Muscle Relaxation Technique Research Articles

The psychological and physiological effects of a virtual reality-based treatment program in female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT The study aims to evaluate the effects of virtual reality (VR) programs on disease activity, central sensitization, kinesiophobia, body awareness, and pain catastrophizing in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Twenty-nine with FMS were randomized into the VR group or the control group (CG). FMS patients in the VR group were included in the VR-based relaxing treatment for 4 weeks, with one session per week. The progressive muscle relaxation technique and the breath-counting exercise were taught to participants in the CG. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Central Sensitization Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF), TAMPA, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ) were evaluated. Additionally, in the VR group, the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), pain, stress, and exhaustion were assessed during each session. Post-treatment, the VR group showed significantly greater improvements than the CG in FIQ, CSI-SF, PCS, and BAQ (p < 0.05). Effect sizes in the VR group, except for TAMPA, ranged from large to very large (Cohen’s d = 0.993–1.350). Although GSR scores decreased post-treatment, this reduction was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Additionally, symptoms of SSQ, pain, stress, and exhaustion were notably reduced in the VR group. we recommend the widespread use of this innovative treatment approach in FMS patients.

“A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Reduction of Stress among Patients with Breast Cancer Admitted in Selected Cancer Hospitals of Bagalkot’’

“A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Reduction of Stress among Patients with Breast Cancer Admitted in Selected Cancer Hospitals of Bagalkot’’

Severe Obsessive‒compulsive Disorder of Transformation in a 13-year-old Adolescent: A Case Report

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD) with transformation obsession is a rare psychiatric disorder that can pose various diagnostic difficulties and treatment challenges. Scientific research focusing on this disorder in adolescents is scarce. In this work, we present the case of a teenage girl who was treated for severe OCD with transformation obsession. The psychiatric management of this adolescent was performed on an outpatient basis and took place in the juvenile department at Saint Ylie Hospital (France). We hope that our work will add to the existing data on the psychiatric management of this condition in adolescents. In this work, we used the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th version for the evaluation of psychiatric disorders and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) to assess the severity of symptoms. Case Presentation: The patient (13 years old) experienced persistent, intrusive, and distressing ideas about transforming into another person. Despite knowing how unreal these ideas were, she feared they would come true. She had rituals that she felt compelled to carry out to help her manage her worries temporarily. She also experienced involuntary non-rhythmic movements of the facial muscles simultaneously. The patient was diagnosed with OCD with good insight and comorbid tics. Initially, the total CY-BOCS score was 40/40. Psychosis was considered a differential diagnosis due to the atypicality of the clinical manifestation, but it was ruled out after a thorough clinical evaluation. Psychotherapeutic management was not possible before adequate pharmaceutical treatment was started because of invasive and distressing symptoms. The pharmacological management led to the administration of a combination of fluoxetine at a dose of 40mg with olanzapine at a dose of 5mg after a partial response to fluoxetine alone. Weekly individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was started as soon as the adolescent's condition allowed and included psychoeducation, muscle relaxation techniques, cognitive restructuring, Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), self-affirmation work, and relapse prevention. At the same time, parents also benefited from psychoeducational interventions. The evolution was marked by total clinical remission and clear psychometric improvement. The total CY-BOCS score ranged from 40/40 to 07/40 after 5 months of CBT. No adverse effects were reported throughout the treatment. Conclusion: This case shows the possibility of unusual and severe OCD in adolescents. It also highlights the importance of careful diagnosis so as not to be mistaken and consider it a psychosis. The management of this type of OCD requires the combination of two pharmacological treatments before starting individual CBT and psychoeducational intervention for parents. This combination allows a complete clinical remission after a few months. It is preferable that further clinical trials be conducted to protocolize the management of this type of OCD.

Penerapan Terapi Myra E Levine Melalui Aplikasi Tehnik Relaksasi Otot Progresif Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Pada Kasus Rematik Di Puskesmas Bermani Ulu Kabupaten Rejang Lebong

