Translation Of Names Research Articles

Román intézménynevek magyarítása Erdélyben

The study examines the translation methods used in the translation of institutional names and their common language use within the context of Hungarian-Romanian bilingualism in Transylvania, noting the language planning tasks that arise from minority status and the results of corpus design so far. The presented translation and language use phenomena emphasize that translating institutional names in minority status is a task for (professional) translation, terminology, and language planning. Within translation, it presupposes practical skills and a high level of bilingualism. In the technical and terminological context, the translation of the name of an institution presupposes an adequate knowledge of the individual fields and languages, in the absence of which unprofessional and ambiguous translations may be created. As a language planning problem, it primarily concerns corpus planning and presupposes the expansion of language rights related to status planning and expanding the scope of using vernacular languages.

Alkalmazott névtan

As an introduction, the study discusses the state of applied linguistics and applied onomastics, their connections with each other, and other disciplines. First, the concept of applied onomastics is approached from the perspective of applied linguistics and onomastic studies. It then examines the appearance and presence of applied onomastics in the scientific arena and the literature, the framework and forums of the discipline in Hungary, including the conference series Applied Onomastics (formerly: Onomastics and Terminology) held annually since 2012. Next, the study emphasizes the possible connections of selected onomastic phenomena and problems and then describes the characteristic subjects of applied onomastics, offering examples of recent Hungarian results. Questions touched upon include: name planning, name policies, names and officiality; translation of proper names; names and lexicography; names and orthography; onomastics in education; dissemination of onomastic knowledge; onomastics and informatics; onomastics and terminology; onomastics and marketing, branding.

„Idegen szülöttet [...] csempész a családi név alá”

The study formulates hypotheses for a more extensive historical examination of the connections and relations of names and translation within the Hungarian cultural heritage. It highlights that literary and non-literary (that is, of other types of texts) translation practices are more closely related than previously suggested by the cultural sciences of the 20th century. This is supported by the practices, strategies, and versions of Hungarian literary and non-literary translations, although the context of a literary work often puts a special emphasis on the name (proper names) and in some cases encourages methods that are rare or unusual in non-literary texts. In this case, however, it is not the translation orthe translator that acts differently, but the name, because the relationship between text (work of art) and language is different in literature than in other cultural texts, and the translation seeks to maintain and mediate this relationship. Hungarian literary studies have not dealt extensively with the issues of name translation. However, the concept and phenomenon of names has played and continues to play a significant role in thinking about literary translation (in theories of literary translation). This is illustrated, for example, by how practical experiences with translating names, like the “translation” (Magyarization) of names and costumes in plays, encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between translation and identity beginning in the 19th century (through the metaphor of a name as clothing). In addition, the highly metaphorical language of translation studies was deeply influenced by autonomasia (Hungarian Shakespeare, Hungarian Molière etc.), which played a significant role in depicting the elusive relationship between original and translation, author and translator.

Developing Culturally Effective Strategies for Chinese to English Geotourism Translation by Corpus-Based Interdisciplinary Translation Analysis

As a new field of translation with its own special genre, geotourism has not yet been firmly established because geotourism translations are currently not of a sufficient professional standard. This situation does not provide geotourists with the genre’s full target of enjoyment, learning and engagement through science popularisation tourism activities. In order to better meet these three definitive purposes in geotourism, this study analyses the three basic categories of geotourism—geological features (GFs), geological processes (GPs) and cultural elements (CEs)—to determine effective strategies of geotourism translation from Chinese into English. Challenges in translation include scientific jargon, language style and cultural gaps. In this article, the advantages of Hu’s Eco-translatology theory are explained and used for minimising translation problems; and the corpus linguistics method, superior for quantitative and qualitative analysis, is utilised. As well, digital auxiliary tools Tmxmall (2014) and Sketch Engine (2003) were employed to facilitate corpus research. Through analysis, effective strategies in each of the key geotourism categories, GFs, GPs and CEs, were identified, shaped and recommended for future translators’ attention. In the results, literal translation, transliteration and free translation, addition and use of official UNESCO names were recommended to render GFs. Division and shift translation, literal translation and shift and division were recommended for GPs. Literal translation, transliteration and free translation and addition were recommended for CEs. Since this is an initial investigation in the genre of geotourism, this study has attempted to build a model platform for future study and wider research in geotourism translation and translation pedagogy for the improvement of geotourism translation quality.

