Cellulose Nanoparticles Research Articles

Biodegradable hybrid biopolymer film based on carboxy methyl cellulose and selenium nanoparticles with antifungal properties to enhance grapes shelf life

In the current study, cellulose was extracted from sugarcane bagasse and further converted into carboxy methyl cellulose. The morphological, chemical, and structural characterization of synthesizeed carboxy methyl cellulose was performed. Further, the biopolymer was fabricated with mycogenic selenium nanoparticles and used to develop the biopolymer films. The developed biopolymer films were examined for the fruit shelf life stability, antifungal activity, and biodegradation potential. The results revealed that grapes wrapped with biofilms showed enhanced shelf life of fruit at all storage time intervals. The study also witnesses the antifungal activity of biopolymer films with a remarkable inhibitory action on the spores of Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerospora graminicola phytopathogens. Lastly, the biopolymer films were significantly degradable in the soil within two weeks of incubation. Thus, the developed biopolymer films exhibit multifaceted properties that can be used as an alternative to synthetic plastics for fruit packaging and also helps in protecting against fungal contaminants during storage with naturally degradable potential.

Non-Newtonian nanofluids mediated 15-fold enhancement of mass transfer for two-phase flow systems in microchannel

Microfluidic systems have been more popular in recent years because of its multifunctional advantages, such as the higher level of process intensification. The mass-transfer properties can further be improved by the presence of the slug flow regime in the microdomain for biphasic flow systems. Microdomain, geometrical considerations, non-Newtonian fluid and nanofluid have been independently being investigated as a tool of process intensification. To the best of our understanding, the four-in-one method of process intensification has not been studied till date hence, new systems are being investigated to bridge the gap. In this work, we describe the combination of three enhancing factors - microdomain, slug flow and non-Newtonian nanofluids (NNnF) on hydrodynamic and mass transfer studies for two-phase flow systems. The effect of non-Newtonian fluid (NNF) on the flow pattern and mass transport properties of an immiscible liquid-liquid system in straight and helical microchannels with internal diameters of 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm is being explored experimentally as well with CFD simulations. The range of slug flow has been increased along with enhancement of mass transfer coefficient with the introduction of non-Newtonian nanofluid. Unprecedentedly the addition of 0.5% (w/v) carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and Nickel (Ni) nanoparticles has resulted in fifteen times enhancement of mass transfer coefficient.

Broadening the product portfolio with cellulose and lignin nanoparticles in an elephant grass biorefinery

AbstractCellulose and lignin nanoparticles are high‐value‐added products obtained from lignocellulosic biomasses through several steps of cellulose purification and lignin extraction. These steps drastically reduce the potential feedstock revenue when carried out as stand‐alone methodologies. To increase biomass yields, we describe here a strategy to design a biorefinery focused on producing cellulose and lignin nanoparticles as main products, but also aim to recover and benefit from other biomass components using only water‐based processes. Sequential pressurized liquid extractions and diluted acid and alkaline treatments were carried out to fractionate elephant grass biomass, yielding (for every 100 g of biomass): 30 g of cellulose pulp (converted to 9 g of cellulose nanocrystals and 9 g of cellulose nanofibers); 10 g of lignin (used to produce 8.5 g of stable colloidal lignin nanoparticles by probe‐sonication in water); 7.5 g of extractives (e.g. sterols and phenolics) and 23 g of xylose (converted to 4.1 g of furfural). Alternatively, to allow for the flexible use of the cellulose fraction in the proposed biorefinery, 22 g of glucose could be produced by enzymatic hydrolysis. The results demonstrate that water‐based processes are suitable for a holistic use of biomass, providing a comprehensive set of high‐value‐added co‐products that are renewable and cost‐effective chemical, cosmetic, food, polymer and pharmaceutical solutions.

Nano Cellulose Particles from Pandanus Utilis and Sansevieria Trifasciata Significantly but Differently Improve the Tensile and Flexural Strength of Polyester Composites

Nano Cellulose Particles from Pandanus Utilis and Sansevieria Trifasciata Significantly but Differently Improve the Tensile and Flexural Strength of Polyester Composites

The Fundamental Role of Lipids in Polymeric Nanoparticles: Dermal Delivery and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cannabidiol.

