Muslim Ummah Research Articles

Mukalma Bainal Mazahib ki Jihat: Mustafavi Manhaj Arab ke Yahud o Nasara se Tahamul ki Roshni Main

Islam is the religion of peace and coherence revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a true guidance and mercy for the mankind. As the Prophet preached the message of Islam in Arabia, which later on spread in almost all the continents, Muslims interacted with the adherents of different religions, cultures, civilizations, ethnicities and creeds. When the Prophet migrated to Madina; he had interacted there with the Jews of Madinah and later on with the Christians of Arabia. These encounters and models include the migration, battles, treaties and dialogues within and without. In human history, the cultures and civilizations are compelled to relate to one another on a continuous and constant basis. Although the move towards inter-religious dialogue was first started within a Protestant branch of the Christian church, and the idea of interfaith dialogue is relatively modern but some of its instances could be traced back to the history of Islam as well. The main theme of this study and research will focus on the Prophetic approach and methodology towards dialogue. The researcher will try to seek the answers of the issues of today’s world which are being faced by the world in general and the Muslim Ummah in particular related to interfaith dialogue. The study will sort out the guidelines which could be found in the Life of the Prophet and the attitude and Hikmah (wisdom) of the Prophet towards dialogue seeking a Prophetic approach for the contemporary phenomenon of cultural and civilisational pluralism.

The fact that Salaf were keen to get to the meaning of the "two Shahadahs", the study discusses it's effect on the unity of Muslims.

Subject of the Study: The fact that Salaf were keen to get to the meaning of the "two Shahadahs", the study discusses it's effect on the unity of Muslims. Methodology of the Research: The approach taken is inductive and descriptive. Main topics of the Research: The Research is composed of an Introduction, a preface, four chapters and an ending. Introduction: It is composed of Introductory words, essentials of the Study, Research plan and the Methodology of the Research. Preface contains: Definitions of the words composing the Research. First Chapter: Sahabah's passion to understand the meaning of "two Shahadahs". Second Chapter: The care "Tabieen" with which they approached to enhance their understanding of the "two shahadah". Third Chapter: The Patience with which the 'Four Imams' used to prioritize 'Shahadah' in order to understand meaning of "two Shahadahs". Fourth Chapter: The Utilization of the meaning of "two Shahdahs" and it's impact over the oneness and unity of the Muslim Ummah. Conclusion: It is composed of the extracted content from the Research.

A Research Review of the Style and Methodology of Ibn Hajar Asqalāni in Balūgh ul-Marām min Adillat ul Ahkām

Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, for the protection of the religion of Islam, kept the texts of Shariah safe and unaltered through pen and paper۔The Holy Qur'an has consistently reached this ummah۔At the same time, hundreds of narrators devoted their lives to editing and researching the Hadith of the Prophet. It is the result of the hard work of these researchers that today the Muslim Ummah has a collection of authentic hadiths in all matters of life۔ Balugh al-Maram min Adlaat al-Ahkam is a short and comprehensive book of Hadith Rasoolﷺ. Every hadith of which is a reflection of the knowledge and love of its collector, The great author of this book is the famous muhaddith Ibn Hajar Asqalani whose every book is proverbial in its art. It is important to read this book in order to benefit from puberty of Baloogh ul- maram.

Universal Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah and Their Modern Application: Towards Ensuring a Peaceful and Secured Environment

The maqāṣid theory is a popular trend in Islamic legal theories. Contemporary scholars view it as a valid method of interpreting the revealed text and as a valuable instrument for solving contemporary issues because it helps reform Islamic thought and civilization. Indeed, the idea of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah has been widely studied and expanded by modern scholars of Islamic legal theory. Chiefly, Ibn ͑Ashur and contemporary MaqÉsid scholars renewed the scholarly discourse and ensured its proliferation and wide acceptance in legal studies. It has emerged as a new science that connects with all other legal disciplines. Thus, scholars firmly assert that the maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah constitute the most important intellectual means and methodologies for Islamic reform today. Consequently, the researchers aim to examine the modern discourse of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah and the latest developments beyond the universal MaqÉÎid. Mainly, the researchers scrutinize the two objectives namely the preservation of the environment via the protection of life and wealth. Accordingly, this article follows the qualitative method of data collection and analysis. Among the findings of the research is that the latest developments of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, open the door of ijtihād widely to create ample areas for jurists to regulate the affairs of the Muslim ummah. Further, the maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah do not reflect only the objectives of Islamic law; their role goes beyond and is used to formulate basic principles and values related to global peace and human welfare. Hence, they have greatly contributed to the revival of Islamic thought and have opened a wider space for the application of Islamic law pertaining to peaceful environment.

