Mutual Responsibility Research Articles

«The Klutkoism». Saransk Case of 1934.

The article is devoted to the events of the first part of 1930-ies in the Mordovian Autonomous Region. The politics struggle between different groups of the soviet and party ruling elite, which accompanied the process of the formation of Mordovian statehood and the korenization of the State machinery are considering as well. On the example of Mordovian oblast committee and Saransk town committee of VKP(b) some features inherent in the regional Soviet nomenclature of the 1930s are shown. The article acknowledges that in Mordovia, the struggle between various groups of the Soviet and Party elite was significantly influenced by the national factor and the process of indigenization of the administrative apparatus. At the same time, there was tension between the First secretary of the regional Party Committee sent from the outside, who tried to rely on his own proteges, and the regional nomenclature clans formed from local national cadres. Meanwhile, in the existing system of close-knit corporate groups and bureaucratic clans based on personal ties and mutual responsibility, there was a rapid degeneration of Party and Soviet executives. This led to the spread of such negative phenomena as leaderism, embezzlements, abuse of official position, etc. In preparing the article, the method of analyzing historical documents, historical and systemic, historical and comparative methods were used. Archival documents (from the Central State Archives of the Republic of Mordovia), as well as materials of the Soviet periodicals from the newspapers Volzhskaya Kommuna and Krasnaya Mordovia served as the basis for the source base of the article.

ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ИННОВАЦИЯЛЫҚ ДАМУЫНЫҢ ЗИЯТКЕРЛІК ӘЛЕУЕТІ

The article substantiates approaches to improving state regulation of rural development by developing a set of regional policy instruments, as well as supporting the diversification of the rural economy and improving the activities of rural institutions, infrastructure facilities. The policy on the development of rural territories is proposed to be considered as a sphere of mutual responsibility of the state, rural territories, science, business and civil society. State regulation of rural social development does not matter in itself, but is reduced only to measures that mitigate the negative consequences of the formation of market relations. As a result, there is an urgent need for a systematic presentation of the substantive foundations of state regulation of rural social development, analysis of the consequences of its market transformation in the modern Kazakh economy and identification of areas for improvement [1]. The purpose of the article is to propose methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of state regulation of social development of rural areas based on the analysis of its content and features and to develop areas of improvement in modern Kazakhstan conditions. And also to consider the content of state regulation and features of social development of the village; to classify the means of implementing forms and methods of state regulation of social development of the village; generalization of the assessment methodology and development of criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of state regulation of social development of rural areas; determination of institutional and socio-economic consequences of market transformation of state regulation of social development of rural areas.

STATE REGULATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

The article substantiates approaches to improving state regulation of rural development by developing a set of regional policy instruments, as well as supporting the diversification of the rural economy and improving the activities of rural institutions, infrastructure facilities. The policy on the development of rural territories is proposed to be considered as a sphere of mutual responsibility of the state, rural territories, science, business and civil society. State regulation of rural social development does not matter in itself, but is reduced only to measures that mitigate the negative consequences of the formation of market relations. As a result, there is an urgent need for a systematic presentation of the substantive foundations of state regulation of rural social development, analysis of the consequences of its market transformation in the modern Kazakh economy and identification of areas for improvement [1]. The purpose of the article is to propose methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of state regulation of social development of rural areas based on the analysis of its content and features and to develop areas of improvement in modern Kazakhstan conditions. And also to consider the content of state regulation and features of social development of the village; to classify the means of implementing forms and methods of state regulation of social development of the village; generalization of the assessment methodology and development of criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of state regulation of social development of rural areas; determination of institutional and socio-economic consequences of market transformation of state regulation of social development of rural areas.

Constitutional Principle of Social Solidarity as a Basis for the Consolidation of the Russian Society and States

