approach to the formation of a system for managing the effectiveness of preferential regimes, starting with its main component — setting goals for their creation, consistent with the strategic goals of the development of regions and the country. Recognizing the existing imperfection of the holistic system for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of preferential regimes that are in the process of formation in Russia, the authors emphasize the timeliness and importance of developing appropriate methodological tools, especially taking into account modern external challenges.

THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE PROJECT APPROACH IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AT THE LEVEL OF UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM OF TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF POWER

The article is devoted to the issue of project management implementation by public management bodies of the decentralized system of territorial organization of power, in particular the functional features and advantages of implementing project management tools in the activities of united territorial communities of Ukraine. It is determined that the project approach to project management today is one of the most popular ways of management in the modern world. The relevance of the widespread introduction of project management methodology and project approach in the practice of public administration as a new culture of management and effective tools for good governance in a crisis, instability and uncertainty is substantiated, solving industrial, scientific and social problems. It was concluded that the use of project management methodology at the national level of the decentralized system of territorial organization of power is both strategic and tactical in nature. In strategic terms, the project approach makes it possible to focus the efforts of public authorities on solving urgent problems of long-term development of society in its key areas, reducing tensions in the socio-political sphere, by increasing the efficiency of public authorities to strengthen their legitimacy and resilience to internal and external threats establish a stable partnership dialogue with communities and civil society institutions. In terms of tactics, budget savings, reduction of implementation of state programs and national projects, some optimization of government structures and improved coordination of public authorities, cooperation and public-private partnerships with business entities.

The implementation of the national project “Healthcare” in the context of the restructuring of the economy

The implementation of national projects, including new ones, which were announced on February 29, 2024 in the Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly, can have a serious impact on the restructuring of the Russian economy. However, the mechanism of this influence, including through the implementation of the national project “Healthcare”, has not been sufficiently studied.

Implementation of national projects as a factor ensuring economic security of Russia problems, myths, reality

Implementation of national projects as a factor ensuring economic security of Russia problems, myths, reality

Main trends in providing medical personnel to the state healthcare system of the Russian Federation

The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in the provision of medical personnel to the state health care system during the implementation of state programs and national projects in the field of health care. Materials and methods. Statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of Russia for 2012–2023, regulatory legal acts, passport of national project. Methods of descriptive statistics and analytical were used. Results. A reduction in indicators of the supply of doctors, paramedical personnel and the ratio of doctor/nursing medical personnel and a discrepancy between their target values established in state programs and national projects for the development of healthcare was revealed. Differences in the values of target indicators of state programs and national projects have been identified. Conclusion. The need to take urgent measures to eliminate the reduction in the supply of medical personnel has been identified. Differences in the dynamics of staffing indicators indicate the heterogeneity of the level of development of regions and their preparedness for events within the framework of state programs and national projects to achieve target indicators. Measures are needed to eliminate territorial imbalances, as well as to search for mechanisms to equalize differences between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Differences in the values of indicators for achieving the goals of state programs and national projects complicate their assessment and determine the need to form a hierarchy of state programs and national projects, as well as the development of scientifically based target indicators, taking into account regional characteristics and the needs of the population for medical care.

Organizational and methodological aspects of state financial control over the implementation of national projects

Organizational and methodological aspects of state financial control over the implementation of national projects

The role of cluster approach in the financial support for innovative development

Subject. The article addresses the system of financial support for innovative development based on the cluster approach. Objectives. The purpose is to develop methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of financial support for innovative development at the expense of public funds, using the cluster and correlation and regression analysis. Methods. The study applies the cluster and correlation and regression analysis, methods of horizontal and vertical analysis, method of grouping, and others. Results. I investigated the role and operating results of innovation clusters, the government programme aimed at innovative development, assessed the impact of program financing on indicators of economic and innovative development and the expediency of the cluster approach. I identified three clusters based on such factors as the proportion of organizations that carried out technological innovations and the proportion of innovative goods, works, and services in the total volume of shipped goods, performed works, and rendered services. I obtained a two-factor model of relationship between GRP and the volume of innovative products, and the number of researchers with an academic degree. Conclusions. The paper proved that using the cluster approach enables to approach positive results of State programmes and national projects implementation.

Assessing the financial mechanism for achieving the Russian Federation national goals until 2030

Subject. This article discusses the principles of the budget policy of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the obligations of the federal budget to finance the implementation of national projects at the regional level. Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis. Results. Based on the analysis of organizational and financial mechanisms for achieving the national goals of the Russian Federation, the article shows that in practice, the effectiveness of the use of public funds is often assessed, but not the effectiveness of their provision. Conclusions. The assessment of the financial mechanism for achieving national goals should be guided by the ratio of Efficiency of Use of Budget Funds – Effectiveness of Project Completion.

