National Education Curriculum Research Articles

Discussion

Discussion

Algebraic Literacy among Pesantren-based Senior High School Students

Mathematics is a vital means needed by students to solve various problems, both personal and social, and it is required to succeed in work. Thus, students are highly expected to possess good mathematical literacy. In the 21st Century, most of parents would rather choose pesantren-based schools for their children since they believe that theirs will have chance to acquire universal and religious sciences, at once, for their life. Further, the current research was aimed to investigate level of algebraic literacy among pesantren-based senior high school students, along with its determinant factors. Qualitative research method was employed by means of descriptive approach. Moreover, there were 30 students involved in the research; all of which were the twelfth graders of Science Class of a pesantren-based senior high school in Madura, Indonesia. To collect data, two instruments were used: algebraic literacy test and guideline to interview with the Math teacher and the Vice Principal of Curriculum Affairs. The results showed that level of algebraic literacy among students was dramatically low, with 94% of whom classified in below Level 1, 3% in Level 2, and 3% in Level 3. Moreover, lack of student’s focus in learning Mathematics was one of possible causes of it as the students were strongly demanded to learn about two major sciences at once. Therefore, any endeavors for betterment from the teacher and institution are needed to make algebraic literacy among students get improved; one of which can be by integrating pesantren and national education curricula.

Applying STEM Engineering Design Process through Designing and Making of Electrostatic Painting Equipment in Two Rural Schools in Vietnam

STEM education has been emphasized in Vietnam’s new National Education Curriculum to develop students’ capacity and prepare for the modern labor market. However, there are concerns that STEM education may not be suitable for low-budget or rural schools, where the conditions are insufficient. This research aims to investigate the possibility and efficiency of applying STEM education, focused on the Engineering Design Process (EDP), in rural high schools in Vietnam. This paper reported the results of two rounds of research on 96 grade 11 rural students who participated in a STEM project of designing and making electrostatic painting equipment using the EDP as the alignment. The students were from two rural schools of Thap Muoi district, Dong Thap province in Mekong Delta, where education was considered lower than the general standard of Vietnam. Data was collected using qualitative research methods, including teacher’s observation and notes for the whole process, students’ portfolios (worksheets, research diary, diagram and pictures, video clips, messages, and notes), and informal interviews. Triangulations were applied during data collection and analysis. The results showed promising where the students actively engaged in all the stages of the EDP and could accomplish all the requirements. Moreover, compared to round 1, round 2 showed slightly better indicators which means the experience of the teacher is improved the students’ achievement. Therefore, it can be concluded that STEM EDP can be applied with encouraging results even in rural schools.

Student Gestures in Solving Mathematics Problems in Group Discussion Activities

As one of the subjects in the national education curriculum, mathematics has an important role in human life. Mathematics is not only used as a reference for continuing higher education but is also used to support one's career. However, in reality, students still find it difficult to understand the material being studied, including understanding the problems in mathematics. This study aims to analyze the use of gestures in solving mathematical problems in group discussions. This research uses qualitative research and uses exploratory, descriptive research. The research subjects selected consisted of 2 students in the low group, two in the medium group, and two in the high group based on discussions with the subject teacher. The observed gesture is when students solve problems in groups. The results of data analysis show that the gestures made by students have several variations. Students in the high group performed more gestures such as pointing, writing, and representational gestures, and they understood the problem better. Representational gestures used by high-ability students can provide conceptual understanding to their groupmates, while those with moderate and low abilities in the discussion process of solving mathematical problems are still confused in representing the intent of their problem-s.

