Group Music Therapy Research Articles

EE369 Soothing the Soul: Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Group Music Therapy in Reducing Clinically-Significant Agitation Among People with Dementia

This study estimates the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of group music therapy (MT) in reducing clinically-significant agitation among people with dementia (PWD) as compared to treatment as usual (TAU). We aim to better define the cost-effectiveness of MT among this population and expand on existing literature.

Music therapy, neural processing, and craving reduction: an RCT protocol for a mixed methods feasibility study in a Community Substance Misuse Treatment Service

BackgroundMusic therapy has been shown to be effective for multiple clinical endpoints associated with substance use disorder such as craving reduction, emotion regulation, depression, and anxiety, but there are a lack of studies investigating those effects in UK Community Substance Misuse Treatment Services (CSMTSs). Furthermore, there is a demand for identifying music therapy mechanisms of change and related brain processes for substance use disorder treatment. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of music therapy and a pre-test, post-test, and in-session measurement battery in a CSMTS.MethodsFifteen participants, from a community service based in London, will take part in a mixed-methods non-blind randomized-controlled trial. Ten participants will receive six-weekly sessions of music therapy in addition to the standard treatment offered by the CSMTS—five of them will receive individual music therapy and five of them will receive group music therapy—while a further five participants will act as a control group receiving standard treatment only.Satisfaction and acceptability will be evaluated in focus groups with service users and staff members following the final treatment session. Moreover, attendance and completion rates will be monitored throughout the intervention. Subjective and behavioral indexes will be assessed before and after the interventions to explore the effects of music therapy on craving, substance use, symptoms of depression and anxiety, inhibitory control, and will be correlated with associated neurophysiological signatures. In-session analysis of two individual music therapy sessions will serve to explore how music and emotion are processed in the brain within the therapy. The data collected at each step will be included in an intention-to-treat analysis basis.DiscussionThis study will provide a first report on the feasibility of music therapy as an intervention for participants with substance use disorder engaged within a community service. It will also provide valuable information regarding the implementation of a multifaceted methodology that includes neurophysiological, questionnaire-based, and behavioral assessments in this cohort. Notwithstanding the limitation of a small sample size, the present study will provide novel preliminary data regarding neurophysiological outcomes in participants with substance use disorder that received music therapy.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT0518061, Registered 6 January 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05180617

Impact of music therapy and hand massage in the pediatric intensive care unit on pain, fear and stress: Randomized controlled trial

PurposeThis study was performed with the aim of assessing the effect of music therapy and hand massage on pain, fear and stress among 12–18 year-old adolescents treated in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). DesignThis study was a randomized controlled trial, with single-blind design. MethodsThe adolescents were divided into groups with 33 receiving hand massage, 33 receiving music therapy and 33 in the control group. Collection of data used the Wong-Baker FACES (WB-FACES) Pain Rating Scale, Children's Fear Scale (CFS) and blood cortisol levels. FindingsIn the study, adolescents in the music therapy group had lower mean points for WB-FACES before, during and after the procedure by a significant level compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CFS mean points before and during the procedure were lowest in the music therapy group, while the music therapy and massage groups were determined to have lower points by a significant level after the procedure compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, when the mean cortisol levels of adolescents before the procedure and on the 1st and 2nd day after the procedure were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). ConclusionsIt was determined that hand massage and music therapy were more effective than standard care at reducing pain and fear levels during blood drawing among 12–18-year-old adolescents in the PICU. Practice implicationsNurses may use music therapy and hand massage to manage fear and pain related to blood drawing in the PICU.

P43 MUSIC THERAPY IN HAEMODYNAMICS: PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CHANGE IN VITAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES

Abstract Introduction Patients undergoing invasive procedures may have abnormal emotional reactivity that can lead to impaired vital signs. Music has been shown to modify physiological responses, but there is insufficient data in the literature to demonstrate the relationship between the improvement in vital signs and listening to music during interventional procedures. The aim of this study is to investigate how listening to music modifies vital signs in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods Patients admitted to the Campus Bio–Medico University Hospital of Rome for diagnostic coronary angiography were included in the study. During the procedures, patients listened to music selected by an experienced music therapist. The songs belonged to 6 musical genres and were also evaluated for agogic, tempo, and tonality. 7 phases were defined for the collection of vital signs (from the arrival in the waiting room to the stay in the "recovery room"). The results were compared with a homogeneous group of patients undergoing the same procedures. Results During phase 3 (insertion of the introducer), the mean systolic blood pressure was lower in the music therapy group than in the control group (139.9+–23.9 vs 145+–25.5 mmHg; p=0.529). During phase 2 (entering the room), mean oxygen saturation was higher in the music therapy group than in the control group (96 1.5% vs 95.4 1.8%; p=0.212). In all phases, the mean heart rate was lower in the music therapy group than in the control group (70.7+–10.8 vs 75+–18.1 bpm; p=0.33). The lowest mean systolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded while listening to the Adagio and with 2/4 tempo tracks (mean systolic blood pressure 143,3+–26,9 mmHg; mean heart rate 69,7+–9,3 bpm). Conclusions This study was the first one to focus on changes in vital signs during music therapy in patients undergoing interventional cardiology procedures. Patients receiving music therapy showed a reduction in heart rate in all phases, a reduction in systolic blood pressure in phase 3, and an improvement in oxygen saturation in phase 2 compared with the control group. This approach may reduce the need for drug sedation and its side effects. The results are preliminary and require further analysis with a larger sample size.

Virtual Group Music Therapy for Apathy in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study.

To evaluate the effect of virtual group music therapy on apathy in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Apathy affects 40% of people with PD, lacks effective therapies, and independently predicts poorer quality of life and greater caregiver burden. Music therapy is the clinical application of music to address a person's physical or emotional needs and is effective in treating apathy in dementia. People with idiopathic PD and apathy (Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, apathy item ≥ 2) and their caregivers participated in twelve, weekly virtual group music therapy sessions, with session attendance signifying adherence. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention assessments of apathy (Apathy Scale (AS)), quality of life (Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-short form), functional ability (Schwab & England Activities of Daily Living Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)), and cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Blind). Among secondary outcomes, we assessed caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview-short form) and strain (Multidimensional Caregiver Strain Index). Sixteen PD participants (93.8% men, mean age 68.3 ± 8.4years, median 6 years PD duration) and their caregivers (93.8% women, mean age 62.6 ± 11years) completed the study. All PD participants and 88% of caregivers were >70% adherent to the intervention. Apathy (AS, effect size = 0.767, P = 0.002) and depression (BDI-II, effect size = 0.542, P = 0.03) improved, with no change in caregiver measures. Group music therapy is an effective treatment for apathy in PD and may improve mood. The virtual format is a feasible alternative to in-person sessions with high adherence and satisfaction.

Group music therapy for people living with mental health conditions in the community: A pilot longitudinal quantitative micro-analysis study

ABSTRACT Introduction Music therapy has growing evidence for its effectiveness in mental health. People with mental health conditions often face significant barriers in obtaining personal valued social roles and feeling a sense of belonging to their community. Overcoming these barriers is an important step in the recovery process. This pilot study investigated whether long-term group music therapy might have an impact on participants’ social skill development, group cohesion and expression of emotional states. Method The study was an exploratory, retrospective, quantitative, longitudinal single-case study (N = 8). Five video recorded sessions were selected and micro-analyzed by independent raters, who rated the Group Environmental Scale (n = 8) and Individual Behavior Observation Categorization scale (n = 4). Statistical analysis was carried out to identify trends over time. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04435405). Results A longitudinal improvement was found in the group domains of Relationship (1.6-fold), Personal growth (1.9-fold) and System maintenance (1.5-fold) along the 9-month follow-up period. On the individual level, an improvement was found over time in social skills and group cohesion (4.85-fold), affect (3.15-fold), and musical activities performances (19.9-fold). Discussion The study demonstrated longitudinal improvement trends in social skills, group cohesion and expression of emotional states (affect) in the group as a whole and in each of the four individual assessments. Future studies which will include a larger sample and longer follow-up periods are needed.

The effect and mechanisms of music therapy on the autonomic nervous system and brain networks of patients of minimal conscious states: a randomized controlled trial.

