ABSTRACT New karyological data on rodents from Senegal are presented and compared with previous reports from other parts of Africa. Among the murid rodents, two clearly differentiated forms of Arvicanthis are described (2n = 62, NFa = 64 and 74), which confirms the probable polytypic structure of A. niloticus. On the other hand, such species as Myomys daltoni and Praomys tullbergi appear chromosomally stable over a large geographic range. Among the Gerbillidae studied, the karyotype of Desmodilliscus braueri (2n = 78, NFa = 104) is presented, as well as those of two species of Gerbillus newly reported for Senegal, G. henleyi (2n = 52, NFa = 59/60), and Gerbillus cf pyramidum (2n = 40, NFa = 74).
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