On the Prescription Translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an essential legacy of Chinese culture, which makes a great contribution to China and the world's medical fields. To make it accepted by more people from different countries, the translation of TCM becomes important. As an important branch of TCM, the study of prescription promotes the development of TCM, and its translation is also significant. However, there are various problems in TCM prescription translation and there are few standards in TCM translation. Thus, this research uses Christiane Nord's "Functionality plus Loyalty" Translation Theory to analyze the TCM prescription translation. Based on characteristics of prescription formation, the paper applies Christiane Nord's "Functionality plus Loyalty" theory to TCM prescription translation. It draws a conclusion that TCM prescription translation can be done according to "Functionality plus Loyalty" theory, and there are three ways of prescription names translation. They are literal translation, free translation and transliteration.

Translation of Infectious Disease Names in Spanish Bibles in the Context of the Ongoing COVID-19

번역이란 단순히 언어적 치환이라는 간단한 작업이 아닌 언어적, 사회문화적, 역사적 맥락을 고려해야 하는 복잡한 과정의 산물이다. 이런 의미에서 본 논문에서는 스페인어 성경 속의 감염병명 번역에 대해 고찰하였다. 연구 방법으로는 역동적 등가가 사용된 Reina-Valera 1960과 La Biblia de las Américas, 그리고 형식적 등가가 사용된 Dios Habla Hoy와 Traducción en Lenguaje Actual, 총 네 개의 역본을 선택하였고, 감염병, 백선, 임질, 한센병 그리고 이질 다섯 개의 감염병명이 어떻게 번역되었는지 살펴보았다. 또한 성경 본문 속에서 본감염병명을 번역하기 위해 사용된 기술에 대해 고찰하고 언어학적과 병리학적 관점을 접목하여 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 형식적 등가가 사용된 성경에서는 기술적으로 매우 간단한 공식 등가어와 번역 차용이 사용된 반면역동적 등가에서 사용된 성경에서는 문화 순응어, 생략, 일반화, 특정화 등 다양한 기술이 사용된 것을 확인할 수있었다. 이를 통해 각 등가가 지닌 특징에 대해서 간략히 서술하였고 동시에 다양한 문화적, 역사적 맥락에 대해서도 함께 고찰하였다. 향후 연구에서는 중재, 즉 메타커뮤티케이션 기술에 의거해 역본의 개정판을 상호 비교할 수 있고 감염병 이외의 연구로 확장할 필요성이 있다. 또한 스페인어 성경 번역에 대한 연구가 미미한 상황인데 이를 보완하여 향후연구에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 본다.Translation is not a simple process of verbal transfer between two or more languages, but itrequires possessing both linguistic competence and sociocultural and historical knowledge. Accordingly, in this research we studied some features about translation into Spanish of infectiousdisease names. We selected two Bibles based on formal equivalence: Reina-Valera 1960 and La Biblia de lasAméricas; and other two Bibles based on dynamic equivalence: Dios Habla Hoy and Traducción enLenguaje Actual. The infectious disease names that we analyzed are infectious disease, ringworm,gonorrhea, leprosy, and dysentery. In addition, we considered about the use of translation techniquesused to translate this pathological nomenclature. On the other hand, we made some brief commentsfrom the pathological and linguistic point of view. According to the results of the analysis, for the translation of the pathological names in the Biblesof formal equivalence, estableshed equivalent and calque were used, while in those of dynamicequivalence, adaptation, elision, generalization, particularization, etc., which means that dynamicequivalence allows greater variety of translation techniques than formal equivalence. Aside fromtranslation analysis, we refleted on the difference between the two equivalences and we consideredabout the importance of the cultural and historical aspects in translation. In other research, we may carry out mediation competency-based studies to compare the differentbiblical editions in Spanish. On the other hand, we can extend to other research based on otherdiseases. Aware that there are not several investigations on the Bible in Spanish in Korea; we canapply this study for this kind of investigations.

