Vlcek Z., E. KudIac, Eva Nesnalova and Alena Lanikova: Fertility of Cows after Dystocias and CompRcated Puerperium with Re spect to Bacteriological and Mycological Findings in the Genitalia. Acta vet. Brno, 58, 1989: 245-260. Seventy-three cows with the history of laboured calving and complicat ed puerperium were observed for persisting pathological conditions in the genitalia, the incidence of bacteria and micromycetes in the cervical mucus and for subsequent fertility. Clinical examination at 28 to 32 days after parturition revealed persisting pathological processes, mainly inflammations, in the genitalia of 75.34 %, incomplete involution of the uterus in 50.68 %, absence of the sexual cycle in 26.02 % and the incipient syndrome of ovarian cysts in 17.80 % of the cows. By 55 to 65 days post partum the incidence of pathological processes had sub stantially decreased, the most frequently processes then observed being inflammations (in 34.24 % of the cows), particularly mucopurulent endometritis (in 17.80 % of the cows). Bacteriological and mycological examination detected, in keeping with the incidence of pathological processes, a number of pathogenic species. The most frequently identified bacteria and micromycetes were Actinomyces pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and beta-streptococci, and Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus jlavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Asper gillus parasiticus, respectively. Compared with the means obtained in the respective herds, the cows yielding pathogenic and potentially pathogenic micromycetes showed a higher incidence of reproductive disorders, worse reproduction indices and a higher cullig rate, while cows yielding pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria also showed a higher incidence of reproductive disorders and a higher culling rate but . their reproduction indices, except insemination interval, were unaffected.