This report presents a nanoparticulate platform for cannabidiol (CBD) for topical treatment of inflammatory conditions. We have previously shown that stabilizing lipids improve the encapsulation of CBD in ethyl cellulose nanoparticles. In this study, we examined CBD release, skin permeation, and the capability of lipid-stabilized nanoparticles (LSNs) to suppress the release of IL-6 and IL-8. The nanoparticles were stabilized with cetyl alcohol (CA), stearic acid (SA), lauric acid (LA), and an SA/LA eutectic combination (SALA). LSN size and concentration were measured and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in vitro release of loaded CBD, and skin permeability. IL-6 and IL-8 secretions from TNF-α-induced HaCaT cells were monitored following different LSN treatments. CBD released from the LSNs in dispersion at increasing concentrations of polysorbate 80 showed non-linear solubilization, which was explained by recurrent precipitation. A significant high release of CBD in a cell culture medium was shown from SALA-stabilized nanoparticles. Skin permeation was >30% lower from SA-stabilized nanoparticles compared to the other LSNs. Investigation of the CBD-loaded LSNs' effect on the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from TNF-α-induced HaCaT cells showed that nanoparticles stabilized with CA, LA, or SALA were similarly effective in suppressing cytokine release. The applicability of the CBD-loaded LSNs to treat topical inflammatory conditions has been supported by their dermal permeation and release inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Characteristics of cotton fabric dyed with Euphorbia extract at different concentrations of cellulosic nanoparticles (CNP)

As the perception of the consumer's environment and the toxicity of synthetic dyes that is harmful to humans, interest in natural dyes is also increasing in the textile dyeing industry. This study performed an alternative to metal mordants and used cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) as a natural mortant for dyeing cotton fabrics with natural dyes extracted from Euphorbia. The characteristics with and without CNP mordant were investigated in the experiment. The effects of natural cellulosic mordants were analyzed through color, fastness, color, fastness, air permeability, antibacterial rate, UV protection, and total hand value (THV). As a result, the light fastness has been shown to significantly increase, but the improvements in terms of the wash, perspiration, and rubbing fastness were negligible. In addition, when CNP was added to cotton dyeing, there was no difference change in air permeability, but THV was significantly improved to 5 or more, and the UV protection and bacteria reduction rate were excellent. These results are attributed to the groundwork for studies on other types of natural dyes in the future and, by establishing the benefits of CNP, this study significantly contributes to the improvement of the end-products of dyeing.

Biodegradation of synthetic PVP biofilms using natural materials and nanoparticles

Abstract Biodegradable nanofilms from polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), citric acid (CA), glycerol (G), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared using different ZnO concentrations and different electron beam irradiation doses, enabling crosslinking formation. The prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyser, and transmission electron microscopy. The swelling percentage of PVP:CMC films was ordered in the sequence of composition ratio 1:2 > 1:1 > 2:1. Results showed decrease in swelling capacity accompanied by increase in gelation percentage of (PVP:CMC)/CA/G)/ZnO nanofilms as the irradiation dose increased up to 20 kGy. The tensile strength of (PVP:CMC) films increased by the incorporation of ZnO-NPs and increasing the irradiation dose. The thermal stability of the prepared (PVP:CMC)/CA/G/ZnO nanofilms was enhanced as the irradiation dosage increased. The water vapour transmission rate of the irradiated films was decreased. The biodegradability of the prepared nanofilms was monitored during 16 weeks and it exceeded 65% weight loss from the original blank weight. Moreover, the nanofilms exhibit antimicrobial activity against fungi, Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacteria. The broad antimicrobial activity spectrum of the prepared nanofilms increased as the concentration of ZnO-NPs increased. These results suggested that (PVP:CMC)/CA/G/ZnO nanofilms can serve as biodegradable materials in various applications characterized by antimicrobial activity.

