Nanocatalyst Research Articles

Role of Nano Catalysts In Green Chemistry

Abstract This study explores the role of nano catalysts in enhancing catalytic performance through their unique properties and applications in sustainable chemistry. Nano catalysts, defined as materials operating at the nanometer scale, typically between 1 and 100 nanometers, exhibit significantly increased surface area and altered electronic properties, leading to improved reaction rates and efficiencies. The investigation highlights the critical properties of nano catalysts, such as their high surface area-to-volume ratio, controlled shapes, and tunable surface functionalities, which contribute to their effectiveness in various catalytic processes. Different types of nano catalysts, including metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and carbon-based nano materials, are examined for their distinct advantages and applications. Metal nanoparticles, like gold and platinum, offer enhanced catalytic activity due to their unique electronic behaviors, while metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide, provide stability in photocatalytic applications. Additionally, carbon-based nano materials, including carbon nanotubes and graphene, are recognized for their exceptional electrical conductivity and surface area, making them suitable for energy conversion and environmental remediation.

Enhancing the Removal Efficiency of Azo Dye Using Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Inorganic Nano Catalysts

Enhancing the Removal Efficiency of Azo Dye Using Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Inorganic Nano Catalysts

Uniformly dispersed bismuth metal nano catalyst modified carbon cloth electrode for iron-chromium flow battery

Uniformly dispersed bismuth metal nano catalyst modified carbon cloth electrode for iron-chromium flow battery

CuI/MnO2 nanocatalysed synthesis of bioactive 2-substituted benzimidazoles

This work focusses on the development and characterization of efficient CuI/MnO2 nano catalyst, characterized using XPS, XRD, EDAX, FTIR, FESEM, BET (surface area: 8.01 m2/g, a pore radius: 17.052 Å and a pore volume: 0.011 cm3/g) and TEM techniques. The reactivity of this catalyst was evaluated for the synthesis of biologically active 2-substituted benzimidazoles through condensation of o-phenylenediamine with benzaldehydes. The process features short reaction time, high TON (997.35), green conditions, high yield, easy work-up, good green metrices values such as low E-factor (0.17) and Process mass efficiency (PMI) (1.16) high Reaction mass efficiency (RME) value (91.2 %) and carbon efficiency (CE) (94 %) are good characteristics of the synthesized catalyst.

Synthesis of 3‐Acyl‐1‐Indenones by Oxidative Cyclization of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Aryldiynes Using Palladium Nanoparticles (Pd‐BNP) as Reusable Nano Catalyst

AbstractAn efficient, stable and reusable binaphthyl stabilized palladium nanoparticles (Pd‐BNP) catalyzed synthesis of 3‐acyl‐1‐indenone derivatives from oxidative cyclization of symmetrical and unsymmetrical aryldiynes using DMSO as a solvent as well as an oxidant has been established. The scope of the reaction has been studied with various aryldiynes having electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups that afforded good yields. Pd‐BNP catalyst can be recovered and reused for up to four cycles without major changes in particle size and reactivity.

Synthesis of novel Fe3O4@gly@Indole@CuNO3 magnetic nanoparticle as high-performance antibiotic absorbent, antimicrobial agent, and reusable magnetic Nano catalyst

The synthesis of nanoparticles has gained attention for their broad applications. Our research focused on developing a novel material, Fe3O4@gly@Indole (FGI), and exploring its diverse uses. FGI was synthesized in two steps using FeCl2.4H2O, FeCl3.6H2O, glycine, and indole-3-carboxaldehyde. Its structure was confirmed via FT-IR, XRD, VSM, SEM, TGA, and EDAX. Antimicrobial tests revealed FGI exhibited higher activity than some antibiotics, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 1µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. To enhance its properties, a magnetic nanocatalyst (FGICu) was synthesized by combining FGI with Cu(NO3)2. FGICu proved effective in synthesizing chromeno[4,3-b]chromen-6-one derivatives, achieving 95% yield in 20minutes at 50°C. Additionally, FGICu outperformed FGI in antibacterial tests, showing a lower MIC of 0.5µg/mL and stronger bactericidal activity (MBC of 2-8µg/mL). FGICu also demonstrated significant potential as an adsorbent, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 500.8mg/g for tetracycline (TC). The adsorption mechanism involved electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking, with the SIPS model best fitting the isotherm and pseudo-second-order model describing the kinetics. FGICu maintained over 70% efficiency after five adsorption cycles, showing excellent stability and reusability. These findings suggest FGICu is a promising material for antimicrobial applications and pollutant removal from wastewater.

