Musculoskeletal Complaints Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Tera Exercises to Reduce Musculoskletal Discomfort Elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali

Abstract Background: Everyone experiences musculoskeletal discomfort, and this problem will get worse with age, due to changes in the musculoskeletal system. Physical exercise is considered an effective non-pharmacological approach to reduce musculoskeletal complaints. Tera exercise is an aerobic exercise (using oxygen) because this exercise has an element of breathing exercise (breath training). Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of tera exercise to reduce musculoskeletal discomfort in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Glonggong Village, Nogosari District, Boyolali. Methods: This study uses quantitative research using pre-experimental design methods. The research design used in this study is one group pre-test and post-test design. Respondents were 18 elderly with ages ranging from 55 to 75 years in Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong, Kecamatan Nogosari, Boyolali. The instrument used is the Nordic Body Map (NBM) used to measure subjectively the musculoskeletal discomfort. The treatment given is tera gymnastics given as many as 12 sessions and each session lasts for 30-40 minutes. Data analysis techniques using the Paired Sample T Test. Result: The calculated t result for the tera exercise intervention was 10.32 with a significance value (Pvalue) of 0.001. . Because the significance value is <0.05, there is a significant difference in the pre-test scores compared to the post-test scores for the respondents' musculoskeletal discomfort, so that Ha is accepted, namely Tera exercise is effective in reducing musculoskeletal complaints in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong , Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali. Conclusion: Tera exercise is effective in reducing musculoskeletal discomfort in the elderly at Posyandu Warna Sari, Desa Glonggong, Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali. Keywords : Elderly, Tera Exercises, Musculoskeletal Discomfort

Analysis of working posture and risk of musculoskeletal complaints among vegetable farmers

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are disorders of body tissue that are related to movement, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, or spinal joints. Farmers often experience these musculoskeletal complaints. This study aims to determine the risk level of working postures, the distribution of musculoskeletal complaints, and the risk level of musculoskeletal complaints among vegetable farmers. Methods: The research method used is descriptive observational. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The number of samples obtained in this research was 147 samples. Data collection was conducted at Banjar Taman Tanda, Batunya Village, Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency. Data collection was carried out by measuring work posture with rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and measuring musculoskeletal complaints with a Nordic body map (NBM). The data analysis technique in this research is univariate analysis, namely age, gender, smoking habits, work duration, work period, work posture, and musculoskeletal complaints. Results: The research results showed that the majority of respondents had a risk level of work posture. The majority of respondents were classified as a medium risk level, 90 people (61.2%), a low-risk level, 24 people (16.3%), a high-risk level, 30 people (20.4%). %), and the risk level is very high, with the minimum number of people being three people (2.0%). The results of measuring the level of musculoskeletal complaints with NBM found that the majority of complaints were not painful in the right elbow of the body, as many as 120 people (81.6%), the majority of complaints of slight pain were in the right leg, 51 people (34.7%), the majority of complaints of pain were in. The right shoulder of the body was 43 people (29.3%), and the majority of complaints of severe pain were in the waist, 58 people (39.5%). The highest risk level for musculoskeletal complaints was at a moderate risk level, 84 people (56.5%). Conclusion: There were differences in the risk level of musculoskeletal complaints and work posture among vegetable farmers.

The Patient Population at Homeopathic Outpatient Clinics across India: A Clinical Data Collection Study.

