National Customs Research Articles

“АЛПОМИШ” ДОСТОНИДА ЛЕКСИК-СЕМАНТИК ГУРУҲЛАРНИНГ ТАҲЛИЛИ МАСАЛАЛАРИ

This article discusses today’s current issues – language and culture, their mutual relations, the linguistic and cultural aspects of the repetitions in the English translation of the rare work “Alpomish”, which embodies the national customs and traditions of the Uzbek people. The ability of the translator, who is a bridge between two unrelated languages, as well as suggestions and recommendations on translation difficulties and their elimination, are given.

ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ КАРТИНЫ МИРА В ПОЭЗИИ ОЛЖАСА СУЛЕЙМЕНОВА

The article is devoted to the study of such topical issue as ethnic distinctness of works written by translingual authors in the context of the value paradigm of the national view of the world. The notion of “national view of the world” is characterized from the point of view of traditionalism and dynamism of its content. The article considers peculiarities of transculturalism and translingualism and pays special attention to the problem of bilingual and multilingual creative personality’s ethnic self-identification. The author also analyzes the notion “image of linguoculture” and studies the significance of Kazakh linguocultural images in the process of transferring the national content of life and its axiological meanings. The study is based on the material of the poetic discourse of Olzhas Suleymenov. As a result of contextual analysis of the poetic texts of the Kazakh poet, linguistic and cultural images reflecting fragments of the Kazakh national picture of the world were revealed. The article presents objectified images of the Kazakh linguistic culture in lyrical texts, which reflect national customs and traditions, images of the historical past of the Kazakh steppes, traditional images of Kazakh folklore and literature, proper names, objects of national life, cuisine, clothing, crafts of the Kazakhs. As the analysis showed, the translingual poetic creativity of the classic of modern Kazakh literature contributes to the formation of the paradigm of cultural values of the Kazakh national worldview

The European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology; Past, Present, and Future.

As per recommendations from the European Society of Radiology and the European Union of Medical Specialists, upon completion of level 3 radiology training, an objective assessment of the attained standards, aligned with national customs and practices, should take place. A subspecialty exam should ideally be an integral part of the training completion process. Among 10 of 13 European subspecialty societies currently offering a European subspecialty diploma, the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR) diploma program was formally introduced by the ESSR in 2003. This article describes the evolution of the ESSR diploma, encompassing the current diploma program, validation procedures, endorsements, and future perspectives. Additionally, insights from a brief survey among ESSR diploma holders is shared, offering valuable tips for prospective candidates aiming to navigate the examination process successfully.

Enholding The Relevance Of The Traditional Constitution In Indonesia: A Path To An Integrated National Law

<p><em>Customary constitutions in Indonesia are scattered in various regions at the village, sub-district, district, city, province, and even archipelago levels. The codification and unification of laws are increasingly undermining the existence of customary constitutions in Indonesia. The existence and position of the customary constitution are increasingly unclear in the regulatory framework in Indonesia. Maintaining the customary constitution is crucial as it can serve as a spirit and guide in the formation of national law. To remind the nation again about the spirit of being cultured and to give the nation confidence in the nation's civilization, it is necessary that the customary law be placed in an equal position with the existing and recognized statutory order in Indonesia. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a separate place for the growth and development of customary law as part of the nation's wealth and as a reference in the formation of national law so that in every formation of statutory regulations, it always reflects values. is contained in the nation's customs, especially those related to basic law, namely the customary constitution in Indonesia. This paper uses a sociological normative writing method, which will provide an overview of the position and status of the customary constitution in the Indonesian legal system. So it is hoped that through writing this journal, it can provide an understanding of how important the position of the customary constitution is in the development of law in the modern era.</em></p><p class="TableParagraph"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong></p><p><em><em>Position of the Customary Constitution, Indonesian Legal System</em><br /></em></p>

PEDAGOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR THE FORMATION OF PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BASED ON NATIONAL EDUCATION

The article "Pedagogical mechanisms for the formation of physical qualities of high school students based on national education" explores innovative approaches in the field of physical education of high school students based on the principles of national education. The authors consider the influence of national traditions, cultural values and historical context on the formation of physical qualities of adolescents. The article presents pedagogical mechanisms, including the adaptation of traditional games, exercises and sports practices corresponding to the national heritage. The role of national customs in motivating high school students to physical activity and their involvement in classes is considered. As a result, the article provides practical recommendations for teachers aimed at using national characteristics in the formation of physical qualities of high school students, with an emphasis on their cultural context.

