Nanoparticle Volume Fraction Research Articles

Scaling variation in the pinch-off of colloid-polymer mixtures

Hypothesis: The scaling laws of drop pinch-off are known to be affected by drop compositions including dissolved polymers and non-Brownian particles. When the size of the particles is comparable to the characteristic length scale of the polymer network, these particles may interact strongly with the polymer environment, leading to new types of scaling behaviors not reported before.Experiments: Using high-speed imaging, we experimentally studied the time evolution of the neck diameter hmin of drops composed of silica nanoparticles dispersed in PEO solution when extruded from a nozzle.Findings: After initial Newtonian necking with hmin ∼ t2/3, the subsequent stage may exhibit scaling variation, characterized by either exponential or power-law decay, depending on the nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ. The exponential decay hmin ∼ e-t/τ signifies the coil-stretch transition in typical viscoelastic suspensions. We conducted an analysis of the power-law scenario hmin ∼ tα at high ϕ, categorizing the entire process into three distinct regimes based on the exponents α. The dependences of critical thicknesses at transition points and exponents on polymer concentration offer initial insights into the potential transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous thinning in the mixture. This novel scaling variation bears implications for accurately predicting and controlling droplet fragmentation in industrial applications.

Heat transfer across an array of cylinders arranged in inline and staggered formation in a heat exchanger: effect of nanoparticle volume fraction, nanoparticle diameter, and Richardson number

Heat transfer across an array of cylinders arranged in inline and staggered formation in a heat exchanger: effect of nanoparticle volume fraction, nanoparticle diameter, and Richardson number

Optimizing heat transport in a permeable cavity with an isothermal solid block: Influence of nanoparticles volume fraction and wall velocity ratio

Abstract This study examines the influence of wall velocity ratio on mixed convective heat transport in a permeable cavity containing an isothermal solid block at its center. The analysis considers the characteristics of various flow variables, i.e., Darcy number, wall velocity ratio, Richardson number, and volume fraction of suspended nanoparticles, on heat transport and material flow characteristics. The principal equations are solved implementing the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations algorithm, and the outcomes are compared with existing literature. The study shows that rising estimations of Darcy number, velocity ratio, Richardson number, and nanoparticles volume fraction lead to improved heat transfer rates. For example, at high Richardson number (100) and solid volume fraction (0.05), increasing the velocity ratio from 0.5 to 1.5 results in a 6% (5%) upsurge in heat transport rate. Conversely, at smaller Richardson number (0.01), the heat transport rate upsurges by 29% (28%). Similarly, at high Darcy numbers and low wall velocity ratios, a 3% (4%) escalate in heat transport rate is observed with an increase in nanoparticles concentration from 0 to 0.05, while a 9% (8%) increase in thermal performance is achieved at low Darcy numbers. The study emphasizes the importance of optimizing the combination of nanoparticles volume fraction, Darcy number, velocity ratio, and Richardson number to maximize thermal performance in the porous cavity.

Multiple shape factor effects of nanofluids on marangoni mixed convection flow through porous medium

This study explores the effects of multiple shape factors on nanofluids within Marangoni mixed convection flows through porous media. Nanofluids, containing nanoparticles in a base fluid, show unique thermal properties, making them valuable in cooling systems, energy storage, and medical devices. Marangoni mixed convection, driven by surface tension gradients, adds complexity to fluid dynamics and heat transfer in porous media. Analytical and numerical analyses examine how various particle geometries, nanoparticle volume fractions, and porous medium configurations influence transport phenomena. Entropy analysis calculates thermodynamic irreversibilities. Findings reveal relationships between shape factors, heat transfer rates, velocity profiles, temperature distribution, and entropy generation rates, offering insights for optimizing nanofluid-based systems. The study also investigates magnetic forces, heat source/sink effects, and viscous dissipation on thermal energy transfer in Graphene oxide/water and Molybdenum disulfide/water nanofluids. Using similarity transformations, Partial Differential Equations are converted into Ordinary Differential Equations, solved with HAM and NDSolver by using the Wolfram tools. Results graphically depict velocity, temperature, entropy, and skin friction values, providing practical insights for engineering applications.