An active and stable PrOx-modified open-straight pore (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3-δ-Sc0.18Zr0.82O2-δ air electrode for reversible solid oxide cells

Air electrode supported reversible solid oxide cells (RSOCs) have drawn increasing attention for the capability of fuel flexibility and well bonding between the air electrode and electrolyte. However, the high concentration polarization and sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) has significantly restricted the practical applications. Herein, finger-like (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3-δ-Sc0.18Zr0.82O2-δ (LSM98-SSZ) air electrode supported symmetrical and single cells are successfully fabricated by phase inversion tape-casting technology. The open-straight pores formed on the air electrode support can facilitate the gas transport and catalyst impregnation. The ORR/OER activity of LSM98-SSZ air electrode is largely increased with the introduction of impregnated PrOx nano catalyst, showing a low polarization resistance (Rp) of 0.06 Ω cm2 and great stability for 550 h at 700 °C. Furthermore, the LSM98-SSZ supported cell with PrOx modification shows a remarkable peak power density of 1.0 W cm−2 and electrolysis current density of 1.09 A cm−2 at 1.3 V at 750 °C. The enhanced performance is primarily ascribed to the facilitated oxygen surface exchange.

Strong metal-support interaction induced by oxygen vacancies to enhance the activity and durability of Pt/TiO2/ hollow carbon nanospheres ORR catalyst

For the commercial Pt-loaded carbon oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), carbon support corrosion, along with the migration and aggregation of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) due to the weak interaction between Pt NPs and carbon, leads to a drastic reduction in both electrocatalytic activity and stability. Hence, exploring active and steady supports is crucial to restrain the activity loss and stabilize Pt catalysts. In this work, a composite support consisting of hollow carbon nanospheres (HC) and TiO2 NPs with abundant oxygen vacancies (OV) loaded with Pt NPs (PTHC-H) was designed and synthesized. Experiment results show that PTHC-H exhibits superior activity and stability compared to PTHC-N (TiO2 with lower OV content) and commercial Pt/C catalyst. Specifically, PTHC-H delivers a half-wave potential of 0.883 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. And its mass activity and half-wave potential decrease by only 15.96 % and 7 mV, respectively, after 10,000 cycles of accelerated durability testing. The excellent activity and stability are ascribed to the enhanced metal-support interaction induced by OV, which can optimize the Pt d‐band center and suppresses the migration and aggregation of Pt NPs. This work may be favorable for designing efficient and durable anti-corrosion nano catalysts.

TiO2-ZnO based nano catalyst for biodiesel production: synthesis, characterisation, performance & emission study