The word order in multicomponent culinary synonyms of the Russian and Chinese languages and its influence on the perception of information about the dish

In the modern world, against the background of globalization, the tendency to carefully preserve regional and national customs is manifested in the growing interest in the culinary traditions of different peoples. Restaurants of national cuisines of different nations are becoming popular in the world; against this background, modeling of optimal ways of gastronomic nomination, which is in demand by business, is relevant. An important component of the formation of ideas about the dish is the order of presentation of information, which is reflected in the order of words. Following stereotypes developed within the framework of other languages and cultures can influence the recipient's perception of information. The object of the study is the influence of ways of presenting information about the composition and qualitative characteristics of a dish on the client's consciousness. The subject is the differences in the order in which information about the dish is presented on the menu in Russian and Chinese. Russian culinary names obtained by the method of continuous sampling from restaurant menus (1319 units), data from a questionnaire aimed at clarifying the preferences of native speakers of the Russian language when choosing a dish (142 questionnaires) are the material of the study. The analysis of the usual word order in elementary phrases that make up culinary names is based on quantitative and descriptive methods. The analysis revealed the most significant differences between the accepted order of information presentation in Russian and Chinese culinary names. The place of lexemes indicating the type of dish, culinary tradition, main ingredients, side dishes and sauces in Russian and Chinese culinary names often does not coincide. Russian, as a language with a free word order, presents a greater variety of types of information structures, while the word order is limited not only by grammatical rules, but also by various traditions of gastronomic nomination adopted in Russian and Chinese cultures. Cultural stereotypes are reflected in the order in which information is provided about cooking methods, dishes and the quality characteristics of the dish. Even in cases where calculating does not lead to errors in the Russian menu, following other people's traditions can cause misunderstanding and laughter, which must be taken into account when nominating a dish.

The Role of Customs Process in Facilitating International Trade

In fact customs are the doorkeeper of international trade. All international trade must the processed by the respective national customs and such a processing takes time. In order to facilitate trade, each party shall adopt or maintain simplified customs procedures for the efficient release of goods, instruments sufficient to cover payment of the customs duties, taxes, and fees its customs authority ultimately applies in connection with importation of the good. There is no doubt that trade facilitation activities have a positive impact for international traders when they are implemented effectively. Streamlining customs formalities for imports, exports, and transit of goods has the multiple benefits of increasing trade activity while reducing bureaucratic red tape and expensive delays for traders as well as lessening administrative costs at the border. Primarily, customs authorities facilitate international trade by overseeing the import and export of goods. They are tasked with enforcing trade regulations, assessing and collecting customs duties and taxes, and ensuring the correct classification of goods according to international nomenclature. Moreover, customs play a crucial role in maintaining security by preventing illegal trade. They implement border control measures to halt the smuggling of illicit goods, such as drugs, weapons, and counterfeit products, thereby contributing to national and international security.

Paralellism with common word and non-common word in Azerbaijani proverbs and sayings

As a result of many years of observation and testing, proverbs are a collection of words that have been shaped into a certain pattern, reflecting the causes of natural and social phenomena. Proverbs and sayings, as short, laconic means of speech, reveal the origin of events and have a reminiscent feature. In Azerbaijani language, proverbs related to then national customs and beliefs explain certain truths to the younger generations and call them to the right path. The article talks about proverbs as complex syntactic whole, parallelisms with common words and non-common words in Azerbaijani proverbs. Parallel conjunctions play an important role in proverbs and sayings. Although these valuable sayings are short and concise, consisting of several sentence members, the syntactic constructions in them can be attributed to different types of syntactic parallels. These parallels are of great importance in the formation of proverbs by connecting the components of the text with each other.

Audience of traditional art in Kazakh steppe

This article considers the evolution of the stage art audience formation in the traditional society of the Kazakh steppe civilization, linking it to the ancient historical, cultural, and ritual processes of our people, as well as to the very origin of the earliest form of stage art. We regard the future improvement of the artistic culture of today's spectator on the assumption that cultural and spiritual continuity between different generations of spectators of the Kazakh steppe will not be broken. Consequently, it becomes obvious that this position is a trend characteristic of the world history of art. For example, folk art activities in other countries are based on the traditional entertainment of the gathered audience. In general, the origin of art is closely intertwined with folk art. They are inextricably related and cannot develop without each other. This phenomenon is confirmed by numerous facts from the history of world theater. There is every reason to come to a scientific conclusion that this position is applicable to the formation of artistic public. We can say that various kinds of entertaining folk games and festive performances, originating in real scenes of nomadic life of the Kazakh people, developed on the basis of national customs and were the initial stage of formation of spectators and listeners of arts and crafts of the traditional Kazakh civilization. Examining the rich cultural history of the steppe, we believe that the study of the audience of the performing arts in the traditional Kazakh society is of great scientific theoretical and practical importance. This issue is still in the category of topics not considered in the framework of scientific research of the national culture philosophy. It is known from history that centuries-old cultural heritage of the steppe region and Kazakh people has a diverse and rich content, along with its own unique style. It is culture that plays a huge role in the vitality of any nation. If we consider the identification of a nation through the prism of its contribution to the development of mankind, then national art is just that distinctive feature that helps defining the nation. Thus, the spiritual contribution of the Kazakh people to world culture is determined, first of all, by its national art.

