Nail-biting Habits Research Articles

Parent-perceived oral habits among a group of school children: prevalence and predictors

PurposePracticing oral habits beyond the normal age range is assumed to be due to underlying psychological disturbance and could result in a deformation of the orofacial structure. The first step in managing such a health condition is to evaluate its size. Thus, this study aimed primarily to assess the prevalence of oral habits among a group of school children aged from 5 to 7 years, in Cairo, Egypt. The secondary aim of the study was to investigate some possible related predictors along with the mother’s perception of the child’s oral health-related quality of life.MethodsA Google form questionnaire was designed, utilizing the third domain of Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S), to assess the presence or absence of oral habits and their types, if reported. Also, there were two global rating items to test the child’s oral health-related quality of life from the mother’s prospection, along with one item to inquire if the mother thinks that the oral habits are harmful to the child. A total number of 23 schools in Cairo, Egypt were randomly selected, and the link to the Google form was distributed through the parent’s groups on social media. All high-quality complete responses were analyzed using the SPSS program, and a Log-binomial regression model was constructed, to determine the significant predictors of practicing oral habits in children.ResultsAmong the analyzed 1128 responses, the total number of answers to the third domain of interview part of NOT-S was 1235, with a response rate of (60.39%), no habits were reported in 635 children (51.4%), while nail biting was noted in 21.8%, bruxism in 17.9% and Sucking habits in 8.9%. In total, 63.8% of children who were reported by their parents to be the “only child” didn’t practice any habit, and a higher prevalence of oral habits was detected in children with siblings. There was no detectable association between the mother’s educational level and practicing any of the habits, although there was an association between the mother’s educational level and their awareness of the harmful effect of oral habits on the child. The mothers’ answers to the global rating items were not associated with any of the oral habits.ConclusionThe most prevalent oral habit in the current study was the nail-biting habit. The presence of other siblings and the number of siblings were contributory factors in the occurrence of oral habits, while mothers’ educational level was not associated with practicing oral habits. The mothers’ awareness of the harmful effect of oral habits on the children was not satisfactory, and there was no association between oral health-related quality of life and the children’s oral habits, from the mothers’ perspective.

Ceramic veneers failure: a repair and reintervention clinical report

Introduction and Objective: Although the use of ceramic veneers is widespread, their failures are seldom reported. When fractures do occur, they are often related to treatment planning. This case report describes a 6.5-year follow-up of a restorative treatment involving ceramic laminate veneers on a patient with a nail-biting habit. Case report: After two restorations failed, repair with composite resin was chosen as an intermediary treatment, and the clinical steps until the ultimate replacement of the ceramics are described. Results and Conclusion: The repair resulted in postponing the restorations replacement for almost five years. It highlights that replacement does not need to be the first treatment option in cases of failures of feldspar ceramic laminate veneers. These failures may be managed conservatively with a composite resin repair, with the advantage of postponing the need for replacement.

The risk of DIY dental practices- a look at self-inserted objects in teeth

When patients receive root canal therapy and have their canals left open for drainage, finding foreign items in the pulp chamber or root canal is not uncommon. Concluding the nature, location, and difficulty of retrieving the foreign body require a thorough patient history, clinical examination, and radiographic inspection. Children are more likely to experience this kind of incident since they frequently put strange things in their mouths. The foreign objects could potentially cause an infection, which could then result in a painful condition. This unique example of a metallic pin and several nail fragments extracted from a patient's root canal who had a nail-biting habit is reported.

Prognostic Factors for Successful Dental Treatment in Autistic Children and Adolescents.

The aim of this study was to recognize and assess the prognostic factors which could predict the level of cooperation of children with autism for dental appointments. A total of 395 parents of children with autism participated in this study. Prognostic factors of cooperation were evaluated using questionnaires. Data were collected using parent surveys by a dentist. Statistical analyses used in the present study include the formation one way and two-way frequency tables, binomial tests, Pearson's Chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact test, and collation of multiple proportions tests. Autistic children meeting their own needs, cooperation for nail-clipping and haircuts, smiling frequently, using toothbrushes and toothpaste and being assisted by parents for toothbrushing, and children who brushed their teeth once a day were more cooperative with the dentist. Children who had thumb-sucking and nail-biting habits were cooperative with the dentist. Children who bit their hands appeared to be more cooperative with the dentist when compared to other self-inflicting habits. This study identified "prognostic factors" such as their cooperative ability during nail clipping, hair cutting, and ability to read, write, and meet their own needs that are answered by a parent and that may show a child's cooperative potential. Chamarthi VR, Arangannal P. Prognostic Factors for Successful Dental Treatment in Autistic Children and Adolescents. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S45-S50.