Even though several initiatives have been undertaken in different locations worldwide to collect clinical data in homeopathy, it is important to further investigate these aspects in the context of health care in India. The study aimed to gather and analyze patients' clinical data and to derive insights into homeopathic treatment using an internet-based software program for data storage, retrieval and repertorization. A multi-center observational study was conducted across 14 homeopathy outpatient clinics in India that are affiliated with the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH). Patient symptoms and demographic details were documented anonymously, and prescriptions were guided by repertorial suggestions from the Vithoulkas Compass software. During follow-up visits, treatment outcome was also recorded using an online assessment form. A retrospective analysis of data on patients' demographics, follow-up visits, morbidity (International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision), rubrics used, prescribed medicines and the level of improvement was achieved using Microsoft Excel-generated pivot tables. Throughout the study duration of one year a total of 2,811 patients attended the 14 outpatient clinics, of whom 2,468 were new patients with a total of 2,172 initial homeopathic prescription entries. Across the study, there were 3,491 prescriptions and 1,628 follow-up consultations for 868 follow-up patients, all of which data were thoroughly analyzed. The highest frequency of patients was in the 20-49 age group, and a higher proportion of the patients overall was female. Musculoskeletal, dermatological and respiratory complaints were the most frequently reported. The rubrics "Desire for sweets" and "Desire for spices" emerged as the most commonly used in the repertorizations. Further, Sulphur stood out as the most commonly prescribed medicine overall. With homeopathic treatment, some degree of clinical improvement was reported in 86% of the follow-up cases. Homeopathy is prescribed in CCRH outpatient clinics for a wide range of ailments in people across India, with at least some clinical improvement noted in a high proportion of those patients. The large-scale systematic data collection in these clinics has provided clear insights into the use and clinical value of homeopathy in India, with the potential to build a substantive nationwide data inventory over time.

APLIKASI ALAT BANTU ERGONOMIS PADA KERJA MANUAL BERDASARKAN KAJIAN ERGO-MECHANICAL UNTUK PETANI KECIL

Using traditional tools and manual work by small farmers in rural and developing areas is routine in processing agricultural land, especially planting plant seeds. This working model includes moderate to severe workload due to additional workload, namely sunlight when planting. In addition, work is carried out with non-ergonomic work postures, namely non-natural work postures. This causes musculoskeletal complaints to workers due to the non-harmonious tools with workers. Workers' productivity will decrease and have the potential to reduce the quality of life of small farmers themselves. To help the manual work of small farmers to create effective, comfortable, safe, healthy, efficient, and sustainable jobs, an ergo-mechanical application is needed to design work tools. This application is based on studies conducted on the design of work tools from several libraries or research results. The ergo-mechanical study is an integrated system that applies ergonomic and mechanical principles. The ergo-mechanical application produces ergonomic work tools that are comfortable to use by workers, and technical standards include material, product, and service requirements. Mechanically, the application through technical drawings, mechanical planning, and work tool materials to get a strong, lightweight, and safe work tool from hazardous substances, according to technical specifications. Technical standards are related to data sheets or specifications that describe the technical characteristics of a work tool. On the specifications of the work tool design, specifications can be added that the work tools are ergonomic. Ergonomic work tools can produce effective, comfortable, safe, healthy, and efficient work. This results from the compatibility between work tools and workers or the harmonious work tools with workers. Ergo-mechanical creates comfort in work that affects the increase in productivity and quality of life for workers.

Studi Komparasi Sikap Kerja dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain Pada Perajin Rebana Desa Bungah Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik

Musculoskeletal is a system that often experiences increased loads and injuries in every job, including tambourine craftsmen. Data shows that 95% of tambourine craftsmen experience musculoskeletal complaints, of which 55% occur in the lower back area, 20% in the right shoulder area, 15% in the left shoulder area and 10% experience cramps. Objective: This research is to analyze the comparison of work attitudes with the incidence of lower back pain in tambourine craftsmen in Bungah Village, Bungah District, Gresik Regency). Method: Cross sectional survey research design with observation. The population is all tambourine craftsmen in Bungah Village, Bungah District, Gresik Regency, totaling 150 people. Meanwhile, the sample size was 110 respondents taken using simple random sampling. The independent variables are sitting work attitude and standing work attitude, while the dependent variable is the incidence of low back pain. The instrument uses a closed questionnaire. Analysis uses the Chi-Square test with alpha 0.05. Results: Research shows that almost all of the working attitudes of tambourine craftsmen (83.6%) are ergonomic sitting working attitudes, while the majority (69.1%) are standing working attitudes with low risk. Almost all complaints of low back pain among tambourine crafters (79.1%) were not low back pain. The Chi-Square test results for the sitting work attitude have a p value = 0.000 < 0.05 with OR = 18.400, and for the standing work attitude the p value = 0.000 < 0.05 with OR = 3.091. Conclusion: There is a difference in work attitude regarding the incidence of low back pain in tambourine craftsmen with a sitting work attitude having a greater risk level than standing. Monotonous work positions should be avoided and stretching should be done so that muscles do not become stiff and symptoms of lower back pain can be avoided.

