Multiple Variable Regression Analysis Research Articles

Correlations between sleep architecture and sleep-related masseter muscle activity in children with sleep bruxism.

Sleep bruxism (SB) occurring during No-REM (nREM) sleep and increase in microarousals per hour have been described in adults, but not in children. To assess the correlation between sleep architecture and masseter muscle activity related to sleep bruxism (SB/MMA) in children. Forty-three children aged 7-12 years (mean age: 9.4 ± 1.3) with confirmed SB underwent a two-night polysomnographic (PSG) study in a sleep laboratory, for accommodation (first night) and data collection (second night). Data on sleep architecture (total sleep duration (TSD), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), REM and nREM sleep duration and proportion and microarousals/hour during REM and nREM sleep) and episodes/hour of SB/MMA were recorded. Single and multiple-variable linear regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between data on sleep architecture (predictors) and SB/MMA (dependent variable). Shorter TSD, REM and nREM stage 1 sleep duration,longerSOLand more microarousals/hour during REM and nREM sleep were found to be positive predictors of SB/MMA in children in the multiple-variable regression analysis (R2 =0.511). Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that SB/MMA is correlated with altered sleep architecture in children (shorter total sleep duration (TSD), shorter nREM and REM sleep and higher microarousals during REM and nREM sleep). Nevertheless, the clinical significance of these findings need to be demonstrated in future studies.

Quality function deployment technology applications and their impact on value engineering Exploratory study of a number of private hospitals in Baghdad1

The value engineering method works to improve the performance of projects and productive organizations and tries to keep the cost at its lowest levels by improving the performance of activities and eliminating non-value-adding ones, and at the same time, the quality function deployment technique improves the quality of the product, by listening to the consumer’s voice, and from this point of view, the research problem has been determined by the gap that has emerged and exacerbated in the patient, and the health care institutions that are looking to attract him and improve his value. Several questions have crystallized about the research problem, the most important of which centered on the impact of the dimensions of the quality function deployment technique in value engineering by the organization in order to improve patient satisfaction, and what is the nature and level of interest in research variables (publishing the quality function and value engineering) in hospitals the research sample, so we will try in this The research clarifies whether there is an effect of the technique of spreading the quality function on value engineering to enhance the quality of services provided by the health sector in Iraq, using a questionnaire distributed over three premium-class private hospitals in the city of Baghdad, and a number of appropriate statistical methods were used to process the data. As for the most prominent conclusions, the results of the multiple linear regression analysis of the research variables revealed that the technique of publishing the quality function has a direct significant impact on value engineering in the surveyed hospitals, specifically the results showed that the publication of the quality function with its moral dimensions (voice of workers, technical comparison) respectively and after deleting the two non-significant dimensions of it , able to explain about (67%) of the changes that occur in value engineering.

Dielectric Constant-Based Grain Mass Estimation Using Radio Frequencies Sensing Technology

HighlightsRadio frequency sensing technology was used to estimate clean grain mass based on grain moisture content and grain properties.Multiple variable regression analysis was used to develop grain mass estimation model.A grain mass estimation model with high R2 was developed by introducing dielectric properties and phase angle.Parameter of dielectric constant e' indicated the domination of moisture content in grain mass estimation model.Abstract. Grain mass estimation is critical in many precision agriculture applications, especially in yield monitoring during harvest procedures. A new clean grain mass estimation method using Radio Frequency (RF) sensing technology is discussed in this paper. RF sensing technology is sensitive to moisture content and grain properties. In this study, a vector network analyzer (VNA) and a pair of horn antennas were used to collect phase shift and attenuation data from 1 to 18 GHz of grain samples (soybean, canola, and corn) on a static testbed in an anechoic chamber. Using multiple variable linear regression analysis, a comprehensive clean grain mass estimation model was developed based on the dielectric properties of the grain samples derived from the S-Parameters at 13 GHz. Dielectric (e') constant/properties and phase shift were introduced into the regression models and generated a grain mass estimation result with R2 values of 0.976, 0.977, and 0.989 for soybean, canola, and corn samples, respectively. The results indicate that RF sensing technology can reveal how grain attributes interact with electromagnetic fields at a certain frequency and has the potential to provide more accurate sensing methods for estimating grain mass in multiple precision agricultural applications. Keywords: Keywords., Dielectric properties, Grain mass estimation, Microwave frequency, Phase shifts, Radio frequency sensing.

