Mumps Research Articles

Commentary

Commentary

2001-2011 annual changes of disease spectrum and trends analysis of common infectious diseases of the infectious diseases hospital of Taiyuan in Shanxi province

Objective To analyze the inpatients species changes of infectious disease hospital from 2001 to 2011 years in Taiyuan,and make relevant recommendations to the trends and prevention strategies for common infectious diseases.Methods The diseases species of the hospital from 2001 to 2011 years and the number of hospitalized patients were retrospectively counted and analyzed.Results The proportion of liver disease hospitalized was always more than 60％ in the ten years;The bacillary dysentery decreased from 4.23％ in 2006 to 0.96％ in 2011 ;The hospitalized patients with measles decreased significantly since 2009,and only 0.26％ in 2011 ;In 2008,hand-foot-mouth disease accounted for 3.42％ of the hospitalized patients,and it peaked in 2010,accounting for 7.51％ ; The number of hospitalized patients with rabies disease rised in 2011,accounting for 0.27％.Conclusion Liver disease is still the major infectious diseases of the hospital;The mumps,chicken pox,scarlet fever and other respiratory diseases as well as hand-foot-mouth disease is a common infectious disease threats to the health of infants and young children,and for the increasing trend of the number of patients with brucellosis hairtetracycline,the tetracycline and brucellosis drugs for children should be promoted to product and sale.The rabies vaccination knowledge should be popularized,and the incidence of rabies should be reduced. Key words: Infectious diseases; Popular; Hand-foot and mouth disease ; Measles

Analysis on genetic characteristics of mumps virus strains circulating in Hunan province in 2011

To be acquainted with genetic characteristics and variation of mumps virus strains circulating in Hunan province. Mumps virus (MV) strains were isolated using Vero/ SLAM cells. The small hydrophobic protein (SH) genes of MV isolates were sequenced, and the sequences were analysed phylogenetically between the isolated strains and other reference mumps strains. 4 mumps virus strains were isolated from 16 specimens collected in 2011 from different regions of Hunan province. The genotype of isolated strains were supposed to be F type. Genotype F is the main genotype of circulating strains in Hunan province in 2011 and there is no variation between genotype.

Analysis on epidemiology and the main clinical symptoms of viral encephalitis in Gansu, 2009-2011

To understand the epidemiological characteristics and the main clinical symptoms of viral encephalitis in Gansu. A total of 322 viral encephalitis patients were recruited from province sentinel hospitals in Gansu province from 2009 to 2011, and their basic information were collected as well as their serum samples and cerebrospinal fluid samples. 296 out of the 322 cases were qualified for our study. Based on the patients' epidemiological characteristics and clinical features, we determined the detection of the virus types (at least one kind of virus detection was carried out for each case). ELISA was applied to test the IgM antibody of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus (JEV), enterovirus (EV: including Coxsackie virus, echovirus, enterovirus 71), mumps virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cerebrospinal fluid and serum specimen. The difference of positive detected rate between types of virus, among patients from different regions, time, or at different ages, as well as the different clinical symptoms between JE patients and other viral encephalitis patients, were analyzed and compared. The positive detected rate of virus in the 296 patients was 27.03% (80/296); the positive rate of JEV, EV, mumps virus, HSV detected was separately 7.53% (22/292), 8.75% (23/263), 13.84% (22/159) and 15.09% (40/265), and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2) = 10.849, P < 0.05). 90.91% (20/22) of the JEV positive cases were distributed in Tianshui, Longnan and Pingliang, and 95.45% (21/22) patients were infected from July to September. All the 23 EV detected positive patients were infected from April to December, while the ages of patients ranged from 1 to 44 years old. Mumps virus, HSV testing positive cases had onset every month. Logistic regression analysis showed that the patients who had the symptoms as disturbance of consciousness (OR = 15.487, 95%CI: 2.266 - 105.852), somnolence (OR = 11.659, 95%CI: 1.783 - 76.242), convulsions (OR = 11.062, 95%CI: 1.687 - 72.530) were more likely to infect JEV. HSV was the principal pathogen of viral encephalitis in Gansu. An obvious central tendency in the regional and time distribution was found in JEV infection; and the clinical symptoms of JE patients were more severe.

