Application Of Nanotechnology Research Articles

Nanotechnology: The Future for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Intervention in Cardiovascular Diseases is Here.

With advances in technology and medicine over the last 3 decades, cardiovascular medicine has evolved tremendously. Nanotechnology provides a promising future in personalized precision medicine. In this review, we delve into the current and prospective applications of nanotechnology and nanoparticles in cardiology. Nanotechnology has allowed for point-of-care testing such as high-sensitivity troponins, as well as more precise cardiac imaging. This review is focused on 3 diseases within cardiology: coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular heart disease. The use of nanoparticles in coronary stents has shown success in preventing in-stent thrombosis, as well as using nanosized drug delivery medications to prevent neointimal proliferation in a way that spares systemic toxicity. In addition, by using nanoparticles as drug delivery systems, nanotechnology can be utilized in the delivery of goal-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients. It has also been shown to improve cell therapy in this patient population by helping in cell retention of grafts. Finally, the use of nanoparticles in the manufacturing of bioprosthetic valves provides a promising future for the longevity and success of cardiac valve repair and replacement.

Fusion Growth and Extraordinary Distortion of Ultrasmall Metal Oxide Nanoparticles.

Ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles (<5 nm) potentially have new properties, different from conventional nanoparticles. The precise size control of ultrasmall nanoparticles remains difficult for metal oxide. In this study, the size of CeO2 nanoparticles was precisely controlled (1.3-9.4 nm) using a continuous-flow hydrothermal reactor, and the atomic distortion that occurs in ultrasmall metal oxides was explored for CeO2. The crystalline nanoparticles grow rapidly like droplets via coalescence, although they reach a critical particle size (∼3 to 4 nm), beyond which they grow slowly and change shape through ripening. In the initial growth stage, the ultrasmall nanoparticles exhibit disordered atomic configurations, including stacking faults. In ultrasmall CeO2 nanoparticles (<3 to 4 nm), unusual electron localization occurs on Ce 4f orbitals (Ce3+) as a result of O disordering, regardless of O vacancy concentration. This behavior differs from ordinary electron localization caused by the presence of O vacancies. The ultrasmall metal oxides have extraordinary distortion states, making them promising for use in nanotechnology applications. Furthermore, the proposed synthesis method can be applied to various other metal oxides and allows exploration of their properties.

Banana Plant Waste Rotary Dryer Design and Simulation Using 3D Computer Aided Design

This research determines the optimal rotary dryer design for banana waste drying with Biot number. When banana waste is adequately dried, it can be repurposed into valuable resources. Based on the proposed banana plant waste rotary dryer, drying efficiency is significantly improved compared to conventional dryers as attributed to design calculations and simulation. Here, the design process involves the three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design of individual parts, subassemblies, and main assembly, accompanied by detailed illustration drawings, and optimization of rotary dryer flight design. Biot number is crucial in the design calculations of the diameter and length of the dryer. The Design of Experiments (DoE) and computational fluid dynamics simulations are also used. Proper drying, facilitated by the proposed rotary dryer, enables efficient repurposing of banana waste into animal feed, biofuel, bioplastics, and other nanotechnology applications, contributing to sustainable waste management practices and a promising solution to environmental challenges.

INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN SINGLE-WALLED (n,n) CARBON NANOTUBES USING MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are captivating materials renowned for their outstanding thermal properties and diverse applications in nanotechnology. This study utilizes molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the factors influencing thermal conductivity in SWCNTs, namely diameter, length, temperature, and defects. Results reveal that thermal conductivity exhibits an increase with both diameter and length, with values ranging from 3100 to 3400 W/m·K for diameters varying from 0.68 to 1.70 nm , and from 2800 to 3700 W/m·K for lengths ranging from 20 to 200 nm . Conversely, thermal conductivity demonstrates a decrease with rising temperatures, with values dropping from 3400 to 2600 W/m·K as temperature increases from 100 to 700 K . Furthermore, the presence of defects significantly diminishes thermal conductivity, as illustrated by reductions from 3200 to 2900 W/m·K for single vacancy defects and further to 2500 W/m·K for double vacancies. These findings insights into the thermal behavior of SWCNTs, enhancing our understanding of their thermal properties and broadening their potential applications, including in nanoscale cooling and nanoelectronics

Hybrid cell membranes camouflaged copper-loaded nano-prodrug for tumor angiogenesis inhibition and cell cuproptosis

The establishment of hybrid cell membrane-camouflaged nanotherapeutics is crucial to preserve and impart their biological functionality inherited from the source cells. In this study, one side relies on the intrinsic affinity between the intracellular domain of Band 3 in the red blood cells membrane (Rm) and P4.2 peptide-modified nanoparticles (Rm-Que/Cu), promoting the self-assembly coupling-driven encapsulation of Rm on the surface of nanodrugs. On the other side, it involves integrating the bioengineered cell membrane with high Del-1 expression (Dm) with Rm-Que/Cu to form RDm-Que/Cu, targeting the role of integrin αvβ3 on tumor neovascularization and endothelial cells (ECs). This approach simultaneously integrates the multi-functions, including self-assembly encapsulation, targeted drug delivery, and on-demand drug release. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirmed that RDm-Que/Cu were able to disrupt the cellular copper homeostasis, inhibit tumor angiogenesis, and induce cuproptosis. This discovery provides a feasible platform for the biomedical application of hybrid cell membrane-camouflaged biomimetic nanotechnology.