PSYCHOLOGY OF SOCIAL BARRIERS IN THE EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN CONSIDERATION OF THE VALUE OF FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

The psychological and pedagogical foundations of educating modern preschoolers on the values of family relationships organized in national traditions, customs and moral culture are analyzed. In psychology, attempts have been made to prove that these factors, theoretical data for the formation of a child’s personality, do not coincide with the experimental conditions. It is characterized by the fact that the education of preschool children on the basis of national customs and traditions does not bear fruit, and they themselves live in a newly emancipated culture and live by the traditions of their ancestors. The family does not coincide with tradition, as a result, the value of parent-child interaction is lost, and tradition is presented as rules, traditions, and family culture as another vector of education. Therefore, parents, teachers and educators who are careful to instill in children the value of traditional and customary relationships are encouraged to skillfully navigate the barriers between two cultures.

Research on Address Terms in Downton Abbey from the Perspective of Leech’s Politeness Principle

Downton Abbey as the representative of British classic historic TV drama has been widely acclaimed since its first episode, which arouses a frenzy of interest in British culture in Edwardian. One of the important reasons for its popularity is that the linguistic style of the script is consistent with the rigid English social hierarchy. It precisely describes the elegant manner and strict etiquette of British society as well as their modest and humorous behaviors. Address in the script as an linguistic symbol can reflect the national customs, history, traditions and politics well. The address forms are rich and accurate in this drama, which is suitable for this study. Therefore, this thesis chooses the addresses from all six seasons as a corpus and divides them into two categories: social address and kinship address. Besides, Leech’s Politeness Principle is also used to analyze the social meaning and affective meaning that the addresses express in Downton Abbey, which is helpful in learning the use of address forms and promoting successful exchanges with different classes of English people. This thesis adopts exemplification and qualitative analysis method to make a detailed analysis of address terms. At the same time, through the combining method of static description and dynamic description, this thesis explores social culture and emotional expressions behind the linguistic characters. This study aims to enrich the address corpus and provide some references for intercultural communication to help English teaching and learning.

A Comparative Study of Aesthetic Differences between Guangxi Folk Dance and ASEAN Dance

Abstract Clarifying the aesthetic differences between Guangxi folk dance and ASEAN dance can promote the in-depth exchange of dance art and culture between the two. In this paper, the aesthetic characteristics of Guangxi folk dance and ASEAN dance are discussed, and the HRNet network is used as the basis, combined with the sequence multi-scale feature fusion and the PCA action gesture segmentation model for the action gesture estimation. The dataset was constructed according to different kinds of Guangxi folk dance and ASEAN dance, and the aesthetic differences between Guangxi folk dance and ASEAN dance in terms of intrinsic culture and extrinsic performance were analyzed using the dataset. The results show that on the inner culture, Guangxi folk dance is mainly based on traditional culture and folk customs. ASEAN dance is more influenced by religious culture, although it has differences, but the correlation coefficients of emotional expression and national custom are 0.963 and 0.954, respectively. On the outer manifestation, Guangxi folk dance has as many as 11 kinds of action dance forms, while ASEAN dance emphasizes more on The ASEAN dance emphasizes more on the “flat, taut, straight and standing” forms. The aesthetic differences between Guangxi folk dance and ASEAN dance can promote the exchange and integration of dance art and culture between the two and provide a good artistic foundation for the in-depth promotion of the Belt and Road.