Effects of Arrhenius Activation Energy on Thermally Radiant Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over a Permeable Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation

This paper explores the role of viscous dissipation, Arrhenius activation energy, and thermal radiation of Williamson nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet. The governing partial differential equations have been simplified through a transformation process, resulting in a set of non-linear differential equations. To find a solution for these equations, a numerical approach is employed, specifically the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Additionally, a shooting technique is utilized to enhance the accuracy of the numerical solutions. Overall, the study involves reducing complex equations, solving them numerically, and refining the results through a combination of methods. The study investigates the impact of different physical parameters on key factors like velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, nano particle volume fraction, and rates of mass and heat transfer. This study exhibits that activation energy parameter enhances concentration profiles, whereas fitted rate constant shows opposite behavior. The activation energy into heat transfer model allows for the optimization of heat transfer systems utilizing Williamson nano fluids.

Comparative approach of Darcy–Forchheimer flow on water based hybrid nanofluid ([formula omitted]) and mono nanofluid ([formula omitted]) over a stretched surface with injection/suction

The hybrid nanofluids are crucial for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in different technological and industrial operations like nuclear reactor cooling, fuel cells, drug delivery systems, etc. Taking this factor into account, the current investigation focused on the MHD Darcy–Forchheimer flow of water-based hybrid nanofluid (Cu-Al2O3) and mono nanofluid (Cu) past a stretched surface with injection/suction. Additionally, the investigation focuses on analyzing the consequences of nonlinear thermal radiation and heat consumption/generation. The governing higher-order PDEs are rehabilitated into ODEs through a suitable transformation process. Finally, we solve these equations using the quantitative approach of the Bvp4c algorithm in MATLAB and visualize the results in tables and graphs. Our study revealed that the intensified magnetic field, porosity, and injection/suction parameters suppress the fluid velocity. The fluid heat is enhanced when intensifying the radiation, and nanoparticles volume fraction parameters. Augmenting the magnetic field parameter results in a reduction in the skin friction coefficient. It is also found that the highest dwindling percentage of the skin friction coefficient is 24% (HNF), 33.38% (NF), and 25.70% (VF) when the magnetic field parameter changes from 0 to 1. The largest growing percentage of the local Nusselt number is 34.02% (HNF), 36.75% (NF) and 39.52 (VF), which occurs when the suction/injection parameter is modified from −0.3 to 0.

Explicit computational analysis of unsteady maxwell nanofluid flow on moving plates with stochastic variations

It is imperative to investigate the proposed computational scheme for the resolution of two-dimensional partial differential equations that result from non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets, taking into account the effects of the magnetic field and chemical reactions, as it is designed to address stochasticity, unstable flow conditions, and Maxwellian behaviour. Consequently, it offers valuable insights into the dynamics of nanofluids. A stochastic computational scheme is suggested to address the two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) caused by non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets in the presence of a magnetic field and chemical reaction effects. The Taylor series analysis is employed to construct a scheme. The two-stage approach can be employed to discretize the time derivative in the differential equations. The stability study results and the consistency by mean square measure are also included. The continuity equation in the given partial differential equations (PDEs) is discretized using the first-order finite difference approach. The remaining equations, including the energy equation, the nanoparticle volume fraction, and the Navier-Stokes equation, are discretized using the second-order difference in space scheme that is proposed. Three separate figures show how the various parameters affect the nanoparticle volume fractions, velocity, and temperature. Through a focus on a specific computational technique designed to handle the challenges given by stochasticity, unstable flow conditions, and the Maxwellian behaviour shown by these nanofluids, this study introduction serves as a portal into the involved domain of nanofluid dynamics.

Effects of magnetic fields and nanoparticle concentration on hydro-thermal performance of a surface enhanced microchannel

This article numerically investigates fluid flow and heat transfer in plain wall (PWMC) and oblique fin (OFMC) microchannels under varying magnetic fields using water- Al2O3 nanofluid as a working fluid. Effects of magnetic flux (Hartmann number, Ha = 0–30), fluid velocity (Reynolds number, Re = 100–500), and nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ = 0%–2%) on the overall thermo-fluid performance are analyzed. Magnetic fields can significantly improve the heat transfer in OFMC in a higher rate compared to the PWMC. Also, there is a less increment on the pressure drop in the OFMC in comparison to PWMC. In addition, individual, as well as combined effect of Joule and viscous heating on the thermo-fluid performance is investigated. Due to the combined effect of Joule and viscous heating, the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) in OFMC can be improved by 21%. However, the PEC in OFMC can be enhanced by 55% without considering the combined effect. The detailed characteristics flow and heat transfer are also studied by analyzing the velocity contours, isotherms, streamlines, friction factors, and Nusselt numbers. The present study concludes the importance of consideration of Joule and viscous heating for an accurate modeling, where the viscous heating plays the dominant role. The present findings can be instrumental in enhancing the performance of micro heat sinks to optimize hydrothermal performance in high powered motors, nuclear fusion reactors etc., where magnetic field is present.

