The free vibrational behavior of the multilayered magneto-viscoelastic nanostructure is analyzed in the present study. Smart plies and viscoelastic layers are used for the vibration control and energy dissipation of the multilayered nanobeam. The simply supported microstructure is located on a medium of Kerr-type. Magnetostrictive material is employed to represent the used smart materials under the constant feedback gain control system. A higher-order shear deformation theory and Hamilton’s principle are employed to describe the linear dynamic responses associated with the presented structure. Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic model is taken into account to deal with the viscoelastic material in the structure. The study outcomes are displayed tabularly and graphically with various exhaustive discussions to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the presented adaptive system.