Prevalence Of Mutans Research Articles

Correlation of Streptococcus mutans count in Mother-child Pair of Working and Nonworking Mothers: A Cross-sectional Study.

PurposeTo determine the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans (MS) in mother-child pairs and to evaluate the correlation in the levels of salivary MS of working and nonworking mothers with that of their children and their associations with other related factors.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 mother-child pairs residing in New Multan Nagar Colony, New Delhi, India. A total of 50 children with their mothers were included in the working group and another 50 were included in the nonworking group. A questionnaire regarding the feeding habits, oral hygiene habits, daily intake of sugars of the children along with their weaning time was carried out. All mothers and children were clinically examined for recording decayed, extracted, and filled teeth (deft)/decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), and whole unstimulated saliva was collected and cultured for MS in the laboratory. The data were collected and subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square, Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of salivary MS in the children was 69%. A statistically significant correlation was found between the oral levels of MS in nonworking and working mother-child pairs. Regression analysis showed that those children who feed by bottle for more than 12 months, have daily sweet intake, have sugars in feeding bottle and have higher defts were more likely to have mutans score of 1 or 2.ConclusionThe mother, working or nonworking, being the primary care provider is the major source of transmission of MS to their child irrespective of the amount of time spent with them.How to cite this articleSharma P, Goswami M, Singh D, Massod SS, Nganba K. Correlation of Streptococcus mutans count in Mother-child Pair of Working and Nonworking Mothers: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):342-348.

Prevalence of mutans streptococci isolated from complete dentures and their susceptibility to mouthrinses

The aims of this study were to evaluate the incidence of mutans streptococci (MS - sessile form) on complete maxillary dentures after use of a specific denture paste, and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and maximum inhibitory dilution (MID) of 3 oral mouthrinses: Cepacol, Plax and Periogard. Seventy-seven complete denture wearers were randomly assigned into 2 groups, according to the product used for denture cleaning: Control group - conventional dentifrice (Kolynos-Super White); and Test group: experimental denture cleaning paste. Denture biofilm was collected at baseline and after 90 and 180 days after treatment by brushing the dentures with saline solution. After decimal serial dilution, samples were seeded onto agar sucrose bacitracin to count colonies with morphological characteristics of MS. MS identification was performed by the sugar fermentation tests. After this procedure, brain heart infusion broth (BHI) was added to oral mouthrinses (Plax, Cepacol e Periogard) and seeded on Petri dishes. The colonies were seeded using the Steers multiplier and, after the incubation, the MIC and MID of the mouthrinses were calculated. The results showed an incidence of 74.0% (n=57) of MS in the 77 complete dentures examined in the study, being 76.3% (n=29) of the Control group (conventional dentifrice) and 71.8% (28) of the Test group (experimental denture cleaning paste). In both groups, the number of positive cases for MS decreased from day 0 to day 180. In the Test group there was a slight decrease in the incidence of Streptococcus mutans 90 days after use of the experimental denture cleaning paste, which was not observed in the Control group. As regards to mouthrinses, for both groups, Periogard showed antimicrobial action with the highest dilution, followed by Cepacol and Plax. In conclusion, the incidence of MS in complete dentures was high and Periogard was the mouthrinse with the strongest antimicrobial action against MS. The experimental denture cleaning paste showed a slight action against S. mutans after 90 days of treatment.

Early childhood caries in preschool children of Kosovo - a serious public health problem

BackgroundEven though it has been widely studied, early childhood caries (ECC) remains a serious public health problem, especially in countries where there is no national program of oral health assessment and no genuine primary oral health care, such as in Kosovo. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of ECC and analyze caries risk factors.MethodsThe subjects were 1,008 preschool children, selected by stratified random cluster sampling, in the municipality of Prishtina, capital of Kosovo. Data were collected through clinical examination and interviews. Dmft data were recorded according to WHO criteria. Bacterial examination (CRT bacteria test) and plaque test of Greene-Vermillion were used.ResultsThe mean dmft of preschool children was found to be 5.8. The prevalence of ECC was 17.36%, with a mean dmft of 11 ± 3.6. Streptococcus mutans prevalence in ECC children was 98%. A significant correlation between dmft and S mutans counts (≥105 CFU/mL saliva) was demonstrated. A correlation was also found between daily sweets consumption and dmft in children with ECC (P < 0.001). Comparing the dmft of ECC children and duration of bottle feeding showed a statistical correlation (P < 0.001). The mean plaque test was 1.52. None of the examined children had ever used fluoride.ConclusionThe prevalence of ECC was high among preschool children in the municipality of Kosovo. We recommend increasing parents' knowledge of proper feeding habits and oral health practices, and increasing preschool children's accessibility to dental services.