Чувашские пословицы и поговорки – этнопедагогическое средство приобщения к традиционным семейным ценностям

In modern society, the family is an important component of universal culture that preserves traditional national values. In the conditions of ongoing social changes leading to the growth of national self-consciousness, return to the roots, destruction of stereotypes, change of attitude to family values, it is necessary to preserve the understanding of the family as a traditional social institution. In this regard, the study of proverbs and sayings reflecting universal and national family values is of great importance. The aim of the study is to identify and substantiate family values in the upbringing of the younger generation in modern Chuvash families. The article considers traditional family values as the foundation of a strong and friendly family. The analysis of Chuvash proverbs and sayings about family life and family relations in the article shows that the Chuvash people place family values highly, brought up on national cultures and traditions. Our practical research shows that children's attachment to their parents is increasingly weakening. The lack of understanding of their children's behavior is explained by the following reasons: 1) parents' lack of fundamental pedagogical knowledge and skills; 2) parents' neglecting the basics of Chuvash family upbringing based on spiritual and moral values in the upbringing of their children. The author argues that the study of the basics of ethnic pedagogy will give positive results in the upbringing of children. The article used both general theoretical methods, including both the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the topic under consideration, including encyclopedic and reference literature, folklore works, and empirical methods, including pedagogical observation, the use of questionnaires and surveys, and generalisation of ethnopedagogical experience. The experimental work was carried out to determine the moral potential of traditional family values in the Chuvash family. The author comes to the conclusion that Chuvash families have preserved national customs and traditions that they inherited from their ancestors in order to pass on to the next generations as a common reference point in their family life.

The Question of Raising Young People in The Spirit of Craftsmanship

It is known that in our country, the classical professions, including crafts, have long been progressive, creating various exquisite items, making hanging equipment in our daily lives, through which it has been elevated to the level of high value to give people a taste for their work. Today, the routes of goods and goods (works, services) produced by artisans in Uzbekistan reached from 25 to 34. They are currently producing products for the domestic and foreign market. These products are also very significant in their quality, artistic exaltation, naturalness and harmonization of our national identity, national customs, historical traditions.

The Discontinuity and Reconstruction of the Concept of Cholera in Modern Times – Based on An Epitome of the Reports of the Medical Officers to the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, from 1871 to 1882

Abstract In 19th century, the concept of “cholera”, which had been connected with Chinese cosmology for thousands of years, was firstly accepted by modern science through a process of conceptual discontinuity and reconstruction. As the result of adding new scientific knowledge to the old traditional connotations, the “collective” and “inevitable” nature of Cholera, once synonymous with “epidemic”, developed new characteristics and was thus accepted within the structure and parlance of modern science. This transformation is the reason why the new “Cholera” gradually separated itself from the traditional cosmology and eventually constructed a connection with modern science. The turning point which distinguished the traditional approach to the scientific one can be traced back to the imperialist modernity in 19th century. This “birth” of medical science not only changed China, but also the countries that shared the same medical philosophy, spatial orientation, national customs, and group culture through the pre-modern Chinese cultural circle. In view of the above premises, this article takes the work An Epitome of the Reports of the Medical Officers to the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, from 1871 to 1882 as basic research material and Japan as an example, to explore the conceptual discontinuity and reconstruction of the concept of “Cholera” in the middle of 19th century.

Actions Applied by the Mexican Government to Boost Foreign Trade During the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic

ABSTRACT This research aims to analyze the different intervention strategies applied by the Mexican state in international trade during the pandemic to generate policy proposals that strengthen export and import activities in the post-pandemic transition. The methodology used was analytical and descriptive. The results show that the new National Customs Agency of Mexico and the designation of the armed forces in customs control have generated a better collection of taxes on foreign trade and an increase in exports of 2.1% in 2022 compared to 2021. These have allowed for the repositioning of the state’s role in international trade.

The European Commission’s Proposal for a Modernised Union Customs Code: A Brief Introduction

The European Union (EU) Customs Union has existed since 1968, but to this day it is not fully harmonised. Although customs law is Union law, there are 27 different national customs administrations, resulting in the customs legislation not being uniformly applied. To remedy this, the European Commission has proposed a comprehensive customs reform, the Modernised Union Customs Code (MUCC), a draft of which was presented by the Commission on 17 May 2023 (COM (2023)258 final). The following innovations are worth highlighting: • establishing the new European Customs Authority to pool expertise and competence and support national customs authorities • establishing a Union-wide Customs Data Hub to ensure the monitoring of the movement of goods, including the supply chain, on the one hand, but at the same time allowing for the simplification of procedures • an independent legal regime for e-commerce: platform operators in e-commerce will become importers and customs debtors (‘deemed importers’) in the future. This is intended to reduce compliance costs and at the same time improve Union-wide risk analysis • the new ‘Trust and Check Trader (TCT)’ (which will be alongside the Authorized Economic Operator [AEO] until the TCT permanently replaces it), will communicate electronically via the Customs Data Hub with Union-wide effect. TCTs can benefit from further facilitations, such as performing certain controls themselves. In return, complete electronic monitoring of the TCT’s supply chain must be always ensured through real time access to the company’s internal data. The reform should be implemented within the next 10–15 years. The reform is to be welcomed. However, there are still pitfalls hidden in the details. The standardisation of IT systems is necessary for Union-wide centralised customs clearance. Better risk analysis can be performed on a Union-wide data platform, both to protect the EU’s financial interests and to enforce import and export restrictions to protect the Union and its citizens. An EU customs authority can reduce divergent administrative practices across member states through governance and support. The further development of the AEO, the TCT, can establish better cooperation between administration and business, and the ability of companies to perform certain controls and release the goods themselves can speed up customs procedures. Harmonised sanctions for misconduct by economic operators will lead to a level playing field. Much will depend on the concretising legal acts that are now being drafted and discussed.