Simultaneous Mumps and Acute Appendicitis: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

Mumps is a contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Its chief characteristics are non-suppurative swelling and painful parotitis. Clinical diagnosis is made on the basis of painful swelling of the parotid glands. Many complications are associated with mumps infection, such us orchitis, epidydimitis, oophoritis, and pancreatitis. Mortality is rare, but acute abdominal pain is an occasional occurrence. There are limited case reports of mumps and acute appendicitis. In this report, we share our experience of managing a case of concurrent mumps and acute appendicitis.

Processamento temporal, localização e fechamento auditivo em portadores de perda auditiva unilateral

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os comportamentos de resolução e ordenação temporal, localização sonora e fechamento auditivo e investigar queixas de dificuldades escolares, de comunicação e linguagem em indivíduos portadores de perda auditiva unilateral. MÉTODOS: Participaram 26 indivíduos com idades entre 8 e 15 anos, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo com perda auditiva unilateral; e Grupo sem perda auditiva. Cada um deles foi constituído por 13 indivíduos que foram pareados conforme gênero, idade e escolaridade. Todos foram submetidos à anamnese, avaliação auditiva periférica e aos testes comportamentais de localização, memória sequencial, teste Random Gap Detection e ao teste de fala com ruído branco da avaliação do processamento auditivo. Foram utilizados testes estatísticos não paramétricos para comparar as repostas entre os grupos, considerando presença ou não da perda auditiva e o lado da orelha com perda. RESULTADOS: O início da perda ocorreu na fase pré-escolar, com etiologias desconhecidas ou identificadas como meningite, traumas ou caxumba. A maior parte dos indivíduos relatou atraso no desenvolvimento de fala, linguagem e escolar, principalmente aqueles com perda à direita. O grupo com perda auditiva apresentou piores respostas nas habilidades de ordenação e resolução temporal, localização sonora e fechamento auditivo. Indivíduos com perda à esquerda mostraram resultados piores do que aqueles com perda à direita em todas as habilidades, exceto na localização sonora. CONCLUSÃO: Na presença da perda auditiva unilateral ocorrem dificuldades de localização, fechamento, resolução e ordenação temporal. Indivíduos com perda auditiva unilateral à direita apresentam mais queixas do que aqueles com perda à esquerda. Indivíduos com perda à esquerda mostram mais dificuldade de fechamento, resolução e ordenação temporal.

A Unique Child: Health - A doctor's diary … Mumps

‘Doctor, my son has swollen cheeks! What do you think he's got? His grandmother thinks it's mumps!’

Genetic characteristics on the small hydrophobic protein and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase genes of mumps virus in Yunnan province, China from 2007 to 2009

To analyze genetic characterization of the small hydrophobic and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase genes of mumps virus (MuV) isolated in Yunnan province, China from 2007 to 2009. Fourteen MuV strains were isolated in Yunnan, China from 2007 to 2009. Using RT-PCR, the SH gene fragments contained 316 nucleotides in all strains and HN gene of six strains were sequenced. The sequences were aligned with other mumps virus sequences downloaded from GenBank using Mega 4.1 software. Fourteen isolated strains were closely related to other reference strains of F genotypes. In SH gene, the homology of nucleotide and amino acid among the fourteen isolated strains were 98.3% - 100.0% and 96.5% - 100.0%, respectively, and 92.6% - 99.4% and 87.7% - 100.0% of homology when compared with that of strains isolated from other provinces in China, respectively. Wsh1 and Wsh2 strains had less homology when compared to other strains of F genotypes. The fourteen strains had homology of 84.5% - 85.1% and 77.2% compared to vaccine strains on nucleotide and amino acid, respectively, and had homology of 83.4% - 90.9% and 70.1% - 86.0% compared to that of other genotypes. In HN gene, the homology of nucleotide and amino acid among the six isolated strains were 99.3% - 99.5% and 99.1% - 99.7%, respectively, and also 99.8% and 99.8% of homology respectively when compared to the SP strain in China. All the six strains had homology of 92.4% - 93.2% and 95.5% - 96.4% when compared to the vaccine strains on nucleotide and amino acid, respectively, and had homology of 94.7% - 96.8% and 95.5% - 99.1% compared to other genotypes. Fourteen strains isolated in Yunnan from 2007 to 2009 belonged to F genotype of MuV while the HN gene seemed more conservative than SH gene.