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a progressive, systematic and chronic inflammatory disease that initially affects the synovial joints accompanied by edema, congestion of vascular exudate and cellular infiltration (Risnanto &amp; Isnani, 2014). The impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis can cause discomfort, pain and limited physical mobility so that there is a risk of disability and loss of movement (Elviani et al., 2021). Progressive muscle relaxation therapy is a muscle stretching and breathing exercise that is done to produce a response that can reduce sympathetic nerve activity so that it can reduce pain. The general purpose of this case study is to apply Myra E Levine's nursing theory to Rheumatic Patients by performing and teaching Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques to reduce pain intensity, this study was also conducted to determine whether Myra E Levine's theory can be applied to Rheumatic patients by providing Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique therapy. This case study method is a qualitative method with a Case study research strategy. The type of case study when carrying out nursing care is Case study research by applying Myra E Levine's nursing model theory to patients suffering from Rheumatic. The results of nursing care for Rheumatic patients using Myra E Levine's nursing theory include: Assessment, Tropihicognosis Decisions, hypotheses and compiling interventions, implementation and evaluation of nursing. Tropihicognosis Decision, found in patients namely Chronic Pain (related to the inflammatory process) and Anxiety (related to changes in health status. While the hypothesis and nursing interventions that are compiled are directed at helping to reduce pain intensity with Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique therapy through the Conservation Model approach.Myra E Levine's nursing model theory can be applied and applied well in nursing focusing on Rheumatism cases. Suggestions for health workers are for Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique therapy in patients with rheumatism to reduce pain intensity so as to increase mobilization ability and reduce activity disorders due to uncontrolled pain.

PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION THERAPY TO RELIEVE DENTAL ANXIETY

Background: Dental anxiety is complex phenomenon which is associated with the thought of visiting the dentist for therapeutic or care. It may be either physical, mental or social anxiety. The most common causes of anxiety in dental patients is fear of injections, fear of choking or gagging and fear of blood. It can be shown as fear, anxiety, phobia, stress, shivering, sweating, crying during or before dental treatment. Sympathetic nervous system is activated during dental anxiety and there is provoke of fight or flight response. This causes changes in various physiological activities such as reduction in pain threshold, increase in treatment complications, post- treatment pain, late healing. Identifying anxiety in dental patient is the first and foremost step in determining the type of treatment and schedule of appointments. Progressive muscle relaxation is one such technique a where muscles and body are allowed to relax after they are tensed. Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar was searched using pre-specified search strategy. Narrative and systematic reviews are included for the data synthesis. Results: Extensive literature search was carried out using pre-defined search strategy was carried out. A total of 73 titles were screened rigorously by two independent evaluators and after duplicate exclusion, removal of irrelevant titles, 34 articles were included for full text. This review aims at detailing progressive muscle relaxation technique, a non-pharmacological, economical approach to relieve dental anxiety.

A study to assess the effectiveness of Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique on blood pressure and stress among hypertensive clients at selected hospital in Indore

A study to assess the effectiveness of Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique on blood pressure and stress among hypertensive clients at selected hospital in Indore

Layanan Konseling Kelompok : Penerapan Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif untuk Mengatasi Stress Belajar Siswa SLTP

The purpose of this research is to (1) provide an overview of how progressive muscle relaxation techniques and group counseling services affect student learning stress, (2) provide an overview of students' learning stress levels both before and after progressive muscle relaxation technique treatment, and (3) determine How progressive muscle relaxation techniques affect student learning stress. This type of quantitative research, pre-experimental with a one group pretest-posttest design approach, consisting of one treatment group. The research sample was 15 class VIII Tahfidz students who were identified as experiencing learning stress. Data collection was obtained using observation and the student learning stress scale, then analyzed using the Shapiro - Wilk test analysis which is used to test the normality of data distribution in a sample, especially in small to medium samples. The results showed that (1) students used the progressive muscle relaxation technique for learning stress in accordance with procedures that had been designed with several implementation stages, (2) the level of student learning stress before using the progressive muscle relaxation technique was high, and the level of student learning stress after using it Progressive muscle relaxation technique is low, and (3) Progressive muscle relaxation technique has the effect of helping students reduce learning stress. The results of this study indicate that the application of progressive muscle relaxation techniques can significantly reduce students' learning stress levels, providing empirical evidence that group counseling interventions are effective in improving students' psychological well-being.

Effects of relaxation techniques in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women: A systematic review

Infertility affects millions of women worldwide and can lead to increased levels of stress and anxiety, impacting overall well-being and quality of life. Relaxation techniques, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Yoga, Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique (PMR), and Guided Imagery, have emerged as potential interventions to alleviate emotional distress in infertile women. A comprehensive review of the existing literature is needed to assess the effectiveness of these techniques in addressing stress and anxiety in the context of infertility.Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases for relevant studies published up to September 2021. The search used keywords related to relaxation techniques, infertility, stress, and anxiety. Two reviewers screened the identified articles based on predefined criteria. Included studies examined the effectiveness of relaxation techniques in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women and used validated measures as outcomes. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed.The review included 18 studies that explored various relaxation techniques' effectiveness in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women. MBSR, Yoga, PMR, and Guided Imagery interventions consistently showed significant reductions in perceived stress and anxiety levels. MBSR interventions proved particularly promising in promoting emotional well-being and coping with infertility challenges. Yoga offered a holistic approach, incorporating physical postures, breath control, and meditation to address multifaceted stress. PMR provided practical coping tools, and Guided Imagery offered guided visualization for anxiety management.This systematic review highlights the potential of relaxation techniques like MBSR, Yoga, PMR, and Guided Imagery in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women. These interventions offer accessible and cost-effective strategies to enhance emotional well-being and coping skills in infertility contexts. Healthcare providers and counselors can consider incorporating these techniques into treatment plans to address the emotional needs of infertile women and improve their overall well-being and quality of life.

