Manipulation Of Nanoparticles Research Articles

Multiple trapping using a focused hybrid vector beam**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11604050, 91636109, 61575041, and 61875242), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities at Xiamen University, China (Grant No. 20720190057), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China for Distinguished Young Scientists (Grant No. 2015J06002), the Program for New Century

We propose a simple and efficient method that uses a single focused hybrid vector beam to confine metallic Rayleigh particles at multiple positions. We study the force mechanisms of multiple trapping by analyzing the gradient and scattering forces. It is observed that the wavelength and topological charges of the hybrid vector beam regulate the trapping positions and number of optical trap sites. The proposed method can be implemented easily in three-dimensional space, and it facilitates both trapping and organization of particles. Thus, it can provide an effective and controllable means for nanoparticle manipulation.

Nano-manipulation and nano-assembling using shape memory alloy nanogripper of metal oxide and semiconductor single nanowires and nanoparticles for biological nanosensors∗∗Report at 9th International Workshop on Advanced Materials Science and Nanotechnology (IWAMSN2018), 7-11 November 2018, Ninh Binh City, Vietnam.

The nanomaterials based on metal oxides or semiconductor nanoparticles and nanowires appear to demonstrate the unique physical and also functional properties. Those properties, in general, allow constructing a large number of individual nanodevices for promising applications in nanoelectronics, photonics and biomedical technology. Such individual nanodevices represent interesting building blocks for new type of hierarchical mechanical nano-assembling. Mechanical hierarchical nano-assembly of functional nanoscale/meso-macroscale devices into macroscopic devices opens up the new perspectives for the creating of micro-meso and macro-devices and their arrays for many applications. The report describes the physical principle and design of the shape memory based nanogrippers as well as the preliminary results of the manipulation of CNTs, InP, ZnO nanowires and nanoparticles as building blocks for biomedical sensors.

All-optical trapping, relocation, and manipulation of nanoparticles using SOI ring resonators

Optical tweezers have opened new doors in microscale research such as single-cell handling and analysis. To develop this technique to nanoscale applications, a number of near-field techniques have been introduced, but they suffer from issues and limitations. Here, we propose simple schemes built by SOI-based optical ring resonators that have efficient trapping and precise transporting functionalities, which are applicable for optical manipulation of nanoparticles. The distribution of the optical intensity excited in a ring resonator and its resultant optical forces on the nanoparticles are calculated numerically. According to the calculations, a subwavelength polystyrene particle as small as 12 nm in radius can be trapped with a depth of 10  kBT by an input power of 10 mW and conveyed to a specified location along the ring with nanometer precision. In addition, we show that the introduced schemes are capable of analyzing physical properties of biostructures such as the binding force of a DNA molecule.

Dependence between clinically evaluated muscular strength and gait and balance parameters in children with neurological or sensory integration impairments

Since the discovery, surface wave tractor beams have drawn less attention compared to free-propagating optical tractor beams. For Mie-range objects, this article stands for one of the very first proposals of on chip SPP (surface plasmon polariton) based optical tractor beam where two SPP waves are excited by using gratings made of grooves and meta-surfaces. Such beam can pull dielectric particles within certain size ranges when it is non-paraxial enough. Our SPP tractor beam set-up enables on chip object transportation and radius based optical sorting which could further facilitate the on-chip manipulation and analysis of nanoparticles and biomolecules.

Single-cell biomagnifier for optical nanoscopes and nanotweezers

Optical microscopes and optical tweezers, which were invented to image and manipulate microscale objects, have revolutionized cellular and molecular biology. However, the optical resolution is hampered by the diffraction limit; thus, optical microscopes and optical tweezers cannot be directly used to image and manipulate nano-objects. The emerging plasmonic/photonic nanoscopes and nanotweezers can achieve nanometer resolution, but the high-index material structures will easily cause mechanical and photothermal damage to biospecimens. Here, we demonstrate subdiffraction-limit imaging and manipulation of nano-objects by a noninvasive device that was constructed by trapping a cell on a fiber tip. The trapped cell, acting as a biomagnifier, could magnify nanostructures with a resolution of 100 nm (λ/5.5) under white-light microscopy. The focus of the biomagnifier formed a nano-optical trap that allowed precise manipulation of an individual nanoparticle with a radius of 50 nm. This biomagnifier provides a high-precision tool for optical imaging, sensing, and assembly of bionanomaterials.