Analysis of Social Character Values of Politeness in Nussa and Rara Films

Education is an important aspect of human life since it lasts throughout human life. The politeness value must be instilled from an early age in the family, community, and school environment. The phenomenon of the crisis in the value of politeness is a problem that must be resolved. Character education material contained in the National Education Curriculum, especially regarding the value of politeness, should be conveyed through interactive media to facilitate children's learning and understanding, and one of which is through cartoon/animation films. Accordingly, the above reason is the background for research on the Social Character Analysis of Politeness Value in the Nussa and Rara Films. The purpose of this study, in general, is to analyze the politeness values in the animated series Nussa and Rara and their benefits for cultivating the values of politeness in children. The method in this research was through content analysis by discussing in-depth sentences and scenes in animated films in the form of words, sentences, pictures, cut scenes, paragraphs, and so on. There were ten aspects of politeness character based on the analysis of Nussa and Rara, such as (1) Respect for older people; (2) Receiving something always with the right hand; (3) Do not speak dirty and harsh words; (4) Not being arrogant; (5) Dress modestly; (6) Not spitting carelessly;( 7) Appreciating the efforts of others; (8) Respect the opinions of others; (9) Giving, and (10) Do not interrupt in conversation.

Pendidikan Kaum Tertindas: Perjumpaan Gagasan Pendidikan Paulo Freire dan Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Harapan Bagi Pendidikan Di Indonesia

The true education is education that is capable of humanizing humans beings. It will also continue to be an effective means to educate the nation's life in accordance with the objectives of the Indonesian state. However, in reality, this goal has not been achieved until now. The reality of oppression through the world of education is still happened now. we can see it in government policies on education, such as: the problem concerns the issue quality of education, equity of educational and management of education. First, this obscure direction of education is very visible from the national curriculum of education which is always changing which is not only aimed at improving the quality of education, but also full of ideology, politic, economic interests. Second, the problem of equity of education, which is related to the condition of Indonesian children who cannot get good quality education. Third, management of education issues include government policies, bureaucracy and transparency of education. The ideological and capitalistic situations in education like this has become a field criticized by Paulo Freire and Ki Hadjar Dewantara. These two figures see that human beings must reach their humanity. In other words, they must be free: free from injustice, oppression and even duping. These two figures outline the philosophical ideas of education based on knowledge and life experiences that come into contact with oppression, human suffering both those they experience themselves and those around them. Some parts of their educational views can be recommended in the educational context in Indonesia.

특수교육 기본교육과정의 개정 방향을 위한 제언

National special education curriculum is a fundamental standard of education for students with disabilities. There is currently a nation-wide research being conducted to reform the national special education curriculum. The purpose of this study was to present suggestions for the development of the 2022 Basic Curriculum for Special Education. The ultimate goal of special education is to improve the independence of students with disabilities, helping them to succeed in their present and future lives in a variety of settings such as home, school, community, and job. The study suggested three approaches for reforming the national basic curriculum for special education. The first approach was to use a functional life skills curriculum for reforming the special education basic curriculum. The second was to use a unified subjects approach for the reform of the basic curriculum for special education. Finally, the third approach was to infuse the content of the basic curriculum for special education with functional subject contents. The study ends with a discussion of these approaches as they pertain to the reform of the nation-wide special education curriculum for students with disabilities.

Harmonization of the Education Curriculum at Pesantren Al Falah Gorontalo: An Educational Philosophy Study

Pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) have become character-building institutions trusted by the Indonesian people; however, as educational institutions, pesantren must adapt to the national education curriculum which can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to critically identify and analyze the implementation of the educational curriculum at the pesantren Al Falah Gorontalo, based on the educational philosophy point of view. A qualitative approach was employed, using the hermeneutics method. Interpretation, description, synthetic analysis, internal coherence, holistic, reflection, and heuristics were used. The results indicated that the pesantren Al Falah Gorontalo combined two educational curriculums. Analysis from the educational philosophy perspective found that the implementation of education was based on essentialism educational philosophical ideas, which assume that education is full of flexibility and helps students to adhere to noble values, spiritual characteristics, and human guidance to achieve a more noble life.
 Keywords: pesantren, curriculum, combination, essentialism, education

Bringing the Children’s Songs of the Rungus of Sabah into Malaysian Music Classrooms

