Muslim-majority Areas Research Articles

Muslim Consumer Behavior in Consuming Halal Food in Muslim Minority Communities

Consumption is an important factor that drives production and distribution activities. Halal food consumption is increasingly becoming a concern, especially in non-Muslim majority countries. As Indonesia's leading tourism destination, Bali has great potential to contribute to economic growth through MSMEs. Halal food consumption preferences are easier to find in Muslim-majority areas but have become an interesting issue in areas with Muslim minorities, especially in understanding halal consumption choices in these communities. This reflects challenges in the distribution and accessibility of halal products in some areas. This study aims to analyze Muslim consumer preferences for halal food consumption in minority Muslim communities in Bali Province. This research uses an associative quantitative approach. Data were obtained from primary data and secondary data. The sample analyzed was 390 using a questionnaire. The tests carried out include the data stationarity test, lag optimum, model stability, Granger causality, and cointegration. The results showed that: 1) Price is not a significant factor for Muslim consumers in minority communities; halal and spiritual beliefs are prioritized. 2) Taste is an essential factor, where consumers choose halal food that suits local flavors and culture. 3) Trust in halal labeling is crucial, especially in areas with limited information on halal products. 4) Religiosity remains a key driver in halal food consumption, with high levels of religiosity in minority communities in Bali. 5) Subjective norms significantly influence Muslim consumer preferences in consuming halal food 6) Limited accessibility of halal food forces consumers to rely on local communities and halal labels. Based on the results of the analysis conducted, it can be concluded that although Balinese society is generally not dominated by Muslim consumers, these factors remain relevant for the halal food market in Bali, especially for Muslim tourists or local Muslim consumers who are looking for products that are by their beliefs.

Voices from the Pulpit: Islamic Religious Leaders’ Perspectives on Green Open Space Corruption and Their Prevention Efforts in Bandung

This article examines the views of Islamic religious figures regarding the Green Open Space (RTH) corruption case in Cisurupan Village, Cibiru District, Bandung City, as well as their role in preventing similar corruption. Considering that the majority of Cisurupan residents are Muslim, this research highlights the views of religious figures from various backgrounds. Qualitative research methods with a field study approach were used. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with four religious figures who play a role in society, education, MUI, and government, as well as secondary data from literature and internet sources. Data analysis compares interview results with literature to understand the perceptions and role of religious figures in RTH corruption cases. The research results show that religious figures' views on corruption vary. Some consider corruption a religious violation due to a lack of understanding of religious teachings, while others see it as a personal choice influenced by individual and environmental factors. The role of religious figures in preventing corruption includes moral education, anti-corruption outreach, and education on the values of honesty in schools. The conclusion of this research shows that the views and roles of religious figures are greatly influenced by their social background, personal experiences and position in society. This research provides insight into the perceptions and roles of Islamic religious leaders in preventing corruption in Muslim-majority areas. It is recommended that further research involve more religious figures for a more comprehensive understanding.

Pluralism in Religious Life in Indonesia: Tolerance in Gorontalo and Manado Regions

This paper concentrates on religious life in two regions, namely Manado and Gorontalo. In this paper, it is found that plural life is very tolerant among religious people as evidenced by the lack of religious conflicts, both in Muslim-majority areas in Gorontalo and Muslim minorities in Manado. The problem in this paper is how the religious process takes place and is lived by the Muslim minority community in Manado, and how the Muslim majority community interacts with non-Muslim minority groups in Gorontalo, as well as how the differences between these two environments survive in a harmonious interfaith environment. To analyze the problem, qualitative analysis is used with observational data collection methods, interviews, and documents. Research findings show that religious life in Manado and Gorontalo as pluralist areas seems tolerant, but the tolerance is pseudo. This is because most people in both regions choose to live in the same settlement with followers of the same religion and do not mingle with different religions.

"This Absolutely Is Not a Hui Rebellion!": The Ethnopolitics of Great Nationality Chauvinism in Early Maoist China

Abstract: Through the 1950s, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) considered nationality disunity to be a product of "great Han chauvinism." But what happens when history's bad guys are not Han? In parts of China's Northwest, the party identified Hui Muslim elites as the main agents of nationality exploitation and Tibetans as their principal targets. It therefore declared Tibetans of all classes to be victims of nationality exploitation and ordered that "good" Muslims be distinguished from "bad," a task made more urgent by a string of uprisings that engulfed several Muslim-majority areas of the Qinghai-Gansu Highlands from 1949 to 1953. While echoes can be found in the late Qing state's response to Muslim rebellion, this article argues that the CCP's approach to the "Hui question" must be viewed as part of a particular practice of minoritization and a framework for conceptualizing the new socialist nation-state that would leave Muslims and other non-Han communities susceptible to majoritarian-state violence.

