National Labor Movements Research Articles

L'identité des ouvriers-mécaniciens gantois au XIXe siècle - Une contribution au début sur le rôle social de l'élite ouvrière

Abstract : An elite amongst the mass of factory workers. The economic, social and political identity of the Ghent metalworkers in the XlXth. century. The development of the engineering trade in the city of Ghent is dealt with in the first place. The technological changes occurring at the end of the century are considered particularly. These shiftings are linked to the social and political characteristics of the Ghent mechanics. Till the 1880s metalworkers were highly skilled and very well paid. By means of social contacts, (geographical and social) origin, living conditions and ideology, they distinguished themselves from the other workers of the town. When the mechanical tools were introduced, highly skilled work disappeared. Distinctions between the mechanics and other workers disappeared as well, though engineering wages remained high (by means of a sophisticated systemof premiums). Also, Ghent mechanics took the lead of the local and even the national socialist labour movement.

Project Labour Movement and the Welfare State: Work in Progress

In August 1982 we started out on a comparative research project entitled 'Labour Movement and the Welfare State labour movements, occupational safety regulations, unemployment insurance and pension schemes in four West European countries since 1945'. The project is being carried out at the Sociological Institute of the University of Copenhagen, and is being partly financed by the Danish Social Science Research Council for a period of two years. The theme is the study of the reciprocal relations between distinct characteristics of various national labour movements and different national routes of development in shaping three areas of welfare policies crucial to wage labour: occupational safety, unemployment insurance, and pension benefits. The project can be specified by the following themes:

International Socialism and the Question of Peace: The Stockholm Conference of 1917

During the summer of I 9 I 7, the city of Stockholm became the focal point of attempts to convene a conference of the parties and groups of the international labour movement to debate and define their positions on the war and peace aims. The projected conference aroused great hopes throughout the world, and became the symbol of the desire for peace in a war-torn Europe. As is well known, the conference never took place, and the euphoria of the summer soon faded. This essay will seek to examine the motives and divisions of the promoters of the idea, and will also try to establish the significance of this conference manque'e in the history of international socialism.' Inevitably, the socialist initiative was fated to become linked to the manceuvres of the belligerent powers, and recent research has shown that there was a much greater degree of collusion between the socialists supporting the national war effort and their governments than was assumed by Arno Mayer. Useful though Mayer's concept of the 'forces of movement' is, it does tend to gloss over the real differences within national labour movements, and between the parties of the opposing sides.2 The Stockholm initiative was in fact dogged from the outset by divisions within the ranks of the socialists themselves. The immediate impetus was provided by the February revolution in Russia and the Petrograd Soviet's proclamation 'To the peoples of the entire world' of 27 March, which invited the peoples of Europe to take common decisive action in favour of peace. The initiative for an international socialist conference was taken by Dutch and Scandinavian socialists, and was the culmination of a series of attempts by the 'northern neutrals' to promote a revival of international socialist contacts.3 The Dutch-Scandinavian Committee set up in

BOOK NOTES

Book reviewed in this article: official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia, No. Business and Procedures of the House of Representatives.H. J. Hofstra. New Techniques of Budget Preparation and Management.C. E. Hawley and R. G. Weintraub (eds). Administrative Questions and Political Answers.R. A. Irish. A Businessman's Views of the AdministrationH. G. Gelber. Australia, Britain and the E.E.C., 1961 to 1963.M. W. Raffel. Planning by the North Canterbury Hospital Board.J. William Fulbright. Prospects for the West.E. M. Kassalow. National Labor Movements in the Postwar World.Bruce H. Millen. The Political Role of Labor in Developing Countries.J. Edward Gerald. The Social Responsibility of the Press.Sanford A. Lakoff. Equality in Political Philosophy. hilip Mullenbach. Civilian Nuclear Power.H. V. Livermore. A New History of Portugal.Nikola Balog. Administrative Management of Public Enterprises.Mumtaz Soysal. Public Relations in Administration: II. The Influence of the Public on the Operation of Public Administration, Excluding Electoral Rights.

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World.

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World.

Book Review: Labor Organizations: National Labor Movements in the Postwar World

Book Review: Labor Organizations: National Labor Movements in the Postwar World

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World.

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World.

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World. Edited by Everett M. Dassalow Northwestern University Press, 1840 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois. 256 pages.

National Labor Movements in the Postwar World. Edited by Everett M. Dassalow Northwestern University Press, 1840 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois. 256 pages.. Un article de la revue Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations (Volume 19, numéro 2, avril 1964, p. 149-284) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.