Customs binding information decisions according to the law of Canada: peculiarities and lessons for European countries

The purpose of this research is to determine the peculiarities of the legal framework for scope of subject matter and rules for issuing, modification or revocation of customs advance rulings (customs binding information decisions) from the point of view of prospects of their implementation by European countries to further improve the effectiveness of this mean of customs administration within their jurisdictions. The methodological basis of the study comprises of comparative review methods as well as systematic review methods and standard techniques of text analysis with their due adjustment to legislative material. Results: the author studied Canadian legislation making provision for the scope of matters for national customs ruling (customs binding information decisions), the grounds and legal consequences of their modification and revocation or cancellation, including their ultra-active use through postponement of the effective date of the modification or revocation, as well as the procedure for publishing of national customs rulings for ensuring the uniformity of the conclusions of customs authorities expressed in them. The particular attention is attached to those rules and regulations that could serve as a comparative legal basis for the improvement of parts of customs legislation of European countries, which concern customs binding information decisions. Conclusions: in light of the purpose of this research of particular interest are the Canadian legislative solutions concerning: 1) establishing the need for the applicant to indicate in his application for the issuance of a national customs ruling, whether to the best of their knowledge the respective issue was the subject of another/separate request for a national customs ruling, administrative or judicial appeal, which are as grounds for suspending (postponing) consideration of the request for the issuance of a national customs ruling; 2) the grounds for the occurrence of retrospective legal consequences of the modification or revocation of a national customs ruling in relation to goods imported into the customs territory before its modification or revocation; 3) determination for the purposes of ultra-active use (postponement of the effective date of the modification or revocation) of the national customs ruling, which exactly is considered to be the evidence of reliance on the national customs ruling in good faith; 4) formation of a publicly available online repository of national customs rulings to promote the uniformity and transparency of customs administration, as well as the introduction of information and telecommunication tools for submission of requests for national customs rulings, their further implementation, as well as for notification of interested parties regarding changes in their status and other issues, relating to the circulation of national customs rulings.

Identity (Re) construction of International Students When Learning English

This qualitative study aims to investigate how English language acquisition and identity building relate from the viewpoint of English language learners. Data for this study was gathered via interviews with international students majoring in English education using narrative studies. Participant’s use of concepts as varied as personal and social traits, ethnic origin, geographic location, religious affiliation, national customs and rituals, and national values, among others, to define the notion of identity was observed. The respondent also thinks that his experience of displacement has a significant impact on how his identity is rebuilt. From the interview, the subjects interviewed considered the impacts above to have positive and negative impacts on international students.

FORMATION STAGES OF FESTIVE RITUAL ACTION IN THE CULTURAL LIFE OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article reviews the basic formation stages of festive ritual action in the cultural life of Kazakhstan. Generations to generations of Kazakh have always revered and highly valued their national customs and traditions. It is difficult to describe all the traditions and customs followed by Kazakh people in one scientific work, thus a brief introduction to stages of festive ritual actions, beliefs and customs are dealt with in this article. One of the main traditions of the Kazakhs, which has now become a feature of the national character, is hospitality. Hospitality, in Kazakh society, is considered the main duty - to receive guests from the bottom of the heart. The guest is the most important and most desired person in Kazakh society. It is customary to feed him the most delicious food and do everything to make him feel safe and comfortable. The primary aim of the research is to identify the cultural value of transformed traditions by reviewing the historical background of festive ritual actions. However, the national identities that served as a basis for the occurrence of generalized rules and principles of public relations (tradition), fortunately, are confined not only to representatives of the Kazakh people. Therefore, the basic stages of festive ritual actions formation and widespread authentic customs, and traditions of nomads in the Kazakh steppe are widely studied by authors.