Tunable optofluidic sorting and manipulation on micro-ring resonators from a statistics perspective.

Based on the optical trapping force of an evanescent wave at a micro-ring resonator alongside a waveguide, we propose a tunable optofluidic sorting unit for micro-nanoparticles by localized thermal phase tuning. With the tuning of field build-up factor of resonator, the depth of trapping potential well and the size of trapped particle are adjustable. Furthermore, by considering the Brownian motion of trapped particles from a statistics perspective, we verify the critical trapping threshold of a potential well, which is usually assumed to be 1kBT. The threshold depends not only on the optical power and particle size, but also on the length of the coupling region. Compared with a wavelength tuning mechanism, localized thermal tuning enables large-scale integration of many independent tunable resonators. As a demonstration, we propose a set of operations with three resonators for nanoparticle manipulation, including sorting, storing, and mixing. Our proposed function units are of great importance for on-chip large-scale integration of optofluidic systems.

Spatial manipulation of magnetically-responsive nanoparticle engineered human neuronal progenitor cells

Here we report a detailed investigation of the interaction of neuronal progenitor cells and neurons with polyelectrolyte-stabilized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Human neuronal progenitor and neurons were differentiated in vitro from fibroblast-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. The cytotoxic effects of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) were determined on human skin fibroblasts and neuronal progenitor cells. Immunocytochemical staining of lamins A/C and B in cells treated separately with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and magnetic nanoparticles allowed to exclude these nuclear components as targets of toxic effects. We demonstrate that magnetic nanoparticles accumulated in cytoplasm and on the surface of neuronal progenitor cells neither interacted with the nuclear envelope nor penetrated into the nuclei of neuronal cells. The possibility of guidance of magnetically functionalized neuronal progenitor cells under magnetic field was demonstrated. Magnetization of progenitor cells using poly(allylaminehydrochloride)-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles allows for successful managing their in vitro localization in a monolayer.

Nanoparticle injector for photonic manipulators using dielectrophoresis

We describe the concept of a dielectrophoretic nanoparticle injector and its use in a plasmonic/photonic-based nanoparticle manipulation system. Particle motion is achieved by generating an electrostatic, non-uniform field between two tilted plates and applying the corresponding dielectrophoretic force to net-neutral nanoparticles. We investigate the dependence the dielectrophoretic force has on the plate angle of the charged plates as well as their separation distance, dielectric filler material, and exit interface membrane. Our results indicate an increasing average and maximum dielectrophoretic force attainable in the axial direction with corresponding decreasing plate angle and gap distance. The model also predicts larger field variation and deviation from the average with smaller plate angle and gap distance. Lastly, we conclude that the nanoparticles must be suspended in a dielectric medium with permittivity greater than their own permittivity so that their net motion is outward through the exit interface membrane and into the manipulator system.

Mechanical manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles by magnetic force microscopy

Mechanical manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles by magnetic force microscopy

Strong and High-Precision Manipulation of Nanoparticle with Graphene-Coated Fiber Systems

Two kinds of graphene-coated fiber systems are proposed and studied for optical trapping. Their plasmonic modes in uniform environment and close to the substrate are studied in the finite element method. The optical forces exerted on dielectric nanoparticle by these systems are calculated by standalone waveguide approximation. It is found that for the dielectric particle with diameter of 1 nm, the maximal optical forces generated by certain modes are more than 107 fN/W whereas their force ranges are only one to several nanometers. These results may have important applications in strong and high-precision optical tweezers.

Remote manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles using magnetic field gradient to promote cancer cell death

The manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using an external magnetic field, has been successfully demonstrated in various biomedical applications. Some have utilised this non-invasive external stimulus and there is an potential to build on this platform. The focus of this study is to understand the manipulation of MNPs by a time-varying static magnetic field and how, at different frequencies and displacement, this can alter cellular function. Here we explore, using numerical modeling, the physical mechanism which underlies this process, and we discuss potential improvements for its use in biomedical applications. From our data and other related studies, we infer that such phenomenon largely depends on the magnetic field gradient, magnetic susceptibility and size of the MNPs, magnet array oscillating frequency, viscosity of the medium surrounding MNPs, and distance between the magnetic field source and MNPs. Additionally, we demonstrate cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in vitro induced by MNPs exposed to a magnetic field gradient and oscillating at various frequencies and displacement amplitudes. Even though this technique reliably produces MNP endocytosis and/or cytotoxicity, a better understanding is required to develop this system for precision manipulation of MNPs, ex vivo.