جسمانی حرکات و سکنات سے اظہار ِ جرح و تعدیل Expressions of Jarh wa Ta'dīl through Physical Movements and Postures

By going through the glory era of Muslim Ummah in history, it was revealed that they had worked with utmost determination and care in publishing and propagating knowledge from generation to generation. At every age and in every class, such people have been born who have proven to be extraordinary Scholars starving for the right knowledge rather than Dumb idlers. They took special care in every type of knowledge and above all in Science of hadith that whatever information they have spreading or narrating, did it with full assurity, even in the transcript of the shortest word. The ancient books of Tafsīr bear witness to this fact. Take the example of Tafsīr Ṭabrī, in which every sentence related to Tafsīr is stated with full authority, except that it is an expression of Ibn Jarīr Ṭabrī's own opinion. Isnād is more mentioned in the science of hadith, because it is directly related to the Sharīʿah, because like the Qurʾan, the words of the Prophet are also the source of the Sharīʿah. That's why the scholars of Hadith have constantly commented on the authenticity of every hadith and have thoroughly examined every person in it. The individual's memory, hobbies, the status of the sheikhs and teachers, etc. were examined in detail so that the prophetic words could be kept free from the mixture of lies and slander. This is a great scholarly achievement of the scholars of the Muslim Ummah which is unparalleled in the nations of the world. In case the condition of the narrators is objectionable, the narration is invalidated and the words from which the objections are raised are considered interrogative words (Jaraḥ), while the words through which the reliable status of the narrator of the hadith is clarified are called modification (Tʿadīl). Regardless of the common words, sometimes the movements and gestures have been used by the scholars in Jaraḥ and Tʿadīl, which was not explicitly Jaraḥ and Tʿadīl, However, the common sense and the understanding of the students present in front of the teacher-led to the hint of Jaraḥ or Tʿadīl. In the contents of this article, some of the indications, physical movements and postures are mentioned which make the Jaraḥ and Tʿadīl clear.

Majalah DABIQ Sebagai Medium Propaganda Pemikiran Tauhid Islamic State of Iraq and Sham (ISIS)

Extremism is an emerging threat confronted by the Muslim world today manifested in the form of a group such as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) or al-Dawlah al-Islamiyyah fi al-‘Iraq wa al-Sham (DAESH). Undoubtedly, the existence of ISIS and its violence gave negative impacts on Islam and the Muslim ummah worldwide. What is more concerning is that some Muslims in Malaysia were also influenced by ISIS and by so doing it poses threat to our national security. Thus, based on the textual analysis of ISIS document, this article seeks to examine the discourse of tawhid advocated by ISIS, considering the fact that every act committed by Muslims is usually rooted in his or her belief system. To do this, this article focuses on the discourse of tawhid as discussed in DABIQ magazine and it is chosen due to its significance since it is regarded as ISIS mouthpiece to spread its propaganda. Based on the analysis, the article identifies five key elements that constitute ISIS discourse of tawhid, namely (i) the ideological strand of Salafi-Wahabi, (ii) three divisions of tawhid, (iii) tawhid al-Wala’ wa al-Bara’, (iv) tawhid al-Hakimiyyah, and (v) takfirism. The analysis also concludes that ISIS tawhid is not consistent with the mainstream framework of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama‘ah and thus it should be repudiated.