Analysis of Sound Translation of Indonesian Names in The Chinese Newspaper “Indonesian Daily” (Yinni Xingzhou Ribao)

In the process of learning Mandarin, Indonesian names are often found transliterated into Mandarin. In this research, the writer will discuss about Indonesian names which are transliterated into Mandarin. This study will discuss the classification of the translation of the sounds of Indonesian names and the findings in translating the sounds of Indonesian names into Chinese which are presented in the Chinese newspaper "Harian Indonesia". This study used descriptive qualitative method. Qualitative descriptive method is used to describe the rules in translating the sounds of Indonesian names along with their groupings. This research also uses literature review techniquesto collect data. From this study, the results of the analysis regarding the grouping of Indonesian names and the rules in translating the sound of Indonesian names in the Mandarin newspaper "Harian Indonesia" were obtained. With the research that the author did, it is hoped that it can help Indonesian students who study Mandarin in understanding and increasing knowledge of the translation of the sounds of Indonesian names in Mandarin and the classification of the translation of the sounds of Indonesian names.

The translation evaluation of google translation

Machine translation (MT) offers great assistantship when people have difficulties in understanding or comprehend text of their non-native language both in spoken and written language. One kind of machine translation is Google Translation that can be got on their hand just by using mobile phone. This machine can help people to translate the text from one language to another one, in short time. This study aims at finding out the translation procedures found in the translation product by Google Translation and analyzing the errors occurred in Google Translation product.
 The data of this study are in the form of written data taken from a bilingual children story book of archipelago legend, which consists of 100 lines. There is a source language text in Bahasa Indonesia which is translated into English by using Google translation. The texts are chosen as it contains several sentences that are constructed by paying attention on the rhyme of ending sounds. The data of this study were analyzed through qualitative method. The translation results were analyzed based on translation procedures proposed by Vinay and Dalbernet (1989).
 Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that translation procedures used by Google Translation found in the data source are borrowing, calque, literal, transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation. The most dominant type of translation procedure is literal translation. It has the highest frequency data; with a total of 50 data (50 %). Some errors are found in the result of Google translation. They are the errors in the use of pronoun, the use of plural and singular noun and inconsistency in the translation of name. Those errors are caused by limitation of machine in detecting the context of the text. Thus, the translated text is incoherent.

ITIS and the Global Taxonomic Backbone

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) provides a regularly updated, global database that currently contains over 868,000 scientific names and their hierarchy. The program exists to communicate a comprehensive taxonomy of global species across 7 kingdoms that enables biodiversity information to be discovered, indexed, and connected across all human endeavors. ITIS partners with taxonomists and experts across the world to assemble scientific names and their taxonomic relationships, and then distributes that data through publicly available software. A single taxon may be represented by multiple scientific names, so ITIS makes it a priority to provide synonymy. Linking valid or accepted names with their subjective and objective synonyms is a key component of name translation and increases the precision of searches and organization of information. ITIS and its partner Species2000 create the Catalogue of Life (CoL) checklist that provides quality scientific name data for over 2.2M species. The CoL is the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) taxonomic backbone. Providing automated open access to complete, current, literature-referenced, and expert-validated taxonomic information enables biological data management systems, and is elemental to enhancing the utility of the amassed scientific data across the world. Fully leveraging this information for the public good is crucial for empowering the global digital society to confront the most pressing social and environmental challenges.

A Study on English-Chinese Translation of Brand Names from the Perspective of Memetics-Taking Perfume Brand Names as an Example

With the development of world trade, the exchanges of domestic and foreign commodities are becoming frequent. To make customers know more products and promote sales, the translation of brand names is inevitable. Brand names can be accepted by consumers only after accurate and appropriate translations, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting products and establishing images. This essay takes the memetic theory as a guide, and analyses the translation of perfume brand names from the perspective of pragmatic equivalence. By using equivalent substitution strategy and homophonic allusion strategy to analyze the practical examples of E-C translation of perfume brand names, and then summary the feasibility and usability of E-C translation of brand names under the theory of memetics.