Investigating the convective flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids and single nanofluids around a stretched cylinder: Parameter analysis and performance enhancement

Within this research, we examined the convective flow of a blend of ternary hybrid nanofluids and single nanofluids with a stagnation point caused by a stretched cylinder. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using a ternary hybrid nanofluid instead of a single nanofluid. Water is used as the base fluid in this investigation. The single nanofluid is made of copper and the ternary hybrid nanofluid is made of Molybdenum disulfide, copper, and silver. The impact of the curvature parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, mixed convection parameter, velocity ratio, shape factor, conjugate number and Eckert number parameters on temperature and velocity profiles has been investigated. Differential equations with partial derivatives were transformed to equations of ordinary differential type. The ODEs were then solved using the RK5th method. The ternary hybrid nanofluid has greater advantages than the single nanofluid and enhances the velocity and temperature compared to the single nanofluid, according to this study. Furthermore, the results showed that when curvature parameter, volume fraction and shape factor improved, so did the velocity and temperature profile. The results showed that moving from a single nanofluid to a ternary hybrid nanofluid at shape factor equal to 16.2 (Lamina) boosts the velocity by 20 %. Also, in Eckert number equal to 0.45, and substituting the ternary hybrid nanofluid boosts the temperature tenfold.

Heat transfer in radiative hybrid nanofluids over moving sheet with porous media and slip conditions: Numerical analysis of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity

Our current numerical investigation aims to estimate the thermal transport properties of hybrid nanofluids on a moving surface that is being shrinked horizontally. The hybrid nanoparticles consist of alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu), suspended in water as the base fluid. The transportation phenomenon takes place in a Darcy-Forchheimer medium, which is a porous material that exhibits thermal radiation, variable viscosity, variable thermal conductivity, Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and the effects of velocity and thermal slip conditions. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted using suitable similarity transformations into non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The equations were solved using the shooting technique with the RK-IV algorithm in the MATHEMATICA program. Dimensionless velocity, temperature, skin friction, and Nusselt numbers all provide numerical outcomes. Graphs and tables show the results of an investigation into the influence of different physical characteristics on these numbers. The velocity profile exhibits an upward trend when the velocity slip and nanoparticles volume fraction rise, but a downward trend when the viscosity and Prandtl number are varied. if the thermal slip and variable Prandtl number grow, the temperature profile falls. Conversely, if the nanoparticles volume fraction and variable thermal conductivity increase, the temperature profile increases. The skin friction and Nusselt number exhibit an upward trend as the volume percentage of nanoparticles and the viscosity of the system rise. At a Prandtl number of 6.2 and a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 %, the Xue model demonstrates a heat transfer rate increase that is 5.32 % superior to the Yamada-Ota model and 3.18 % superior to the Hamilton-Crosser model for nanofluid. In the case of hybrid nanofluid, the Xue model exhibits a 19.01 % superiority over the Yamada-Ota model and 12.197 % superior to the Hamilton-Crosser model.

Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow over a Solid Sphere in AL203-Ag/Water Hybrid Nanofluid with Viscous Dissipation Effects

The current study aims to investigate how heat transfer and skin friction develop by modifications in the fundamental advantages of fluids in the presence of mixed convection boundary layer flow over on a sphere in hybrid nanofluids. The numerical solutions for the reduced Nusselt number, local skin friction coefficient temperature profile, and velocity profiles are discovered and clearly presented. The Eckert number, the mixed convection parameter λ, and the nanoparticle volume fraction are all investigated and described. It is found that increasing the volume percentage of nanomaterial in nanofluid enhanced the value of the skin friction coefficient. The low density of nano oxides in hybrid nanofluids, such as alumina, also contributes to reduced friction between fluid and body surface. The findings of a computational investigation demonstrate that the use of a hybrid nanofluid, composed of nanometal and nano-oxide in the form of , has the potential to decrease skin friction while maintaining heat transfer characteristics comparable to that of Ag/water nanofluid. The findings in this publication are new and will be useful to boundary layer flow researchers. It can also be applied as a guideline for experimental investigations with the goal of reducing the cost of operation