Association between children's resilience and practising oral habits: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction While resilience is the quality of being buffered against stressors, practising oral habits is suggested to be a maladaptive behaviour towards stressors. The relation between resilience and practising oral habits in children remains vague.Aims This study aims to investigate the association between practising oral habits and resilience in children aged 5-7 years.Materials and methods An electronic Google form questionnaire was distributed through social media among five schools' children's parents, utilising the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised Person Most Knowledgeable version (PMK-CYRM-R) scale as a resilience assessment tool, and the third domain of interview part of the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S) as a habit assessment tool. The questionnaire received 227 eligible responses which were divided into habit-free group (123; 54.19%) and habit-practising group (104; 45.81%). The third domain of the interview part of the NOT-S included sucking habit, bruxism and nail-biting habits. The mean PMK-CYRM-R scores were calculated for each group and statistical analysis was done using SPSS Statistics package.Results Total PMK-CYRM-R score was 46.05 ± 3.63 in the habit-free group and 44.10 ± 3.59 in the habit-practising group (p = 0.0001). Bruxism, nail-biting and sucking habit subgroups showed statistically significant lower personal resilience levels than the habit-free group.Conclusion The results of the current study suggest that children with low resilience levels may be more likely to practise oral habits.

Association of Socio-Demographics with Oral Para Functional Habits

Objective: To find the association of sociodemographic factors with oral parafunctional habits. Methodology: A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore over a period of 5 months from July to November 2021. Data was collected using medical questionnaire and ten item personality inventory scale (TIPI). Results: The association of nail biting with gender (p=0.315), marital status (p=0.653), occupation (p=0.137) and education level (p=0.081) was not significant. Similar was the case for teeth grinding and gender (p=0.223), marital status (p=0.927), occupation (p=0.711) and education level (p=0.197). The association of teeth clenching habit with gender (p=0.174), marital status (p=1.000), occupation (p=0.349) and education level (p=0.362) was not significant. The association of the parafunctional habits of biting hard objects and chewing gum with sociodemographic factors was also not significant. Conclusion: It was seen that the majority of females, unmarried, unemployed individuals and those with tertiary level of education reported to have the habit of nail biting, teeth grinding and teeth clenching, biting on hard objects and chewing gum. Keywords: sociodemographic factors, nail biting, teeth clenching, teeth grinding, lip biting

Prevalence of sleep bruxism and associated factors in Tanta preschool children

Introduction Bruxism is a common condition in the pediatric dentistry clinics; it is reported more frequently in children than in adults and has different effects on a person's quality of life. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep bruxism and associated factors among 4–6-year-old preschool children of Tanta city. Patients and methods The work was cross-sectional observational design. The sample consisted of 1000 children aged 4–6-year-old in public and private kindergarten of Tanta city. Data were collected through parents/guardians-based questionnaire and clinical inspection of participating children that was done by the same inspector. Results The results of the work revealed that the prevalence of sleep bruxism among the sample children was 17.6%. There were significant differences regarding family history of sleep bruxism, presence of newborn and gastrointestinal disorders. A relationship between bruxism and nail/tongue biting, mouth breathing and sleep with hand on face was found in addition to TMJ disorders. Also, by doing regression test analysis gastrointestinal disorders, family history of sleep bruxism and molar relation as distal relation was found to be the most affecting variable to bruxism. Conclusions The prevalence of sleep bruxism among the study sample of preschool children was 17.6%. There was no significant difference between sex, age, and bruxism, but there was a significant relationship between the presences of newborn, gastrointestinal disorder, and bruxism. The feeding way either normal or artificial had no relation to sleep bruxism. There was a relationship between sleep bruxism and nail-biting habit, mouth breathing, tongue biting, and sleep with a hand on the face. There was no significant correlation between bruxism and occlusion except with molar relation. TMD had significant correlation with bruxism.