Prospects for the Implementation of National Projects of the Russian Federation for the Period 2025–2030, Taking into Account the New Model of Economic Development

Prospects for the Implementation of National Projects of the Russian Federation for the Period 2025–2030, Taking into Account the New Model of Economic Development

Analyzing and assessing risks for accredited inspection bodies

The legislation of the Russian Federation stipulates the necessity for accreditation within the national system that en-compasses organizations engaged by control (surveillance) bodies to accomplish inspections. Activities performed by inspection bodies have strategic importance and provide necessary support for surveillance over implementation of national development projects. It is especially relevant to provide uninterrupted functioning of accredited inspection bodies. Contemporary conditions require improvement of the existing legal and organizational approaches used by federal budgetary institutions in their activities as well as developing and implementing new ones. Statistical data on the research object of the present study and relevant mathematical models are non-existent; given that, we applied an expert approach to risk identification using the Delphi method and expert judgment. The aim of this study was to analyze and assess risks in activities performed by an accredited inspection body and suggest ways to minimize them. Two groups took part in the study. The first one included experts (18 technical directors of three inspection bodies); the second group was made of analysts. The most competent specialists in the analyzed field of activity where risks would be identified were selected as experts. Their functional duties covered responsibility for risks associated with activities of an inspection body as well as for responses to them. To obtain ideas of analyzed risks, we used a questionnaire to collect experts’ answers and to distribute them into specific categorize for further analysis. A risk level was identified by using the risk analysis diagram. Any response measures were taken relying on this level. We created a register of risk levels and responses to them. A high risk was identified in activities performed by an inspection body as regards external influence of new changes in the legislation. Reformation of the accreditation system for organizations operating in the sphere of providing sanitary-epidemiological welfare may be a potential solution to the existing problem.

Анализ и оценка рисков для аккредитованных органов инспекции

The legislation of the Russian Federation stipulates the necessity for accreditation within the national system that en-compasses organizations engaged by control (surveillance) bodies to accomplish inspections. Activities performed by inspection bodies have strategic importance and provide necessary support for surveillance over implementation of national development projects. It is especially relevant to provide uninterrupted functioning of accredited inspection bodies. Contemporary conditions require improvement of the existing legal and organizational approaches used by federal budgetary institutions in their activities as well as developing and implementing new ones. Statistical data on the research object of the present study and relevant mathematical models are non-existent; given that, we applied an expert approach to risk identification using the Delphi method and expert judgment. The aim of this study was to analyze and assess risks in activities performed by an accredited inspection body and suggest ways to minimize them. Two groups took part in the study. The first one included experts (18 technical directors of three inspection bodies); the second group was made of analysts. The most competent specialists in the analyzed field of activity where risks would be identified were selected as experts. Their functional duties covered responsibility for risks associated with activities of an inspection body as well as for responses to them. To obtain ideas of analyzed risks, we used a questionnaire to collect experts’ answers and to distribute them into specific categorize for further analysis. A risk level was identified by using the risk analysis diagram. Any response measures were taken relying on this level. We created a register of risk levels and responses to them. A high risk was identified in activities performed by an inspection body as regards external influence of new changes in the legislation. Reformation of the accreditation system for organizations operating in the sphere of providing sanitary-epidemiological welfare may be a potential solution to the existing problem.

The Institutional Environment as a Tool for Managing the Development of the Region in the Context of Digitalization

Relevance. In the context of digitalization and digital transformation, the institutional environment can be considered as a tool for managing the development of the region. This circumstance predetermined the choice of topic and proved its relevance.The purpose of the study is to study the institutional environment as a tool for managing the development of the region in the context of digitalization.Objectives: the management of the implementation of state programs in the context of digital transformation, compliance with the requirements of federal and regional legislation regulating project activities, the possibility of regulating the mechanisms of project management of regional programs are considered; the role of project management is considered as an effective tool for the implementation of national projects in changing conditions, ensuring the achievement of national goals.Methodology. In the process of carrying out the work, analytical methods were used to study the mechanisms of regional management, including digital technologies and their impact on the efficiency of management processes.Results. As a result of the work on this study, it was revealed that project management of government programs today comes to the fore. project management has a fundamental difference in terms of integration and synchronization of target indicators of state programs, taking into account the requirements of legislation at the federal and regional levels. More significant factors of the internal and external environment are identified that influence the result during project management, regulatory regulation, monitoring control points, and assessing the effectiveness of using the resource potential of the region, the ability to make timely adjustments during the implementation of activities by responsible participants to achieve results, for which it is necessary to simplify the adjustment procedure.Conclusions. When forming government programs, it is important to assess the impact of the process of organizing project activities in each region. Compliance with the requirements of regulatory legal acts and other methodological frameworks regulating the organization of project activities, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of regional programs is assessed. In this regard, improving the legislation regulating project activities in order to ensure the implementation of national projects will strengthen the possibilities for the transition of the real sector of the economy to a digital format.