The body mapping of musculoskeletal complaints for surfers

Background: Surfing is an extreme water sport that consists of various movements, including paddling, popping-up, and wave riding, and has a risk of musculoskeletal complaints. This study aimed to determine the description of musculoskeletal complaints in surfers. Methods: The study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. This study was conducted from February to May 2023 at the halfway club in Kuta Beach, Sanur Beach, and Canggu Beach using the total sampling technique with a total available population of 60 surfers. We included the sample with inclusion criteria and excluded the sample with exclusion criteria. Fifty-one surfers were eligible for the study. Data collection was carried out by interviews using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Results: Based on the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, musculoskeletal complaints in surfing players in Bali were a score of 2 (somewhat painful); most of them experienced complaints in the right knee (45.10%) and upper neck (39.22%). The risk level for musculoskeletal complaints in surfers in Bali was 46 people (90.2%) with a low-risk level and five people (9.8%) with a moderate risk level. Conclusion: The most musculoskeletal complaints in surfers in Bali are in the right knee, upper neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, waist, and ankle areas. The risk level for musculoskeletal complaints among surfers in Bali was mainly low, and some had a moderate risk level.

The usage and weight of backpacks are associated with shoulder pain complaints among elementary students

Background: In recent years, backpack use has drastically increased, especially among elementary school students. This has led to an increase in musculoskeletal complaints, such as shoulder pain, due to the duration of use and the weight of the backpacks. This study investigated the correlation between the duration of use and the weight of backpacks on shoulder pain complaints in grades IV-VI elementary school students. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational research design with a cross-sectional study design. The inclusion criteria for this study were students aged 10-12 years old, using backpacks with shoulder straps, walking to and from school. In contrast, the exclusion criteria were injuries in the shoulder region. The sampling technique employed in this study was probability sampling, specifically simple random sampling. The research was conducted at Islamic Elementary School 1 and 2 in Karangasem, Bali. The sample size was calculated using the Lameshow formula, resulting in 106 samples. Results: Based on bivariate analysis using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (r), the p-value obtained was 0.000 (p< 0.05) for both independent variables, with correlation coefficients of r = 0.570 for the duration of use variable and r = 0.709 for the backpack weight variable. Based on multivariate analysis using Multiple Linear Regression in the F-test or simultaneous test, the p-value obtained was 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between the duration of use and the backpack's weight on shoulder pain complaints, both partially and simultaneously.

The most frequent febrile syndromes and autoinflammatory diseases in adulthood

Autoinflammatory diseases are characterized by inflammatory manifestations in various organ systems, whereby recurrent febrile episodes, musculoskeletal complaints, gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms frequently occur accompanied by serological signs of inflammation. Autoinflammatory diseases include rare monogenic entities and multifactorial or polygenic diseases, which can manifest as a variety of symptoms in the course of time. Examples of monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) and the recently described VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‑linked, autoinflammatory and somatic) syndrome. For non-monogenically determined autoinflammatory diseases, the most important representatives in adulthood are adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) and the Schnitzler syndrome, in which a polygenic susceptibility and epigenetic factors are more likely to play a role.

Assessment of shoulder joint derangements with magnetic resonance imaging in adult Nigerians.