Issues in Arabic video game localization: A descriptive study

Because Arabic video game localization is a relatively new area of study, little in-depth research has been done on the topic within Arabic translation studies. The few articles that address video game localization in Arabic remain limited, either due to examining a single video game and its various localization issues, or examining various games but considering the transfer of their linguistic assets only. This paper aims to address the existing gaps in Arabic video game localization studies by delving into multiple video games localized into Arabic, and analysing the technical, linguistic, and cultural issues found within them. Technical issues are related to the Arabic script, video game variables, and subtitling conventions. Linguistic issues, on the other hand, include Arabic video game terminology and acronyms as well as the translation of proper names and NPCs’ titles into Arabic. Lastly, the paper discusses cultural challenges that arise when localizing video games into Arabic, such as how to navigate nudity, profanity, and alcohol. The paper concludes by calling for more research into the area of video game localization. Such research should not only flag linguistic, cultural, and technical issues but also establish a body of literature that would help practitioners and video game developers provide a more authentic, unique gaming experience for Arab gamers.

Problematiche traduttive dei nomi in “novelle per un anno”

This study deals with the linguistic analysis of some translation problems in the short story collection Novelle per un anno by the author Luigi Pirandello, translated into Arabic by the Libyan linguist Khalifa Tillisi. The aim of the thesis is to highlight the lexical linguistic difficulties encountered and the translation procedures used in the translation, from Italian into Arabic, by the translator during the translation process, trying to find more suitable and convenient alternatives. The research is divided into introduction, chapter and conclusion. In the introduction I will deal with the concept of semantics and its importance in translation, especially the literary one. Then in the research itself I will throw light on the semantic problems concerning the translation of the names manifested in the Arabic version. Then, in the conclusion, the results of the research will be presented. I hope with this study that I can contributed at least in part to clarify to the reader of translations what must be taken into account in order to avoid the translation problems encountered in the translation of names in a certain context.

Assessing legal terminological variation in institutional translation

Abstract This paper presents the main findings of a study on the translation of national court names in United Nations texts as an illustrative group of culture-bound terms. It focuses on documents produced as part of several mandatory compliance monitoring procedures in the field of human rights. The study is part of a broader project on legal translation in international organisations (LETRINT), which considers terminological consistency and adequacy as indicators of translation quality, and examines the impact of legal asymmetry on both dimensions. To shed light on the first of these indicators, a comprehensive analysis of intertextual and intratextual variations of English-Spanish and French-Spanish translations of thirty terms was conducted. Over five thousand bi- and trilingual segments, extracted from three ad-hoc multilingual and parallel corpora, were examined. They cover the period between 2000 and 2017, and refer to six legal systems. At the intertextual level, the results corroborate that legal asymmetry has a significant impact on translation decision-making, while the assessment of intratextual variation points to a link between source text length, documental series and the degree of terminological consistency.

TRANSLATION OF PROPER NAMES FROM KAZAKH INTO ENGLISH (IN THE CASE OF TURKISTAN BY M. JUMABAYEV): LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS

The article is the first to consider the translation of proper names used in M. Zhumabaev's poem Turkestan from Kazakh into English from the point of view of the principles of forenization and domestication. This famous work of the poet, which describes the whole essence of the Turkic peoples, is saturated with historical and culturally distinct anthroponyms and toponyms. The analytical part examines the question of how this information was reflected in the target language, how much the calorie was adopted or preserved. In general, the translation of proper names from Kazakh into English is one of the branches of domestic translation studies that needs scientific substantiation and research development.

Translation Approaches in Rendering Names of Tourist Sites

This article identifies the translation approaches adopted in the translation of names of tourist sites in China and examines how ‘fame’ and ‘popularity’ may influence these approaches. Upon analyzing a corpus of scenic site names, it is found that ‘pure phonetic’, ‘phonetic (name) + semantic (class)’, ‘pure semantic’, and ‘phonetic (location) + semantic (name) are the four major patterns in the translations of site names. On the whole, the data shows that phonetic translation is dominant over semantic translation. Meanwhile, ‘fame’ and ‘popularity’ have great impact on the translated names of scenic sites. The findings also suggest that a phonetic translation approach is preferred in rendering names of world-famous sites whereas a semantic translation approach is more frequently used for the name translation of sites located in places with higher popularity. The conflicting results reflect China’s struggle between preserving its cultural flavor for the sake of national identity and catering to foreign visitors for the benefit of the country’s tourism development.