Biodiesel (BD) production from bio-oil in the agriculture-based economy could minimise the energy dependency on fossil diesel (FD). Viscous properties and lower calorific value of BD restrict their direct application in the DE. These properties of BD can be enhanced by using advanced material (catalyst, adhesive etc) along with by modifying BD preparation processes. The present work deals with the synthesis and characterisation of nanocatalyst (TiO2-ZnO) and their application in BD production from waste cooking oil (WCO) via the transesterification process. Catalyst TiO2-ZnO was characterised by XRD, SEM and FTIR analysis. Catalyst TiO2-ZnO in a 4:1 mass ratio indicates the maximum BD yield. Maximum BD yield of 88% was noticed for molar methanol/WCO ratio – 1:1; catalyst dose – 2.5 g/l; reaction time – 120 min at reaction temperature -65°C respectively. The prepared BD was characterised by FTIR, GCMS, and HNMR analysis and compared their result with fossil diesel. Engine performance confirms that the 20% BD containing BM increases BSFC and EGT by 40 and 8.33% and decreases BTE by 14.26% in comparison with FD. But HC and CO emissions decreased by 50.27 and 57.44% respectively. While CO2 and O2 emissions are increased by 2.65 and 4.76% respectively. Highlights A maximum yield of 88% with TiO2-ZnO (4:1) mass ratio was obtained. BSFC and EGT increased by 40 and 8.33%. HC and CO emissions decreased by 50.27% and 57.44%.

Interfacial coupling of sandwich like Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 nano-heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rifampicin

The overuse of antibiotics and the release of these pharmaceuticals into the water system has emerged as a serious issue posing a life-threatening environment to aquatic species. In contrast to various contaminants, antibiotics are specifically engineered for durability and efficacy in the system of the human body (human health). Although this design ensures their performance, it also results in their extended longevity and resilience against degradation in natural contexts. These challenges can be addressed by an advanced oxidation process (AOP) utilizing ternary heterojunction nano catalysts (NCs). In this study, the NCs were synthesized through a combination of calcinated-assisted reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized NCs were characterized by using various analytical techniques. The enhanced charge separation and migration in Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 (ZZN) NCs results in 97.3 % degradation of rifampicin (RIF) within 80 min. ZZN NCs exhibit superior catalytic performance under visible light irradiation compared to its pristine Zn3V2O8, ZnO, NiCo2S4, and binary ZnO/NiCo2S4. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be primarily attributed to the synergetic effects among Zn3V2O8, ZnO, and NiCo2S4 facilitated by the cascade-driven charge transfer mechanism. The prominent reactive oxygen species that participated in photocatalytic degradation activity were found to be superoxide (O2•-) and hydroxide radicals (•OH) which were confirmed through ESR and quenching experiments. From the practical application perspective, ZZN NCs ternary heterostructure demonstrated excellent stability and durability after being recycled six times. This study serve as a vital reference for future investigation into the photocatalytic mechanism related to heterostructure NCs, highlighting their potential for eco-friendly methods to eliminate pollutants and paves a way for manufacturing innovation in near future.

Green Synthesis of Some 2‐Amino‐4 h‐Benzo[H]Chromene Derivatives in the Presence of Bimetallic Nanocomposite Based on Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles at Ambient Conditions

AbstractIn this research, some of 2‐amino‐4H‐benzo[h]chromene derivatives were synthesized by multicomponent reaction of 1‐naphthol, benzaldehyde derivatives and malononitrile. The reaction was performed under green conditions using water as the solvent in the presence of heterogeneous nano catalyst containing Co(II) and Cu(II) stabilized on magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles/tannic acid (M–MSN/TA/Co(II),Cu(II)) at room temperature. The prepared catalyst showed excellent efficiency and its magnetic properties allow easy separation. The structure and morphology of prepared catalyst was identified using Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating‐sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis. All of products were obtained in high to excellent yields (78–94 %) after short reaction times (20–45 min) in optimal conditions and their structures were confirmed using FT‐IR and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopic techniques. This study shows that the M–MSN/TA/Cu(II), Co(II) presents a good catalytic activity, reusability and stability compared to other catalysts.