Music therapy has been employed as an alternative treatment modality for the arousal therapy of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) in clinical settings. However, due to the absence of continuous quantitative measurements and the lack of a non-musical sound control group in most studies, the identification of the specific impact of music on DOC patients remains challenging. In this study, 20 patients diagnosed with minimally consciousness state (MCS) were selected, and a total of 15 patients completed the experiment. All patients were randomly assigned to three groups: an intervention group (music therapy group, n = 5), a control group (familial auditory stimulation group, n = 5), and a standard care group (no sound stimulation group, n = 5). All three groups received 30 min of therapy five times a week for a total of 4 weeks (20 times per group, 60 times in total). Autonomic nervous system (ANS) measurements, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and functional magnetic resonance-diffusion tensor imaging (fMRI-DTI) were used to measure the peripheral nervous system indicators and brain networks, and to evaluate patients' behavior levels. The results reveal that PNN50 (p = 0.0004**), TP (p = 0.0003**), VLF (p = 0.0428**), and LF/HF (p = 0.0001**) in the music group were significantly improved compared with the other two groups. Such findings suggest that the ANS of patients with MCS exhibits higher activity levels during music exposure compared to those exposed to family conversation or no auditory stimulation. In fMRI-DTI detection, due to the relative activity of ANS in the music group, the ascending reticular activation system (ARAS) in the brain network also exhibited significant nerve fiber bundle reconstruction, superior temporal gyrus (STG), transverse temporal gyrus (TTG), inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), limbic system, corpus callosum, subcorticospinal trace, thalamus and brainstem regions. In the music group, the reconstructed network topology was directed rostrally to the diencephalon's dorsal nucleus, with the brainstem's medial region serving as the hub. This network was found to be linked with the caudal corticospinal tract and the ascending lateral branch of the sensory nerve within the medulla. Music therapy, as an emerging treatment for DOC, appears to be integral to the awakening of the peripheral nervous system-central nervous system based on the hypothalamic-brainstem-autonomic nervous system (HBA) axis, and is worthy of clinical promotion. The research was supported by the Beijing Science and Technology Project Foundation of China, No. Z181100001718066, and the National Key R&D Program of China No. 2022YFC3600300, No. 2022YFC3600305.

Group music therapy with songwriting for adult patients with long-term depression (SYNCHRONY study): a feasibility and acceptability study of the intervention and parallel randomised controlled trial design with wait-list control and nested process evaluation

BackgroundDespite effective treatments, one fifth of patients develop chronic depression. Music therapy may offer a different approach. This study aimed to assess feasibility and acceptability of a music therapy intervention and trial methodology.MethodsA parallel two-arm randomised controlled trial with wait-list control, mixed feasibility/acceptability measures and nested process evaluation. Adults with long-term depression (symptom duration > 1 year) were recruited from community mental health services and computer randomised to 42 sessions of group music therapy with songwriting three times per week or wait-list control. Depression, social functioning, distress, quality of life, satisfaction and service use were assessed by blinded researchers at enrolment, 1 week and 3 and 6 months post-therapy. Outcomes were analysed descriptively, controlling for baseline covariates. Recruitment (number eligible, participation and retention rates) and intervention (fidelity, adherence) feasibility were assessed using pre-defined stop–go criteria. Attendance, adverse events, mood, relationship satisfaction and semi-structured interviews were analysed in a nested process evaluation.ResultsRecruitment processes were feasible with 421 eligible, 12.7% participation and 60% (18/30) retention. Thirty participants were randomised to intervention (N = 20) and control (N = 10). Session attendance was low (mean 10.5) with four withdrawals. Music therapist adherence was good but changes to session frequency were suggested. Outcomes were available for 10/20 treatment and 9/10 wait-list participants. Depression increased in both arms post-therapy. Treatment depression scores fell below baseline 3 and 6 months post-therapy indicating improvement. Wait-list depression scores increased from baseline 3 and 6 months post-therapy. At 3 months, the treatment arm improved from baseline on all measures except satisfaction and functioning. At 6 months, quality of life, distress and functioning improved with reduction in health service contacts. High-attending participants improved more than low-attending. Seven adverse events (one serious) were reported.LimitationsAs this was a feasibility study, clinical outcomes should be interpreted cautiously.ConclusionA randomised controlled trial of group music therapy using songwriting is feasible with inclusion criteria and session frequency modifications, but further intervention development is required.Trial registrationISRCTN18164037 on 26.09.2016.

Process-outcome relations in music therapy versus music listening for people with schizophrenia viewed through a mediational model: the role of the therapeutic alliance.