Production Process Analysis Based on Halal Assurance System

Companies located in Muslim-majority areas do implement a halal guarantee system in their production process, because otherwise it will certainly affect public trust. In this regard, this study aims to analyze the application of the halal assurance system in the production process and the company's compliance with halal standards. This research was conducted at PT Keloria Moringa Jaya Medan. This study used qualitative research methods. Collecting data with observation techniques, interviews, and documentation studies. The data collection focuses on the production process of PT Keloria Moringa Jaya Medan. The results of the study show that the materials used in the production process already have a halal label or are halal certified. PT Keloria Moringa Jaya Medan also has halal certification from BPJPH which is valid for international and national levels. Special steps are taken to ensure product halalness, namely the cleanliness and health of employees, as well as the use of gloves and hand sanitizers in the production process. They implemented a policy of using halal raw materials and made an agreement in the form of a banner that was posted on the front page of PT Keloria Moringa Jaya Medan. There is also a halal supervisor in charge of production quality control.

Conversion of Convensitonal Cooperatives to Improve the Islamic Economic

Purpose - This study aims to determine the influence of perceptions in terms of Islamic economics of converting cooperatives into Islamic cooperatives. Methodology/approach – This research is a quantitative descriptive type, a sample of 120 members and management of the Cooperative, research from August to October 2022, data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests and linear regression techniques. It Research findings, the results of this test obtained a tcount of 3.960 and a ttable of 1.981. The value of tcount > ttable means that there is an influence between the variables X and Y. The perceptions of members and management of cooperatives that convert Islamic cooperatives from an Islamic economic perspective have a significant effect on becoming Islamic cooperatives. Novelty/value – There are many factors that fail to convert sharia and do not develop sharia cooperatives. The novelty of this study examines the perceptions of Islamic economics in Muslim-majority areas.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Nasabah Setelah Konversi Dari Bank Konvensional Menjadi Bank Syariah Indonesia (Bsi) (Studi Penelitian Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia di Kabupaten Pidie)

Conversion of Conventional Banks to Indonesian Sharia Banks is carried out in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations in Indonesia. This research was conducted at Bank Syariah Indonesia Pidie District Branch. Customer protection after the conversion of Conventional Banks to Indonesian Islamic Banks is very important. Aceh is a Muslim-majority area, making it easier to implement the Islamic banking system, especially after the birth of Aceh Qanun Number 11 of 2018 concerning Islamic Financial Institutions. This legal research aims to identify and explain the regulation of conversion of conventional banks to Bank Syariah Indonesia , especially in Pidie District, Aceh. Then to find out and explain legal protection for customers after conversion from conventional banks to Bank Syariah Indonesia . This research is an empirical research with the type of qualitative research and the nature of descriptive research with data sources, namely primary data obtained by conducting field research (filed research), and secondary data obtained by conducting library research. The results of this study indicate that the Regulations concerning the Conversion of Conventional Banks to Indonesian Sharia Banks are regulated in Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking, POJK Number 64/POJK.03/2016 concerning Changes in Business Activities of Conventional Banks to Sharia Banks, Aceh Qanun Number 11 of 2018 concerning Islamic Financial Institutions, besides that, various related laws are also regulated, including; OJK Law and Bank Indonesia Law. The legal protection provided to customers of Bank Syariah Indonesia , the Pidie Regency Branch is still weak, in the sense that there are still many complaints from the public regarding its services, for example the system often has errors that prevent customers from transacting. However, the Indonesian Sharia Bank of Pidie Regency has made maximum efforts in providing protection to its customers both in terms of trust, fund management, and also distributing education to its customers. It is recommended for the Government to socialize the conversion of Conventional Banks to Bank Syariah Indonesia . Customer protection must be provided from the start, namely by providing informative information on the existence of Bank Syariah Indonesia

Abstract A021: Cancer disparities among Muslim women: Population identification by name