The Rungus are one of the indigenous Dusunic ethnic groups of Sabah, most of whom reside in the administrative Districts of Kudat and Pitas. In Rungus culture, many different genres of intangible cultural heritage have been passed down orally over generations. These heritages are valuable resources for teaching cultural awareness and appreciation among children of different ethnicities in Malaysia. They have yet to be introduced in the national music education curriculum. The purpose of this research was to document, transcribe, analyse, and thereafter to select the appropriate longoi tanganak (children’s songs) and longoi pogondoi (lullabies) that are suitable to be introduced into the Malaysia primary school music curriculum based on the recommendations of the culture bearers. This research employed ethnographic field techniques including participant observations, in-depth and focus group interviews, as well as audio and video recording. This article taps on the suggestions of culture bearers in developing suitable song repertoires that serve as school music teachers’ resources. Findings show that culture bearers recommended counting songs performed in recited heighten speech, songs arranged in the do- re- mi- so and do- mi- so tone sets, and rhythmic motifs based on the and patterns as beginner repertoire for learning Rungus songs.

The Relationship of Self Regulated Learning with Academic Adjustment of Seventh Grade Santri of Pondok Pesantren

Academic adjustment is an important thing for students, especially seventh graders at Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School, one of the modern-based Islamic boarding schools that combines the national education curriculum and the cottage curriculum. In early adolescence, students have begun to develop cognitive strategies and adjust behavior to the academic environment. The ability of students to regulate cognitive and behavior in learning is called self-regulated learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-regulated learning and the academic adjustment amongst seventh grade students of Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. The research method used in this research was mixed methods. Quantitative data was collected from 160 students through The Motivated Strategies of Learning Questionnaire Scale (MSLQ) to measure self-regulated learning and Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) to measure academic adjustment. While in the qualitative approach, group interviews students were conducted into three group based on the level of the self-regulated learning group and academic adjustment. The result reveals that there was a significant positive relationship between self-regulated learning and the academic adjustment of seventh grade students at Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School (r = 0,561; p < 0,001) indicating that students who had high self-regulated learning also had high academic adjustment at Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. The group discussion found interesting results where students who have good motivation, cognitive strategies and learning behavior strategies, then adjust themselves to academic demands at Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School is also good.

Professional Development of Music Teacher in China: Practice and Challenges

Since 2001, national basic education curriculum reforms have been instituting to meet the demands of quality-oriented education in China. Due to this nationwide reform proposed to cultivate students’ moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic development, music education which is a vital component of aesthetic education has received considerable critical attention from Chinese government. In the last two decades, the argument of significance of teachers’ professional development (PD) in curriculum reform has led a growing trend towards practice aimed to promote PD of music teachers in China. This paper presents an analysis of challenges the music teacher PD practice has met. Based on the discussion, it must be suggested that policymakers, school principals, PD program providers should increase attention to the effectiveness of music teacher PD programs and take available measures. This paper contributes to ongoing discussions about factors to be considered in designing PD programs for music teachers in countries or societies under the influence of Confucian culture. Potential areas of further work include exploring the factors restricting the effectiveness of music teacher PD programs in China and the framework of high-quality PD program for music teachers in the context of Confucian culture.

REPUTASI KESUSASTRAAN MELAYU DALAM PENDIDIKAN DAN BUDAYA GLOBAL

The Malay nation has a very long history in the archipelago. Starting from the language that received the title of lingua franca, script, culture, to producing literature that contains cultural values that are so deep. Thus, the Malay language and its works are one of the cultural treasures of the archipelago. This study uses literature study method. The results of the study show that along with the development of the times, Malay literature is considered to have experienced a degradation of existence. This literature met a turning point and its reputation faded to be replaced by modern literature such as poetry and romance. Basically this happens not because of the literary entity, but because the next author or writer cannot give life or soul to every literature. One way to continue to revive and preserve Malay culture is through education in formal institutions. Unfortunately, in the current national education curriculum, the teaching of classical Malay literature is minimized. This makes the reputation of Malay literature dim and raises concerns about the loss of Malay culture in the archipelago.