Examine whether change in clinical outcomes for patients with schizophrenia and negative symptoms randomized to either Music Therapy (MT) or Music Listening (ML) is associated to moderators and mediators, with focus on alliance, attendance and dropout. An exploratory post-hoc analysis of data from an original randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effect of MT vs. ML for people with schizophrenia and negative symptoms. Inclusion to the study was implemented through screening of referred patients for symptoms of schizophrenia and negative symptoms. A total of 57 patients were randomly assigned, 28 to MT and 29 to ML. Session logs and notes were included in this study. Statistical analysis investigated moderator and mediator relation to outcome variables: Negative symptoms, functioning, quality of life, and retention to treatment. On average, participants in MT attended 18.86 sessions (SD = 7.17), whereas those in ML attended 12.26 (SD = 9.52), a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0078). Dropout at 25 weeks was predicted by intervention, with dropout being 2.65 (SE = 1.01) times more likely in ML than in music therapy (p = 0.009). Helping alliance score at weeks was explained by intervention, with mean score being 0.68 (SE = 0.32) points lower in ML than in MT (p = 0.042). The number of sessions attended was also explained by intervention, with participants in ML attending on average 6.17 (SE = 2.24) fewer sessions than those randomized to MT (p = 0.008). Though both groups improved significantly, improvements in negative symptoms, depression, and functioning tended to be higher in ML, whereas improvements in alliance and quality of life tended to be higher in MT. The analysis could not detect a direct link between helping alliance score and outcome variables. However, the analysis documented a stronger alliance developed in the MT group, a lower dropout rate, as well as higher attendance in treatment.Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02942459.

Effects of music therapy on anxiety in patients with cancer: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

IntroductionAlthough music therapy (MT) has been found to reduce anxiety in patients with cancer and delay tumour progression to some extent, its mechanism of action has not been determined. MT...

Music Therapy and Paediatric Chronic Pain: A Scoping Review

Chronic pain in the paediatric population is a complex and multi-faceted condition. Prevalent types of chronic pain reported in childhood include headaches, visceral pain and musculoskeletal pain. The purpose of this scoping review was to discover what is known from current literature about the effectiveness of music therapy used as a therapeutic intervention for children with chronic pain. The Arksey &amp; O’Malley scoping review methodological framework and the guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed to conduct this review. A total of five publications were included in this review. Texts discuss music therapy interventions and the current geographical locations where music therapy is incorporated into integrative medicine and rehabilitation programmes for paediatric chronic pain. All studies encourage further research within the area. Several gaps have been outlined that allude to further research of music therapy and/or music medicine for paediatric chronic pain internationally and the effectiveness of group music therapy as an intervention for the treatment paediatric chronic pain.&#x0D;

Effect of Preoperative Music Therapy Versus Intravenous Midazolam on Anxiety, Sedation and Stress in Stomatology Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Patients undergoing surgery and general anesthesia often experience anxiety, fear and stress, with negative bodily responses. These may be managed by the pre-procedural application of anxiolytic, analgesic, and anesthetic drugs that have, however, potential risks or side effects. Music therapy (MT) can be used as a complementary no-drug intervention alongside standard surgical care before, during and after medical procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preoperative MT intervention compared to premedication with midazolam on levels of anxiety, sedation and stress during general anesthesia for elective stomatology surgery. A two-arm randomized and controlled single-center, parallel-group, pre-post event study was conducted. In total, 70 patients affected by stage I or II (both clinically and instrumentally N0) micro-invasive oral cancer and undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were assigned to the control group (CG) or to the music therapy group (MTG). MTG patients received preoperative music therapy intervention (MT) from a certified music therapist before surgery, while the CG patients did not receive MT but instead received premedication with intravenous midazolam, 0.02 mg/kg. Anesthesia was the same in both groups. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at the entrance to the operating room, just before the induction of anesthesia and every 5 min until the end of surgery. An anxiety visual analogues scale (A-VAS) was used to evaluate the level of anxiety. The bispectral index (BIS) monitor was used to measure the depth of sedation just before and 10 min after both music intervention and midazolam administration. Stress response was assessed 5 min before and 20 min after surgery via the control of plasma prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol levels. The patient global impression of satisfaction (PGIS) was tested 1 h after surgery. Participants in the MTG were asked to answer 3 questions concerning their experience with MT. No statistical differences among the PRL, GH and cortisol levels between the two groups were registered before and after the treatment, as well as for PAS, PAD and HR. Significant differences in the A-VAS scores between the MTG and CG (p < 0.01) was observed. Compared to the CG, MTG patients had a statistically significantly lower BIS score (p = 0.02) before induction. A PGIS score of 86.7% revealed that patients in the MTG were very satisfied, versus 80% in the CG (p < 0.05). Preoperative music therapy could be an alternative to intravenous midazolam when aiming to promote a preoperative and post-operative state of anxiolysis and sedation in stomatology surgery, even if no differences were found in terms of the surgery-related stress response according to physiological and hormonal determinations.