Shoulder pain secondary to various aetiologies is a common musculoskeletal complaint worldwide, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most accurate imaging method for evaluating shoulder pain in all age groups. While the patterns of shoulder MRI abnormalities in various demographics have been reported, data on sub-Sahara African populations are still sparse. This study aims to describe the imaging features and spectrum of shoulder joint pathologies on MRI in adult Nigerians. This was a retrospective review of the shoulder MRI of 100 adult Nigerians (with and without trauma) from September 2020 to December 2021. Their clinical data and shoulder MRI findings were extracted and analysed. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. There were 64 males and 36 females aged 18-82 years. Right shoulder MRI was done in 53 subjects (53%), while the left shoulder was studied in 47 (47%). Supraspinatus tendinopathy (73%), acromioclavicular joint arthropathy (68%), and subacromial-subdeltoid (SASD) bursitis (64%) were the most frequently detected pathologies. Other demonstrated derangements include glenohumeral joint effusion (24%), long head of biceps tendon sheath effusion (18%), labral abnormalities (16%), subcoracoid bursitis (4%), Hill Sach's deformity (3%), anterior glenohumeral dislocation (2%), fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus/infraspinatus muscles (2%), adhesive capsulitis (1%), and other bony abnormalities (contusion, erosion, subchondral cysts). There was no significant difference in the frequency of shoulder abnormalities between the male and female subjects. Acromioclavicular joint arthropathy, SASD bursitis, and rotator cuff disorders were the dominant pathologies in the participants' shoulders.

Ergonomic considerations for unique surgeon populations.

Surgeons are rapidly diversifying as a population, introducing new ergonomic challenges. This review describes the challenges that are experienced by special populations of surgeons including small-handed surgeons, pregnant surgeons, and trainees, and evidence-based solutions to overcome them. Small-handed and female surgeons report more musculoskeletal complaints compared with their male counterparts. Pregnant surgeons frequently report development or worsening of musculoskeletal disorders such as carpal tunnel syndrome and low back pain. Trainees also report high rates of musculoskeletal complaints with minimal autonomy to alter their environment. Limited objective data exists regarding the ideal instruments currently available for special populations. Several small, randomized studies have proposed exercise regimens targeting the upper extremities and pregnancy-related pain syndromes with improvements in symptoms. Various methods of ergonomic education have been studied in trainees with improvements in operating room posture and performance. Limited objective data is available to recommend specific surgical instruments for high-risk surgeon populations. Beneficial exercise regimens have been described for musculoskeletal disorders commonly plaguing surgeons but have yet to be studied explicitly in small-handed or pregnant surgeons and trainees.

Musculoskeletal complaints and its economic impact in an Iranian army hospital

AimMusculoskeletal conditions constitute a remarkable portion of disability cases in the military. This study evaluated the distribution and types of musculoskeletal problems and estimated the direct and indirect costs due to these complaints in an Iranian military hospital.MethodsAll medical records of patients with musculoskeletal complaints that were referred to the medical committee of a military hospital, including rheumatology, orthopedics, and neuro-surgical specialists, from 2014 to 2016, were reviewed. Details of each complaint and the final opinion of the medical committees were recorded. The cost of each diagnostic step was calculated based on the recorded data. The treatment costs were estimated for each complaint by calculating the average cost of treatment plans suggested by two specialists, a physical medicine and a rheumatologist. The estimated cost for each part is calculated based on the army insurance low. Indirect costs due to absences, inability to work, and disability were assessed and added to the above-mentioned direct costs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.Results2,116 medical records of the committee were reviewed. 1252 (59.16%) cases were soldiers (who had to spend two years of mandatory duty in the army), and 864 (40.83%) cases were non-soldiers. The three most common complaints were fractures (301 cases, 14.22%), low back pain due to lumbar disc bulges and herniations (303 cases, 14.31%), and genu varus/genu valgus (257 cases, 12.14%). The most affected sites were the lower limbs and vertebral column. According to an official document in these subjects’ records, 4120 person-days absent from work were estimated annually, and nearly $1,172,149 of annual economic impact was calculated.ConclusionMusculoskeletal problems are common in the army, and establishing preventive strategies for these conditions is essential. The conservative and medical approach and the proper education for correct movement and the situation should be mentioned for the reduction of disability and its economic burden on the army’s staff.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Complaints Among Clinical Healthcare Workers