Illegal Activities of Cartel Organizations in the Field of Public Procurement as a New Object of Statistical Study

The sphere of public procurement and the disbursement of budget funds in all countries is an environment that attracts not only respectable entrepreneurs who want to make guaranteed money, but also various “criminal white-collar elements.” According to various estimates, the volume of financing for public procurement in the Russian Federation occupies up to one third of the total GDP. A large number of labor and financial resources are involved in this area, while regularly changing legislation in this area, as well as the complexity of procurement procedures for different categories of goods, works, and services create favorable conditions and allow unscrupulous bidders, as well as corrupt customer representatives, to obtain unjustified profits and illegal remuneration. In the current situation, the introduction of new control measures becomes vital to ensure fair competition and efficient use of budget funds. That is why additional research and measures aimed at eliminating these problems and the preconditions for their occurrence are an integral part of ensuring the effectiveness of the public procurement system and protecting public interests.Purpose of the research is to study the genesis of cartel agreements in public procurement and their impact on the implementation of national projects in the Russian Federation, as well as the impact of cartel agreements on the presence of healthy competition and the efficiency of spending budget funds. As part of the paper, the state of crime in this area was examined; the signs of cartel agreements, methods for identifying cartels, as well as signs of collusion between the customer and the participant in public procurement were identified.Methods and materials. The author in his paper applies a comprehensive methodological approach, including analysis of statistical data, methods of the general theory of statistics, as well as methods of synthesis and analysis. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the current legal regulation in the field of public procurement. Graphical and tabular methods were used to visualize statistical data. The study is based on data provided by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation, the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation and the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court.Results of the study. The paper made a quantitative assessment of the scope of public procurement in recent years, and assessed the work carried out by law enforcement officials and the antimonopoly service. Typical violations of antimonopoly legislation during public procurement are given and methods for identifying them are proposed. The illegal schemes used by cartel participants in electronic trading are analyzed, as well as problematic issues and ways to resolve them that arise in practice. The paper proposes various approaches to increasing the efficiency of law enforcement and control agencies. An analysis of law enforcement practice revealed problems associated with proving crimes in this area, and noted an insufficient level of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation.Conclusion. In the study, the author analyzed the main features of cartels, proposed methods for identifying them, as well as ways to improve the verification activities carried out. The presented measures do not exhaust the topic of the study, and to effectively combat cartels, a systematic approach is recommended, including not only improving the quality of work of law enforcement and control agencies, but also improving the software and hardware used in carrying out inspections. Cartels in public procurement are a relatively new phenomenon for Russia; statistical data obtained from the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation indicate that law enforcement and control authorities are just beginning their work to counter the criminal behavior of participants in cartel agreements. Only the fruitful joint work of law enforcement and control agencies will ensure the economic security of the state and protect the national interests of the Russian Federation.

Institutional measures to support the Education – Labour Market system in regions of Russia

The paper analyses the dynamics of unemployment in the Central Federal District regions in 2018-2022. The main issues are problems at the Russian labour market in 2020-2023, and measures of their state regulation taken at the federal and regional levels. The paper considers the measures of state support for the Russian labour market during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic restrictions, and describes their consequences. Also there is an assessment of the role of secondary vocational education system, implementation of state programs and national projects, i.e. the federal projects «Professional», «Young Professionals». Paper listed the professions and specialties in colleges of the Ivanovo and Yaroslavl regions. On the example of the Ivanovo region we consider the establishment of educational and production centres (clusters). The study considers goals, objectives, stages, directions of development, institutional environment, services of the National Qualifications System of the Russian Federation, the essence of Independent Qualification Assessment in details. The study also highlights the role of the state for a secondary vocational education system development.

The Impact of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Field of Demography and Health-Care on the Quality of Life of the Population

The study examines the features of state policy in the field of demography and health care, special attention is paid to the analysis of the main indicators of the quality of life of the population, as well as the results already achieved within the framework of the national projects “Demography” and “Health Care”. The problems of low life expectancy of the population and a decrease in the birth rate have been identified. Based on the results of monitoring of the national projects “Demography” and “Health Care”, it was concluded that they are interconnected and it is possible to achieve the targets only through the successful implementation of both national projects. Based on this, the research suggests measures aimed at improving state policy in the field of demography and health, including the need to strengthen measures aimed at combating neoplasms, including malignant ones, which in turn will have a positive impact on the quality of life of the country’s population.