POLITICAL CHANGING FOR PRIME MINISTER OF JAPAN

The prime minister of Japan (日本国内閣総理大臣, Nihon-koku naikaku sōridaijin, or shushō (首相)) (informally referred to as the PMOJ) is head of the government of Japan, the chief executive of the National Cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Japan; he is appointed by the emperor of Japan after being designated by the National Diet and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office. He is the head of the Cabinet and appoints and dismisses the other ministers of state. The literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Minister for the Comprehensive Administration of (or the Presidency over) the Cabinet. The current prime minister of Japan is Yoshihide Suga. On 14 September 2020, he was elected to the presidency of the governing Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). After being confirmed in the Diet, he received an invitation from Emperor Naruhito to form a government as the new prime minister, and took office on 16 September 2020. Japan's parliament has elected Yoshihide Suga as the country's new prime minister, following the surprise resignation of Shinzo Abe. After winning the leadership of the governing party earlier this week, Wednesday's vote confirms the former chief cabinet secretary's new position. It happened because the needed of political interest for Japan.

Memetics: A Practical Translation Theory in Business Environment-Take Safeguard as an Example

Brand name translation plays an important role in foreign trade. From the perspective of memetics, this paper analyzes the sales and popularity of Luxury and Safeguard in China, discusses the persistence of Memetics and the cross-language transmission of brand memes, which is helpful for translators to translate authentic brand names, so as to speed up the reproduction and dissemination of brand names, increase the probability of becoming a strong meme, and enhance the international popularity of brands.

ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ЛЕКСИЧНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ ЗАГОЛОВКІВ НАУКОВИХ ПРАЦЬ

The article deals with the problem of researching translation of scientific paper titles, which includes consideration of the title as a specific type of concise text and translation of scientific and technical terminology. Both aspects are relevant at the time of rapidly increasing information flows and the development of various technologies and scientific challenges. The main sources of typical translation problems are incorrect reproduction of ambiguous common vocabulary, abbreviations, "false friends of the translator", paronyms, pseudo-internationalisms, foreign words and terms, various proper names and titles. Problems of translating titles are studied in a number of linguistic works. S. Barkhudarov, G. A Weikhman, O. M. Kovalenko, D. Bieber, and others made a significant contribution to the development of the problem. But, in our opinion, there are still unresolved issues, in particular, one of them - lexical problems of title translation and means of overcoming them. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the means of translation of scientific vocabulary in the titles in order to establish their expediency or inexpediency. The main translation techniques for lexical items are calquing, addition, omission, concretization, generalization and compensation. It can be noted that this type of translation of names requires not only linguistic, but also scientific and technical, and journalistic knowledge. Knowledge and correct use of the above translation methods will help to avoid incorrect transmission of English vocabulary in the Ukrainian language, as well as distortion of the logical content. The translation of the titles of English popular science articles is a complex but interesting process, which, in principle, is a careful work on many lexical and grammatical difficulties. The title, like a mirror, reflects all the difficulties of translating English text.

Перевод фольклорных и мифологических наименований при моделировании волшебной картины мира в произведениях фэнтези (на материале серии романов Д. К. Роулинг «Гарри Поттер» и их переводов на русский язык)

The research focuses on fantasy literature peculiarities and points out the difficulties of translating the texts of such genre. The comparative analysis of folklore and mythical names translation is implemented as illustrated by two variants of translation of the literary work.

Translation of Names in Consumer-oriented Texts: In-flight Magazines Articles as a Case Study

This study aims to explore and investigate the procedures that are currently used in translating proper nouns within the area of consumer-oriented texts. The paper contributes to the development of the understanding of translation involving the English-Arabic language pair, with a particular look at differences in their cultural elements in a selection of articles that are taken from in-flight magazines of Gulf region airlines. Vermeer’s model of translation operations for rendering proper names (2003) is adopted to this study while the data is arranged according to Newmark’s categorization of proper names (1988). Findings show that substitution/transliteration is the most frequent translation procedure in the translation of proper names in consumer-oriented texts.