Low Fouling Nanostructured Cellulose Membranes for Ultrafiltration in Wastewater Treatment

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a common technique used in wastewater treatments. However, the issue of membrane fouling in UF can greatly hinder the effectiveness of the treatments. This study demonstrated a low-fouling composite cellulose membrane system based on microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and silica nanoparticle additives. The incorporation of 'non-spherical' silica nanoparticles was found to exhibit better structural integration in the membrane (i.e., minimal aggregation of silica nanoparticles in the membrane scaffold) as compared to spherical silica. The resulting composite membranes were tested for UF using local wastewater, where the best-performing membrane exhibited higher permeation flux than commercial polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and polyether sulfone (PES) membranes while maintaining a high separation efficiency (~99.6%) and good flux recovery ratio (>90%). The analysis of the fouling behavior using different models suggested that the processes of cake layer formation and pore-constriction were probably two dominant fouling mechanisms, likely due to the presence of humic substances in wastewater. The demonstrated cellulose composite membrane system showed low-fouling and high restoration capability by a simple hydraulic cleaning method due to the super hydrophilic nature of the cellulose scaffold containing silica nanoparticles.

Covalently Functionalized Cellulose Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Enrichment of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) Ions.

Cellulose nanoparticles are sustainable natural polymers with excellent application in environmental remediation technology. In this work, we synthesized cellulose nanoparticles and covalently functionalized them with a multi-functional group possessing ligands. The hybrid material shows excellent adsorption properties for the simultaneous extraction of multiple metal ions in the sample preparation technique. The sorbent shows excellent sorption capacity in the range of 1.8-2.2 mmol/g of material. The developed method was successfully employed for the simultaneous extraction of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) from real-world samples (industrial effluent, river water, tap and groundwater) and subsequently determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The method shows a preconcentration limit of 0.7 ppb attributes to analyze the trace concentration of studied metal ions. The detection limit obtained for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) is found to be 0.4 ppb.

NIR Luminescent Oxygen-Sensing Nanoparticles for Continuous Glucose and Lactate Monitoring.

A highly sensitive, biocompatible, and scalable phosphorescent oxygen sensor formulation is designed and evaluated for use in continuous metabolite sensors for biological systems. Ethyl cellulose (EC) and polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with Pluronic F68 (PF 68), Polydimethylsiloxane-b-polyethyleneglycol methyl ether (PDMS-PEG), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), and cetyltimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were prepared and studied. The resulting NPs with eight different surfactant−polymer matrix combinations were evaluated for physical properties, oxygen sensitivity, effect of changes in dispersion matrix, and cytotoxicity. The EC NPs exhibited a narrower size distribution and 40% higher sensitivity than PS, with Stern−Volmer constants (Ksv) 0.041−0.052 µM−1 for EC, compared to 0.029−0.034 µM−1 for PS. Notably, ethyl cellulose NPs protected with PF68 were selected as the preferred formulation, as they were not cytotoxic towards 3T3 fibroblasts and exhibited a wide phosphorescence lifetime response of >211.1 µs over 258−0 µM and ~100 µs over 2.58−0 µM oxygen, with a limit of detection (LoD) of oxygen in aqueous phase of 0.0016 µM. The EC-PF68 NPs were then efficiently encapsulated in alginate microparticles along with glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) to form phosphorescent nanoparticles-in-microparticle (NIMs) glucose sensing microdomains. The fabricated glucose sensors showed a sensitivity of 0.40 µs dL mg−1 with a dynamic phosphorescence lifetime range of 46.6−197.1 µs over 0−150 mg dL−1 glucose, with a glucose LoD of 18.3 mg dL−1 and maximum distinguishable concentration of 111.1 mg dL−1. Similarly, lactate sensors were prepared with NIMs microdomains containing lactate oxidase (LOx) and found to have a detection range of 0−14 mg dL−1 with LoD of 1.8 mg dL−1 and maximum concentration of 13.7 mg dL−1 with lactate sensitivity of 10.7 µs dL mg−1. Owing to its versatility, the proposed NIMs-based design can be extended to a wide range of metabolites and different oxygen-sensing dyes with different excitation wavelengths based on specific application.