Comparative Analysis of Biodiesel Produced from Blends of Palm Kernel Shell and Cocoa Pods Oils with Conventional Diesel Fuel: Characterizations, FTIR, GC-MS, XRD and SEM Analysis of the Nano Catalyst

The uncertainty of predicting the conditions of bio oils for the production of quality biofuels and reusability of catalyst, saving cost of production and time, make characterization of the oils/catalyst imperative. Characterization of bio oils, extracted from palm kernel shell and cocoa pods, the blends, catalyst and biodiesel produced therefrom is investigated. A maximum biodiesel yield of 76.05% was obtained at optimal conditions. Titanuim oxide used proved to be efficient catalyst for converting the oil blends to biodiesel. The established results obtained show kinematic viscosity of 5.65 – 7.78 mm2s-1 @ 40 oC, density of 0.8428 – 0.8642 kg/m3, cloud point of 4.48 – 6.48 oC, fire point of 108 – 150 oC, cetane index of 37.78 – 30.13, acid value of mg KOH/g, API gravity of 32.89 – 29, anicidine point of 50 – 46 oC etc. All the values fell within the recommended ASTM and EN standards. The GC-MS, XRD, EDX, SEM, and FTIR analyses carried out to evaluate the quality of the sample with respect to deterioration, gave an ester percentage of 99.9% for the bio-oil and biodiesel, which is within the minimum standard range of not less than 96.5% recommended. The GC-MS of the blended oil shows that the most prevalent fatty acids identified amongst 13 other distinct compounds were methyl linolenate, methyl palmitate, methyl oleate and methyl eicosadinoate with percentage concentrations of 63.03, 26.9, 8.1 and 2% respectively. The XRD analysis confirmed the titanium oxide anatase structure with a peak of 25.4 degrees. The SEM analysis shows high porosity with high specific surface area of the catalyst at magnification of 80 – 269μm; and the FTIR analysis revealed that the functional groups for the bio-oil and blended biodiesel were in range.

Sustainable production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using magnesium oxide nano catalyst: An optimization study

Biodiesel is rapidly becoming an efficient substitute for fuel and a potentially significant future renewable energy source. In recent years, used cooking oil has been used as a feedstock for biofuel to reduce production costs. Due to its high catalytic activity, low cost, and eco-friendliness, Nano magnesium oxide (MgO) has attracted attention as a catalyst for biodiesel production. Our work presents the preparation of nanomagnesium oxide (MgO) by the sol–gel method, and its characterization. Optimum conditions and the productive combination of waste cooking oil, methanol, and the synthesized nanocatalyst were predicted using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions were methanol to oil ratio of 7:1, temperature of 50 °C and time of 60 min. The expected values for the yield of biodiesel production responses are quite like the actual values, demonstrating the consistency of the models used for establishing a relationship between the independent process variables and the responses. The predicted model's F-value was 9.09 indicating that the model is significant. The model's pure error had a poor correlation, as the "Lack of Fit F-values” 4.16. The quadratic model fits the data well because the R-squared value for the model equation 92%. The expected values for the yield of biodiesel production responses are quite like the actual values, demonstrating the consistency of the models used for establishing a relationship between the independent process variables and the responses. Biodiesel was characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Study of Fe3O4 and Cu2+ doped modified Fe3O4 nano catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and eriochrome black-T dyes: Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial assessment

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of undoped Fe3O4 and 3% Cu-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a cost-effective and environmentally friendly co-precipitation method. A comprehensive suite of nanomaterial characterization techniques, including energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), was employed to confirm the elemental composition, structural parameters, and chemical states of the prepared materials. Additionally, fragmentation analysis using LC–MS illustrated the structural stability and breakdown of the nanoparticles under specific conditions. Both the materials were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) for investigating the magnetic, and surface characteristics respectively. Furthermore, the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their photocatalytic degradation efficiency towards methylene blue and eriochrome black T dyes. A systematic investigation of various parameters, including the pH of the dye solution, dye concentration over time, catalyst dose, dye concentration versus degradation, catalyst reusability, and kinetic study, was conducted to understand the factors influencing the photocatalytic activity of both undoped and Cu-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The LC-MS analysis predicted the probable degradation pathways of MB and EBT dyes. This work provides insights into the sustainable synthesis, comprehensive characterization, and practical application of Fe3O4-based nanoparticles for water treatment applications, highlighting their potential as efficient and environmentally benign Photocatalyst for wastewater remediation. An investigation was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial properties of both undoped and doped nanoparticles. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined against the bacterial strains E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. pyogenes, as well as the fungal strains C. albicans, A. niger, and A. clavatus.