Effectiveness of nurse-led progressive muscle relaxation on stress, anxiety, and depression in parents of adolescents with mental illness: A randomized controlled trial.

Prevention of depression, stress, and anxiety is a serious concern of the World Health Organization and has been a research topic over the last decades. There is a close association found between children's mental health problems and parental stress, valid for biological and foster families. Evidence suggests that parents with children with disabilities are more stressed, depressed, or anxious than parents who do not have such children. In addition, the progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMR) is the easiest to learn and administer among the relaxation methods available for lowering stress, anxiety, and depression. A randomized clinical trial (RCT) was adopted with an equivalent group pre-test and post-test design. The experimental group (n = 31) received ten sessions of Jacobson PMR, and the control group (n = 30) received treatment as usual (TAU). Data analysis: The researcher used frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range to describe the study subjects' demographic profile and clinical profile. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman's Rho were used to find an association between socio-demographic and clinical variables in parents' stress, anxiety, and depression levels. Further, Spearman's Rho was used to find a correlation between stress anxiety and depression. In addition, the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare control and experimental groups with important socio-demographic and clinical variables. Further, Fridman's analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess PMR's effectiveness on group stress, anxiety, and depression. Finally, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare stress, anxiety, and depression levels between groups. Analysis revealed clinically and statistically significant (P < 0.05) reductions in the stress and anxiety scores of the parents after five sessions of the PMR technique. In addition, findings reveal that there is a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in depression, anxiety, and stress scores after ten sessions of the PMR program among parents of adolescents with mental illness. The PMR program adopted in this study was highly effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among parents of adolescents with mental illness.

THE EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON REDUCING SYSTOLE BLOOD PRESSURE IN ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH HYPERTENSION

Introduction: Hypertension is a disease that is often not felt but can have serious consequences for health. One way to prevent and overcome hypertension is using non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is the progressive muscle relaxation technique which is useful for lowering blood pressure. This study aims to analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation techniques on reducing systolic blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. Methods: The method used is quantitative research with a pre-post test quasi-experimental research design with a control group. Sampling using a simple random sampling technique with a total of 60 respondents divided into 2 groups, namely, 30 intervention groups and 30 control groups. Data analysis using the Independent Sample T-test parametric test. Results: The results showed the average value of pre-test blood pressure in the intervention group was 157 mmHg and the control group was 149 mmHg, while in the post-test the intervention group after being given the progressive muscle relaxation technique was 136 mmHg and the control group was 134 mmHg. Data analysis using the Independent Sample T-test test obtained a p-value of 0.000 which indicates the effect of progressive muscle relaxation techniques on the elderly with hypertension. Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that progressive muscle relaxation techniques can have an effect on reducing systolic blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension and it is recommended that this study be used as a reference material and implementation in performing progressive muscle relaxation techniques to prevent and control hypertension.

Effect of Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Quality of Sleep among Hospitalized COPD Patients

Effect of Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Quality of Sleep among Hospitalized COPD Patients

Effectiveness of Finger Hand Relaxation and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques on Anxiety in Pre-Operative Sectio Caesarea Patients

Background: Anxiety is a common thing that occurs in patients who will undergo surgery. The anxiety that occurs in preoperative patients can be felt from the time they are scheduled for surgery until the time of surgery arrives. Anxiety management can be done using pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Purpose: The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of finger grip relaxation techniques and progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety in pre-caesarean section surgery patients in the Kediri Regency Regional General Hospital. Method: This study used a Quasy-experiment With Pretest Posttest to determine the effect of finger grip and progressive muscle relaxation techniques. The sample selection in this study used a purposive sampling technique and a total of 56 patients were obtained who were divided into 2 groups, namely the finger grip intervention group and the progressive muscle intervention group. The pretest and posttest data for each group were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test to determine the effect and the Mann-Whitney Test to compare the posttest results of the 2 groups. Results: The results of the study showed that the Wilcoxon test in both intervention groups obtained a p-value &lt; α (0.05), which means that before and after the intervention, both progressive muscle relaxation and finger grip relaxation had an influence on the anxiety level of pre-caesarean section patients. For the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the p-value was 0.063 or p-value &gt; α (0.05), which means there was no significant difference between changes in anxiety whether those given progressive muscle relaxation intervention or finger grip relaxation. Conclusion: Finger grip relaxation techniques and progressive muscle relaxation techniques are both effective in reducing anxiety levels in pre-caesarean section surgery patients. So this non- pharmacological therapy can be an option for patients in dealing with anxiety problems before caesarean section surgery.