Synthesis of Cellulose Nanoparticles from Ionic Liquid Solutions for Biomedical Applications

A method for the synthesis of cellulose nanoparticles using the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate has been optimised. The use of a highly biocompatible biopolymer such as cellulose, together with the use of an ionic liquid, makes this method a promising way to obtain nanoparticles with good capability for drug carrying. The operating conditions of the synthesis have been optimised based on the average hydrodynamic diameter, the polydispersity index, determined by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and the Z-potential, obtained by phase analysis light scattering (PALS), to obtain cellulose nanoparticles suitable for use in biomedicine. The obtained cellulose nanoparticles have been characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA). Finally, cell viability studies have been performed with a cancer cell line (HeLa) and with a healthy cell line (EA.hy926). These have shown that the cellulose nanoparticles obtained are not cytotoxic in the concentration range of the studied nanoparticles. The results obtained in this work constitute a starting point for future studies on the use of cellulose nanoparticles, synthesised from ionic liquids, for biomedical applications such as targeted drug release or controlled drug release.

Enhanced Structural, Optical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of PEO/CMC Doped TiO2 NPs for Food Packaging Applications.

In this article, the synthesis, optical, and electrical properties of composites consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are examined. Flexible nanocomposite samples comprising PEO, CMC, and TiO2 nanoparticles were produced swiftly via using the cast synthesis method. In addition, XRD and FT-IR analysis were performed in order to analyze the structures of the prepared samples. Our results demonstrate the PEO/CMC blend's effectiveness in interacting with TiO2 nanoparticles. The optical properties of the PEO/CMC and nanocomposite samples, such as the energy band gap, were studied using the UV/Vis optical absorbance. It was found that as TiO2 NP weight fraction increases, the energy gap narrows. Moreover, TiO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 16 nm were formed in spherical and rod shapes, according to a TEM image. The SEM images demonstrate how the distribution of TiO2 NPs increased upon the surfaces of the prepared films. The antibacterial activity in the nanocomposites was shown to be enhanced by the TiO2 NP concentrations. Finally, we proposed that PEO/CMC-0.8 wt. % TiO2 nanocomposites with enhanced optical, electrical, and dielectric properties should be used in electrochemical devices.

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanoparticles from Agricultural Wastes and Their Application in Polymer Composites

, Page no - | ABSTRACT | PDF | FULL TEXT | e-PUB Background: The development of innovative eco-sustainable bio-nano-composites materials based on cellulose nanomaterials obtained from agricultural waste such as rapeseed plant straw and polymeric materials with improved properties. At first, cellulose was extracted from rapeseed plant straw and cellulosic and no cellulosic materials were estimated. It was found that the rapeseed plant straw contained about 43.48 wt.% cellulosic materials and 56.52 wt.% no cellulosic materials. It was also found that the rapeseed plant straw content about 34.84 wt.% α- cellulose. Then, nano-cellulose was prepared by acid hydrolysis of α -cellulose obtained from rapeseed plant straw. Poly vinyl acetate (PVAc) was prepared by soap free emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomer. Natural rubber (NR) collected as latex was oxidized by KMnO4. Blends of NR and oxidized NR with PVAc of different compositions such as NR60/PVAc40, NR40/PVAc60, ONR60/PVAc40, ONR40/PVAc60 were prepared by mixing NR latex and PVAc emulsion and followed by drying in an oven at 60°C. Composites of NR60/PVAc40 and ONR60/PVAc40 reinforced nano-cellulose (NC) were also prepared in similar way. The blends and composites were then characterized by FTIR, SEM, and Tensile test (TS). FTIR analysis confirmed the oxidation of NR and shown the variation of the functional groups in the blends and composites compared with the FTIR spectrum of NR, ONR and PVAc. SEM study exhibited that the nano-cellulose were dispersed within NR/PVAc and ONR/PVAc blends matrices with a little agglomeration. The tensile test results showed that the strength in composites was increased due to the reinforcing effect of nano-cellulose (NC). Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the Preparation and characterization of binary blends of NR and oxidized NR with PVAc. Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh. The duration of the period from Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS trial version. Results: This study shows that the according to Constituent, Cellulose was 43.4822%, Alpha-Cellulose were 34.8427% and Cellulose were 8.6395%. And according to Source, Rice Straw were 32.15% %, Sugarcane were 41-43%, Rye Straw were 31.8-42.64%, Corn Stalks were 29.80% and Wheat Straw were 34-40%. Conclusion: Novel eco-friendly bio-nano-composites substances primarily based on renewable and sustainable assets namely natural rubber (NR) and nano-cellulose received from rapeseed plant straw as properly as poly vinyl acetate (PVAc) have been developed. In order to enhance the interfacial interactions amongst the composite factors such as NR, PVAc and NC, oxidation of the NR latex was once carried out by way of KMnO4 before blending mixing with PVAc emulsion and NC suspension.