Abstract Background: A total of 3.5 million American Muslims live in the United States (US), representing 1% of the total population. Over 50% of American Muslims are foreign-born [1]. Racially, American Muslims are very diverse religious groups in the US with no majority race, split as 25% Black, 24% White, 18% Arab, 18% Asian, 7% mixed race, and 5% Hispanic [2]. In terms of origin, Middle Eastern Countries represent 41% of the entire Muslim community in the US [3]. In the last two decades, the population growth trajectory of the American Muslim community has been doubling; the projection was 2.6 million (0.8 %) in 2010 and is expected to be 6.2 million (1.7%) in 2030 [4]. Virginia has the second-largest Muslim population in the US by the percentage of the population, with an estimated 2.7% [2]. Much of that population is concentrated in Northern Virginia and the Richmond Area [5]. Our previous work showed that Muslim women seek cancer care at an advanced stage. However, we had a limitation in identifying Muslim women in the VCU health system as most Muslims do not share their religion at registration [6]. We created an algorithm to identify Muslim patients by name to address this issue. Methods: Identifying patient populations by name has been done by the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) to better identify Hispanic populations. Their algorithm uses family names and county of residence information [7]. Our algorithm uses Names only at this time. We used a collection of Middle-Eastern names from a publicly available database [8]. We excluded names frequently used in the United States; examples include Maria, Sarah, and Daniel. Then we used the Names in the database to heuristically identify patients with Middle-Eastern origin. Results: We identified 165 female Muslim cancer patients between 2012 and 2021 at VCU Health System, a 260% improvement compared to our previous work without the new identification algorithm. Similar to our previous work, the extended cohort shows that Muslim women are diagnosed with late-stage breast cancer more frequently than non-Muslim women (20% vs. 14%, p-value = 0.04). Conclusion: Our algorithm to identify Muslim patients made a difference in the patient cohort size, making it possible to do a more robust analysis and draw statistically significant conclusions. Future work: Our algorithm needs further improvement. Currently, we are focusing on Middle-Eastern names, we plan to be more inclusive with additional Muslim majority areas. Citation Format: Tamas S. Gal, NourEldin Abosamak, Fariha Tariq, Nevena Skoro, Rana Ramadan, Asmaa Namoos. Cancer disparities among Muslim women: Population identification by name [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A021.

Private school choice among Muslim parents: the public–private school decision in Delhi, India

This article examines Muslim parents’ private school choice, their understanding of public–private schooling and how they navigate the choice between fee-free public schools and fee-charging private schools. This article draws on qualitative data from open-ended, semi-structured interviews with 38 parents from Muslim-majority areas in Delhi, India. The findings show that parents choose private schools for several reasons, such as their proximity, discipline, emphasis on Islamic teachings and values, safety and caring teachers. The analysis suggests that structural and social factors influence and construct parents’ choice of a particular school. The neighbourhood where they reside, their minority status, their socio-economic and demographic profile, and the type of schools that are available to them influence their decision making.

Challenges Faced by Ulama in using Sinhala as a Second Language

The natives of Sri Lankans speak Sinhala, Muslims in the east who live in Muslim-majority areas and whose mother tongue is Tamil have a variety of problems in learning Sinhala. As a response, the purpose of this study is to assess Ulamas’ capability in Sinhala languagein the Sammanthurai region of eastern province, as well as the problems they experience in learning Sinhala. This research is based on quantitative data. The data was acquired using questionnaires from 50 people who have graduated as Ulama in the recent 5 years in Sammanthurai as a primary data. Research publications, journals, and the Internet were used to gather secondary data. MS Excel was applied to inspect the information gathered. The study’s findings show that, though everyone agrees it is essential to recognize Sinhala, they face a range of difficulties in using it.

HOW RELIGIOSITY, KNOWLEDGE, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MUZAKKI AFFECT ZAKAT COMPLIANCE

Several things affect the achievement of targets, such as internal and external factors of the zakat management organization. The level of compliance with paying zakat is one of the external factors that can affect the receipt of zakat. So, this research will examine indicators that affect the level of compliance to pay zakat in Indonesia, using religiosity, knowledge, and characteristics of muzakki. The approach in this research is a quantitative approach with probit regression. This research collects 200 respondents as samples from Muslim-majority areas, such as East Java, Yogyakarta, Central Java, and South Sulawesi. It is hoped that this research will find indicators that can influence the level of muzakki compliance in paying zakat. The probit regression results, of all the variables used, there are two significant variables, namely religiosity and knowledge. Meanwhile, demographic variables such as age, income, education, marital status, and gender are insignificant because some people who pay zakat are not based on whether they have reached nishab. They always set aside 2.5% of their income for zakat after payday. The statement reinforces other evidence that people who pay zakat in Indonesia are more driven by factors of faith and trust. Theoretically, this study offers a new research model to explain muzakki compliance in paying zakat. Empirically, this research contributes to zakat managers' focus programs on increasing religiosity and knowledge of muzakki.

THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE OF NON-MUSLIM LEADERS IN INDONESIAN MUSLIM MAJORITY COMMUNITIES

One of the issues that often arise in the national politics and up to now is still warm is the rejection of non-Muslim leadership in the Muslim community. This problem arises due to differences in the views of scholars in understanding the verses of the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet. In order to solve these problems, this article seeks to find sources of library data and then describes the reality of non-Muslim leadership in Indonesia. The results showed that the scholars differed in opinion regarding the permissibility of non-Muslim leaders. First, forbid choosing non-Muslim leaders because they have similarities in interpreting lafadz awliya 'with helpers and leaders. Second, they allow non-Muslim leaders for Muslim-majority areas because they hold the view that lafadz awliya' is no longer appropriate in the current context. In the perspective of Islam, a leader is called the caliph al-nubuwwah as the successor of the Prophet in world affairs, religion, or the state, therefore the law authorizing non-Muslims to handle the affairs of Muslims is haram, the law is like asking non-Muslims for help to fight rebels, and so on. as well as taking care of the affairs of the Muslims in general, this is in accordance with the letter al-Maidah verse 51 concerning the inability to control the administrative affairs of the Muslims to non-Muslims

Pemilihan Pemimpin Non-Muslim di Wilayah Mayoritas Muslim Perspektif Nahdatul Ulama dan Mummadiyah

This article discusses non-Muslim leaders in the region choosing Muslims from the views of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. The formulation of the problem to be answered in this study is What is the leadership succession procedure in Islam? (2) What is the fiqh view of non-Muslim leadership? (3) What is the view of the Islamic community organizations Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah on the law of choosing non-Muslim leaders in Muslim-majority areas?The type of research used by the author is library research which is guided by data processing and is also obtained from various literature related to the title of this article which is sourced from primary data and secondary data. The research approach used is a political approach. The results of this study indicate that the leadership succession procedure in Islam there is no standard and standard procedure set by the Al-Qur'an and Hadith, but the jumhur of ulama agrees that leaders in Islam are chosen in two ways, namely appointed by ahlul halli wal aq in the election committee and appointed by the previous leader. The majority of fiqh scholars view that non-Muslim leadership in Muslim-majority areas is not allowed because their leadership is not valid according to Islamic sharia, unless these non-Muslim leaders lead and control in non-Muslim-majority areas. Meanwhile, in the view of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah regarding the law of choosing non-Muslim leaders, there is already a fatwa stipulation from the two organizations that it is haram to choose non-Muslim leaders but Nahdlatul Ulama provides a little leeway by exempting in an emergency.Keywords: Non-Muslim Leaders, Succession, Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah

Safari Dakwah Berbasis Islam Mahasiswi KKN STIBA Makassar di Dusun Dasan Bagik, Lombok Timur

Dasan Bagik Village is a Muslim majority area that maintains Islam in the midst of existing religious diversity. This Islamic value is also passed down to the next generation. The purpose of implementing Community Service (KKN) is as a form of community service which is a pillar of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. The method of implementing community service in Dasan Bagik Village begins with mapping the problems and needs of the community throught SOAR analysis. After the mapping is done, a work program is prepared in accordance with the needs of the local community. So the work programs that have been initiated are the teaching at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, teaching adult Al Quran (tahsin), daurah pra ta’rif and Sholeh Children Festival (FAS). The result of the implementation of this work program show that the general public is very enthusiastic. This is evident from the change in society after following some of the work programs above. Like muslim womenwho have begun to be able to read the Koran according the correct tajwid principles, the practice of discussing Arabic is active among students of Tsanawiyah madrasah, and children who are confident in displaying their abilities in public.

Accession to Annexation: A coercive legal measure in UN-Recognized Disputed territory of Jammu &Kashmir

With the partition of British India, two independent states came into being by a result of the messy transfer of power from British colonial rule to two newly independent states of India and Pakistan. Both have celebrated over seventy anniversaries. The partition pact allowed the people to decide their future on the basis of Two-Nation theory, i.e. Hindu majority areas were to be a part of India, whereas Muslim majority areas were to be assimilated to newly-born Pakistan. The place of Kashmir, as being a Muslim-majority area, among these new nations, was hotly debated. However, an adequate solution was prevented when India sent her troops to occupy J&K forcibly under the garb of self-concocted temporary instrument of accession. This paper will discuss the partition plan juxtaposed with the Resolutions made by the United Nation on Kashmir, making of Constituent assembly till the abrogation Article 370 of Indian constitution which guaranteed special status to disputed state of Jammu Kashmir