The current circumstances related to the Covid-19 pandemic, which the entire world community had to face, raised sharply the question of mutual responsibility of the society and the state. At the same time, restrictions imposed at the state level are most often assessed by citizens as excessive. As a result, the number of studies devoted to establishing the legitimacy of restricting human rights and freedoms in the conditions of the epidemic is growing, however, such a phenomenon as social solidarity remains practically ignored. It is social solidarity, understood as the cohesion of the society (not only in the face of common threats and challenges), that can become the basis for constructive interaction between the society and the state. The aim of the study was the legal understanding of social solidarity as a new constitutional principle of the Russian state, which presupposes the possibility of establishing permissible restrictions on individual rights and freedoms in the conditions of protecting the foundations of the constitutional state from the modern threats. The absence of a normative definition of social solidarity in the current legislation of Russia, despite the constitutional reform carried out in 2020, entails difficulties in the correct interpretation of this phenomenon. The use of both general scientific and special methods of cognition of socio-legal phenomena — the formal legal method and the method of legal modeling — made it possible to see in social solidarity not only the legal structure, but also the leading moral and ethical principle of interaction between the society and the state. The analysis of the domestic legal acts made it possible to conclude that the constitutional principle of social cohesion of the society and the state in the face of various threats with the observance of such elements as the rule of law, the constitutional provision of individual rights and freedoms and the conditions for their permissible restriction is the basis for the inviolability of the state and its constitutional system.

Rethinking Resilience: Nurses and Nurse Leaders Emerging From the Post-COVID-19 Environment.

Nurses and nurse leaders are working in unprecedented intense and demanding environments, and the COVID-19 pandemic continues to place strain on their mental well-being. If stressful work conditions remain at extraordinary high levels, nurses and leaders may ultimately leave their positions, creating even more uncertainty in the workforce. Enhancing individual resilience has become a superficial response in retaining nurses during a global nursing shortage. We argue that resilience is not solely an individual responsibility. Rather, resilience it is a mutual responsibility between the individual and the organization. In this article, we discuss how nurse leaders can foster organizational resilience while also enhancing their own individual resilience within the current pandemic environment, and as we transition to a post-COVID environment.

FORMATION OF TEAMWORK SKILLS AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF FUTURE TEACHER OF MATHEMATICS

The article highlights the relevance and features of the formation of teamwork skills in future teachers of mathematics, in particular, in the process of methodological training. The essence of the team as a social group operating in a particular field of activity is defined. It is noted that teamwork improves communication, inspires, increases motivation and mutual responsibility, helps to overcome fear and teaches to fight criticism, creates an environment where students learn from each other, generate new ideas and enjoy their activities. The advantages of collaboration and the conditions, the presence of which ensures coherence and efficiency of partnership, are described and discussed. They are as follows: the presence of an atmosphere of security and comfort, the presence of a leader, a clearly defined purpose and well-distributed tasks, meaning of the activity and a single “vision” of the required result by all members of the team, availability of reliability and responsibility. Essential teamwork skills include listening, communicating, building relationships, reaching agreements, resolving conflicts, controlling emotions, making decisions, solving problems, making presentations, organizing and planning activities. Different methods of developing team spirit are presented by the author. This study indicates that training is one of the effective technologies for developing the teamwork skills of future mathematics teachers. Some specific examples of the proposed methods at different stages of training are considered, which contribute not only to the development of professional skills and abilities of their practical use in future professional activities, but also to the formation of students’ teamwork skills.
 Keywords: professional competence; professional activity; future mathematics teachers; team; team work; team work skills; methodical training; training.

MADE IN BRAZIL: CONSPIRACY THEORY AND THE FLOW OF INFORMATION IN ONE-TO-ONE WHATSAPP CONVERSATIONS

This essay aims to shed light on the multiple and complex ways that information flows among individuals in times of intense use of digital platforms. Based on actor-network theory, it unveils largely unknown communication processes about the controversial death of the Brazilian Supreme Court Justice, Teori Zavascki in 2017 that occurred in closed conversations in which the author was part. Analyzing primary data, the essay discusses the signs of authority that allow for non-verified or fiction pieces to circulate as if they were news pieces, enabling conspiracy theories to take form. The essay defends that mutual responsibility in building the narrative with peers within a likeminded groups, and “translation” processes in which sender and information merge their characteristics to create trust are important factors to understand this phenomenon. Furthermore, in discussing news as cultural artifacts, the essay also raises reflections of the limits of framing this phenomenon as fake news, which artificially oppose what is “real” and “fake” disregarding cultural dynamics at stake.