This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal complaints among health workers in clinical wards, examining the relationship between these complaints and various work-related and personal variables. Conducted between December 2022 and April 2023, this descriptive study utilized a non-probability, voluntary sample of 100 health workers. Results indicated that 26% of participants reported lower back pain, 49% arm or neck complaints, 44% regular back pain, and 51% leg complaints. Key risk factors included extended work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%). Despite high medium-risk exposure (85%), no participants reported high-risk levels. This study highlights the significant burden of WMSDs among clinical healthcare workers and underscores the need for interventions to reduce duce these risks and improve occupational health. Highlight: Prevalence: A significant portion of healthcare workers reported musculoskeletal complaints, with 51% experiencing leg pain and 49% arm or neck pain. Risk Factors: Key risk factors identified include prolonged work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%). Implications: The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate WMSDs and improve the occupational health of clinical healthcare workers. Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Healthcare Workers, Risk Factors, Occupational Health, Clinical Wards

Work-related musculoskeletal complaints: risk factors and impact on work productivity among university administrative employees

BackgroundWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a significant workplace problem leading to loss of productivity and disability. Administrative workers perform computer-based tasks for long periods. Consequently, they are at risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this study was to explore the frequency and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal complaints and their impact on work productivity among administrative employees of Suez Canal University, Egypt.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 administrative employees through simple random sampling. Data were collected by an interview questionnaire including sociodemographic, work-related data, ergonomic and psychological risk factors, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ).ResultsThe frequency of work-related musculoskeletal complaints in at least one anatomical region over the past year was 74.7%. Neck (47.1%), lower back (40.7%), and shoulder (36.3%) were the most reported sites of complaints. Risk factors significantly associated with work-related musculoskeletal complaints were gender, age, physical activity, work experience, workplace stress, sustained body position, awkward posture, and inadequate rest breaks. Logistic regression revealed that older age (OR = 1.039, p = 0.023), being female (OR = 2.175, p = 0.011), and not having adequate rest breaks (OR = 1.979, p = 0.019) were significant predictors for the occurrence of WMSDs. The risk factors of absenteeism include gender, age, marital status, educational level, physical activity, BMI, work experience, and musculoskeletal complaints.ConclusionMusculoskeletal problems were highly prevalent among administrative employees. Being female and not having adequate rest breaks were significant predictors for the occurrence of WMSDs. Ergonomic interventions and improvement of working conditions are recommended to reduce WMSDs.

Musculoskeletal disorders and work ability among dentists and dental students in Finland.

Musculoskeletal disorders are leading causes for long sickness absences and early retirement. Dental work is physically strenuous, and many studies have shown a relation between work-related MSDs and dentistry. However, fewer studies have focused on how these conditions affect the work ability of dentists. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between MSD, work ability and sickness absences in Finnish dentists and dental students. A questionnaire was sent to 1200 dental workers and students. It inquired of age, gender, use of dental loupes, physical exercise, use of health care, and site, length and frequency of musculoskeletal complaints. Work ability was assessed with four parameters: work ability score (WAS), future work ability (FWA), self-estimation of MSD-related work disability, and sickness absence days. The questionnaire gained 255 responses (response rate 21%). The majority (90%) of the respondents had experienced MSD during the past year but only eleven percent of them had been on sick leave. MSDs correlated significantly with WAS, FWA and MSD-related work disability. Results remained significant even age adjusted. Age was a strong predictor of declined work ability, but gender, physical exercise or dental loupe use did not have a significant impact. Despite all the ergonomic advances in modern dentistry, the occurrence of MSD symptoms is still high. MSDs seem to affect dentists' work ability significantly, but amount of sickness absence is relatively low, which may indicate a high level of presenteeism.