Computational investigation of methanol-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux

Abstract This study investigates heat transfer rates in (AA7075-AA7072/Methanol) hybrid nanofluid flows, considering non-uniform heat sources and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux, with significant implications for aerospace engineering by enhancing thermal management in aircraft engines. The findings could revolutionize automotive cooling system efficiency, optimize heat dissipation in electronic devices, and advance the design of renewable energy systems such as concentrated solar power plants. The study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of (AA7075/Methanol) nanofluid and (AA7075-AA7072/Methanol) hybrid nanofluid flow, examining heat transfer rates, non-uniform heat sources, and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux theory around a stretching cylinder. Thermal radiation and the Biot number are also evaluated. Two different nanoparticles, AA7072 and AA7075, are used with methanol to create AA7075/Methanol nanofluid and AA7075-AA7072/Methanol hybrid nanofluid. The study compresses the resultant non-linear partial differential equation system and applies suitable similarity transformations to reduce the governing partial differential equations with boundary conditions to dimensionless form. The BVP4C shooting method in MATLAB is employed to numerically and graphically solve these dimensionless ordinary differential equations. The results indicate that higher curvature parameter values correlate with increased velocity and temperature distribution profiles. A rise in nanoparticle volume fraction reduces the radial velocity profile but increases the temperature profile. Temperature distribution profiles increase with higher thermal radiation parameter and Biot number values, while higher thermal relaxation parameter values decrease temperature. Additionally, thermal distribution profiles rise with increasing values of both the time-dependent heat source constant and space-dependent heat source parameter.

Viscous dissipation effects on time-dependent MHD Casson nanofluid over stretching surface: A hybrid nanofluid study

The study of MHD Couple stress Casson flow of a hybrid nanofluid is paramount due to its potential applications in advanced engineering systems, particularly in enhancing thermal management and efficiency in various industrial processes. In this report, the time-dependent MHD Couple stress Casson flow of a hybrid nanofluid, considering the impact of viscous dissipation over a stretching surface is presented. The main objective of this work is to enhance the transformation heat ratio to meet the requirements of the engineering and manufacturing industries. After conducting a continuity check, the issue is analyzed by applying the principles of momentum and energy conservation. This modeling process generates nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), which are subsequently converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity transformation and thermophysical characteristics. To solve these ODEs, the Approximate Analytical Method HAM is employed, which is specifically designed for nonlinear problems. Velocity decreases with increasing values and higher nanoparticle volume fraction further slows the velocity. Increasing the couple-stress parameter reduces velocity; increasing the Casson parameter slows the velocity profile. Increasing magnetic parameter enhances temperature profile; profile escalates with Eckert number magnitude. These findings contribute significantly to understanding the structure, interactions, and dynamics of such liquids, aligning with the focus on exploring the fundamental properties of simple, molecular, ionic, and complex liquids.

Exploration of heat transfer and entropy generation in an irregular wall cavity filled with Al2O3-water nanofluid

This study investigates 2-D natural convection heat transfer within an irregular wall cavity filled with nanofluid, employing a computational approach. The rough profile of the cavity surface is generated using the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot (W-M) function, and various parameters such as Rayleigh number ( 10 3 ≤ Ra ≤ 10 6 ), Knudsen number ( 0 ≤ Kn ≤ 1.5 ), solid volume fraction ( 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.15 ), and amplitude of the irregular rough wall ( 0 ≤ A 1 ≤ 0.1 ) are varied. The nanofluid consists of water as the base fluid and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles. Heat transfer characteristics are analyzed using the Nusselt number (Nu), while entropy generation is quantified to optimize thermal system efficiency. Grid sensitivity analysis and validation against existing literature are conducted to ensure the accuracy of the numerical methodology. Notably, the study demonstrates that increasing the slip velocity at the cavity wall enhances convection within the cavity, leading to a substantial increase in Nu. At Ra = 106, the Nu increases by 53.52% when Kn changes from 0 to 1. Furthermore, the study highlights the significant influence of nanoparticle volume fraction on Nu, showing that as the volume fraction increases, Nu also increases, indicating improved convective heat transfer performance. The Nu for a cavity with an amplitude of 0.1 is roughly 2.5 times higher compared to a smooth-walled cavity at Ra = 106. Increased surface irregularity enhanced turbulence intensity and mixing, leading to stronger convective currents. The novelty of this study lies in examining natural convection in irregular shaped cavities with wall-slip conditions, which are common in practical applications such as solar collectors, microelectronic devices, energy storage units, industrial furnaces, etc. This study offers valuable insights into the thermal behavior of rough enclosures filled with nanofluids, which will facilitate the optimization of heat transfer systems to minimize energy losses.