Online group music therapy: proactive management of undergraduate students' stress and anxiety.

In alignment with the World Health Organization's (WHO) goal to provide comprehensive and integrated mental health services in community-based settings, this randomized control trial explored the efficacy of online group music therapy as a proactive intervention for reducing stress and anxiety in university students who do not necessarily have a diagnosis. The study took place during COVID-19 restrictions. Students who volunteered were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of weekly (1) online active group music therapy, (2) online receptive group music therapy, (3) online group verbal therapy (standard of care), or (4) no-intervention (control group). Students rated their stress (Likert scale) and anxiety [State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State version (STAI-S)], and provided heart rate variability (HRV) using a phone app, pre and post each therapy session. STAI-S and Likert stress scores significantly reduced from pre to post 45-min online music therapy sessions, with moderate evidence that these changes did not differ from the standard of care (verbal therapy). HRV results were not analyzed statistically as HRV collection was likely compromised due to challenges of remote collection. Students completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and provided a hair sample for cortisol analysis before and after the 6-week intervention. Changes in stress from week 1 to week 6 were not observed in the PSS measure; however, cortisol increased significantly in the control group as the term progressed, while it remained relatively stable in the therapy groups, suggesting therapy may lead to greater control of stress. Of participants' demographic characteristics, music sophistication, personality, and changes in quality of life, only the personality trait of conscientiousness correlated significantly with PSS, suggesting online group therapy may be beneficial for a wide range of university students. The results suggest group music therapy can be as effective as group verbal therapy. Further, the study indicates that online delivery can be achieved effectively, supporting the idea that remote therapy may be a viable option for other populations. While the study should be replicated with a larger multi-site sample, it provides one example toward achieving a health-promoting culture on university campuses, consistent with the mental health goals of the Okanagan Charter.

Effects of music therapy as an alternative treatment on depression in children and adolescents with ADHD by activating serotonin and improving stress coping ability

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of music therapy as an alternative treatment on depression in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by activating serotonin (5-HT) and improving stress coping ability.MethodsThis study is designed based on randomization method. A total of 36 subjects participated in the experiment, consisting of an ADHD control group (n = 18) and ADHD music therapy group (n = 18). The ADHD control group received standard care, while the ADHD music therapy group received music therapy and standard care. The ADHD music therapy group received both active music therapy (improvisation) and receptive music therapy (music listening) for 50 minutes, twice a week, for 3 months: a total of 24 times. From a neurophysiological perspective, changes in depression and stress were tracked by measuring 5-HT secretion, cortisol expression, blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and CDI and DHQ psychological scales.ResultsThe ADHD music therapy group’s 5-HT secretion increased (p < 0.001), whereas cortisol expression (p < 0.001), BP (p < 0.001) and HR (p < 0.001) decreased. The CDI and DHQ psychological scales also showed positive changes (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, the ADHD Con G’s (who did not receive music therapy) 5-HT secretion did not increase, whereas cortisol expression, BP, and HR did not decrease. In addition, the CDI and DHQ psychological scales did not display positive changes.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the application of music therapy as an alternative treatment for ADHD children and adolescents showed positive neurophysiological and psychological effects. Therefore, this study would like to propose a new alternative to medicine for preventing and treating depression through various uses of music therapy.

Comparing Effects of Massage Therapy and Music on Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Children: A Randomized Control Trial

Background: Nausea and vomiting are common complications of chemotherapy. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of massage and music on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in the pediatric oncology ward in 2017. Methods: The present randomized controlled trial used the convenience sampling method, and all samples were randomly assigned to two massage or music therapy groups. Accordingly, all subjects received one massage session and one music session, with one washout session between the two interventions. The severity of nausea and vomiting before, immediately after, and one hour after chemotherapy was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and after 12 hours using the adapted Rhodes index of nausea and vomiting for pediatrics by child (ARINVC). The collected was analyzed with SPSS software version 18 using the repeated measures analysis of variance, Friedman test, chi-square, Fisher's exact, and independent t-test. Results: The results showed that nausea and vomiting scores were not significantly different between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). However, the scores significantly increased in both methods immediately after the intervention, simultaneous with chemotherapy (P &lt; 0.05), and decreased below the baseline; however, they were not significantly different from the pre-intervention scores (P &gt; 0.05). In the second phase, one hour after the intervention, the scores of nausea and vomiting decreased below the baseline, which was significantly different from the pre-intervention scores (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The massage or music therapy methods revealed no difference in reducing the severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children. Nurses can use non-medicinal methods such as massage and music to reduce the complications of chemotherapy, especially nausea, and vomiting.