Potential Role of Smartphone Addiction on Sleep Quality and Perceived Neck Pain Among Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students: A Multicentered Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the possible associations between smartphone addiction, perceived neck pain, and sleep quality among undergraduate physiotherapy students. Material and methods: Students were asked to fill out the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) on the Google Forms platform, accessed online via a QR code. Results: 355 physiotherapy students were included in this study. Considering the threshold value of 5 in PSQI which is accepted as an indicator of poor sleep, 285 out of 355 students (80.3%) showed higher scores (mean:9.73±2.68) than this threshold. A structural equation model showed that the NBQ had a significant effect on the SAS (B= .223; p=.031), and the SAS, in turn, had a significant effect on the PSQI (B=.021; p=.003). It was shown that 7% of the association between the NBQ and the PSQI was explained by the SAS acting as a mediator. Discussion: Smartphone addiction should be considered to prevent future potential musculoskeletal complaints as well as to preserve and improve the academic performance of students from the perspectives of the associations between sleep quality and perceived neck pain.

The chiropractors' dilemma in caring for older patients with musculoskeletal complaints: Collaborate, integrate, coexist, or separate?

The world's elderly population is growing at a rapid pace. This has led to an increase in demand on the health and welfare systems due to age-related disorders, with musculoskeletal complaints driving the need for rehabilitation services. However, there are concerns about health services' ability to meet this demand. While chiropractic care is gaining recognition for its benefits in treating older adults with musculoskeletal disorders, there is limited scientific literature on chiropractors' role and experiences in this area. To bridge this gap, we interviewed 21 chiropractors in Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews, and despite differences in integration and regulation between the countries, several common facilitators and barriers in caring for and managing older patients with musculoskeletal complaints emerged. While participants expressed optimism about future collaborations with other healthcare professionals and the integration of chiropractic into national healthcare systems, they also highlighted significant concerns regarding the existing healthcare infrastructure. The participants also felt that chiropractors, with their non-surgical and holistic approach, were well-positioned to be the primary point of contact for older patients. However, there were some common barriers, such as the affordability of care, limited integration of chiropractic, and the need to prioritise musculoskeletal complaints within public healthcare. Our findings suggest that chiropractors experience their clinical competencies as an underutilised resource in the available healthcare systems and that they could contribute to and potentially reduce the escalating burden of musculoskeletal complaints and associated costs among older patients. Additionally, our findings highlight the desire among the participants to foster collaboration among healthcare professionals and integrate chiropractic into the national public healthcare system. Integrating chiropractors as allied health professionals was also perceived to improve coordinated, patient-centred healthcare for older adults.

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation of the Shoulder: A Technical Primer.

Scapulalgia or shoulder pain accounts for 16% of all musculoskeletal complaints in the healthy adult population and becomes more common as we age. When this pain exceeds 3 months in duration, it is deemed to be chronic, and typically treated in an escalating manner. Spanning a continuum of conservative and non-conservative measures, chronic shoulder pain treatments range from rest and physical therapy to surgery. Since each patient presents with a unique spectrum of symptoms a customized treatment plan is often required. Over the lifetime of many of these patients, a variety of treatment options are required. One of these treatment options, peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), is a minimally invasive procedure in which an electrical impulse is delivered through a percutaneously implanted, small caliber electrode to a peripheral nerve proximal to the lesion which interferes with the pain signals. Over the past several years, significant growth of PNS in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain has been observed. However, the procedural techniques have not been well described. The foundation of long-term, minimally invasive percutaneous PNS in patients with chronic shoulder pain, and procedural techniques for stimulating the suprascapular and axillary nerves using fluoroscopy or ultrasonography will be described in this report.