Design and characterization of an antibacterial film composited by hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and nano ZnO for food packaging

For food packaging, a novel composite film was prepared by solution casting method using hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and zinc oxide nanoparticles as raw materials. The composite film successfully compounded the nanoparticles, as deduced by spectroscopy, crystallography and morphology observation. The addition of CMCS and ZnO enhanced the solvent resistance (the water solubility of the composite film was reduced by 94.3 %) and UV shielding ability (the UV shielding capacity of the composite film was increased by 45.73 %) of the composite film, thus improving the application prospects of the composite film in water-rich foods. In addition, the synergistic effect of CMCS and ZnO helped the composite film to efficiently inhibit the pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (rate of inhibition>99.99 %) in food. The addition of CMCS and ZnO also significantly improved the elasticity (improve 494.34 %) and maximum load capacity (improve 142.24 %) of the composite film.

Nanoparticle-Surfactant Stabilized Strong Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery in High-Salinity Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs

Summary Foam flooding can minimize bypassing in gasfloods in fractured reservoirs. Finding a foam formulation effective in high-salinity brine is challenging, especially with divalent cations, e.g., American Petroleum Institute (API) brine (8% NaCl with 2% CaCl2). When formulating with nanoparticles, the colloidal dispersion stability is difficult due to the dramatic reduction in zeta potential and the Debye length at high salinity. The aim of this work was to develop a strong foam in API brine at the ambient temperature, using a nonionic surfactant and ethyl cellulose nanoparticles (ECNP), for gasflooding in fractured carbonate reservoirs. ECNPs was synthesized and dispersed in API brine using a nonionic surfactant (also denoted as SF). SF and SF/ECNP foams were generated, and their stability was studied at atmospheric pressure and 950 psi. Foam mobility was measured in a sandpack at high pressure. Foam flood experiments were conducted in oil-saturated fractured carbonate cores. The nonionic surfactant proved to be a good dispersion agent for ECNP in API brine. The SF/ECNP mixture stabilized foam in API brine, even in the presence of oil. Injecting a partially miscible gas (below its minimum miscibility pressure) as an SF foam into a fractured core more than doubles the oil recovery over injection of the gas alone. The injection of the strong foam (SF/ECNP) further improves the oil recovery over that of the SF foam, indicating the synergy between ECNP and surfactant. ECNP accumulates in the foam lamella and induces larger pressure gradients in the fracture to divert more gas into the matrix for oil displacement.

Effects of Composition and Compression Pressure on the Ferroelectricity of a Novel Eco-Friendly Nanocomposite Based on a Molecular Ferroelectric of Tris-Sarcosine Calcium Chloride Filled with Cellulose Nanoparticles

For the first time, to our knowledge, an eco-friendly nanocomposite based on a classical molecular ferroelectric of Tris-sarcosine calcium chloride (TSCC) with an addition of cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) was synthesized. The samples containing different cellulose concentrations were compressed under various pressures from 0.1 to 0.7 GPa to investigate the effects of composition and compression pressure on the ferroelectricity of the composites. Experiments were conducted on samples in the fresh state and after 200 h under normal conditions. The results obtained demonstrated higher phase transition temperatures in the composites than those of pure TSCC. Besides, a deformation of the dielectric hysteresis loops with changing cellulose content was detected. Importantly, an increase in compression pressure applied on the samples led to the movement of the phase transition point toward higher temperatures. The results also revealed an instability of the ferroelectric properties in the composites with high content of cellulose.

