Nasi Research Articles

Development of Reading Skills for Thai Grade 1 Students Through Smart Training Application Innovation

This research aimed to create a smart training application innovation to develop Thai language reading skills for Thai grade 1 students, targeting an efficiency standard of 80/80. The study compared the reading abilities of Thai grade 1 students before and after using the application. These students were from the Network School of the Teacher Professional Experience Center, Faculty of Education, Loei Rajabhat University. Specifically, 13 students from Ban Na Si School were selected using purposive random sampling for the first semester of the academic year 2023. This school was intentionally selected due to its eagerness to implement this innovative approach. The study utilized two versions of the smart training application: one focused on words without tone marks and the other on consonant blend words. Four lesson plans were designed (two for each version), and a 20-question reading achievement test was administered. Through the E1/E2 value calculation and a t-test, it was deduced that the application surpassed the 80/80 efficiency standard, scoring 81.15/86.15. Furthermore, students exhibited a significant improvement in their reading skills after using the application, as evidenced by a higher post-study performance at a 0.05 significance level.

The influence of Al2O3 concentration on the NaYF4 crystallization in oxyfluoride glass–ceramics

AbstractThe influence of Al2O3 addition on the precipitation of NaYF4 crystals in oxyfluoride glasses has been investigated through the thermal, structural, and optical characterization of the parent glasses and corresponding glass–ceramics (GCs). The high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the GC with 5 mol% of Al2O3 shows the presence of phase‐separated droplets about 69 nm in size containing several NaYF4 nanocrystals with the diameter of about 10–15 nm. Raman and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS‐NMR) spectroscopy were used to examine the structural changes attributed to the addition of Al2O3. The 19F MAS‐NMR analysis indicated that fluorine atoms are present in different chemical environments (Na–F, Na–Si–F, Na–Al–F, and NaYF4). The increasing amount of Al2O3 reduces the crystallization of NaYF4 phase due to the increased fraction of fluorine bound in Na–Al–F environments. The visible luminescence investigation of the glasses and GCs demonstrated that the intensity of Er3+ ions emission transitions in the GCs was higher than that of the parent glass. This difference was attributed to the presence of Er3+ ions bound in NaYF4 crystalline phase. Further evidence that the Er3+ ions were present in NaYF4 phase was provided by the fact that the excited level Er3+:4S3/2 lifetime was increased in GCs as compared to parent glass.

Effects of silicon nanoparticles and conventional Si amendments on growth and nutrient accumulation by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in saline-sodic soil

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses in arid and semiarid climates which threatens the food security of the world. Present study had been designed to assess the efficacy of different abiogenic sources of silicon (Si) to mitigate the salinity stress on maize crop grown on salt-affected soil. Abiogenic sources of Si including silicic acid (SA), sodium silicate (Na–Si), potassium silicate (K–Si), and nanoparticles of silicon (NPs-Si) were applied in saline-sodic soil. Two consecutive maize crops with different seasons were harvested to evaluate the growth response of maize under salinity stress. Post-harvest soil analysis showed a significant decrease in soil electrical conductivity of soil paste extract (ECe) (−23.0%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) (−47.7%) and pH of soil saturated paste (pHs) (−9.5%) by comparing with salt-affected control. Results revealed that the maximum root dry weight was recorded in maize1 by the application of NPs-Si (149.3%) and maize2 (88.6%) over control. The maximum shoot dry weight was observed by the application of NPs-Si in maize1 (42.0%) and maize2 (7.4%) by comparing with control treatment. The physiological parameters like chlorophyll contents (52.5%), photosynthetic rate (84.6%), transpiration (100.2%), stomatal conductance (50.5%), and internal CO2 concentration (61.6%) were increased by NPs-Si in the maize1 crop when compared with the control treatment. The application of an abiogenic source (NPs-Si) of Si significantly increased the concentration of phosphorus (P) in roots (223.4%), shoots (22.3%), and cobs (130.3%) of the first maize crop. The current study concluded that the application of NPs-Si and K–Si improved the plant growth by increasing the availability of nutrients like P and potassium (K), physiological attributes, and by reducing the salts stress and cationic ratios in maize after maize crop rotation..