Employer perspectives on their supportive role in promoting sustainable RTW of disabled workers

Abstract Background Employers play an important supportive role in facilitating sustainable Return to Work (RTW) of workers with disabilities. Little is understood about how employers deal with their supportive role, what kind of support they offer and which facilitators of employer support are important to successful RTW. Methods A semi-structured interview study was conducted among 27 employer representatives (e.g. supervisors, HR managers, case managers) of companies in the Netherlands who had experience in retaining at least one disabled workers within their company. Participants were included through purposive sampling on sector and company size. Data was analyzed by means of thematic analysis. Results We identified three different types of employer support: 1. instrumental support (offering work accommodations), 2. emotional support (encouragement, empathy, understanding) and 3. informational support (providing information, setting boundaries). Facilitators of employer support were categorized into three main themes: 1. good collaboration, with subthemes (in)formal contact, trustful relationships, mutual responsibilities and (in)formal networks, 2. employer characteristics, including supportive organizational culture, leadership skills and flexibility, and 3. employee characteristics including flexibility and resilience. Conclusions Different types of employer support are considered as important in the RTW process of disabled workers. Besides offering work accommodations, also emotional and informational support are necessary. In addition, good collaboration and flexibility of both employer and employee may be viewed as facilitators for optimizing supervisor and employee interaction during the RTW process. Key messages Instrumental, emotional and informational support by the employer are important in the RTW process of disabled workers. Facilitating factors include collaboration, flexibility and leadership.

Проблемные вопросы определения понятия правового государства на современном этапе развития общества

Introduction: the concept of the rule of law is rooted directly in the ancient period, which had a significant influence on the legal concepts and theories of such Enlightenment scholars as Grotius, Montesquieu, Locke, Rousseau, Kant, and others. For many years, scientists have tried to identify and trace the existing relationship between the concept of the state and human rights, based on the principles of freedom of political and legal relations. The development of legal concepts of scientists and thinkers of several centuries allowed us to form well-established ideas and principles of the rule of law at the present stage. The fundamental principle of the rule of law is the recognition of human and civil rights and freedoms as the highest value. On this basis, the state policy is formed under the influence of the ideas of popular sovereignty, the rule of law, democracy, the mutual responsibility of the individual and the state. The purpose of the study: to study and form the concept and principles of the rule of law, as well as to analyze the measures taken to improve the foundations of the rule of law in the context of the processes of globalization. Methods: the research uses such general scientific methods as the analysis and synthesis of scientists’ positions on the definition of key theoretical concepts in the field of the rule of law, systematic and structural approaches to the consideration of problematic issues, the formal logical method, and others. Results and conclusions: the authors formulated the main reasons for the existence of globalization at the present stage of the development of statehood. In particular, the measures taken by the state to improve the foundations of the rule of law under the influence of these processes taking place in society are considered. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the state policy is developing the ideas for improving the economic, political, legal, technological, socio-cultural, religious, and other areas.

PELESTARIAN NILAI-NILAIBUDAYA PADA KESENIAN KUDA LUMPING DI KECAMATAN TAMBUSAI UTARA

This research is based on cultural issues. The aims of this research are (1) How to describe the preservation of cultural values ​​in Kuda Lumping art in North Tambusai District. This research is a qualitative research with ethnographic method. The sampling technique in this research is using a proposive sampling technique-nonprobalistic. Data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that in Kuda Lumping art there are cultural values ​​that can be used as guidelines and references in people's lives including religious values, mutual cooperation values, responsibility values, unity values, ethical values, solidarity values ​​(togetherness), and aesthetic values. (beauty).

PELESTARIAN NILAI-NILAIBUDAYA PADA KESENIAN KUDA LUMPING DI KECAMATAN TAMBUSAI UTARA

This research is based on cultural issues. The aims of this research are (1) How to describe the preservation of cultural values ​​in Kuda Lumping art in North Tambusai District. This research is a qualitative research with ethnographic method. The sampling technique in this research is using a proposive sampling technique-nonprobalistic. Data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that in Kuda Lumping art there are cultural values ​​that can be used as guidelines and references in people's lives including religious values, mutual cooperation values, responsibility values, unity values, ethical values, solidarity values ​​(togetherness), and aesthetic values. (beauty).