Концессионное природопользование в Евро-Арктической зоне России в 1920-е годы: эколого-экономический и исторический аспект

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the development of concessions in the European North of Russia, showing their impact on economic development and the state of the environment. The purpose of the research is to study the experience of transferring the raw materials resources of the European north of Russia in concession to foreign entrepreneurs in the 1920s to attract investment in the implementation of projects for proper and economically efficient use of natural resources. The author considers forestry, fishing and fur-trading concessions as the object of the study. Based on the analysis of various published and archival sources the author reveals that the concessionaires, in the interests of obtaining income, violated state laws, including environmental laws. Critical analysis of the activities of foreign concessions creates a scientific basis for the implementation of national economic projects, and gives impetus to the development of domestic environmental science. The results of the study on the use of the experience of concessional environmental management are due to be applied in developing measures to prevent the negative impact of Arctic development on the environment, to attract investments, including foreign ones, to harmonize the interests of business and the local population.

National Projects as a tool for Implementing the Welfare State in Modern Russia

Introduction. A national project is a strategic plan for the development of the country in any specific area, adopted for a certain period, including target indicators, tasks necessary for implementation to achieve them, designation of methods and means of achieving goals, implying financing in the required amount. In Russian political practice, national projects in their content are primarily related to social policy. National projects in modern Russia can be considered as a tool for implementing the policy of the welfare state.Methodology and sources. The author used foreign and Russian theories of the welfare state and legal acts of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study was: the theory of social representations by S. Moscovici, namely the idea that representations are a specific way of understanding and communication, which creates reality and common sense; modern theories of public administration efficiency. The empirical basis was data from sociological surveys and official statistics.Results and discussion. The current results of the implementation of national projects are considered within the framework of compliance with the following components of the welfare state: creating a comfortable social environment; creating conditions and opportunities for self-realization and revealing the talent of each person; the emergence of incentives for the creation and functioning of non-state institutions aimed at improving the quality of life of citizens.Conclusion. National projects in the near future can be considered as potential opportunities for overcoming a number of difficulties and social problems within the framework of the socio-economic development of Russia, and thereby ensuring the strengthening of the welfare state.

On the organization of prosecutorial and supervisory support for the implementation of the national project “Ecological Well-Being”

The author examines the relations between the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation and supervisory support in the field of implementation of a national project in the field of ecology. The subject of the research is the practice of the prosecutor's offices of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, the case law of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Russian Federation and organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, the works of scientists related to the topic of research. The methodological basis of the research includes the dialectical method; system method; methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, observation, modeling, historical, comparative legal, statistical and other methods. The author examines the organization of supervisory support for national projects, in particular, the problems that arise during work with sources of information about violations of laws, the organization of systemic information interaction with the objects being inspected, the distribution of responsibilities among prosecutors, the formation of departmental reporting, interaction with specialists (experts) during inspections, as well as during inspections at various stages of implementation of national projects. The work classifies typical violations and analyzes specific examples at various stages of national project implementation, such as: organizing and conducting procurement; implementation of government contracts; payment of government contracts and other expenditure of budget funds; organization and implementation of subsequent maintenance of purchased equipment and constructed facilities. The author also substantiates the need to create a single expert institution in the Russian Federation.

Налоговые риски в контексте достижения национальных целей развития России на 2024 год

The subject of the study is tax risks arising in the implementation of strategic tasks of Russia's development to ensure the achievement of socially significant results in the breakthrough scientific, technological and socio—economic de-velopment of the country, improving people's living standards in 2024. The objectives of the work are to identify the essence and sources of significant tax risks that create uncertainty in the implementation of strategic objectives of Russia and national projects, and the formation of their consequenc-es/probabilities matrix. The sources of tax risks visualized using the Ishikawa method are analyzed. The key problems preventing the successful fulfillment of the strategic tasks set for the Russian economy and the implementation of na-tional projects are shown. The essence of tax risks is established as a result of the influence of tax uncertainties on the fulfillment of the tasks of national pro-jects and the ways to prevent them as a result of the control and analytical work of tax authorities aimed at ensuring macroeconomic stability and a steady increase in socio-economic indicators are presented. Proposals have been formulated to eliminate the sources of tax risks. The con-clusion is made about the need for continuous tax control of tax risks during the entire period of fulfillment of the national development goals of Russia.