The Region in Motion in the Road Movie Patay na Si Hesus (2016)

The Region in Motion in the Road Movie Patay na Si Hesus (2016)

Effect of Na–Sn Flux on the Growth of Type I Na8Si46 Clathrate Crystals

In the crystal growth of Na–Si clathrate (type I, Na8Si46) during Na evaporation from a Na–Si–Sn solution at 723 K, the composition of a Na–Sn flux in the starting material strongly influences the morphology and size of the formed clathrate crystals. In this study, the crystals obtained using this flux were larger than the crystals prepared without a flux, and some of them had faceted surfaces. At the Na4Si4 (precursor):4Na–Sn (flux) = 1:4 ratio, multiple dents were observed on crystal surfaces, indicating that the precipitation of a Na9Sn4 solid phase prevented the growth of Na–Si clathrate crystals. In addition, synthesis conditions, under which type I crystals could be obtained by conventional thermal decomposition in vacuum, were established. The results of this work suggest that type I Na–Si clathrate crystals are stable even at temperatures as high as 723 K due to the suppressed evaporation of Na.

Oxygen Carrier and Alkali Interaction in Chemical Looping Combustion: Case Study Using a Braunite Mn Ore and Charcoal Impregnated with K2CO3 or Na2CO3

Alkali is a problematic component in biomass and may create various operation issues in normal combustion as well as chemical looping combustion using biomass fuels (bio-CLC). To investigate the interaction of alkali with an oxygen carrier, a methodology has been developed where alkali salts are added with impregnated charcoal particles. This work studies the effect of K2CO3 and Na2CO3 on the fluidization/agglomeration behavior and reactivity as well as the interaction of a braunite manganese ore oxygen carrier with K and Na in a batch fluidized bed reactor. Charcoal impregnated with K2CO3 (K-charcoal) and charcoal impregnated with Na2CO3 (Na-charcoal) were used as solid fuels in the reduction step of the simulated CLC cycles. CH4 and syngas (50% CO + 50% H2) were periodically used to evaluate the reactivity of braunite before and after solid fuel experiments. In total, more than 50 cycles were performed for both K-charcoal series and Na-charcoal series tests, while some additional cycles with non-impregnated charcoal were conducted and considered as a reference. Partial agglomeration and partial defluidization were found after cycles with K-charcoal and Na-charcoal, and the use of K-charcoal tends to lead to the partial agglomeration/defluidization faster than the use of Na-charcoal. K, Na, Si, and Ca were found at a higher concentration on the surface of the agglomerated particles and can be assumed to be responsible for the partial agglomeration. The partial agglomeration with K-charcoal happened likely as a result of surface melting of the braunite particles, whereas the formation of the low-melting-point Na–Si–Ca system could be responsible for agglomeration in the Na-charcoal experiments. The concentration of K and Na in the braunite bed was found to increase during cycles with the alkali charcoals. In total, the added masses of K and Na were 0.8 and 1.2% of the bed, and around 40 and 80% of added K and Na were found, respectively, in the used oxygen carrier particles. Although partial agglomeration and accumulation were observed in the presence of these alkalis, the reactivity of used braunite was scarcely changed in comparison to the fresh sample.

Viscosity of Na–Si–O–N–F Melts: Mixing Effect of Oxygen, Nitrogen and Fluorine

Viscosity of Na–Si–O–N–F Melts: Mixing Effect of Oxygen, Nitrogen and Fluorine

Viscosity of Na–Si–O–N–F Melts: Mixing Effect of Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Fluorine

Viscosity of Na–Si–O–N–F Melts: Mixing Effect of Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Fluorine

The use of free helical rim flaps for the reconstruction of the ala nasi and lower eyelid