Manipulation of ellipsoidal nanoparticles considering roughness based on atomic force microscopy

The contribution in this paper is to investigate the manipulation of ellipsoidal nanoparticles by atomic force microscopy, taking into consideration of roughness. For the first phase of manipulation, roughness was investigated just for the substrate, but for the second phase, it begins by particle movement substrate and particle roughness is considered. The particle is of gold material; moreover, tip and substrate are made of silicon. Having examined the effective parameters of the contact mechanics, including the indentation depth and contact area for the Hertz, Jamari and Jeng–Wang models, two Jamari and Jeng–Wang contact models were used to consider the particle–probe contact and the particle–substrate contact respectively. By these two models, the first phase of manipulation process is simulated. At the end of this step, the force and the time, by which the particle starts moving, are detected. The next phase of manipulation begins with particle movement initiation and ends when it reaches the target point, which is called the second phase of manipulation. In order to simulate the second phase of manipulation, the Wilson model is used. Also, due to the fact that no surface is completely smooth and it has roughness that affects the amount of friction force and consequently manipulation relations, in order to bring the results closer to reality, in this article the Rumpf and Rabinovich models are used. In the first phase of manipulation for modelling the substrate roughness, Rumpf and Rabinovich models are used. Moreover, Rumpf model is used for modelling the particle and substrate roughness in the second phase of manipulation. Finally, to validate the results of the manipulation simulation process, they are compared with the results of the existing researches. In the first phase of the manipulation, based on the simulation results, the critical time and force error for the sliding mode were 0.94 and 1.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the critical time and force error for rotation mode are 1.3 and 1.7%, respectively. For manipulation, taking roughness into account, the critical time and force error for sliding and rotation modes in the first phase of manipulation are about 6%. The error for the second phase, using Wilson model, considering roughness for the particle and the substrate when the particle slides on the substrate is 3.2% as well. As a result, there is a good match between the simulation and the experimental results for both manipulation phases.

Opto-thermophoretic fiber tweezers.

Recent advances in opto-thermophoretic tweezers open new avenues for low-power trapping and manipulation of nanoparticles with potential applications in colloidal assembly, nanomanufacturing, life sciences, and nanomedicine. However, to fully exploit the opto-thermophoretic tweezers for widespread applications, the enhancement of their versatility in nanoparticle manipulations is pivotal. For this purpose, we translate our newly developed opto-thermophoretic tweezers onto an optical fiber platform known as opto-thermophoretic fiber tweezers (OTFT). We have demonstrated the applications of OTFT as a nanoparticle concentrator, as a nanopipette for single particle delivery, and as a nanoprobe. The simple setup and functional versatility of OTFT would encourage its use in various fields such as additive manufacturing, single nanoparticle-cell interactions, and biosensing.

Reconfigurable optical forces induced by tunable mode interference in gold core-silicon shell nanoparticles

The effects of resonant mode interference on optical forces acting on gold core-silicon shell nanoparticles are theoretically investigated with the multipolar expansion method based on the Mie scattering theory. It is found that the total optical radiation force and its two components, the incident force and the recoil force, can be tuned flexibly by engineering the interference interaction among electric, magnetic, and anapole modes. The recoil force acting on the core-shell nanoparticles can be enhanced up to 17 pN compared with the pure silicon nanoparticles with the same size as that of the core-shell nanoparticles when the magnetic dipole resonant mode totally interferes with the electric dipole resonant mode. In addition, the incident force can also be improved to 25 pN by suppressing the interference between the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole resonances. More importantly, the maximum optical radiation force is not dominated by the strongest resonant scattering mode of the hybrid nanostructure due to the modes’ interference induced giant negative recoil forces. We hope our results not only improve the optical trapping and manipulation of core-shell nanoparticles but also help to understand the underlying physical mechanism regarding the tunable optical radiation forces induced by the tunable interference among different resonant modes in core-shell nanoparticles.

