Objective: To describe and compare imaging findings of 3D magnetic resonance imaging (3D MRI) and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in children with sensorineural hearing loss. Materials and methods: Sixty-two children (mean age, 8.1±5.47 years) with clinical signs of sensorineural hearing loss underwent 3D MRI and HRCT of the inner ear and cerebellopontine angle. MRI was performed by three-dimensional (3D) T2-weighted fast spin-echo (slice thickness 0.7 mm) and 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo sequences (slice thickness 1.0 mm) before and after the application of gadopentate dimeglumine. HRCT was performed in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.0 mm using a high-resolution bone window-level setting. The inner ear, internal auditory canal, and cerebellopontine angle were evaluated for abnormal morphology and signal intensities by two blinded groups of observers. Pearson correlation and κ statistics were calculated. Results: Forty-one patients (66%) showed no abnormalities on HRCT and 39 (63%) showed no abnormalities on MRI. Twenty-one patients (34%) showed abnormalities of the inner ear, and/or the internal auditory canal, and/or the cerebellopontine angle on both HRCT and 3D MRI. Congenital abnormalities were found in 17 of these patients (27%), and acquired abnormalities, such as chronic inflammatory changes, were evident in four patients (6%). On 3D MRI, two patients demonstrated signs of acute inflammation that were not depicted on HRCT. Three patients (5%) with a narrow internal auditory canal on HRCT showed absence of the cochlear nerve on 3D MRI. There was an overall good agreement between MRI and HRCT findings as demonstrated by correlation coefficients ranging from 0.67 to 1 and κ values between 0.62 and 1. Conclusion: In addition to HRCT, 3D MRI proved very useful and, thus, should play a major role in the evaluation of children with sensorineural hearing-loss.