Establishing Football Vocational Schools: Perspective from Turkey

The aim of this study was to understand what principles should be used in the future when establishing Football Vocational Schools in Turkey in order to ensure that future Turkish football players are better trained, and that this occurs in economically viable ways. The study was conducted as a case study. The data were collected using the interview technique and then subject to content analysis. Converting the football academy units currently found in Turkish sports clubs into Football Vocational Schools will fill the current deficiencies in the Turkish education system and will provide the well-trained and elite football players increasingly required by professional clubs. These schools should focus on providing education and training in football, which should be complemented by the subjects in the national education curriculum. This will make it easier for talented young footballers to choose football as a profession from an early age. Such a training model will help create a new service area with high added value in a market in which there is strong international competition. Keywords: Vocational School, Syllabus, Football Training, Turkish Education, Football Economy

A Historical Metamorphosis of Physical Education and Extra-curricular School Sport Activities in Chatsworth, Durban, South Africa (1960–2020)

Chatsworth is a township, which was consciously designed by the South African apartheid government in order to suppress its residents’ educational, social, financial, spiritual, and physical development. The primary aim of this article is to chronologically describe the history of Physical Education and extra-curricular school sport from 1960 to 2020, in the community of Chatsworth, through review of national, provincial, and local educational policies and extra-curricular school sport management structures. A narrative literature surveillance was completed using Google Scholar and Sabinet. Key search terms were “Chatsworth,” “physical education,” and “school sport.” The search identified 2050 records, of which only six were ultimately included. The records were assessed for researcher, bias employing a modified Downs and Black Appraisal scale. Due to the paucity of literature recounting the history of Chatsworth’s Physical Education and extra-curricular school sport, interviews were conducted with two proponent Chatsworth physical education teachers. The article describes the national and provincial education curriculum reforms that influenced Physical Education and extra-curricular school sport in Chatsworth.

Curriculum of Management in Improving the Quality of Catholic School Education in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

This study aims to describe curriculum management in improving the quality of education in Catholic schools in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Observation, documentation, and interview techniques were used to obtain data related to curriculum management in improving the quality of Catholic education by involving foundation administrators, school principals, vice-principals, curriculum fields, and teachers. The collected data were analyzed in the form of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and checking the validity of the data by using technical triangulation methods. The results of this study found that educational curriculum planning in improving the quality of education in Catholic schools always emphasizes the importance of aspects of the school's vision and mission, changes that occur in the education process, and is adjusted to the national education curriculum program and local content curriculum, school circumstances and needs. Curriculum organization is carried out by assigning duties and authority by the principal to the curriculum coordinator, namely the vice principal, and to senior teachers to supervise the learning process. In addition, through classroom supervision, teacher performance is assessed in the learning process. Good curriculum management, it can be a roadmap to achieve effective and efficient learning, build student character, improve learning achievement, and ultimately improve the quality of education.

Universal Design for Learning: Is It Gaining Momentum in Irish Education?

Responding to student diversity has become a key policy priority in education systems around the world. In addition to international and national institutional policies, major changes are underway in instructional practices and pedagogy in many national contexts. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) has become a key pedagogical approach used in education systems which seek to promote inclusive and equitable education in response to student diversity. Despite Ireland’s policy commitment to inclusive education, UDL has been traditionally focused on the higher education sector with little discussion about the role UDL can play at primary and second-level education to achieve inclusion. Furthermore, there has been no research to date on the extent to which education policy reforms are introducing part, or all, of the aspects of the UDL framework. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which UDL is gaining momentum in Irish primary and second-level education through an analysis of curriculum policy. This paper examines the development and evolution of UDL in Irish education policy over the past decade by exploring the use of UDL in national educational curriculum frameworks. The paper highlights how UDL is slowly and implicitly emerging in education policy at a national level but suggests further momentum could be gained from its inclusion in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) and professional development programmes. By exploring the development of UDL within existing policy contexts, the paper argues for a more explicit commitment to UDL as part of ongoing curriculum reform at the primary level, the review of Senior Cycle, and Ireland’s broader inclusive education agenda.