Music therapy in psychiatric units: evaluating its effectiveness

IntroductionResearch shows the benefits of music therapy for various mental health conditions, including depression, trauma, and schizophrenia. Music acts as a medium for processing emotions, trauma, and grief.Playing instruments can encourage emotional expression, socialization and exploration of various therapeutic themes (i.e. conflict, communication, grief, etc.).Group music therapy, measured by questionnaires and described in qualitative interviews, improved quality of life and self-esteem for people with severe mental illness (SMI).Group singing and song writing provide creative options for social connections. Music therapy should be considered as a component of holistic care for people with SMI. Jungup Lee, Thyer BA. May 2013Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment 23(5):597-609ObjectivesMusic therapy sessions are held in our hospital for people admitted to short-term hospitalization units and to psychosocial rehabilitation units. The goal of the sessions is to create a connection space, promote people’s confidence in their own resources for their recovery, and evoke valuable experiences and memories. Sometimes musicians from the community have been present in the sessions, contributing to overcoming the stigma towards mental illness.MethodsWe describe self-assessment of people admitted to psychiatric units after attending music therapy sessions. People from brief hospitalization unit filled out a survey, after each session, voluntarily, about their emotional state at the beginning of the session and after it. People from rehabilitation units, voluntarily filled the SRS V.3.0. 2002-Miller. Duncan &amp; Johnson escale.The SRS was designed for use by clinicians to assess the therapeutic alliance during therapy (Duncan BL et al. The Session Rating Scale: Preliminary Psychometric Properties of a “Working” Alliance Measure JBT 3(1) 3-12 12/14/04 3:53 PM Page 3).Results23 sessions took place for each unit. 39 patients from brief hospitalization, 22 women and 17 men, attended the sessions. 15 had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and related disorders, 13 were affective disorders, and 11 others diagnosis. All of them liked the participation either fully or partially. 76% men and 77% women felt better after, none of them reported to feel worse. 82% men and 86% women replied they would repeat the session.Patients from rehabilitation units were 7 women and 10 men. 14 had a schizophrenia related disorder and 3 had bipolar disorder. All items on the scale were scored above 9 over 10, (I felt heard, understood, and respected/ We worked on and talked about what I wanted to work on and talk about/ The therapist’s approach is a good fit for me) with an overall score of 9,62 over 10 (Overall, today’s session was right for me).ConclusionsMusic therapy sessions achieve benefits on an emotional level in any of the diagnoses, improving alliance with care teams, who value sessions as normalizing spaces, helping to overcome stigma.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Music therapy and depression : the alternative approach

IntroductionDepression is a highly prevalent disorder associated with reduced social functioning, impaired quality of life, and increased mortality. This disease is one of the most common reasons for the use of complementary and alternative therapies. Music therapy is a therapeutic approach that uses musical interaction as a means of communication and expression.ObjectivesTo assess, through a systematic review, the effectiveness of music therapy in patients with depression disorder, and to design a research protocol for a randomised controlled trial of group music therapy for depressed patients in a Psychiatry Department.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA).We systematically searched 3 databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar and SciElo) and reviewed randomized controlled trials. The evaluation of the trials was made using the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.The review included studies of 16-to-80-year-old impatients and outpatients of both genders with clinical depression using any diagnostic criteria such as ICD 10 (WHO 1992) or DSM 5 Research Diagnostic Criteria. Change in depressive symptoms was measured with various scales. An experimental protocol was then designed to conduct a randomized controlled trial for depressed patients in the Psychiatry Department at the University Hospital of Mahdia, seeking to supplement scientific knowledge in the field of music therapy that has not yet been explored.ResultsA total of 13 articles were included in the study: The analysis of these articles highlighted a predominance of Anglo-Saxon papers and an increasing rate of publication over time.The duration of treatment varied between 2 weeks and 10 weeks and the number of music therapy sessions varied between 4 sessions and 20 sessions.Two major music therapy approach were identified, active method where patients are the ones making music and receptive or passive methods where patients will receive the music.12 researches included in our review reached the conclusion that music therapy had a significant positive effect on patients as the score scales were significantly lower after the end of the therapy. Only one included research found no significant difference between music therapy group and treatment as usual.In addition the results of all studies came on the conclusion that music therapy improved symptoms of anxiety and scores were significantly lower.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that music therapy has an effect on reducing depressive symptoms to some extent. However, high-quality trials evaluating the effects of music therapy on depression are required. Thus,the aim of our study protocol is to contribute to the development of this therapyDisclosure of InterestNone Declared