Effectiveness of Combined Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Treating Long-Term COVID-19 Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and additional progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) techniques in patients with long-term COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: We included 61 patients with long COVID-19 symptoms and randomly assigned them to two groups: PR only (group 1 with 30 subjects) and PR with PMR (group 2 with 31 subjects). The PR program consisted of gradual aerobic conditioning, strength training, and breathing exercises. Group 2 received additional 20 min daily sessions of progressive muscle relaxation techniques. Results: Following a 21-day intervention, it was observed that both groups had noteworthy improvements in lung function, exercise capacity, and sleep quality with statistical significance (p &lt; 0.0001). Group 2 showed significant improvements in overall health (as measured by the General Health Questionnaire-12), patient health (as assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9), general anxiety levels (as indicated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale-7), and sleep quality (as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), with statistical significance (p &lt; 0.0001), compared to group 1. Moreover, the statistical analysis demonstrated no significant difference in exercise capacity improvement between group 1 and group 2, as indicated by a p-value of 0.1711. Conclusions: The addition of progressive muscle relaxation to pulmonary rehabilitation significantly enhances mental health outcomes, particularly in reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality, for patients with long-term COVID-19 symptoms. These findings suggest that incorporating PMR into PR programs offers a valuable non-pharmacological approach to improving overall patient well-being during long-term COVID-19 recovery.

A study to assess the knowledge regarding Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique among undergraduate nursing students in a Sharda University, Greater Noida

A study to assess the knowledge regarding Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique among undergraduate nursing students in a Sharda University, Greater Noida

Application of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique to Reduce Blood Glucose Levels in Elderly with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease which is often found in the elderly caused by a degenerative process. Progressive muscle relaxation technique is one of the non-pharmacological therapy to decrease blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus. This case study aimed to analyzed the effect of progressive muscle relaxation technique on problem of instability of blood glucose levels in elderly. This research design is case study. The sample of this research is one elderly who had diabetes mellitus type 2. The data collection by measuring blood glucose levels during pre-intervention in the morning and post-intervention in the afternoon. The elderly had intervention twice a day for 20 minutes and forward until 5 days. Data collected and processed by using statistical T-test dependent. The elderly with diabetes mellitus type 2 given progressive muscle relaxation technique experienced a decrease in blood glucose levels from pre to post intervention with p-value 0.005 which means it is significant. The application of progressive muscle relaxation technique given to the elderly affect to decrease blood glucose levels in the outcome of pre and post intervention.

Effect of vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on anxiety and sleep disturbances among elderly health care workers in the post COVID-19 pandemic.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Elderly health care workers carry out a variety of duties at work and have years of clinical expertise. Anxiety and insomnia are among the more commonly encountered problems in senior physicians and other geriatric medical professional populations. The study aims to determine the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbances among geriatric medical professionals. 42 participants were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope approach, and they took part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The Experimental group A received non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) and Control group A received Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation technique. With a p value of 0.001, taVNS stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks. The post-intervention assessment revealed a highly significant improvement in Group A, with a T value of 251 (p < 0.001). The findings suggest that taVNS may be an effective intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep issues in geriatric medical professionals. These results contribute to the exploration of non-invasive strategies to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals working in demanding environments.