LIFE AND THE PROBLEM OF TOLERANCE IN THE WORLDVIEW OF IMAM MATURIDI

Despite the fact that the Muslim ummah was united at the time of the emergence of Islam, over time, disputes over issues of faith and law arose between them. Conquest movements and the acquaintance of Muslims with other peoples over time led to the emergence of various trends, the dissemination of arguments and theoretical questions related to socio-political problems. At the end of this process, currents emerged that began to divide into different schools. During this period, religious and theological schools began to take their own forms. Most of these schools opposed different currents of the time and formed important schools, communicating openly or secretly with other currents. And a significant part of society began to adhere to their views. One of these schools of Maturidism originated in Transoxiana. Khorasan and Transoxiana were important regions of Iran and the Islamic world from the early centuries until the arrival of the Mongols. This region attracted attention for its geographical and natural features. Abu Mansour al-Maturidi is the leader of Ahl al-Sunnah in Transoxiana. Imam Maturidi systematically reconstructed the views associated with Islamic beliefs written in Abu Hanifa's book “Fikkhul Akbar”. Maturidi's views on Islamic theology were named by the Maturidi school because of its ability to give scientific character to its beliefs. Since most of the Hanafi scholars held the views of the faith of Imam Maturidi, he was also accepted as a mutakallim of the Hanafi school, which was formed within the views of Abu Hanifa.

عالمية الدعوة القرآنية للسلام وسبل تقريبها: قراءة في التفسير المنهاجي للإمام عبد السلام ياسين

The problem statement of this research is about Imam Yassine’s thought in his reading of Islamic past and present and Western intellectual trends, and about his long experience in the field of Da’wah, as Imam Yassine urged Muslims to be capable of handling the mission of the holy Quran. It becomes more complicated with Al-Tafsir al-Minhaji as an approach to interpret the holy Quran and ease it for Muslim youth understanding in Imam Yassine’s books about thought, education, Da’wah, mysticism and civilization. This research aims to explain how Al-Tafsir al-Minhaji concerns about the method of practicing Quranic interpretation in Da’wah for Muslim Ummah renaissance. The research also aims to highlight that achieving global peace is one of main Quranic objective that Muslim thinkers are paying a great attention to its role in dialogue between variant sectarianists and theologians. Researchers followed the descriptive and inductive methods to explore Yassine’s views about peace, civilization and argumentation. Some findings of this research: Imam Yassine confirms the necessity of coincidence between the Quranic objectives and political objectives; and calls for dialogue based on Quranic objectives and its component of wisdom and dynamic argumentation, which leads to peace. To understand the fluctuation of history in the light of Quranic exegesis, Imam Yassine scrutinized the Quranic objectives of peaceful coexistence and cultural exchange.

The Relevancy of Hisbah (Accountability) in The Modern Era: A Brief Analysis

The concept of hisbah has been proven to be a significant notion of upholding justice and combat evil, as well as the implications as a medium of enforcement units in Islam. The genuine concept of hisbah (accountability) aims to enjoin good and forbidding evil, which refers to the Islamic organizational system's administrative affairs accordingly. This institution has been evolved progressively in terms of the organizational structures, even to the appointed officers' basic scope of duties. It has been recorded that during the medieval Islamic era, the institution of hisbah has developed excellently and recognized as a blessing to the Muslim ummah. On the other hand, there are specific criticisms about its efficiency within the modern world's ambit. Thus, this paper would like to explore this institution's brief analysis as to its validity and relevancy in this modern era. Besides, throughout this paper, it is hoped that a better understanding could be gained of the development, as well as prospects of hisbah holistically.

An Islamic Perspective on Peaceful Coexistence

According to Abrahamic religions, namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam, human beings exist on the earth for a common purpose, and they have patrilineally and matrilineally descended from a single couple, namely Adam and Hawa (Eve). The Qur’an unambiguously mentions: “O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women; reverence Allah, through whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore you): for Allah ever watches over you.” Thus, it is incumbent upon human beings to live together in peace rather than constant hostility to fulfil the purpose of their existence on the earth. This paper endeavours to contribute to the understanding of the concept of ‘peaceful coexistence’ from the Islamic perspective. It specifically answers the following research questions: What is peaceful coexistence? What is necessary for peaceful coexistence? What are the fundamental principles that we must adhere to in order to coexist peacefully? The paper is structured into eight sections, beginning with introduction on the concept of ‘peace’ in Islam. The second section focuses on the main objectives of Islam. The third section is on the meaning of peaceful coexistence. The fourth and fifth sections are on the need for peaceful coexistence, and the necessary requirements and tools for peaceful coexistence respectively. The sixth section is on categorization of peaceful coexistence into: peaceful coexistence in marriage, peaceful coexistence of mankind, peaceful coexistence of the members of the Muslim ummah and peaceful coexistence of mankind and the environment. The seventh section is a summary of the Islamic principles of peaceful coexistence. The final section sums up the main conclusions drawn from this study. The translation of the ayat (verses) of the Qur’an related to this study is extracted from the work of Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’an: Text and Translation unless stated otherwise. At the end of this paper, it is hoped that the readers will: first, appreciate the message of Islam as a universal religion and the need for mutual care, mutual respect, and mutual cooperation; and second, explore the methodology of the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in managing human diversity. It is also hoped that this study will lead to a better understanding of peaceful coexistence as an integral part of Islam and one of the characteristics of the Muslim ummah. The findings of this study highlight the role of Islam in promoting peace and security. The study reveals that peaceful coexistence is a key factor in the success of human beings and it requires nurturing love, respect, care, and salam (a greeting of peace) in one’s relationship with others.