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to present our experience using free flaps harvested from the helix in the reconstruction of the nose and lower eyelid. Materials and Methods: Between 2016 and 2019, 5 male and 2 female patients treated surgically with free helical flaps were included in the study. All defects had occurred due to tumor excision. Results: A total of two lower eyelid defects and five ala nasi defects were reconstructed using free helical rim flaps. Seven helical flaps based on the superficial temporal vessels were obtained and used for reconstruction. No recurrence was detected in any of the patients within the followup period. The only remarkable complication reported was dehiscence development, which was attributed to partial venous congestion in one patient. Free helical rim flaps are similar to the ala nasi and lower eyelids in terms of concave shape, tissue, and color. Conclusion: The results have shown that free helical rim flaps are a suitable option for use in the repair of appropriately sized fullthickness defects of the ala nasi and lower eyelid.

Application of internal fixation technique with absorbable material for rhinoplasty to correct secondary nose deformity of unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate

Objective It is crucial to restore and fix the position of nasal septum which elaborates supportive function in rhinoplasty for secondary nose deformity of cleft lip and palate patients. The aim of this study was to explore the fixation technique with absorbable material in rhinoplasty for correction cleft lip nose deformity. Methods Nineteen cases with unilateral cleft lip /with or without palate cleft were included in this study. Absorbable screw was used to fix the implanted and re-positioned grafted cartilage septum which was shaped into strip with anterior nasal spine. Results Full success was achieved for all of 19 cases with internal fixation technique to re-position nasal septum to correct nasal deformity. There was no complications occurred. Conclusions Internal fixation technique with absorbable material could be used to correct secondary nasal deformity in cleft lip and palate patients and fixed re-positioned grafted cartilage septum can apply a strong support to ala nasi cartilage in cleft site. Key words: Cleft lip; Internal fixation; Nose; Deformity; Absorbable screw

Ecologia das Relações Espaciais: as Preposições do Crioulo Guineense

O objetivo principal deste ensaio é analisar as preposições do crioulo português da Guiné-Bissau e de Casamansa (sul do Senegal), mostrando que, como já dizia Bernard Pottier desde pelo menos a década de sessenta do século passado, as preposições são originariamente espaciais. As relações temporais são derivadas das espaciais e as nocionais (abstratas) são derivadas de ambas. O modelo teórico utilizado para essa análise é o da jovem disciplina Ecolinguística, mais especificamente, sua versão chamada Linguística Ecossistêmica, que é a que praticamos no Brasil. Essa versão da Ecolinguística dispõe do modelo da ecologia das relações espaciais, de que as preposições espaciais são exemplos prototípicos. Partindo desse modelo, é possível explicar inclusive alguns usos de preposições que para nós ocidentais parecem estranhos, como a lebrei sai na si koba (o coelho saiu de sua toca). Explica também porque na (em) é a preposição prototípica, mas a mais frequente é di (de).

Prevalence of normal anatomical variations in the region of paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Background: Knowledge of the anatomical relationships and the anatomical variations in paranasal sinus region is critical for surgeons performing endoscopic sinus surgery. It helps surgeons to avoid the potential complications of sinus surgery and to improve success of management strategies. Objective: The objective of this study was to show how prevalent are the anatomic variations in the region of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to July 2018 at Al-Hilla general teaching hospital. We collected data of 75 patients (who have met the clinical criteria of chronic rhinosinusitis) subjected to computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses. CT was performed using SIEMENS SOMATOM Definition AS and Philips machines. Direct coronal scans (1 mm in thickness) were made, from the anterior wall of the frontal sinus to the posterior wall of the sphenoid sinus with axial and sagittal reconstruction images. Results: Anatomical variations found in 69 patients of a total 75 patients with age range from 18 to 60 years with 92%. Among these, nasal septal deviation was the most common (seen in 54/75 patients = 72%) followed by the Agger nasi cells in 52 patients (69%), concha bullosa in 31 patients (41.3%), Haller cells in 28 patients (37%), and Onodi cells in 18 patients (24%). Conclusion: Sinonasal anatomical variations are common findings in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Providing information on these anatomical variations will improve the success of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Crystal Growth Conditions of Types I and II Na–Si Clathrates by Evaporation of Na from a Na–Si–Sn Solution