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Reducing Anxiety in Cancer Patients: Literature Review

One of the symptoms of cancer is the emergence of pain and anxiety related to each other, especially in patients who suffer from cancer. This can be caused by pain from cancer, examinations carried out and treatment that sufferers undergo. Anxiety can be caused by uncertainty about the prognosis of the disease, the effectiveness of treatment for recovery of the condition which is often found in cancer patients, especially at an advanced stage. Anxiety management is provided through the main nursing interventions, namely progressive muscle relaxation techniques. The purpose of this study was to identify progressive muscle relaxation to reduce anxiety in cancer patients. The database used by the author in the literature search comes from studies that have been conducted and published online with the latest research. To find search results that include the author's journal, authors use Garuda Ristekbrin, PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct searches. After filtering, the author examines the contents of the article in accordance with the subject matter in accordance with the author's title. There were 10 journals selected for review by the authors, 6 of which used a quasy experiment, 3 used a systematic review, and 1 used a randomized controlled trial. The results of statistical tests for the 10 journals selected, all journals showed a significant influence on the nursing intervention carried out, namely Progressive Muscle Relaxation therapy in reducing anxiety in cancer sufferers. It is hoped that this literature review will become a reference and reference for nursing interventions in reducing anxiety in cancer patients, one of which is progressive muscle relaxation therapy

Effect of mindfulness-based intervention on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Breast cancer is the second most prevalent disease among women in India and one of the most dangerous and lethal. Chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients may have perceived stress, which is defined as emotions of mental or physical exhaustion that make them feel angry or anxious. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) gives some ideas in line with the conventional mindfulness technique. (i) To assess the effect of MBI on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. (ii) To determine the association between perceived stress with selected demographic variables among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The current quantitative pre- and postexperimental study was carried out in two oncology departments of selected cancer hospitals, Bhubaneswar. A total number of 40 breast cancer patients of perceived stress receiving chemotherapy and data were gathered by using a self-structured socio-demographic proforma and a structured Perceived Stress Scale 10. The experimental group received MBI, and a posttest was conducted on the 17th day on both the groups after 10 days of the termination of intervention. This MBI was provided to breast cancer patients for five sessions over five days continuously, each session for 45 min with mindfulness breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation techniques, practising meditation, and guided imagery technique. The study findings illustrated that reduction of perceived stress among female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with (t = 2.2463) (P = 0.0306) at the P < 0.05; furthermore, there is one socio-demographic variable which had association with perceived stress that is history of psychiatric illness (χ 2 = 14.1176) (P = 0.0009) and others had no association with perceived stress. MBI was an effective therapy for reducing the perceived stress of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Strategi Pengembangan Kemampuan Public Speaking Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Self Confidence Peserta Didik

This research aims to reveal strategies for developing public speaking skills and describe the impact of public speaking skills on students' self-confidence at MAN 1 Banda Aceh and MAN 4 Aceh Besar. In this research, the methodology used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The research results show that: (1) The strategy for developing students' public speaking skills at MAN 1 Banda Aceh and MAN 4 Aceh Besar goes through several stages including: planning, methods, implementation and evaluation. (2) The impact of students' public speaking skills at MAN 1 Banda Aceh and MAN 4 Aceh Besar has provided significant results for students. The aspects that include include: being confident in your own abilities, being able to make your own decisions, having a positive feeling about yourself and having the courage to express your opinion to other people. Through this, students succeed in improving their public speaking skills. They are able to organize thoughts clearly, regulate the flow of presentations, and use effective communication techniques. This is related to the application of interpersonal communication theory and effective presentation theory presented in the training. Apart from that, students also succeeded in managing nervousness and anxiety when communicating. They gain a better understanding of the sources of nervousness and techniques for dealing with anxiety. Breathing regulation exercises, muscle relaxation, and other self-control techniques based on communication anxiety theory help students overcome these challenges.

The Impact of Different Muscle Relaxation Techniques on the Upper Trapezius and Its Relationship with the Middle Trapezius.

The relaxation of trapezius muscles is widely believed to alleviate fatigue or injury of the trapezius muscles and reduce the risk of shoulder and neck pain. This study aims to examine the effects of different muscle relaxation techniques on the physical properties of the trapezius muscle and to explore how changes in the physical properties of the upper trapezius muscle affect those of the middle trapezius muscle. Twenty-four healthy males (mean age: 23.08 ± 0.97 years; height: 172.42 ± 4.61 cm; weight: 66.38 ± 6.68 kg; and body mass index: 22.30 ± 1.81 kg/m2), randomly divided into four groups: stretching relaxation group (ST, n = 6), mechanical vibration massage (MV, n = 6), pulse massage (PU, n = 6), and control (CO, n = 6). Measurements using the Myoton digital muscle assessment system were conducted daily over 2 weeks. The experimental groups demonstrated a notable decrease in tension and stiffness, accompanied by heightened elasticity in the upper trapezius muscles. Conversely, the control group exhibited contrasting trends. Although no significant variances were detected among the relaxation techniques, all proved efficacious compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, relaxation of the upper trapezius muscles significantly influenced the middle trapezius muscles (P < 0.05). Various relaxation methods positively influenced trapezius muscle attributes over 2 weeks, with inter-regional effects noted.