Injuries have influenced Chinese athletes’ career development and transformation, Through the literature method, interview method and data analysis of related athletes injury insurance and disability insurance, this paper finds that: athlete disability has been brought into the overall basic social security system, but on the actual implementation, athletes disability security is still free from the social security system and system connection is inadequate with a bad operation; Participation degree of industrial injury insurance and medical insurance for local athlete is low, security degree of disability mutual insurance for excellent athletes is limited and government burden is heavy; Sports commercial insurance develops slowly. So, we propose to restructure the multiple levels of athletes’ disability support system and basic medical insurance, disability insurance, commercial insurance, disability relief. At the same time, and take the combination principles of compensation, prevention and rehabilitation, transform the simple disability economic compensation to accident prevention.