Single crystals of the type I clathrate Na8Si46 were synthesized by the evaporation of Na from a Na–Si–Sn solution (Na:Si:Sn = 6:2:1 molar ratio) at 723–873 K under an Ar atmosphere of 105 Pa. In the mixture of type I and type II clathrates prepared by heating at 773 K for 72 h, type I single crystals with sizes of up to 5 mm were found. A single phase of single crystals of the Na24Si136 type-II clathrate having a {111} crystal facet of about 2 mm on one side was obtained by heating at 873 K for 9 h.

Association of Deviated Nasal Septum and Sinusitis: A Radiological Study

Introduction:Deviation of nasal septum (DNS) is the most common anatomical variant in sinonasal region. It is usually asymptomatic, but it sometimes can cause different sinonasal symptoms. The severity of the symptoms is related to associate abnormalities like agger nasi cells, onodi cells, haller cells, concha bullosa and inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Methods:Patients were retrospectively selected by a computer-assisted search of all the reports of CT scans performed with a clinical symptom referable to the sinonasal region, headache, nasal obstruction, recurrent sinusitis, chronic sinusitis, acute sinusitis, allergic sinusitis in S, Nijalinagppa Medical College and Hanagal Shri Kumareshwar Hospital & Research Centre between December 1, 2016 and November 30, 2017 to detect the presence of deviated nasal septum. A total of 524 CT studies were identified. Of these cases, studies with malignancy, motion artifacts, Traumatic fractures, polyps, post-op status were excluded. The study design did not involve any patient contact hence no approval by the local ethics committee was required. Results:The sinusitis was identified in 54 patients (10.4%). The age range was 8 to 75 years with a mean age of 33.5 years. Majority of the patients in our study belonged to 21 to 30 year age group (n=21). 36 were males, 18 were females. Midline nasal septum was seen in 31 patients, among them 14 had sinusitis and 17 showed clear sinuses. Right sided septal deviation was seen in 12 patients. Among them 11 had sinusitis and one patient showed clear sinuses. Left sided septal deviation was noted in 9 cases. Among them 6 had sinusitis and 3 showed no signs of sinusitis. S shaped septum was seen in 2 patients. Septal deviation with spur was seen in 3 patients. Sinusitis was seen in 14 patients with midline septum (45.1%). In 17 patients with midline septum there was no sinusitis (54.9%). Right sided septal deviation with associated sinusitis was seen in 11 of the total 12 cases. There was statistically significant association of septal deviation and sinusitis in our study. Conclusion:The association of midline nasal septum with sinusitis is seen in 44.1% of the cases in our study. The association of deviated nasal septum with sinusitis is seen in 81% of the cases in our study. There was statistically significant association of septal deviation with sinusitis (p value <0.05) in our study.

CT evaluation of congenital anatomical variations in paranasal sinuses

Introduction: A good knowledge of the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses is essential for the clinician to understand sinonasal diseases. Conventional radiology does not permit a detailed study of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, and has now largely been replaced by computerized tomographic (CT) imaging. Currently, CT scanning is the standard imaging in the evaluation of the paranasal sinuses. Objective : To evaluate the congenital anatomical variations of paranasal sinus by CT scan. Materials and Methods: Over a period of 18months, 80 patients referred for CT scan of PNS region to Al-Ameen medical college hospital were evaluated for the presence of normal variants of the paranasal region. Unenhanced CT of the PNS was performed for these patients in the coronal plane, complemented by axial views in selected cases. Results: Deviated nasal septum was the most common variation in 72(90%) followed by concha bullosa in 31 (38.75%) patients. Other variations found were curved uncinate process in 16 (20%), hypoplastic frontal sinus in 14 (17.5%), overpneumatized ethmoidal bulla or giant bulla 13 (16.25%), Paradoxical middle turbinate in 12 (15%), prominent Agger Nasi cells in 11 (13.75%), superior concha bullosa in 07 (8.75%), ariated cristagali in 07(8.75%), haller cells in 05 (6.25%), onodi cells in 03 (3.75%), and pneumatization of uncinate process in 03 (3.75%) patients. Conclusion : The presence of anatomical variants does not indicate a predisposition to sinus pathology but these variations may predispose patients to increased risk of intraoperative complications. The radiologist must pay close attention to anatomical variants in the preoperative evaluation and provide a road map to the surgeon and help avoid possible complications and improve success of management strategies.

ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Na2HfSi2O7 by Rietveld Refinement.

AbstractIn view of the problematic laboratory work with radioactive actinides, Hf is used as a U replacer to investigate the reaction with Na—Si—O glasses at high temperatures.

Zintl Phases K4–xNaxSi4 (1 ≤ x ≤ 2.2) and K7NaSi8: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopic Investigations

The Zintl phases K4–xNaxSi4 (1 ≤ x ≤ 2.2) and K7NaSi8 are the first representatives of the K–Na–Si system, and both contain tetrahedral [Si4]4– clusters and a charge‐balancing number of K+ and Na+ cations. All phases of K4–xNaxSi4 (1 ≤ x ≤ 2.2) crystallize in a new structure type with space group P21/n, as determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of the parent phase K3NaSi4. Rietveld refinement of the X‐ray diffraction data showed that the solid solutions follow Vegard's rule. K7NaSi8 can only be synthesized by diffusion‐controlled reaction of binary precursors and is isostructural with known A7A′T8 (A = Na–Cs; A′ = Li, Na; T = Si, Ge) phases. A combination of solid‐state NMR investigations and quantum mechanical calculations served to show the anisotropic chemical bonding behavior of all the atoms in K7NaSi8, which is additionally compared with the related phases A7NaSi8 (A = Rb, Cs).

Single crystal growth of type I Na–Si clathrate by using Na–Sn flux

Single crystals of type I Na–Si clathrate, Na8Si46, were synthesized by heating Na, Na4Si4, and Na15Sn4 at 723K under an Ar gas pressure of 104Pa for 12h. The single crystals having {110} habit planes grew up to 1.5mm in size due to Na evaporation from a Na–Si–Sn melt with a starting compositional molar ratio of Na/Si/Sn=5.75:2:1.

Preparation and antibacterial performance of silver-loaded porous glass

In this paper, porous glass was prepared by phase-separated method and silver-loaded porous glass (SPG) was prepared by ion-exchange method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured to characterise the antibacterial property of SPG. Porous glass with average pore diameter of 13 nm was obtained by acid etaching the Na–Si–B phase away. Then, silver ions were loaded in these pores by ion exchange. Impacts of the ion-exchange factors, such as silver nitrate solution concentration, pH value and bathing temperature, on the absorptivity of silver ions and silver-loaded amount were explored in this article. Silver-loaded amount of SPG determined its antibacterial property, namely that MIC decreased with the increase of silver-loaded amount.

Phase boundary between Na–Si clathrates of structures I and II at high pressures and high temperatures

Understanding the covalent clathrate formation is a crucial point for the design of new superhard materials with intrinsic coupling of superhardness and metallic conductivity. Silicon clathrates have the archetype structures that can serve an existant model compounds for superhard clathrate frameworks "Si-B", "Si-C", "B-C" and "C" with intercalated atoms (e.g. alkali metals or even halogenes) that can assure the metalic properties. Here we report the in situ and ex situ studies of high-pressure formation and stability of clathrates Na8Si46 (structure I) and Na24+xSi136 (structure II). Experiments have been performed using standard Paris-Edinburgh cells (opposite anvils) up to 6 GPa and 1500 K. We have established that chemical interactions in Na-Si system and transition between two structures of clathrates occur at temperatures below silicon melting. The strong sensitivity of crystallization products to the sodium concentration have been observed. A tentative diagram of clathrate transformations has been proposed. At least up to ~6 GPa, Na24+xSi136 (structure II) is stable at lower temperatures as compared to Na8Si46 (structure I).