CHILDREN’S LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND GROWTH-PROMOTING INCOME REDISTRIBUTION

Bénabou [(2002) Econometrica 70, 481–517.] demonstrated how progressive redistribution mitigates unequal opportunity for education to promote growth. We ask how effective that policy is when it affects the average quality of education. So, we add a learning externality in his model of human capital accumulation. It captures how knowledge diffusion through global channels—such as a national educational curriculum—influences children’s learning outcomes and, hence, growth. Whether inequality is a curse or a blessing for economic growth depends on how efficiently an economy designs these channels and to what extent they influence children’s education. The greater this efficiency, the lower is the optimal progressiveness of income redistribution for maximizing the long-run output growth rate. Interestingly, if poorly designed global channels exert greater influence in education, the optimal progressivity may increase. Our quantitative analysis reveals new implications for redistributive policies, including a surprisingly low optimal progressivity (approximately 6–7%) for the calibrated US economy.

From an international English language assessment framework to a teacher-based assessment: A study of primary English teachers’ agentive perspectives and projections

This study explores four primary English teachers' agentive perspectives about assessment in their school. Given the challenges brought by the abolition of International Standard School (ISS), the changed status of the school and the exclusion of English from the 2013 National Education Curriculum (NEC), a teacher-based assessment was the only solution to the unavailability of assessment guidelines and the unsuitability of assessment materials and methods. Employing teacher agency theory, this study examines the agentive sides of the teachers' perspectives as they would represent the teachers' strategic solutions toward the school's emerging problems. The teacher-based assessment was expected to accommodate the school's context, the students, and the subject taught. This instrumental case study's data was collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion, which was then analyzed through six phases of thematic analysis and by employing nVivo12 software. The study indicates that the challenges brought by the changed educational policies reinforced collaborative work amongst the teachers. The teachers' perspectives also represent their agentive projections toward English language assessment which was heavily shaped by the teachers' previous assessment experiences during ISS and their ultimate teaching objectives. The findings are expected to provide insightful knowledge about how English teachers responded to shifted educational policies and projected to accommodate the school's specific contexts of assessment. The findings are also expected to explain how people's perspectives can be examined from an agency perspective.

Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Study about Public Middle Schools in Punjab

This paper investigates gender representation in grade 6, 7 and 8 English textbooks used in public schools in Punjab. For a comprehensive analysis, both textual contents and pictures were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings show that the female character were under-represented and misrepresented. Not even a single chapter was titled after any female character. Even in the text, they were heavily outnumbered, and generally shown in stereotypical and traditional roles. Shockingly, not even a single female character was portrayed positively. They were mostly shown in a neutral way. The same pattern was observed in the pictures. In spite of the fact that national education policies and curriculum frameworks emphasize heavily on gender parity, the textbooks appear to have failed to incorporate it. This study suggests that textbooks should contain gender parity and represent women in a respectful way so that the students may pick those values and inculcate them.

Review Kurikulum Pendidikan Cara Belajar Siswa Aktif (CBSA) Tahun 1984 dalam Pendidikan Indonesia

Curriculum is an essential thing in the implementation of education. Curriculum changes over time are not without clear reasons and foundations, because these changes are driven by the desire to continuously improve, develop, and improve the quality of national education. The National Education Curriculum has undergone changes from 1947 to 2006. The change is a logical consequence of changes in the political, economic and science and technology systems, socio-cultural, in national and state societies. Curriculum 1984 carries the Skill Approachprocess. Although it prioritizes the approach of the process, but the goal factor remains important, this curriculum is also often called "Enhanced 1975 Curriculum" where students are placed in the subject of learning. One of the principles of curriculum development 1984 is the principle of deconcentration which means the division of authority in the development of the curriculum between the center and the region, the regional authority in this case mainly lies in the development of skills in accordance with the development of community culture and employment in the region.