Facile synthesis of novel acidic modified magnetic graphene oxide and its application in the green synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines

This study aimed to create an innovative acidic nano catalyst capable of producing pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines under environmentally friendly conditions. To achieve this objective, 1,3-benzenedisulfonyl amide (BDSA) was immobilized onto the surface of magnetic graphene oxide (GO/Fe3O4@PTRMS@BDSA@SO3H), and its surface was acidified using chlorosulfonic acid. The synthesized catalyst's structure was thoroughly examined and verified through various analyses, including FTIR, EDX, elemental mapping, FESEM, XRD, TGA, and DSC. This novel nano catalyst exhibited exceptional activity and selectivity in synthesizing pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives under solvent-free conditions, at low temperatures, and with high efficiency. Its catalytic effectiveness stemmed from features such as easy and eco-friendly synthesis methods, abundant accessible catalytic sites, a high surface area, remarkable selectivity, and facile separation from the reaction medium. Additionally, the catalyst proved to be cost-effective, safe, scalable, and reusable for up to four times.

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4@SiO2@APIDSO3H as a Novel and Efficient Magnetic Nanocatalyst in Pechmann Condensation

ABSTRACTFe3O4@APIDSO3H as a novel and magical magnetic nanocatalyst was designed, synthesized, and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy‐dispersive x‐ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The loading percentage of sulfonic acid on the magnetic nano catalyst was calculated using CHNS analysis. Then, the potential use of it was investigated for the synthesis of various coumarins by Pechmann condensation. The corresponding products were synthesized and isolated in 60%–99% yields. The catalyst was recycled and reused for four times without loss in catalytic activity.

The potentials of copper chromite nanoparticles on ammonium nitrate decomposition: Towards eco-friendly oxidizers for green solid propellants

Abstract Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is the universal oxidizer for solid propellants; AP combustion is accompanied with the release of white smoke (HCl). HCl has raised an environmental concern; it could cause acidic rain and deteriorate the fertile soil. Chlorine free and eco-friendly oxidizers are highly appreciated for green solid propellants. Ammonium nitrate (AN) could be the greener substitute for AP; yet AN expose low performance. Whereas AP demonstrated exothermic decomposition with the release of -733 J/g; AN demonstrated strong endothermic decomposition process of +1707 J/g. AN with strong endothermic decomposition process could render high burning rates. Copper chromite Nano catalyst of 45 nm was developed via hydrothermal synthesis. Copper chromite was integrated into AN matrix. Catalyzed AN demonstrated advanced exothermic decomposition enthalpy of -1492 J/g. Catalysed AN experienced diminish in activation energy by - 41.5 %, and – 40.6 % using Kissinger and Ozawa models respectively. Copper chromite NPs could secure novel catalytic effect via condensed phase reactions of chromium, and copper ions with nitrate ions (NO-3) to develop NOx gases. This catalytic effect can secure alternative pathway with low energy barrier. Consequently, catalysed AN can expose novel characteristics as a green eco-friendly oxidizer.

In-situ prepared co exsolution nano catalyst for efficient hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition

Active and durable catalytic material for ammonia (NH3) decomposition reaction is attracting attentions for utilization of NH3 as an innovative hydrogen carrier. In this study, diverse single metal and alloy nano catalysts are prepared via in-situ exsolution method and their NH3 decomposition properties are evaluated. Transition metal cations (Ni, Co, Fe ions) are doped into the La0.43Ca0.37MxNyTi1-(x+y)O3-δ (LCMNT) perovskite oxide structure and exsolved on its surface as supported nano particles under reduction condition. The maximum doping level and chemical composition of exsolution catalysts are investigated to optimize their NH3 decomposition activity. The exsolution catalyst demonstrates improved NH3 decomposition characteristics compared to conventionally prepared infiltration catalysts, indicating higher conversion efficiency and H2 production rate. The exsolved nano catalysts also exhibit great thermochemical stability against catalyst agglomeration or surface nitriding. The results obtained in this study suggest the potential utilization of exsolution catalysts for on-site production of H2 through NH3 decomposition catalysis.