ONTOLOGICAL SECURITY OF AN INDIVIDUAL: ATTACHMENT STYLES AND COPING STRATEGIES

Aim. The aim of this paper is to theoretically substantiate individual’s attachment as a need for ontological security, to outline the educational aspects of supporting the ontological security, and to empirically investigate the attachment styles and coping strategies of individuals in early and middle adulthood. Methods. The article is based on an extensive review of the literature, which involves the use of such methods as interpretation (of previously unexplained psychological aspects of ontological security) and comparative analysis (of the views of Ronald Laing and family psychotherapists). An empirical study was conducted. The study group consisted of 90 persons: 45 male and 45 female, at the age of early and middle adulthood. The research used a number of psychological methods to study different types of attachments, relationships, personality traits and coping strategies that help overcome ontological insecurity. The method of statistical and mathematical analysis of results was also applied. Results. Ontological security is a marker of positive types of attachment. Our empirical research has shown that people with anxious attachment more often overcome ontological insecurity by positively rethinking the problem, which can lead to an underestimation of the possibilities of its effective solution. People with a reliable attachment are ontologically secure due to mutual trust, responsibility, problem analysis and planning, which eliminate escape strategies and problem avoidance. Conclusions. Ontological security-insecurity manifests itself in different types of attachments and corresponding coping strategies. The results showed the importance of developing and adapting the methodology of ontological protection for Ukrainian socio-cultural realities. This technique is being prepared to be operationalized with the scales of psychological techniques used in this study.

Principal’s Strategies in Realizing Adiwiyata School: A Literature Review

The importance of the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata school (also called green school) drawn the author's interest in conducting a literature review. Environmental thoughtfulness is a mutual awareness and responsibility for every human being. Efforts are required for human to realize environmentally-thoughtful behavior. In the world of education, environmentally thoughtful behavior is applied at the adiwiyata school which is an environmental-based educational institution. As the school's highest leader, the principal is expected to have a plan in place to carry out a program. The research method used is literature review. The goal of this literature review is to obtain a theoretical foundation that can be used to support problem solving in relation to the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata schools. The result of the study on the principal's strategies indicate that the principal's strategies have an impact on the program's succession. The principal is in charge of carrying out management functions such as planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling the program.

Principal’s Strategies in Realizing Adiwiyata School: A Literature Review

The importance of the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata school (also called green school) drawn the author's interest in conducting a literature review. Environmental thoughtfulness is a mutual awareness and responsibility for every human being. Efforts are required for human to realize environmentally-thoughtful behavior. In the world of education, environmentally thoughtful behavior is applied at the adiwiyata school which is an environmental-based educational institution. As the school's highest leader, the principal is expected to have a plan in place to carry out a program. The research method used is literature review. The goal of this literature review is to obtain a theoretical foundation that can be used to support problem solving in relation to the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata schools. The result of the study on the principal's strategies indicate that the principal's strategies have an impact on the program's succession. The principal is in charge of carrying out management functions such as planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling the program.

Solidarity and Community: Thinking Today with Jan Patočka

It is difficult to speak about Patočka’s political philosophy because he didn’t analyze at the conceptual level issues such as democratic functioning, social justice or state theory. However, Patočka’s originality consists in analyzing from a phenomenological point of view such notions as community, war, history, polemos and solidarity. According to him, political life is not only characterized by antagonism, but also by solidarity. The traditional concept of social solidarity refers to the mutual responsibility that is established between members of a social group on a common ground. Being in solidarity with others requires becoming part of a whole in which the differences between the parties become invisible. In other words, the concept of social solidarity seems to lead us towards an understanding of community that rests upon a common and solid foundation, or a final purpose. Patočka criticizes this kind of political and social foundationalizm. Political solidarity is a unity of individuals each responding to a particular situation of injustice, oppression, social vulnerability. Those who join in a solidarity of the shaken do not obtain a common ground which shapes society. The solidarity of the shaken is the solidarity of those who have lost their trust in all forms of ideological, economic and spritual mobilization of society because of a decisive event. Thinking about political solidarity allows us to think about the emancipatory possibility of social action and the obstacles to the realization of these possibilities.

A Boundary Tool for Multi-stakeholder Sustainable Business Model Innovation

Sustainable business model innovation cannot reach its full sustainability potential if it neglects the importance of multi-stakeholder alignment. Several studies emphasize the need for multi-stakeholder collaboration to enable sustainable business model innovation, but few studies offer guidance to companies for engaging in such a collaborative process. Based on the concept of boundary work, this study presents a tested process tool that helps companies engage with multiple stakeholders to innovate sustainable business models. The tool was developed in three iterative phases, including testing and evaluation with 74 participants in six sustainable business model innovation cases. The final process tool consists of five steps to facilitate multi-stakeholder alignment for sustainable business model innovation: (1) defining a collective ambition, (2) mapping and negotiating the changing organizational boundaries, (3) exploring opportunities and tensions for aligning stakeholders, (4) defining first interventions and (5) developing a collaboration pitch. We found that the tool enables discussions and negotiations on sensitive topics, such as power reconfigurations and mutual responsibilities to help stakeholders align. For companies, the boundary tool enriches sustainable business model innovation by offering guidance in the process of redesigning their multi-stakeholder system, assessing their own organizational boundaries, exploring, negotiating and prioritizing strategic actions based on organizational boundary changes and kick-starting new partnerships.