What Do Sheikh-Google And Facebook-Mufti Preach? (Theological Issues in the Muslim Blogosphere and Mobile Apps)

The article discusses what the Islamic segment of the Ru.net came to with for the twentieth anniversary of its existence. Using the communication theory of J.Habermas and based on the analysis of Gary Bunt’s work on cybernetic presence of Islam, it is considered how the development of the blogosphere and social networks change the communication and form the special type of Islamic public sphere through the personal pages of preaches - what topics and questions raised and how this commutation formulates the modern Russian Muslim’s vision. The effect of the social and cultural issues of the Muslims rules have been studied in the literature review. The Internet is turning into a kind of platform for expressing theological ideas, notation Mazhabic priorities and functioning models of the Muslim Ummah.

Qur'an as the Only Constitutive Source of Islamic Law

In The Problem of Dealing with the Prophet’s Sunnah (originally in Arabic), Al-'Alwani proposes a comprehensive and coherent concept of Prophet Muhammad’s Sunnah based on the linguistic, Qur'anic and Prophetic usages of the term Sunnah, and argues that a prophet’s saying, action or approval is authentic if evidently rooted in the Qur'an, not only narrated in a correct, honest and accurate way. Al-'Alwani stresses the Prophet’s humanness and contends that the Qur'an proves his fallibility in his ijtihad and corrects it if it was not in full conformity with the Qur'an. Hence, the Qur'an’s authority over the Sunnah. Al-'Alwani links the authentic legislative Sunnah to the Qur'an and denies that one source can abrogate the other because there can be no contradiction between them. He argues that the authentic legislative Sunnah constitutes no laws; rather, it only illustrates the Prophet’s interpretation and implementation of the laws already constituted in the Qur'an. Hence, Al-'Alwani’s argument that the Qur'an is the only constitutive source of Islamic law. He asserts that the Qur'an contains all laws explicitly or implicitly, and the Sunnah is its application. Al-'Alwani sends a clear message in this book, that is, the unity of Muslim Ummah can be reestablished only through the recognition of the Qur'an’s role in life, and the Prophet’s role in implementing it.

Legal Implication of Quran Chapter 4 Verse 3 on Muslims’ Marital Affairs

Introduction to The Problem: Bad practice of polygyny among certain members of Muslim Ummah is nothing to write home about. The practice does not conform to Islamic teachings as contained in the unambiguous provision of the ordinance in Quran Chapter 4 verse 3. The very essence of Islamic polygyny, which is geared towards protecting the interest of widows and orphan girls, is defeated among the bad practitioners of polygyny. This has resulted in ardent opposition to the practice of Islamic polygyny. The foregoing informs the reason this paper examines the legal implication of Chapter 4 verse 3 on Muslims’ marital affairs. Purpose/Objective Study: The objective of this paper is to examine the genesis and subject matter of Chapter 4 verse 3, the legal implication of Chapter 4 verse 3, and the juristic opinion on Islamic polygyny, the Muslims bad practice vis-à -vis the reality on Islamic polygyny. Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology employed in this paper is simply the doctrinal method of legal research. To the end, the paper relies the provisions of the Quran, Hadith, Juristic Views, and scholarly articles written on the subject matter of this paper. Findings: The paper reveals that the primary objectives of the legal implication of Chapter 4 verse 3 include the protection of widows, orphan girls and divorcees; abolition of unjust/bad practices in marital affairs; payment of adequate dowry to women in the event of marriage irrespective of whose ox is gored; and satisfaction of man’s desire for women and outright abolition of Zina . The paper discovers that the practice of polygyny has continued to be relevant in view of the incessant pressing needs for it. The paper also finds that the greatest challenges to Islamic polygyny are inherent in the Muslim Ummah , both on the parts of men and women. The paper recommends character adjustment for both sexes to pave the way for the true practice of Islamic polygyny. Paper Type: Research Article Â