Association between oral and general health related quality of life among Norwegian patients with substance use disorders in opioid agonist therapy

Objective Assess the association between oral and general health related quality of life using oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) and the quality of life tool EQ-5D-5L from EuroQoL among patients with substance use disorder (SUD) who receive opioid agonist therapy. Method 609 patients with SUD completed the EQ-5D-5L. A dental sub-study of 167 patients completed OIDP and an oral examination when attending outpatient clinics in Western Norway for their opioid agonist therapy. The merged analytical sample consisted of 165 patients. The association between OIDP and EQ-5D-5L was assessed by Spearman’s rho and a linear multiple variable regression analysis. A line graph and a Pen’s parade displayed the distributions of OIDP sum scores and EQ-5D-5L index values. Results Overall mean summary- and index EQ-5D-5L scores were 9.97 (sd 3.25) and 0.69 (sd 0.22). Mean score for OIDP was 9.75 (sd 9.59). Spearman’s rho was 0.34 (p < .01) between OIDP and EQ-5D-5L summary scores. Linear regression revealed an association adjusted for sex and age of 0.12 (95% CI 0.07–0.17) and a coefficient of determination of 0.1460. Conclusion This study reveals a strong association between OIDP and EQ-5D-5L reflecting the importance of oral health to general health for patients with SUD. Health care professionals should pay attention to oral health. Effective interventions might improve patients’ oral and health related quality of life.

원격수업에서 능동적 협력적 학습활동, 학습몰입이 대학생 소통, 융합, 창의 역량에 미치는 영향

In this study, in order to improve the quality of extended online course implementation, online course performance was identified as the core competency of the learner, and detailed factors affecting it were identified. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, online course performance was set as the learner's core competency(communication, covergence, creativity), and the influence of active &amp; collaborative learning activities and learning flow was analyzed. For this purpose, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis of the study variables were performed. As a result, it was confirmed that both active &amp; collaborative learning activities and learning flow affect core competencies. In active &amp; collaborative learning activities, higher-order thinking and learning study activities, and in learning flow, cognitive flow and behavioral flow were affecting core competencies. Based on this, a teaching-learning strategy for effective online course was presented.

Health and Quality of Life of Individuals with Dental Conditions during COVID-19 Lockdown in Jordan.

To assess the level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its predictors among individuals with dental conditions requiring treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan, and to highlight COVID-19 impacts on these individuals' mental health and dental care. A cross-sectional online-based survey was conducted. The study questionnaire was composed of items related to stress during COVID-19. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the study's main outcome measures, and multiple variable regression analysis was conducted to identify the quality of life predictors. Participants' HRQoL mean scores as measured by SF-12 were 69.5 (± 19.3) for the physical component and 58.9 (± 21.1) for the mental component. Mean scores for depression, anxiety, and stress measured by DASS21 were 10.1, 7.8, and 11.7, respectively. The regression model showed depression (β = -0.76 [95%CI -0.92 to -0.59], p < 0.001), stress (β = -1.74 [95%CI -2.53 to -0.94], p < 0.001), and oral HRQoL (β = -1.25 [95%CI -1.95 to -0.55], p = 0.001) as statistically significant negative predictors for HRQoL. Finally, family income was identified as positive significant predictor for HRQoL (β = 2.51 [95%CI 0.06 to 4.95], p = 0.045). This study found that patients with dental issues had a low quality of life and a high level of mental health symptoms during COVID-19 in Jordan. Healthcare policymakers should consider the continuation of dental services when planning for similar emergencies in the future, particularly if accompanied by lockdowns.

Pengaruh Motivasi dan Komitmen Organisasi terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan Emela Garment Kota Bogor

This study aimed to determine the effect of motivation and organizational commitment on the work performance of Emela Garment employees in Bogor City. The population and sample are 55 daily employees using a sampling technique, namely the saturated sample technique. The results of the data instrument test use validity and reliability, and statement items are valid and reliable. Analysis of research data includes multiple regression analysis, correlation, determination, and significance test simultaneously (F test) and partial (t-test). The results of the study through multiple regression analysis of motivation and organizational commitment variables have a positive and significant effect on employee work performance a. The results of the F test state that motivation and organizational commitment simultaneously ve a positive and significant effect on work performance. While the results of the t-test state that partially the motivational variable has a positive and significant effect on work performance, and organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on the work performance of Emela Garment employees in Bogor City. Suggestions for companies should manage employee cohesiveness to be able to work as a team, maintain and maintain relationships with employees, and reward employees who take the initiative.