Utilizing modified cellulose nanoparticles derived from a plant loofah sponge to improve the removal of diazinon insecticide from an aqueous medium.

Organophosphate insecticides, such as diazinon, have been well investigated to pose health and environmental risks. In this study, ferric-modified nanocellulose composite (FCN) and nanocellulose particles (CN) based on a natural source as a loofah sponge were synthesized to verify their adsorption potential to eliminate diazinon (DZ) from contaminated water. The as-prepared adsorbents were characterized by performing TGA, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, pHPZC, and BET analyses, in which FCN showed high thermal stability, surface area of 82.65 m2 g-1, surface with mesopores, good crystallinity (61.6%), and particle size of 86.0 nm. The results of adsorption tests demonstrated that the maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity (294.98 mg g-1) was exhibited by FCN at 38 °C, pH 7, 1.0 g L-1 of adsorbent dosage, and 20 h of contact shaking time. The effect of adding KCl solution with high ionic strength (1.0 mol L-1) reduced the DZ removal percent by 52.9%. The experimental adsorption data achieved the best fit with all the applied isotherm models with favorable, physical, and endothermic nature of adsorption consistent with thermodynamic data. Pentanol attained higher desorption efficiency (95%) and was used in five adsorption/desorption cycles in which FCN exhibited only an 8.8% decrease in the removal percent of DZ.

Механические свойства ледовых композитов, упрочненных целлюлозными микроволокнами и наночастицами

The results of an experimental study of the hardening of fresh ice by microfibers and cellulose nanoparticles randomly distributed in its volume with different dispersion and content in the ice composite (IC) are presented. It is shown that at the optimal filler concentration (~5 wt %), it is possible to achieve a sixfold strengthening of IC as compared to pure ice.

Review Article: Development of biodegradable films using nanocellulose for food packaging application

Due to the development of nanotechnology and changing customer demands for food safety and hygiene, the food packaging industry is growing significantly. In today's worldwide market, active packaging offers a number of advantages over traditional wrapping because of its capacity to absorb or release substances to improve the shelf life of food. Traditional food packaging materials are difficult to recycle and are made from nonrenewable fossil fuels. The development of biodegradable films using Nano cellulose can be a good replacement for synthetic plastic packaging materials and can be a good solution for this problem. Other than that it has multiple advantages regarding tensile and physical properties, also as reducing health hazards. Tensile and physical characteristics are improved and water vapor permeability is decreased with the addition of cellulose nanoparticles to the biodegradable films/biodegradable composite films. The production of biodegradable materials employing Nano cellulose has been covered in this review study in four different ways, including extracts from agricultural waste, rice husk, various plant extracts, and biopolymer composite material in food packaging. The reason for using Nano cellulose-based biodegradable films in food packaging is also reviewed in this article. The key points for future research related to Nanocellulose and biodegradable films.

A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Approach for Investigation of Structural Contributions to Ferroelectricity of Nanocomposites from Cellulose Nanoparticles and Glycine Silver Nitrate

For the first time, a composite from cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) and a classical ferroelectric of glycine silver nitrate (G-Ag-N) were synthesized for investigation of structural contributions to ferroelectricity using experimental methods (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dielectric spectroscopy) and theoretical analysis with hyperbolic law (HL). It was figured out that the presence of cellulose inhibited the formation of G-Ag-N crystals in the composite and dragged the Curie point toward higher temperatures. Besides, the increase in CNP content led to reducing the contributions of lattice and reversible domain-wall motion to dielectric permittivity; and enhanced the role of defects.