Overestimation of Streptococcus mutans prevalence by nested PCR detection of the 16S rRNA gene

This study was carried out in order to compare two PCR-based methods in the detection of Streptococcus mutans. The first PCR method was based on primers for the 16S rRNA gene and the second method was based on specific primers that targeted the glucosyltransferase gene (gtfB). Each PCR was performed with eight different streptococci from the viridans group, five other streptococci and 17 different non-streptococcal bacterial strains. Direct use of the S. mutans 16S rRNA gene-specific primers revealed that Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus infantis were also detected. After amplifying the 16S rRNA gene with universal primers and subsequently performing nested PCR, the S. mutans-specific nested primers based on the 16S rRNA gene detected all tested streptococci. There was no cross-reaction of the gtfB primers after direct PCR. Our results indicate that direct PCR and nested PCR based on 16S rRNA genes can reveal false-positive results for oral streptococci and lead to an overestimation of the prevalence of S. mutans with regards to its role as the most prevalent causative agent of dental caries.

Effect of radioactive iodine therapy on salivary flow rates and oral Streptococcus mutans prevalence in patients with thyroid cancer

Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates, Streptococcus mutans samples, and dental caries data were obtained from 50 patients with thyroid cancer who had received radioactive iodine, I 131, from 0.3 to 20 years earlier. The salivary flow rates were compared with a healthy control group, and the S. mutans counts were compared to a group of patients with head and neck cancer who were sampled before radiotherapy. Flow rates were found to be significantly lower in the patients with thyroid cancer, and S. mutans levels were slightly but not significantly higher than the controls. Longitudinal flow rate data taken on four patients, who served as their own controls before and after I 131 therapy, indicated a trend in saliva reduction.

Dental caries and mutans streptococci in selected groups of urban and native Indian schoolchildren in Mexico

Two groups of Mexican children aged 12-14 yr were examined for dental caries and salivary mutans streptococci counts. One hundred lived in Mexico City and 100 belonged to a native Mazahua Indian population. The prevalence of caries, diagnosed according to WHO, was 90% in Mexico City and 82% in the Indian community. Mean DMFT was 5.98 and 3.57 respectively. Saliva samples were analyzed for mutans streptococci by the "Strip mutans" method. Further identification of the biotype/serotype was done. Mutans streptococci were found in 95% of the urban children and 75% of the Indians. There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of mutans streptococci between the city and the rural samples. Streptococcus mutans was more frequently found than Streptococcus sobrinus.

Prevalence of Streptococcus mutans and dental decay in schoolchildren living in Genoa (Italy)

In this study population (105 schoolchildren aged 5.5-11.5 yrs), dental decay was detected in 75.2% and S. mutans in 55.2% of the subjects. The presence of S. mutans was assessed - using the selective GSTB medium - in unstimulated saliva and in pooled occlusal and pooled buccal plaques from the four most posterior teeth. All three samples showed association between S. mutans presence and caries prevalence. Of the two types of plaque, the occlusal not only had a higher frequency of isolation but also a significantly higher proportion of S. mutans. The presence of S. mutans was significantly associated with both caries prevalence and extent of caries experience. Both S. mutans prevalence and S. mutans proportion in plaque increased with the number of decayed teeth present among those sampled. Sucrose consumption between meals appeared to be more correlated with the degree of caries experience rather than with caries or S. mutans prevalence. A second clinical examination was scheduled six months after the first for S. mutans-positive children who either were free of active carious lesions, or were caries-active but without signs of dental decay in the sampled teeth. Caries-active subjects proved to be more prone to new carious lesions than caries-free subjects, who tended to remain caries-free even when they had a high proportion of S. mutans in plaque, thus indicating the basic importance of the host factor in the caries process.

Prevalence of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in elderly Swedish individuals.

The number of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and lactobacilli in stimulated whole saliva was examined in 149 elderly persons. More than 10(6) CFU/ml of mutans streptococci were found in 57% of the subjects and 85% had more than 10(5) lactobacilli per ml of saliva. There was no difference in the prevalence of mutans streptococci between edentulous and dentate subjects whereas significantly more lactobacilli were detected in denture wearers. S. mutans was most frequent and was found in 72% of the subjects. S. sobrinus, which was carried by 44% of the persons, was found proportionally in more subjects with dentures than in dentate individuals. In most persons with S. sobrinus, S. mutans was also present but in 8% of the subjects only S. sobrinus was detected. The subjects with both S. mutans and S. sobrinus had higher salivary levels of mutans streptococci than individuals with only S. mutans or S. sobrinus.

Dental caries and Streptococcus mutans prevalence in cancer patients with irradiation-induced xerostomia: 1-13 years after radiotherapy.

In this cross-sectional study, 9 of 34 irradiated patients and 4 of 5 preradiation patients had one or more carious lesions at the time of examination. The magnitude of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> infection was determined from multiple samples of dental plaque taken from different anatomic sites. <i>S. mutans</i> were detected in 82% of the irradiated patients and 100 % of the preradiotherapy patients. Although <i>S. mutans</i> were widely distributed throughout the dentition of both groups, the mean proportion of 5. mutans relative to the total streptococci in interproximal samples was significantly higher in the irradiated patients. In the irradiated group without current caries, <i>S. mutans</i> prevalence was inversely related to the number of elapsed years postradiotherapy.