The Effect of a Riga Plate On Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Along a Stretching Cylinder with an Exponential Heat Source and Thermal Radiation

This study investigates the effect of a Riga plate on the flow characteristics of a Casson hybrid nanofluid through a stretching cylinder embedded in a porous medium in the presence of an exponential heat source and thermal radiation. This model is used toexplore the potential applications of this analysis in the fields of cancer treatment and wound healing. The governing partial differential equations are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) were reduced to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity variables, and the heat transfer phenomena, fluid flow dynamics, and nanoparticle behavior in the base fluid were captured through numerical analysis. The Casson fluid model was used to capture the non-Newtonian characteristics of blood-like fluids in the circulatory system, and stretching was employed to mimic the blood vessel. The modeling involved incorporating thermal radiation (Ra) and an exponential heat source, which are encountered in cancer treatment. The Runge-Kutta order 4 with shooting technique was used to obtain numerical solutions of the governing equations, and the effects of the Casson fluid parameter, curvature parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, Eckert number, and radiation parameter were analyzed. The results showed that the Riga plate affected the flow patterns by increasing the temperature, and the temperature distribution was improved by increasing the radiation parameter and nanoparticle concentration. The insights from this study could be used to optimize heat-based treatments for cancer and wound healing, where control of fluid dynamics and heat transfer processes is critical.

Application of central composite design (CCD)-response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of heat transfer in dusty nanofluid flow with velocity slip

Background and Purpose The consequence of thermal radiation is scrutinized on the heat transport of Nano-diamond/silicon oil and silver/silicon oil nanofluids through a stretching endless plate. The single phase (Tiwari and Das) model is employed for nanofluid. The major objective of this study is to optimize the RSM-based Central composite design modeling to optimization of the heat transfer in dusty Oldroyd-B nanofluid across stretching surface. Additionally the velocity slip effect is considered. The dust particle phase is also taken into account. The significance of viscous dissipation, joule heating, inclined magnetic field with convective condition is investigated. Methodology The partial differential equations are developed under consideration, then transform to ODE’s by utilizing similarity tools. The transformed model of ODE’s is tackled numerically via bvp4c MATLAB tool with shooting algorithm. The effect of magnetic parameter, fluid interaction parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, slip parameter and temperature interaction parameter on velocity field and temperature distribution of fluid phase and dust phase is investigated. Furthermore the Nusselt number on the wall is observed for interactive parameters of mass concentration of dust particles, fluid particles interaction parameter for velocity and unsteady parameters utilizing the face-centered Central Composite design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Additionally, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) algorithm and 3D plots are utilized to examine the consequence of experimental design parameters via the response. The recommended model significance has been analyzed in conditions of correlation coefficient ( R 2 ), mean square error (MSE), root means square error (RMSE), prediction standard error to acknowledge the most excellent strong. Results The difference between the Predicted R2 of 0.9467 and the Adjusted R2 of 0.9867 is less than 0.2, which is assumed to be a reasonable concurrence. Furthermore results of the current analysis indicate that velocity gradient for nanofluid is diminishes for larger fluid particle interaction parameter for velocity, while the dust phase velocity is improved. The increment in Temperature gradients is observed via increasing values of the nanoparticle fraction and temperature base fluid particle interaction parameter. From the results it is concluded that skin friction coefficient is reduced with larger magnetic parameter for both mono nanofluids. Furthermore the heat transfer rate is increased by increasing the thermal radiation parameter for both mono nanofluids. It is concluded that silver/silicon oil nanofluid play a higher role in heat transportation as compare to Nano-diamond/silicon oil.

A Vertical Surface Flow Analysis of MHD Nanofluids Influenced by Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, and Joule Heating with Soret and Dufour Effects

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of radiation and activation energy on mass transfer nanofluids flowing across an expanding sheet in a vertical direction, as well as joule heating, viscous dissipation, Soret and Dufour, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. The boundary layer (BL) equations for nonlinear momentum, energy, solute, and nanoparticle volume fraction are reduced by using similarity transformations. After that, the shooting technique and bvp4c are used to numerically solve the boundary layer equations. Schmidt and Eckert’s numbers, along with Soret effects on velocity, temperature, and the volume percentage of nanoparticles, cause an increase in skin friction. Fluid temperature rises significantly with Eckert number. As the Dufour and Schmidt numbers rise, so does the local Nusselt number. A greater thermophoresis parameter, enhanced skin friction, and an increased Schmidt number.