Sequencing and analysis of mumps virus vaccine strain S79 Genome

Objective To analyze the genome sequencing of mumps virus strain 79 purified from working seeds plague and examine its phylogenetic relationship with wild type virus strain isolated in China,and to explore the efficacy of vaccine at molecular level.Methods Whole genome sequences of two substrains of S79(major and minor),were obtained with fragment amplification by RT-PCR.Genetic distances between S79 and strains identified in China were analyzed based on the phylogenic analysis of small hydrophobic protein(SH) sequences.Results The nucleotide homologies of two S79 substrains(major and minor),with a ratio of 2:5 during culture,with Jeryl Lynn(JL) strain were 99.7% and 100%,respectively.There were scattered non-homologous recombination between two substrains.The genetic distances between strain S79,which was genotype A,and wild type virus strain identified in China,which were genotype F,was 11.2% -20.0%.S79 live vaccine was composed of two substrains,major and minor component,which were highly similar to JL strain in their genome sequences,but different from JL in their ratios during culture.Conclusion Different from wild type virus strain identified in China,the genotype of S79 was A,and phylogenetically distant from other strains,which may account for the low efficacy of S79 live vaccine.The ratios of two substrains might also be of interest for further study of the vaccine protection and efficacy. Key words: Mumps virus; Plague purification; RT-PCR; Sequence analysis; S79

An Update on Mumps

In 2005, mumps formally was on target for elimination from the U.S. by 2010, but despite high rates of vaccination, small outbreaks continue to occur.

Vaccines: Still Key to Child and Community Health

Vaccines are one of the greatest advances in medical history. In just the past 50 years, polio, measles, rubella, mumps, and Haemophilus influenzae

A case of mumps complicated by meningo-encephalomyelitis and appendicitis

The Journal is the primary organ of Continuing Paediatric Medical Education in Sri Lanka. The journal also has a website. Free full text access is available for all readers.The Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health is now indexed in SciVerse Scopus (Source Record ID 19900193609), Index Medicus for South-East Asia Region (IMSEAR), CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International Global Health Database), DOAJ and is available in Google, as well as Google Scholar.The policies of the journal are modelled on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Guidelines on Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health is recognised by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) as a publication following the ICMJE Recommendations.

Mumps awareness

Mumps awareness

Mumps in Ireland, 2004-2008

Following a national mumps outbreak that began in November 2004 and continued into 2005, the number of mumps notifications in Ireland waned in the latter half of 2006 and during 2007 (Figure 1). However, mumps notifications have started to increase again in 2008 (Figure 1). The number of mumps notifications annually between 1988 and 2008 and the number of confirmed mumps notifications by year from 2004 to 2008 are shown in Figure 2. In total, there were 420 mumps notifications in 2004, 1,079 in 2005, 427 in 2006, 150 in 2007 and to date there are 153 notifications in 2008 (Figure 2). In contrast, there were 40 mumps notifications in 2003 (Figure 2).