Pendidikan Agama Islam Dan Tantangannya

This article aims to find out about Islamic education and the challenges in its implementation in Jayapura City. The method of data collection was carried out by interviews, observation and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The data which has been classified are made narrative by giving an interpretation and data display. The results of this study found that religious education in non Muslim majority areas like Jayapura is facing serious challenges. Besides it demanded to give contribution, Islamic education must be able to adapt with others religious group. For Muslims internal it becomes something that should be implemented, they should performance activities that also respect to other religions and also expected to give contribution in actualizing human being who are able to compete in global world but also still on the values of submission to Allah SWT. For that reason, Islamic education in Jayapura must be adapt with the religious life conditions where it can create a harmony and peaceful life of people and Islamic education are also required to arrange the fundamental change steps and seek innovative alternative education models.

Do Individual Factors, Religiosity Factors, and Demographic Factors Predict Intention to Pay Zakat?

Indonesia has a promising zakat potential; however, the amount of zakat payments is low. The primary objective of this study is to examine what factors influence an individuals intention to pay zakat. This research integrates individual factors, religiosity factors, and demographics factors. About 300 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents in a Muslim-majority area (i.e. Surakarta City), and 223 cases were deemed usable. The data have been analysed using structural equation modelling. This paper finds that attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behaviour control positively affect the intention to pay zakat. Furthermore, religiosity factors and demographic factors also positively affect the intention to pay zakat except for the Islamic education background variable. Theoretically, this study offers a new research model to explain the behaviour of Muzakki in paying zakat. Practically, this study contributes to providing valuable insights for zakat institutions to establish a policy to collect zakat based on individual perspectives.

Ru’yat al-aqallīyāt al-muslimah hawla al-tadayyun: Mawqif jayl al-shabāb fi Manado

This article presents data on the religious attitudes of Muslim minority communities. Similar themes have been studied considerably, but most of them are researched in the Muslim majority areas. Therefore, the author tries to delve into the same topic, but it investigates a different locus, namely how the religious views and attitudes of Muslim minority youth in Manado. The findings reveal that the attitudes and behavior of Muslim youth in Manado towards diversity tend to be conservative with scriptural and puritanical features. However, their basic attitude is highly open towards moderate values and principles, with a decent respect for individual freedom and human rights, even though norms and culture constrain them, this shows a paradox. On the one hand, they show a tolerant attitude, but on other certain aspects or problems, their attitude tends to be intolerant. In its context, the attitudes and religiosity of these Muslim youths have sparked social change in the City of Manado.

The rise of Hindu nationalism in historical perspective

ABSTRACT The article traces the rise of Hindu nationalism and its rise to power. It identifies three major variables responsible for Hindu nationalism’s rise and success. First, British historiography that made the Hindu-Muslim animosity the centerpiece for historical analysis in order to justify British rule coupled with a deliberate policy of divide and rule that widened the chasm between the two communities. Second, the writings of Savarkar and other ideologues such as Golwalkar that presented this dichotomy starkly and painted the Indian Muslim as the quintessential “other” thus arguing that Hindus alone were the real owners of the land and Muslims were interlopers. Third, and possibly the most important, the partition of the country in 1947 that hived away the Muslim majority areas from India thus rendering Indian Muslims demographically and politically marginal if not irrelevant in independent India thus paving the way for the eventual capture of power by Hindu nationalists.

Exploring Association of Economic Ties and Social Interaction Between Minorities and Muslims in Pakistan

Financial The socio-political adjustment and economic well-being of minority groups has been reported as one of the important issues in the recent time in Pakistan. The study was conducted to know the adjustment issues of Christians and Sikhs minorities in District Peshawar and Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan. More specifically, the aim of this study was to explore how Sikhs and Christian minorities in Pakistan are adjusted in the social fabric of Muslim majority areas and to what extent their economic ties with Muslims are strengthening their overall social interaction in the area. A total of 372 respondents from the targeted locales were selected through proportional allocation through Sekaran table and data was collected based on five-point Likert scale. The economic activities of the minorities were selected as independent variables while the level of social interaction was obtained as dependent variables. The collected data was analysed at uni-variate level through frequency distribution and Chi square test was performed at bi-variate level. It was found that minorities are fully enjoying participation in the economic activities which results in strong social ties and interaction in their daily lives with Muslim majority in the study area. However, it was also found that the minorities are still underprivileged in the area of economic and business activities in Pakistan.