Successful Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Mucocele in Pediatric Patients

Introduction: Oral mucocele is a benign lesion affecting the minor salivary glands and ducts. There are two types of mucous cyst, extravasation cyst and retention cyst. Extravasation mucoceles are more commonly seen in children and adolescence, caused by local trauma to the duct, most likely occur on lower lip. Treatment options include surgical excision, laser therapy, cryosurgery, or electrocautery. This case report describes an oral mucocele on children diagnosed and treated successfully. Case Reports: An 11-years old girl with chief complaint of painless swelling on lower lip in the past 6 months prior and gradually got bigger. Based on the clinical features, history of lip and nail-biting, calculus present at upper and lower teeth, and histopathological lab results established the diagnosis of mucocele. Discussion: Mucocele is commonly seen in the area which minor salivary glands are found. Lip and nail-biting causing destruction of the excretory duct which causes mucus to escape into adjacent tissues, followed by formation of granuloma and a pseudo-capsule. The excision of the mucocele using electrocauter eliminates the tissue scarring, the wound is nearly painless and more precision application. Education and motivation are required to prevent the patient from continuing this habit. Conclusion: One of the typical salivary gland lesions in the oral cavity is mucocele. Use of electrocauter is known to be beneficial for wound healing. Improving the lip and nail-biting habit will also reduce the recurrence of mucoceles.

Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasitosis among Private School-Going Pupils of Dharan Submetropolitan City, Nepal

Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections are most common and prevalent among children and accounts for great morbidity and mortality. Objective This research is aimed at studying the prevalence and related risk factors of parasitic infections among private school-going pupils of Dharan Submetropolitan City. Methods and Materials This was a cross-sectional laboratory-based study conducted from 13 November 2018 to 26 February 2019 among 400 private school pupils. The stool samples were collected and microscopically examined for parasites using the formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. Data Analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 16.0. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to establish association between dependent and independent variables. The association was also determined using crude and adjusted odds ratio, and the test considered a P value < 0.05 as statistically significant with 95% confidence interval. Result In this study, 46 (11.5%) children were positive for intestinal parasites. In this study, 3 protozoans (Entamoeba histolytica = 3 (0.75%)) and 43 helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides = 22 (5.5%); Enterobiusvermicularis = 6 (1.5%); Ancylostoma duodenale = 2 (0.5%); and Trichuris trichiura = 13 (3.25%)) were isolated and identified. Statistically, significant difference in the parasitic prevalence with respect to age and gender was not seen (P > 0.05). However, the prevalence of parasitic infection was strongly associated with the ethnicity of the pupils (P = 0.001). The strong associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections were nail-biting habit, source of drinking water, biannual deworming, thumb-sucking, hand sanitation before having food and after toilet, knowledge of parents on parasitosis, health and sanitation, keeping cat/dog as pet, and wearing protective shoes during play (P = 0.001). Bowel syndromes like abdominal cramp and constipation also had a strong statistical association (P = 0.001) with the prevalence of parasitic infection. According to binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses, the parents without awareness, pupils with a nail-biting habit, pupils not wearing shoes during play, lack of deworming, drinking direct tap water, and pupils with poor hand sanitation were more likely to be infested with intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusion This study concludes that intestinal parasites are still prevalent among private school-going pupils of Dharan Submetropolitan City. The poor sanitation and sanitary habits like biting nails, consumption of untreated drinking water, and failure to practice proper hand washing were studied as contributors to the acquisition of intestinal parasitic infections. Therefore, integration of control measures such as provision of clean and safe drinking water, improved sanitation and hygiene, with biannual administration of drugs are necessary for effective eradication of parasitic infections.

Prevalence of deleterious oral habits in school going children in Bagalkot region of Karnataka

Oral habits, especially if they persist beyond the preschool age, have been implicated as an important environmental etiological factor associated with the development of malocclusion. This study included 2719 children in age group of 11-14 years in school going children in Bagalkot region of Karnataka. This study aims to find the prevalence of habits, malocclusion and their association with the socio- economic status. The children were examined in the schools and the presence or absence of the thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, nail biting and mouth breathing habit were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. On clinical examination it shows Prevalence of Habits of 44.9% with 5.5% of thumb sucking, 31.7% tongue thrusting, 7.3%mouthbreathing and 19.1% nail biting. It is concluded that the prevalence of malocclusion is high showing 51.1% and showing no significant difference in rural and urban areas. prevalence of Oral habits is high showing 44.9%, showing predominantly tongue thrusting and nail biting habits. Oral habits are seen more in rural area compared to the urban area as they belong to different socioeconomic status. Tongue thrusting which is showing statistically significant relationship is more prevalent in rural areas of north Karnataka region of Bagalkot. Keywords: Nail biting, Mouth breathing, Oral habits, Thumb sucking, Tongue thrusting.