Photothermal effect: application in manipulation of nanoparticles

The optical force, photothermal effect and enhanced electric field induced by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of plasmonic nanoparticles have been widely applied in nanomanipulation. Among them, the manipulation based on photothermal effect has attracted increasing interest because of its relatively larger manipulation radius and stronger driven force. In this paper, several typical approaches to manipulate nanoparticles using photothermal properties of metal nanomaterials are concluded, divided into direct ones and indirect ones. Among the indirect ones, taking Au as an example, there exist single Au NP-based schemes, multiple Au NPs-based schemes and Au nano-island-based schemes. At last, some problems unsolved are raised and some outlooks are suggested.

Nanofluidic Chips for DNA and Nanoparticles Detection and Manipulation

Nanofluidic Chips for DNA and Nanoparticles Detection and Manipulation

Visible-broadband Localized Vector Vortex Beam Generator with a Multi-structure-composited Meta-surface.

We demonstrate a vortex beam generator meta-surface that consists of silver structures and graphene layers. The miniature material is just a few microns in size and the working part is only a few hundred nanometers thick. With the incidence of the linearly polarized beam, the meta-surface generates high-localized vector vortex beam with a high proportion of the longitudinal component. Being compared with the constituent part of the meta-surface, the multi-structure-combined meta-surface increases the localization by 250% and the longitudinal component proportion by 200%. Moreover, the above artificial material can generate vortex beams in broadband within the visible light range. These novel optical properties have the potential to improve the precision and sensitivity of nanoparticle manipulation. The study serves as a foundation in optical miniaturization and integration, nanoparticle manipulation, high-efficiency optical and quantum communication, and light-driven micro-tools.

The significance of phyto-fabricated nanoparticles in curing gastric ulcer

Nanotechnology is a science which deals with the manipulation of nanoparticles which ranges from 1 to 100 nm. The twentieth century is innovatively revolutionized by the foremost advancement in the field of nanotechnology and its applications,

Numerical study of optical trapping properties of nanoparticle on metallic film with periodic structure**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61701382, 61601355, and 61571355), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2016M602770), and the Xi’an Technological University Principal Foundation Key Project, China (Grant No. XAGDXJJ18001).

Based on the three-dimensional dispersive finite difference time domain method and Maxwell stress tensor equation, the optical trapping properties of nanoparticle placed on the gold film with periodic circular holes are investigated numerically. Surface plasmon polaritons are excited on the metal-dielectric interface, with particular emphasis on the crucial role in tailoring the optical force acting on a nearby nanoparticle. Utilizing a first order corrected electromagnetic field components for a fundamental Gaussian beam, the incident beam is added into the calculation model of the proposed method. To obtain the detailed trapping properties of nanoparticle, the selected calculations on the effects of beam waist radius, sizes of nanoparticle and circular holes, distance between incident Gaussian beam and gold film, material of nanoparticle and polarization angles of incident wave are analyzed in detail to demonstrate that the optical-trapping force can be explained as a virtual spring which has a restoring force to perform positive and negative forces as a nanoparticle moves closer to or away from the centers of circular holes. The results of optical trapping properties of nanoparticle in the vicinity of the gold film could provide guidelines for further research on the optical system design and manipulation of arbitrary composite nanoparticles.

Synergy between pyroelectric and photovoltaic effects for optoelectronic nanoparticle manipulation.

The combined action of the pyroelectric (PY) and photovoltaic (PV) effects, exhibited by z-cut LiNbO3:Fe substrates, has been investigated for particle trapping and patterning applications. The novel hybrid procedure provides new possibilities and versatility to optoelectronic manipulation on LiNbO3 substrates. It has allowed obtaining periodic and arbitrary 2D patterns whose particle density distribution is correlated with the light intensity profile but can be tuned through ΔT according to the relative strength of the PV and PY effects. A relevant result is that the PY and PV contributions compete for a ΔT range of 1-20 °C, very accessible for experiments. Moreover, the synergy of the PY and PV has provided two additional remarkable applications: i) A method to measure the PV field, key magnitude for photovoltaic optoelectronic tweezers. Using this method, the minimum field needed to obtain a particle pattern has been determined, resulting relatively high, E~60 kV/cm, and so, requiring highly doped crystals when only using the PV effect. ii) An strategy combining the PY and PV to get particle patterning in samples inactive for PV trapping when the PV field value is under that threshold.