Toxicokinetics Explain Differential Freshwater Ecotoxicity of Nanoencapsulated Imidacloprid Compared to Its Conventional Active Ingredient.

Agricultural applications of nanotechnologies necessitate addressing safety concerns associated with nanopesticides, yet research has not adequately elucidated potential environmental risks between nanopesticides and their conventional counterparts. To address this gap, we investigated the risk of nanopesticides by comparing the ecotoxicity of nanoencapsulated imidacloprid (nano-IMI) with its active ingredient to nontarget freshwater organisms (embryonic Danio rerio, Daphnia magna, and Chironomus kiinensis). Nano-IMI elicited approximately 5 times higher toxicity than IMI to zebrafish embryos with and without chorion, while no significant difference was observed between the two invertebrates. Toxicokinetics further explained the differential toxicity patterns of the two IMI analogues. One-compartmental two-phase toxicokinetic modeling showed that nano-IMI exhibited significantly slower elimination and subsequently higher bioaccumulation potential than IMI in zebrafish embryos (dechorinated), while no disparity in toxicokinetics was observed between nano-IMI and IMI in D. magna and C. kiinensis. A two-compartmental toxicokinetic model successfully simulated the slow elimination of IMI from C. kiinensis and confirmed that both analogues of IMI reached toxicologically relevant targets at similar levels. Although nanopesticides exhibit comparable or elevated toxicity, future work is of utmost importance to properly understand the life cycle risks from production to end-of-life exposures, which helps establish optimal management measures before their widespread applications.

Application of Nanotechnology in Sericulture: A Review

Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising tools for enhancing mulberry cultivation and the performance of silkworms, crucial for silk production. Mulberry, a vital plant for silk production, demands proper nutrient management for optimal growth and leaf production. Application of NPs, particularly zinc oxide and iron oxide, has shown significant improvements in mulberry growth parameters. Furthermore, NPs have demonstrated positive effects on silkworm larvae, enhancing feed efficiency and growth parameters, leading to better cocoon traits. Silkworms fed with NPs-treated mulberry leaves exhibited increased body weight, cocoon weight, and silk filament characteristics. Additionally, NPs have shown promise in enhancing silkworm reproduction and fecundity while conferring resistance against diseases like BmNPV. Various NPs, including TiO2, silver and chitosan, have exhibited antibacterial properties against silkworm pathogens, thereby contributing to disease prevention. Overall, NPs offer a sustainable and effective approach to enhance mulberry cultivation, improve silkworm performance and mitigate disease risks, thus potentially revolutionizing silk production practices.

Application of green synthesized Ag and Cu nanoparticles for the control of bruchids and their impact on seed quality and yield in greengram

Storage pests, particularly bruchids, are major biotic constraints causing significant storage losses in pulses. Conventional control methods relying on insecticides and fumigants often lead to food contamination due to toxic pesticide residues and a rapid decline in seed germination. In this investigation, through green nano-technological application, a promising and sustainable alternative for pest management is developed. Silver and copper nanoparticles were synthesized through ocimum leaf extract. The characterization of silver and copper nanoparticles was carried out by UV-spectroscopy, particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared. Both the nanoparticles were spherical and crystalline in nature. Greengram seeds were primed with standardized silver and copper nanoparticles at different concentrations (1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm) and compared with castor-treated, deltamethrin-treated, and untreated control seeds for seed quality, growth, and yield. After one month of storage, all the pulse beetles released in different treatments exhibited 100 % mortality, whereas in control, the insects multiplied. At the end of nine months, the control seeds had shown 72 % damage and 39.67 % germination. In contrast, silver nanoparticles at 1000 ppm showed no seed damage and achieved 81.67 % germination, which was on par with copper nanoparticles at 1000 ppm with 79.33 % germination. Seed priming of silver and copper nanoparticles at 1000 ppm also demonstrated superior performance in all the seed quality and biochemical parameters (alpha amylase and catalase) throughout the storage period. Whereas, in the greenhouse experiment, enhanced growth (35.96 cm, 46.48 cm, and 53.00 cm at 30, 60 DAS, and at harvest, respectively) and yield per plant (3.75 g) were significantly higher in plants that were given foliar application with silver nanoparticles at 1000 ppm. Furthermore, foliar application of these nanoparticles at all concentrations (1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm) did not exhibit any adverse effects on soil microbial organisms, as assessed by dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Hence, this research highlights the potential use of silver and copper nanoparticles at 1000 ppm as effective tools for storage pest management and contributing to improved agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Application of Nanotechnology as a Novel Approach to the Treatment of Skin Cancer