Contributing factors for intestinal parasitic infection in children: a study of Nepal

Background: Intestinal parasitic diseases are common health problems among children in Nepal. The presence of these diseases is an indication of poor hygienic practices. So our objective is to find out the factors that are responsible to cause such infections in our study population.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to find the causes of parasitic intestinal infection in children. Stool specimens were collected from children below 15 years and studied by microscopy method to detect the causative organisms of infection.Results: Among the sample size of 305, 154 (50.5%) cases were found microscopically positive for parasitic diseases. Age and sex-wise study did not show the significant relationship (P&gt;0.05) for infection. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia had higher prevalence i.e., 18.03% (55/154) and 16.06% (49/154). Likewise, infection was higher in children using untreated water sources and municipal water. Many children with unsanitary habits like not washing hands properly before and after eating meals and after using toilet and nail biting habits developed more positive infection. The relationship in this case was significant (P&lt;0.05).Conclusions: Thus, the contributing factors for intestinal parasitic infection in children are lack of hygienic practices among children. Such habits can cause ingestion of infective parasites in the intestine which eventually causes diseases.

Chronic nail biting, orthodontic treatment and Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity.

BackgroundChronic nail biting is common in children and young adults. Auto inoculation of environmental pathogens can manifest as infection in distant organs. Multi-drug resistance gram negative bacteria are on the rise globally. Several of the foodborne bacteria fall within the Enterobacteriaceae family but very few studies have explored these microbes in the oral cavity of children with chronic nail-biting habit or orthodontic treatment. The study aims to investigate oral load of Enterobacteriaceae in children with chronic nail-biting habit and or those undergoing orthodontic treatment.Material and Methods150 children (no nail-biting n=30, nail biting n=60, fixed orthodontic treatment n =30 and a combination of fixed orthodontic appliance use and nail-biting habit n =30) were assessed for culture based microbiological investigation. The concentrated oral rinse technique was used. The rinse was inoculated in MacConkey’s and Blood Agar. The gram stained culture was subjected to biochemical tests for sub-species identification using Biomerieux Vitek 2 Compact Automated Microbiological Analyzer. Fisher’s exact and Kruskal Wallis with post hoc analysis using Dunn method was performed to test association and difference between groups.ResultsEnterobacteriaceae was positive for 72% of the children. Of them, nail biting or orthodontic treatment group comprised 89%. Those with a combination of nail biting and undergoing orthodontic treatment exhibited highest CFU/ml and those without nail biting or orthodontic treatment exhibited the lowest. Three of the four organisms isolated tested positive in the orthodontic treatment group. E. coli was positive in 38% of the children while Klebsiella and E. cloacae were isolated exclusively in the orthodontic treatment group.ConclusionsChronic nail biting or the use of fixed orthodontic appliances is associated with higher incidence of Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity. Oral health professionals play an important role in preventing multi drug resistance infectious diseases. Key words:Enterobacteriaceae, nail-biting, Onychophagia, orthodontic treatment.

Onikofajili çocukta herpetik dolama: kütanöz enfeksiyonun nadir bir formu

Herpetic whitlow is a kind of finger infection caused by herpes simplex viruses. Herpetic ileus is a skin infection characterized by painful, nonpurulent, and erythematous lesions usually affecting the distal phalanx and rarely seen on the toes. It is especially common in children with finger-sucking and nail-biting habits. Often misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection, the disease sometimes receives inappropriate treatment.Physicians should be familiar with the subject for appropriate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In addition, pediatricians, anesthesiologists, emergency physicians and dentists contact daily oral secretions of patients infected with the herpes simplex virus. For this reason, herpetic whitlow should be kept in mind as a professional risk for health workers. A 4-year-old girl with a history of Herpetic whitlow is presented in this article.