Thermo-hydraulic transport characteristics of non-Newtonian nanofluid flow through wavy channel: Influence of nanoparticle volume fraction and Prandtl number

The present study numerically investigates the thermal-hydraulic transport characteristics of non-Newtonian nanofluid flowing through the trapezoidal wavy channel. Constitutive behavior of non-Newtonian fluid was used to elucidate the power law model. The average Nusselt number, pressure drop, and performance factor are evaluated for varying volume concentration of nanoparticles (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.04) and Prandtl number (Pr = 0.76, 1, 6.39, 20, 50, and 100) at different values of Reynold number (Re = 50 and 500), power index values (n = 0.5, 1, 1.5) and wave phase shift (θ = 0°, 90°and 180°). An increase in average Nusselt number and pressure drop was observed for increasing volume concentration of nanoparticles, Prandtl number, and Reynold number. At the same time, the performance factor decreases with an increase in ϕ, Pr, and Re. The heat transfer rate was observed to be more for shear thinning fluids than shear thickening fluids.

Exploiting and Enhancing the Heat Transport Rate of MoS2-Ag/EO Hybrid Nanofluid Flow via a Stretching Cylinder using Extended Yamada-Ota and Xue Models.

The current model offers valuable insights for materials science, heat exchangers, renewable energy production, nanotechnology, manufacturing, medicinal treatments, and environmental engineering. The findings of this study have the potential to improve material design, increase heat transfer efficiency across various systems, enhance energy conversion processes, and drive advancements in nanotechnology, medicinal treatments, and engineering design. The goal of the current research is to analyze the effects of thermal radiation and the volume fraction of nanoparticles in MoS2-Ag/engine oil-based hybrid nanofluid flow passing through a cylinder. After performing a substantial similarity transformation, the nonlinear dimensionless framework is recast as ODEs. The Yamada-Ota and Xue models are then applied to the dimensionless equation setup, which is numerically solved using the BVP4C approach. The resulting velocity and temperature fields, corresponding to various parameters, are examined and compared across both models. This investigation demonstrates a significant variation in heat transfer rates between the Yamada-Ota and Xue models, with the former having a larger impact. The velocity and temperature fields decrease as the magnetic field parameter increases in both nanofluids. However, as the magnetic field parameter values grow, the velocity fields in the two nanofluids behave differently. The Yamada-Ota and Xue models are used to determine the behavior of the hybrid nanofluid flow over a nonlinear extended cylinder. In all situations, the velocity and temperature fields exhibit superior decay characteristics.

Computational micropolar model of hybrid nanofluid flow across a wedge

Non-Newtonian flow from wedges is a vital problem in coatings, polymer processing etc. Hence the main aim is to investigate the convective boundary layer flow of micropolar hybrid nanofluid (MHN)from a wedge. It is assumed that the wedge surface is isothermal. The Eringen model is employed to define micropolar fluid. Nanoscale Tiwari–Das formulations are used to study the specific effects of nanoparticles and volume fractions. The dimensionless boundary value problem arises by suitable coordinate transformations as a system of nonlinearly coupled ordinary differential equations. The so-called Falkner Skan flow case is resolved. Dimensionless, transformed, coupled momentum, microrotation, boundary layer equations are resolved using the numerical scheme MATLAB bvp4c. The parameteric investigations are performed on hybrid nanofluids using water as the basis liquid and varying volume fractions from 0 to 8%. Affirmation with previous work is done. The consequence of Eringen micropolar parameter, Hartree pressure gradient parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, Eckert number, heat absorption (sink) parameter, on the flow and physical characteristics are visualized graphically and in tables. With rising material factor and volume fraction of nanoparticle, temperature is markedly enhanced. Increases in volume fraction dampen angular velocity close to the wedge surface, while farther from the wall, the opposite effect is seen. Temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness are both greatly enhanced by increasing Eckert number. With an increase in the volume proportion of nanoparticles, velocity decreases. Heat generation raises temperatures while a heat sink lowers them. The pressure gradient parameter increases skin friction while decreasing Nusselt number. Nusselt number for hybrid nanofluid is higher than for nanofluid.