فقہاے احناف رحمۃ اللہ علیہم کے ہاں آثار صحابہ رضی اللہ عنہم سے استفادے کی نوعیت اور اصول

As the first generation of Islamic history and the direct witnesses to the revelation of the divine law, the opinions of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) hold significant position in the Muslim theological and legal tradition. Consequently, the Muslim Ummah has treated their sayings, actions, and understanding of legal issues—often termed as āthār of the Companions—as one of the most important sources of Islamic law besides the Qur’ān and the sunnah. Their opinions and decrees constitute one of the basic foundations on which all classical legal systems are based, though there are interesting debates among them regarding the framework in which these opinions and decrees are to be used. This article analyzes the framework in which ḥanafī jurists utilized the āthār of the Companions while citing various examples from ḥanafī legal tradition.

Islamic Development Concept: A Proposal For Betterment of Muslim Ummah in the Post-Pandemic Episode

<p>Islamic civilization was the pearl of the world with multidimensional aspects of achievements, especially during the Dark Age of West civilization. In stark contrast to this, the Muslim world nowadays is experiencing a marginalized society on this planet. The majority of Muslim countries are backward educationally, socially, economically, and politically. Furthermore, the world nowadays is suffering an economic crisis due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study tries to investigate the economic development concept from an Islamic perspective, compare it with current data on OIC member countries and provide recommendations for policymakers to stave the disaster off. The study adopts a quantitative approach in form of a literature review, discourse, and critical content analysis. It found that economic development in an Islamic perspective can be defined as a multidimensional process to improve welfare, in both material and spiritual aspects. However, In reality, OIC member countries have potentials and obstacles for growth. Strengthening the education sectors, infusion of Islamic values, support SMEs' development with ICT are some recommended policies. The main contribution of this study is to assess the current condition of Muslim Ummah represented by OIC member countries, by the development concept of Islam and deliver some policies for the betterment of the ummah.</p>

The Role of Muslim Ummah in Mutidimensional Societies in The Light of Seerah of The Holy Prophet (PBUH)

Islam is the only religion that guides man in every sphere of life. From birth to death, all the needs and problems of life have been explained in it. In order to be presented as an entity in which is comprehensiveness, there will be only a model of excellence in the form of last prophet Muhammad (PBUH). His (PBUH) perfection is declared in the Holy Qur'an. The Sunnah of the Prophet (PBUH) presented every guidance of the Book of Allah to mankind in the form of action. Whether it is political, economic, social, individual, collective, and any other all aspects of life. The transparent life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is invaluable for human society. For the formation of a better human society and the well-being is necessary for every individual to perform the role model in Multidimensional society to contribute in promoting the good environment as Muslim Ummah in the world. Through these sorts of continuous practices, the society comes into being in which makes possible the protection of the lives, honor and property of every individual.

The Mediating Effects of IEAP on the Relationship Between General Cognitive Ability of Imamship and Masjid Performance in Lagos State, Nigeria

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of IEAP (Islamic ethical administrative practices) on the relationship between general cognitive ability (GCA) of Imamship and Masjid (mosque) Performance (MP) in Lagos State, Nigeria. This study utilized a quantitative approach. It employs a cross-sectional survey and administers 310 online questionnaires to the Chief Imams of central Masaajid (plural of a mosque/mosques) in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study used statistical techniques to analyze the collected data with partial least square structural - equation modelling - version 3 (PLS-SEM-V3). In the Lagos State of Nigeria, people have criticized the effectiveness of imams in theState. The critiques were raised based on the reason that the participation of Muslim Ummah in activities organized by imams is low. Ineffectiveness of imams this study aims to formulate the mediating effect of IEAP that will serve as the best administrative policy that can lead to a better management system in the Masjid to improve Masjid attendance and serve as an attraction for Muslims Ummah to come to the Masjid. The results of data on MP equally demonstrate that the Jama’ah would emulate their Chief Imams and consequently increase the performance of the Masaajid. This study recommends that with the presence of IEAP, the effectiveness of Chief Imam in promoting efficiency in MP by imbibing the knowledge/wisdom, truthfulness, responsibility/trust, and deliverance of Khutbah will increase. Finally, key benefits for practitioners and academia were discussed under the theoretical and practical contributions, while necessary suggestions for future study were recommended.