The effectiveness of a nail-biting prevention program among primary school students.

This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of a program called "Do Not Bite Your Nails, Cut Your Nails," which is based on a health promotion model to change the nail-biting habit among primary school students. This quasi-experimental study was conducted using the pre- and post-test and interrupted time series design. The study sample included 299 students. Nurse observation form and nail follow-up chart were used to evaluate behavioral outcomes. This program was conducted under the guidance of school nurses and lasted 6weeks. The data were analyzed using McNemar and Cochran Q tests. The number of those who selected "yes" for "I cut my nails this weekend" and "I didn't bite my nails today" increased. However, the number of the students that selected "yes" for "I pulled out my nails," "I pulled out and ate," "I pulled out my nail skin," "My cuticle bled today," and "My nails hurt today" decreased significantly and statistically compared with pretest, first and second observation, and post-test (P<0.001). The rate of the students with minimum one abnormal finger was 83.9% according to observations, and 6% following the intervention (P<0.001). New insights were provided into the program to diminish nail-biting habit. The program significantly reduced the nail-biting rate among primary school students. The nurse that implement this program will be able to do a comprehensive evaluation of students' nail-biting habits, perform solution-focused interventions, and prevent advanced complications that might develop in connection to nail-biting. Thus, the effectiveness of nursing implementations will improve in the prevention of nail-biting habit, early diagnosis, and changing students' habits. "Do Not Bite Your Nails, Cut Your Nails" program can be applied again in different schools.

Oral parafunctional habits among preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence and the related factors of parafunctional oral habits among preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The study sample included 435 children (3–6 years) randomly selected from public and private preschools in the different regions of Riyadh. Questionnaires were distributed to be filled by children's parents. The questionnaire included questions concerning child's feeding method during infancy, number of the child siblings, and his/her order among them. The other part of the questionnaire included questions concerning the types of parafunctional habits that the child might suffer from. The last part inquired if the child suffered from psychological, social, medical, or sleeping problems. Descriptive statistics were performed and Pearson's Chi-square test was used to observe the relations between categorical study and outcome variables. Results: Nail-biting habit was highly prevalent among the study samples (27.2%), followed by mouth breathing during sleeping (13.8%), thumb sucking (7.4%), and teeth clenching (6.0%). A statistically significant relation was found between the age groups and teeth clenching and lip sucking habits (P = 0.001).There was a highly statistically significant relation between malocclusion and the habits of thumb sucking and pacifier sucking (P = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Protrusion of anterior teeth was statistically significantly related to thumb sucking (P Conclusion: Nail-biting habit was highly prevalent among preschool children in Riyadh, followed by mouth breathing, thumb sucking, and teeth clenching. Malocclusion was the main factor related to the habits of thumb sucking and pacifier sucking. Respiratory and tonsils problems were related to mouth breathing. Teeth clenching was highly related to the presence of carious teeth.

Thumb-Sucking, Nail-Biting, and Atopic Sensitization, Asthma, and Hay Fever

SJ Lynch, MR Sears, RJ Hancox. Pediatrics. 2016;138(2):e20160443 Thumb-sucking and nail-biting are common behaviors in children that likely increase exposure to microbes. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that children with early exposure to a more diverse array of microbes may have a decreased risk of developing atopic diseases. The authors of this study examine the relationship between thumb-sucking and nail-biting habits in children and the development of atopy. This was a population-based birth cohort with 1037 subjects born in Dunedin, New Zealand. Subjects were managed to age 38 years. Parents were asked to report their children’s thumb-sucking and nail-biting behaviors at ages 5, 7, 9, and 11 years. Skin prick testing for common aeroallergens was completed at age 13 years and again at age 32 years. Participants were regarded as having atopic sensitization if …

Prevalence of and risk factors for intestinal parasite infections in pediatric patients admitted to public hospitals in Southern Brazil.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and to identify risk factors associated therewith in hospitalized children. Three fecal samples from each patient were evaluated using three different techniques. The patients' nutritional and socioeconomic status and hematologic profiles were evaluated. Of 106 children, 32.1% tested positive for intestinal parasitosis. The associated risk factors were low parental education levels and children's nail-biting habit. Eosinophilia, observed in 15 cases, was not associated with parasitosis. We recommend routine fecal parasitologic examination for hospitalized children and implementation of educational campaigns on the prevention of these diseases.