Music therapy on cancer related fatigue, quality of sleep and anxiety

OBJECTIVES: Cancer is second most serious health problem and leading cause of death . Many treatment options for cancer includes surgery, chemo -therapy, radiation therapy and music therapy, hormonal therapy. Music therapy in oncology is very beneficial to patients and used to reduce the symptoms of cancer and supports the palliative cancer care. Hence effect of Music therapy on the reduction of fatigue , anxiety levels and improving quality of sleep for cancer patients were assessed. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of music therapy on cancer related Fatigue, quality of sleep and anxiety among cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative approach, Randomized control trial was used among 60 cancer patients visiting the outpatients and inpatients by probability simple random sampling technique. Cancer patients were randomly selected and allocated to experimental group and control group. Structured interview schedule stools, that is socio demographic variables, clinical variables, standardized fatigue scale, Hamilton anxiety rating scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale were used. The experimental group (N = 30) were subjected to music therapy and control group (N = 30) were not exposed. Data analysis was performed using statistical package for the social sciences version 20. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that the mean score of cancer related fatigue, Quality of sleep and Anxiety during pre test was 50.13,57.35 , 42.07 in experimental group and 52.2, 59.53 , 44.47 in control group respectively. Similarly Post test mean score was 35.37, 34 , 20.93 in experimental group and 54.53,57.1, 46.01 in control group respectively. The Paired t test P value was &lt; 0.001 in post test which was highly statistically significant at

The Effectiveness of Group Music Therapy as a Treatment for Youths with Depression

Adolescents are uniquely susceptible to depression, which is a mood disorder that causes severe symptoms which affect how one thinks, feels, and handles daily activities (Geipel et al.1: National Institute of Health). Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy are the two leading modes of treatment for youths, but pharmacotherapy has been found to increase risks of relapse and suicide (Erkkila et al. 2). Within psychotherapy, group music therapy has emerged as a strong treatment option to meet the unique needs of adolescents. Music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music intervention to accomplish individualized goals within a therapy program (American Music Therapy Association). Group music therapy allows for connections and interpersonal relationships to be built, provides an alternate form of expression, and has a collaborative aspect; this differentiates group music therapy from other types of therapy. This paper will examine what current treatment options for depression in youths are lacking, different opinions about group music therapy, and challenges against implementation of group music therapy as a widespread treatment method for depression in youths.

Effect of virtual reality and music therapy on anxiety and perioperative pain in surgical extraction of impacted third molars

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) and music therapy on anxiety and perioperative pain in patients undergoing extraction of impacted third molars. MethodsA total of 275 patients who had to undergo surgery for third-molar extraction participated in a randomized controlled trial and were divided into 3 parallel groups: music therapy intervention (n = 91), VR intervention (n = 93), and control (n = 91). The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the visual analog scale of pain intensity were used as measurements in this study. ResultsPatients in the music therapy and VR groups showed a greater reduction in anxiety level scores after third-molar extraction surgery (reduction in total anxiety in music group: 15.12; 95% CI, 13.16 to 17.08; Rosenthal r, 1.61; P < .001; reduction in total anxiety in VR group: 9.80; 95% CI, 7.66 to 11.95; Rosenthal r, 0.97; P < .001; reduction in total anxiety in control group: 6.63; 95% CI, 4.40 to 8.85; Rosenthal r, 0.62; P < .001). The intensity of pain after the intervention was lower in patients in the music therapy group than patients in the control group (P = .04). After the intervention, the music therapy and VR groups presented a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (P < .05), diastolic blood pressure (P < .05), and heart rate (P < .05) compared with the control group. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the use of music therapy and VR during third-molar extraction surgery reduces anxiety and improves the patient’s physiological parameters. Practical ImplicationsImplementation of these interventions (noninvasive, nonpharmacologic, economic) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and dentistry could improve procedures performed under local anesthesia, improving the clinical experience of patients. This clinical trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. The registration number is ACTRN12622000384752.