Abstract:: Skin cancer has become the fifth most frequently reported form of cancer worldwide, imposing significant economic and public health challenges. Over the course of the last ten years, there has been a significant increase in the application of Nanoparticles (NPs) as a method of therapeutic administration to target skin cancer. The information has been gathered from many online databases, such as Scopus, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, among others. An analysis of research articles that focused on the therapeutic effect of nanoformulations on skin cancer was included as part of the criteria for selecting the study. Nanoparticles have the potential to change the pharmacokinetics of the drug, increase the drug’s half-life by lowering immunogenicity, increase its bioavailability, decrease drug metabolism, and improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. The distribution of NP-based treatments to the skin requires special consideration due to the fact that the skin acts as both a physical and immunologic barrier. In addition, specialized technologies must take into consideration not only the target but also the channel of administration in order to be effective. The purpose of this review article was to provide an overview of many types of NPs, address the current landscape of NPs for skin cancer prevention and treatment, and provide a description of the application of NP-based technologies for drug delivery targeting the skin.

Fabricating of Pd and Ni bimetal modified halloysite nanotube composite and its application for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline

Tetracycline (TC) is extensively employed as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, and its byproducts have been identified in a variety of water bodies, posing a significant risk to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. Among the prevalent techniques for treating water contaminants, photodegradation stands out. In this research, we synthesized a novel nanocomposite material, embedding bimetallic nanoparticles onto halloysite nanotubes (HNT) (Pd@Ni/N-HNT), aimed at photocatalytically degrading TC. The Pd@Ni/N-HNT demonstrated the capability to enhance the TC degradation efficiency to 100 % under visible light for a duration of 120 min, effectively doubling the performance of pure H2O2 degradation. The influence of pH levels in aquatic environments on the TC degradation efficiency was explored. Through electron spin resonance (EPR) studies and free radical scavenging tests, it was verified that •O2− and h+ are pivotal in the degradation process. Furthermore, Pd@Ni/N-HNT showcased effective degradation capabilities in both tap and river water, achieving degradation rates exceeding 70 % in 120 min and 95 % in 180 min, respectively. This investigation not only sheds light on the potential of utilizing Pd@Ni/N-HNT as a potent catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of TC but also offers a comprehensive framework for the future development of nanomaterials aimed at the environmental remediation of organic pollutants. The findings herein provide a pivotal reference and guide for advancing the application of nanotechnology in the purification of water, thereby contributing to the safeguarding of aquatic ecosystems and public health.

Synthesis of liquid crystalline compounds containing thiol groups at both ends as reactive substituents and their immobilization on a gold substrate

In this study, we synthesized four bifunctional compounds containing two alkoxy groups, at which reactive thiol groups were introduced. Among these compounds, a compound with four and five methylene units in each alkyl chain did not exhibit a liquid crystalline phase. The other three compounds exhibit one or two liquid crystalline phases, and the number of liquid crystalline phases depends on the number of methylene units in their alkyl chains. These liquid crystalline compounds were oriented in one direction using a rubbed alignment film, and the oriented compounds were transferred onto a gold substrate. Using these gold substrates as working electrodes, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed with potassium ferricyanide as the redox probe. As the deposition time increased, the current intensities of a pair of redox waves gradually decreased. This trend suggests that with longer deposition times, a larger amount of the liquid crystalline compound was transferred to the gold substrate surface. These findings shed light on the relationship among the structures of bifunctional compounds, their liquid crystalline behavior, and their alignment properties on gold substrates, thereby offering valuable insights for potential applications in nanotechnology and materials science.

Specific binding of Ag+ to central C[sbnd]C mismatched base pair but not terminal C[sbnd]C pair in duplex DNA

Metal ion-nucleic acid interactions are important for their contribution in structure formation and their potential applications in nanotechnology. Hg2+ and Ag+ bind to T–T and CC mismatched base pairs, respectively, at the center of duplex DNA to form T–Hg–T and C–Ag–C. Although primer-extension by DNA polymerases with Hg2+ incorporated thymidine 5′-triphosphate to form T–Hg–T, the same reaction with Ag+ did not incorporate deoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate to form C–Ag–C. Here, isothermal titration calorimetric analyses to examine the effect of CC position in duplex DNA on Ag+ binding demonstrated that Ag+ did not bind to the terminal CC base pair in duplex, but it bound to the central CC base pair in duplex at 1:1 molar ratio with 9 × 105 M–1 binding constant. Ag+ did not bind to the terminal and central C–A, C–G, and C–T base pairs in duplex. These findings are useful for developing efficient metal-mediated base pair formation in nanotechnology.