A Description of Nail Biting Habit in Elementary School Children

Nail biting is one of the oral habits that can harm teeth and adjust the structure. The aim of this study is to get the data which help to describe the habit of nail biting in elementary school students in Coblong sub-district in Bandung. This study was conducted using descriptive survey method. The samples were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The data of nail biting habit in children was obtained from clinical examination and questionnaires answered by parents as supporting data. The results showed that 25.2% of elementary school students in Coblong sub-district in Bandung have a common nail biting habit, 29.4% lying in age bracket of 9 years old, 57.5% are boys, 41.3% bite one nail, 24.6% bite thumbnail and 48.5% have attrition effect on their teeth. The conclusion of this study is that most nail biters in elementary students are boys who are mostly aged 9 years old. Most nail biters only bite one nail which is the thumb as the most fingernail bitten. The highest nail biting effect towards teeth is attrition.

Thumb-Sucking, Nail-Biting, and Atopic Sensitization, Asthma, and Hay Fever

The hygiene hypothesis suggests that early-life exposure to microbial organisms reduces the risk of developing allergies. Thumb-sucking and nail-biting are common childhood habits that may increase microbial exposures. We tested the hypothesis that children who suck their thumbs or bite their nails have a lower risk of developing atopy, asthma, and hay fever in a population-based birth cohort followed to adulthood. Parents reported children's thumb-sucking and nail-biting habits when their children were ages 5, 7, 9, and 11 years. Atopic sensitization was defined as a positive skin-prick test (≥2-mm weal) to ≥1 common allergen at 13 and 32 years. Associations between thumb-sucking and nail-biting in childhood, and atopic sensitization, asthma, and hay fever at these ages were assessed by using logistic regression with adjustments for sex and other potential confounding factors: parental atopy, breastfeeding, pet ownership, household crowding, socioeconomic status, and parental smoking. Thirty-one percent of children were frequent thumb-suckers or nail-biters at ≥1 of the ages. These children had a lower risk of atopic sensitization at age 13 years (odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.92, P = .013) and age 32 years (odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.46-0.81, P = .001). These associations persisted when adjusted for multiple confounding factors. Children who had both habits had a lower risk of atopic sensitization than those who had only 1. No associations were found for nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and asthma or hay fever at either age. Children who suck their thumbs or bite their nails are less likely to have atopic sensitization in childhood and adulthood.

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Protozoan Infections among the Tea Estates Workers of Ilam District, Nepal

&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Intestinal protozoan infections continue to remain a global public health challenge, particularly in developing countries. Since diagnosis of these parasites is difficult, prevalence data on intestinal protozoa is scarce. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives&lt;/strong&gt;: To measure the prevalence of intestinal Protozoan Infections and to identify risk factors associated with Protozoan Infections among the tea garden workers in Ilam district of Nepal. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: A Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among tea garden workers in Ilam district of Nepal. Out of 4 tea estates in Ilam District, 2 tea estates (Ilam Municipality and Kanyam) were selected randomly. Out of total 150 tea workers (30 in Ilam Municipality and 120 in Kanyam), 98 workers participated in the study. Semi-structured questionnaire was used and routine examination of stool was done. Collected data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Prevalence of protozoan infections among the Tea Estates workers of Ilam District was 22.4%. &lt;em&gt;Giardia lamblia&lt;/em&gt; was seen higher (12.2%) than &lt;em&gt;Entamoeba histolytica&lt;/em&gt; (10.2%). Regarding ethnicity, the protozoan infection was seen higher among Dalit (40%) than Janajati (18.8%) and Brahmin/Chhetri (11.1%) (P&amp;lt;0.05). The protozoan infections was seen lower who use of soap and water after defecation (6.2%) than those using only water (60%) (P&amp;lt;0.001). The protozoan infections was also seen lower who wear sandals or shoes (17.3%) than those did not wear (47.1%) (P&amp;lt;0.05). The protozoan infection was seen higher among those having the habit of nail biting and thumbs sucking. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: There is relatively high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among the Tea garden workers in Ilam District of Nepal. This obviously suggests that there is possible poor personal hygiene, sanitation, and behavior oriented risk factors which predispose the workers to these parasites.