MAPPAJA’ PRACTICES IN AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY TRADING IN THE DISTRICT OF WEST SINJAI, SINJAI REGENCY

This study will elaborate on the form of mappaja' trading, which is considered as an attractive economic issue as in its transactions, people do not use a system of weighing scales in trading their harvests, but with a cost estimation system for the goods. Therefore, in the trading practice, there is often a discrepancy between the harvest and the buyer’s expectation, because it may contain an element of gharar/obscurity of the goods, which can lead to an invalid transaction and harm one of the parties. This study indicated that the practice of mappaja' for agricultural commodities has occurred for a long time. The mechanism is by estimating the number of plants based on mutual trust and responsibility. The agricultural commodities used as the mappaja' objects are cloves and vegetables (carrots, cabbage, and tomatoes). The payment method in mappaja' practice is carried out in two ways, namely full payment and twice payment. Twice payment refers to the transaction where half of the payment was handed over on the agreement as a down payment and a sign of completion, then the rest of the payment were handed after the harvest. The condition of the plant is ready to harvest or not ready for harvest in the transaction of mappaja’. The rights and obligations of both parties are that traders are obliged to make payments to farmers according to the agreement and for the farmers, they have to keep taking good care of the plants if at the time of the transaction the condition of the plants is still not ready for harvest.

За необходимостта от психологизация на съвременния образователен процес

Relying on the theory of generational differences that arises in the United States in the late 20th century and the new scientific field of psychodidactics, this presentation justifies the need for psychologization of modern education. In order for the educational process to be beneficial, it is no longer enough to simply use innovative educational approaches, high technologies and modern learning systems. The need for a radically different type of relationship between teacher and students inside and outside the classroom comes to the fore, which should be built based on a new ethical mutual responsibility, synergy and creative cooperation.

The meaning of capital of Batobo farmer groups

The purpose of this research was to reveal and comprehend the meaning of capital in Batobo tradition. Batobo is a traditional farmer organization, in the agriculture part of the Malay society. It has been doing and agreed together and taken the turn each the fields of their members that have been agreed by them. The place has exactly been in Riau province, Kuantan district Singingi Village Kunik. Establish the enthusiastic of solidarity, family, and build up the human relationship which can be useful for many people. This Capital significance research in batobo tradition does not focus in the significance only but the capital is also useful for the society. The contribution of this research is to present regional social accounting, namely accounting that is based on social norms that care about society and the environment, and then can maintain and introduce batobo culture by embracing the nephews (millennial society) who are present in the era of modernization by not eliminating the traditional values of batobo.In research resulted in three types of capital used in the name social capital, economic capital, and spiritual capital. This research uses an interpretive paradigm with methodology phenomenology. This research concluded that there are six significances of capital from the member batobo, they are mutual cooperation, friendship, cooperative, responsibility, donation and worship.

An Invitation from the Displaced: Refuge Restaged in The Jungle and As Far as My Fingertips Take Me

Tania El Khoury’s audience-of-one performance piece As Far as My Fingertips Take Me and Joe Murphy and Joe Robertson’s play The Jungle, produced and developed by Good Chance, are twenty-first-century productions that foreground the medial affordances of performance art and drama to foreground Western audiences’ relationships and responses to refugees. I propose a taxonomy of the strategies used in these two works as a model for analyzing theatre and performance about refugees. These strategies are classified in terms of the responses they seek to elicit from the audience, and my analysis explores some of the tactics used to achieve these goals. Remedial strategies counter harmful stereotypes about refugees; transformative strategies challenge and reshape basic conceptions of self, other, nation, and citizenship; and ethotic strategies reorient the audience to consider their relationship with refugees, particularly with respect to their disparate identity positions, mutual responsibility, and interdependence. Fingertips and The Jungle are substantially different artworks but are able to achieve similar results by utilizing the different affordances of their respective mediums. Thus, the taxonomy of strategies provides a more systematic and precise way of analyzing how refugee drama and performance achieve their goals. It avoids being overly prescriptive in how these goals should be achieved and instead recognizes how exploiting different tactics and medial affordances can advocate for refugees and other migrants.