Catalytic merits of Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4/f-MWCNTS–CS–Asp/Ni2+ for tailoring 1H-benzo [4,5] imidazo [1,2-b] [1,2,4]triazepine motifs through green domino strategy

The magnetic nano catalyst mediated synthesis of heterocycles is one of the most fascinating fields of chemistry due to its proven applicability in high-efficiency, eco-friendly and recyclable heterogeneous catalytic system. In order to design a novel Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4/f-MWCNTs–CS–Asp/Ni2+ magnetic heterogeneous catalyst, Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4-decorated multi walled CNTs were modified with crosslinked chitosan with l-aspartic acid entrapped Ni2+ nanoparticles. This nano catalyst showed significant catalytic activity in the synthesis of biologically potent novel seven membered heterocycles embracing fused 1H-benzo [4,5]imidazo [1,21,2-b][1,2,4]triazepine skeleton. Owing to its interesting structure and being an important pharmacophore fragment, it was endeavored to exploit its synthesis. For the first time considering an exquisite and accomplishable access to construct (Kaur et al., 2021; Jiang et al., 2006; Stern, 1980) [1,2,4]triazepine framework. In addition, the structures of synthesized heterocycles and morphology of nano catalyst were corroborated on the basis of various spectroscopical and microscopical techniques. Furthermore, employing ultrasonication as energy source in the synthesis of magnetic nano catalyst employing 3R's (reduce, recycle and reuse), mild reaction conditions with appreciable yield along with no consumption and production of hazardous chemicals put it under the umbrella of green and sustainable approach.

Investigation of structural, optical, and magnetic properties of NiFe2O4 for efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants through photo fenton reactions

Nowadays, water pollution generated from textile effluents is one of the major problems for the human race and ecology. Hence, development of sustainable strategies to lower the water pollution level has become a burning need. In this regard, the present study focuses on the preparation of nano catalyst NiFe2O4 to catalyze the chemical reactions on industrial organic dyes for their fast cleansing from water. By sol-gel auto-combustion technique, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and exposed to thermal process at temperatures of 400, 600, and 800 °C. Highly crystalline phase with spinel cubic structured NiFe2O4 was formed with a crystal size of 18.71 nm, which was confirmed by XRD analysis. The FTIR spectra showed two fundamental absorption bands in the range 597.80–412.59 cm−1, which are the characteristics of tetrahedral M − O and octahedral M − O bond in NiFe2O4. The surface morphology of calcined NiFe2O4 was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanoparticle size analyzer exhibited that the synthesized NiFe2O4 nanoparticles had an average particle size of ∼ 291.3 nm. Three stage decomposition patterns were observed for NiFe2O4, which was analyzed by a temperature programmed STA. Zeta potential analyzer showed that the synthesized sample S1 and S2 were stable in the dispersion medium. Also, NiFe2O4 exhibited optical band gap energies for direct band transitions within the visible spectrum measured to be 1.43–1.45 eV, rendering them effective as photocatalysts under sunlight. The samples showed magnetic measurements by VSM with saturation magnetization, coercivity, remnant magnetization value of 66.81 emu/g, 4.13 Oe and 12.94 emu/g, respectively. The synthesized photocatalyst, NiFe2O4, at 400 °C, significantly degraded three toxic organic pollutants—Methylene blue, Rhodamine B, and Congo Red—under visible light through ‘Photo-Fenton’ reaction mechanisms. Among the three dyes, Methylene Blue exhibited the highest degradation percentage with a rate constant of 0.0149 min−1 and followed pseudo-first-order kinetic model.