Ergonomic risks in manual material handling activities and musculoskeletal disorders complaints in the animal feed industry production area in East Java, Indonesia

Introduction: Manual lifting and load transfer processes that are not carried out properly will result in over exertion-lifting and carrying, i.e. body tissue damage caused by excessive lifting. One of the work-related diseases caused by this activity is Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), a disorder that occurs in the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilages, or the intervertebral discs. The study aims to find out the picture of ergonomic risk in manual material handling activity and musculoskeletal complaints. Methods: Data was obtained from two respondents through accidental sampling. The measurement of the lifting index is done with meters and calculated using the formula of the calculation of the lifting index. The instrument for measuring musculoskeletal disorders was the GOTRAK SNI 9011:2021 Questionnaire. Results: Lifting activities performed by the Hand Add section (LI: 3.054-3.228) and Bagging Off (LI: 3.073-3.470) have a Lifting Index value that is in category > 3 so the interpreted activity has a high risk of causing musculoskeletal complaints. Workers who perform manual material handling activities have high complaints of skeletal and muscle disorders in the upper limbs. Conclusion: Manual handling activities performed in the industry have a high risk of causing injury. Workers who perform manual material handling activities are known to have high complaints of muscle and muscle disorders in the upper limbs.

Risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorders in the field of orthotics prosthetics with RULA and REBA methods

Background: PT X,company served custom-made prosthesis orthosis (PO). It has revealed that significant number of PO at PT X operate in non-ergonomic work environments with awkward postures during their work.Objective: This study aims to evaluate PO working posture in connection with their workstations with primary goal of addressing question Methods: Descriptive observational design with cross-sectional approach using total sampling. Research variables are musculoskeletal complaints; were assessed with Nordic Body Questionnare, and work postures; analized with RULA and REBA. Results: Rectification, assembly, grinding, cutting thermoplast sheets, chipping positive cast, and separating plastic from positive cast are workstations which have been identified as significant contributors to musculoskeletal injuries. All activities in those areas are done in standing position. Conclusion: In all activities, PO typically maintain standing posture for extended durations. This has led to development of musculoskeletal injuries required appropriate treatment. It is recommended to improve PO positions during working and enhance their workstations accordingly

Harmonizing musculoskeletal health: transformative effects of 8-week intervention program on posture in music students

Background and Study Aim. Musculoskeletal complaints are common among music students, irrespective of gender. They develop due to intense practice over an instrument; spending long hours of practice may cause muscular imbalance, tension, and awkward posture. The repetitive nature of practice in music students may cause overuse and fatigue. This increases the risk of acute pain and can affect both quality of life and performance. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the transformative effects of an 8-week intervention program on posture in music students. Material and Methods. The 8-week intervention program with transformative effects was conducted over 8 weeks (from September 18 to November 12) on Mondays and Thursdays, for 45 minutes each session. The program aimed to benefit 25 music students, of whom (i) 15 were in the experimental group (with an average age of 24.20 years, average weight of 82.40 kg, and average height of 178.60 cm), and (ii) 10 were in the control group (with an average age of 24.60 years, average weight of 78.40 kg, and average height of 182.20 cm). All participants were enrolled in the second year of a master's degree program in Performing Arts. Standardized measures for evaluating posture (utilizing Klein and Thomas's method, as refined by Mayer) were conducted both before (Week 1, September 18) and after (Week 8, November 12) the intervention. The impact of the 8-week intervention program was assessed using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, and Pearson's r. Results. Significant differences (p ˂ 0.05, ˂ 0.01) between 25 music students (M); in particular experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 10), were in 4 (80%) segments of body in post-test: (i) Head and neck; (ii) Abdomen and pelvis; (iii) Curvature of spine; (iiii) Shoulders and scapulas. Insignificant differences (p ˃ 0.05) between 25 music students (M) were in pre-test. Conclusions. Significant differences (p ˂ 0.05, ˂ 0.01) indicated the transformative effects in the experimental group's (n = 15) posture. This emphasizes the potential of the 8-week intervention program in promoting musculoskeletal health of music students. Therefore, additional research is necessary to investigate the lasting resilience (sustainability) of advantages and enhance the intervention plan in music education.