The Qur'anic Method of Teaching and Learning and its Limitations in the Present Era

Islam has made it obligatory for every Muslim to acquire knowledge. This does not mean obtaining a certificate or a degree, but to consider the phenomena of nature intellectually and rationally. When is it possible to acquire knowledge by considering the phenomena of nature? What methods are useful for this? According to Quranic instructions it is necessary to adopt a systematic and scientific approach to acquire knowledge. Qur'an briefly describes different angles of acquiring knowledge. Narrative, interrogative, question, analytical, poetic, comparative and critical methods of teaching are briefly described in the Holy Quran. The Muslim Ummah has a firm belief that the Qur'an is a comprehensive book which mentions every dry and wet, but this does not mean that the Qur'an is a manual book. This means that the Qur'an contains symbols and hints about everything. The fact that everything is mentioned in the Qur'an means that the Qur'an only provides guidance, while its interpretation requires contemplation. The method of contemplation can also be called the method of teaching and learning because the purpose of both is to acquire knowledge. The Qur'an has also provided guidance towards the method of teaching and learning. In the context of this guidance, this article has been compiled to expose new aspects of teaching and learning.

An Analytical Study of Muslim Jurists’ Opinion Regarding Sunnah

Islam is such a comprehensive, all-inclusive and basically a socialist religion, which has declared, it as an obligatory to achieve what the society needs and the factors which can be a barrier to social development, are forbidden and affixed as Haram (illegal) by Islam. In this regard after Holy Quran, Sunnah is the key to solve the problems of Muslim Ummah, which opens the door for humanity to look on that how can the obligations and prohibitions occurring in each age and time can be resolved. As for as, the analytical work of Sunnah literature is concerned it is a very high contribution in the field of Hadith and in this article titled “An analytical study of Muslim Jurist’s opinion regarding Sunnah”, it has been reviewed on that how the Sunnah has ever been a valuable and perpetual attraction from the beginning in Islamic law, due to different aspects. The term Sunnah, which is denoted as المسلوکہ الطریقہ) a fixed way) applied by the prophet as a legal term what HEصلى الله عليه وسلمsaid, did, and agreed to. It is however used to donate any of the above correlated meanings irrespective of whether the way of life custom and conduct are merely acceptable, commendable or detestable and unacceptable ones. Exemplifying the polarizing usage the prophetic tradition, reads: “whoever initiates (or revives) a meritorious Sunnah, within the frame work of Islam shall in addition to reward of intimating that particular Sunnah be endowed with the reward those who would follow his example until the day of resurrection without this diminishing in least from their sins.”In spite of the fact that the term Sunnah is technically used to contribute both good and bad conducts, it is commonly used in the context of good and acceptable way. However, in this study it has also been focused on the road map and guidelines for the Muslim community as a whole and for Jurists as a very essential.

Islam Konservatif dan Masalah Kenegaraan

This article will discuss several discussion topics related to Conservative Islam and state issues. The research method used is descriptive-historical, which describes what happened in the past, and Analytical-Evaluative in dissecting the writings of Ahmad Syafi'i Ma'arif in his book Islam and State Problems, namely the emergence of the root problems of Islamic politics in Indonesia began during a period of political schism that occurred during the revolutionary period, where Islamic organizations separated from Masjumi, causing the weakening of the political power of the Muslim Ummah in Indonesia. As for Syafi’i Ma’arif's view of the debate that took place in the Constituent Assembly, he was openly grateful that the efforts of Islamic figures who wanted to make Islam the basis of the Indonesian state failed to materialize. So what will happen is great difficulty to implement it in the modern era, because all of this is the result of their ijtihad long before the fall of the Baghdad caliphate and he affirms his stance that efforts to turn Indonesia into an Islamic state, even if it is legal according to the Constitution in 1999 1950 was an unrealistic premature attempt because a solid religious intellectual foundation for such a building had not yet been created