Laboratory testing of specimens from patients with viral encephalitis from some regions of China

To understand the viral etiology of viral encephalitis in China by detecting IgM antibody and viral RNA in the clinical samples of patients from some provinces of China by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of 771 patients with viral encephalitis or meningitis were collected from six provinces of China and were stored at -20 degrees C or -70 degrees C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used for detection of IgM antibody to Japanese encephalitis virus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, herpes simplex virus, measles virus, varicella-zoster virus, mumps virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus. Polymerase chain reaction was applied for the detection of viral RNA of enteroviruses and seadornavirus. IgM antibody was detected in 567 of 771 (73.5%) cases. The most common pathogen was Japanese encephalitis virus (47.0%, 362/771), followed by mumps virus (10.6%, 82/771), enteroviruses (8.8%, 68/771), herpes simplex virus (5.7%, 44/771), measles virus (0.4%, 3/771), varicella-zoster virus (0.4%, 3/771), Epstein-Barr virus (0.4%, 3/771), and cytomegalovirus (0.3%, 2/771). Enterovirus was positive in 8 cases, seadornavirus was negative in all the cases by PCR. According to the study, Japanese encephalitis was the most important encephalitis in China. Mumps virus was another important pathogen. Enteroviruses and herpes simplex virus were also important pathogens.

The Changing Face of Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is common but often underrecognized. The authors of this review discuss the evolution of the common causes of viral meningitis in children and adolescents and the most appropriate diagnostic tools and therapies. Neonatal meningitis was not covered in the review. Before measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization became routine, mumps was the leading cause of viral meningitis (occurring in 15% of all mumps cases), and only half of patients …

Mumps in the U.S.: Elimination by 2010?

One objective of the Healthy People 2010 initiative is eliminating indigenous cases of mumps in the U.S. Until 2006, this goal appeared to be achievable: Fewer than 350 cases were reported annually from 2000 through 2005. Unfortunately, an outbreak that began on college campuses in Iowa in January 2006 heralded a resurgence of the illness (Journal Watch Infectious Diseases …

Avaliação da taxa de cobertura vacinal no Centro de Saúde de Braga, nas coortes de nascimento de 1990 a 2005

Objectivo: Determinar a taxa de cobertura vacinal de cada uma das vacinas incluidas no Programa Nacional de Vacinacao (PNV), nas coortes de nascimento de 1990 a 2005, no Centro de Saude Braga (CSB) e nas suas Extensoes de Saude (ES). Tipo de estudo: Estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal. Local: Centro de Saude de Braga. Populacao: Utentes inscritos em cada uma das ES e US do CSB, nascidos entre o ano de 1990 e 2005. Metodos: Como fonte de informacao utilizou-se o modulo Estatisticas - Vacinas do programa informatico SINUS. Resultados: Foram alcancadas taxas de cobertura vacinal superiores a 95% em 2002 na vacina atenuada contra a poliomielite (VAP) e vacina contra a hepatite B (VHB), em 2004 na vacina contra o bacilo Calmette-Guerin (BCG) e vacina contra o sarampo-parotidite epidemica-rubeola (VASPR), e em 2005 na vacina contra a difteria-tetano-tosse convulsa (DTP) e vacina contra o Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib). Relativamente a vacina contra o tetano e a difteria (Td), de imunidade individual, a taxa de cobertura vacinal e sempre inferior a 100% (varia de 84 a 94%). Algumas ES mantem taxas de cobertura vacinal muitissimo inferiores ao recomendado. Verifica-se, tambem, que as taxas de cobertura vacinal sao mais baixas para as vacinas cujo PNV preve um maior numero de inoculacoes, tais como a DTP e a Hib. Conclusoes: Verifica-se uma tendencia progressiva de melhoria das taxas de cobertura vacinal ao nivel do CSB. Contudo, foram atingidos valores superiores a 95% somente muito recentemente. Assim, para a globalidade de utentes do CSB, os objectivos definidos no PNV comecam a ser cumpridos de forma aceitavel nas coortes de nascimento mais novas. Salienta-se tambem a existencia de importantes assimetrias na taxa de cobertura vacinal que podem comprometer a aquisicao da imunidade de grupo, constituindo, por isso, um importante problema de saude publica.

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Susceptibility in Immigrants

Outbreaks of measles and mumps have occurred in the U.S. and Canada, despite effective childhood vaccination programs. Some of the outbreaks have been

Despite Vaccine, U.S. May See More of the Mumps

Despite Vaccine, U.S. May See More of the Mumps