The impact of nanotechnology in achieving sustainable design

In light of the current energy crisis affecting the world, as it constitutes a great economic burden, and with the increase in consumption of natural environment resources, the environment has been negatively affected, which has had a negative impact on human health. Therefore, the problem is summarized in how to achieve environmental sustainability in architecture using nanotechnology. The research used the descriptive analytical approach: the theoretical study presents the concept of sustainability, sustainable design, nanotechnology, nanomaterials, applications of nanotechnology in the field of architecture. An analytical study of one of the existing administrative buildings that achieved sustainability without the use of nanomaterials. Practical study: an applied experiment for one of the thermal insulation nanomaterials, based on the study and attempts to reach accurate results. The practical experience has proven good results in achieving thermal insulation and access to thermal comfort in case of use of nanomaterials in buildings.

Innovative modeling of monolayer puckered arsenene: Bridging quantum mechanics and finite element analysis

Current study presents a novel hybrid approach combining finite element modeling and density functional theory calculations to investigate the mechanical properties of monolayer puckered arsenene. The multiscale analysis in this study leverages finite element analysis as a distinctive approach, complementing the nano‐scale capabilities of density functional theory and molecular dynamics by overcoming limitations faced by these two methods in representing complex scenarios. Furthermore, finite element analysis demonstrates computational efficiency for larger structures, making it suitable for systems where atomistic simulations may be impractical. This hybrid methodology offers a unique framework for accurately predicting key properties, including elastic modulus and buckling force, by synergistically integrating the strengths of both computational techniques. In addition to demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach in accurately capturing material behavior, our findings shed light on fundamental aspects of nanoscale mechanics, with implications for various applications in nanotechnology, materials science, and structural engineering. By providing a deeper understanding of the mechanical response of 2D materials, our research contributes to advancing the field of nanoscale materials engineering and informs the design of innovative nanostructures with tailored mechanical properties.

The application of nanotechnology in the field of lithium-ion battery

Nanotechnology, with its remarkable progress, has permeated various aspects of daily life, highlighting its crucial role in shaping the world. One of its most significant applications is in the realm of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), where it holds the potential to dramatically enhance battery performance. This application is studied extensively both in the industry and academia. As the use of LIBs becomes more widespread, the demand for these batteries continues to rise. This paper will primarily focus on the utilization of nanotechnology within the LIB sector. This paper will delve into its applications across various components, including the cathode and anode. Furthermore, this paper will explore the potential future applications of nanotechnology in this field, examining how it can revolutionize energy storage technologies. The integration of nanotechnology not only enhances the performance of LIBs but also opens doors to innovative solutions that can address the growing energy demands of the modern society.

Application of nanotechnology in traditional Chinese medicine and current problems

Following the development of nanotechnology, more attention has been paid to nanotechnology and its applications. Nanotechnology can be applied in various fields, and it has demonstrated outstanding performance in medical science. Applications in traditional Chinese medicine are able to promote the development of TCM. In this article, the application of nanotechnology in the traditional Chinese medicine in different fields as well as the preparation and processing methods of nano TCM have been introduced. What is more, the benefits it brings and existing problems have been given. The benefits of nanotechnology applications include helping to increase the bioavailability of drugs through different pathways, enhancing absorption and reducing toxicity of drugs. Some suggestions have also been made for future developments. This article will help to provide the innovative ideas and approaches for the future development of the traditional Chinese medicine, which may possibly combine the ancient wisdom and knowledge with modern technology.

Application of nanotechnology in the battery of electric vehicles

Application of nanotechnology in the battery of electric vehicles

The application of nanotechnology in preventing photoaging and photodamage

Skin is the first protecting us barrier from the external environment. Overexposure to sunlight, containing harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR), may lead to photoaging. Prolonged exposure to UVR produces a notable volume of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can exacerbate the degradation of the skin's essential structural proteins, including collagen and elastin. This interference may result in conditions like dermal solar elastosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. UVR can cause different types of skin damage, including direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, and immune suppression. These effects can have severe consequences and lead to various skin problems, such as melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) skin cancers. In this review, we will examine how nanotechnology can be used in the prevention and treatment of skin aging and damage resulting from UVR exposure. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions for safeguarding the skin against UVR's harmful effects and repairing resulting damage.

Research on the application of nanotechnology in biomedicine

Research on the application of nanotechnology in biomedicine

Research of flexible sensor based on nanomaterial

Research of flexible sensor based on nanomaterial