Does Financial Attitude Mediate Relationship Between Islamic Financial Knowledge, Internal Locus of Control and Islamic Financial Behavior?

This study aims to determine whether Financial Attitude is able to mediate the relationship between Islamic Financial Knowledge, Internal Locus of Control and Islamic Financial Behavior in Islamic Bank Millennial Consumers. This study uses a quantitative approach with statistical tests, the data collected was analyzed by the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS software. SEM analysis includes path analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), causal modeling with latent variables and multiple regression analysis of variance (Hair et al., 2010). This study uses four variables (see Figure 1) consisting of two exogenous variables (Islamic Financial Knowledge (IFK) and Internal Locus of Control (ILOC)), there is one mediating variable (Financial Attitude (FINA)), and one endogenous variable ( Islamic Financial Behavior (IFB)). The hypothesis test shows that the financial attitude possessed by the millennial generation is able to mediate the relationship between Islamic financial knowledge (Islamic financial knowledge) and self-control (internal locus of control) on Islamic financial behavior (Islamic financial behavior). This means that the millennial generation's attitude towards finance reflects knowledge and self-control so that they are able to demonstrate financial behavior in accordance with Islamic teachings (Islamic Finance).&#x0D; Keywords: Knowledge of Islamic Finance, Internal Locus of Control, Financial Attitude, Islamic Financial Behavior.

Radiological Findings in SARS-CoV-2 Viral Pneumonia Compared to Other Viral Pneumonias: A Single-Centre Study.

Background Thorax computed tomography (CT) imaging is widely used as a diagnostic method in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related pneumonia. Radiological differential diagnosis and isolation of other viral agents causing pneumonia in patients have gained importance, particularly during the pandemic. Aims We aimed to investigate whether there is a difference between CT images from patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia compared to CT images of patients with pneumonia due to other viral agents and which finding may be more effective in diagnosis. Study Design. The study included 249 adult patients with pneumonia identified by thorax CT examination and with a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR test compared to 94 patients diagnosed with non-COVID-19 pneumonia (viral PCR positive but no bacterial or fungal agents detected in other cultures) between 2015 and 2019. CT images were retrospectively analyzed using the PACS system. CT findings were evaluated by two radiologists with 5 and 20 years of experience, in a blinded fashion, and the outcome was decided by consensus. Methods Demographic data (age, gender, and known chronic disease) and CT imaging findings (percentage of involvement, number of lesions, distribution preference, dominant pattern, ground-glass opacity distribution pattern, nodule, tree in bud sign, interstitial changes, crazy paving sign, reversed halo sign, vacuolar sign, halo sign, vascular enlargement, linear opacities, traction bronchiectasis, peribronchial wall thickness, air trapping, pleural retraction, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, cavitation, mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy, dominant lesion size, consolidation, subpleural curvilinear opacities, air bronchogram, and pleural thickening) of the patients were evaluated. CT findings were also evaluated with the RSNA consensus guideline and the CORADS scoring system. Data were divided into two main groups—non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pneumonia—and compared statistically with chi-squared tests and multiple regression analysis of independent variables. Results RSNA and CORADS classifications of CT scan images were able to successfully differentiate between positive and negative COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Statistically significant differences were found between the two patient groups in various categories including the percentage of involvement, number of lesions, distribution preference, dominant pattern, nodule, tree in bud, interstitial changes, crazy paving, reverse halo vascular enlargement, peribronchial wall thickness, air trapping, pleural retraction, pleural/pericardial effusion, cavitation, and mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy (p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis of independent variables found a significant effect in reverse halo sign (β = 0.097, p < 0.05) and pleural effusion (β = 10.631, p < 0.05) on COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Conclusion The presence of reverse halo and absence of pleural effusion was found to be characteristic of COVID-19 pneumonia and therefore a reliable diagnostic tool to differentiate it from non-COVID-19 pneumonia.

Sex-specific associations between metabolic hormones, severe mental disorders and antipsychotic treatment

BackgroundMetabolic dysregulation has been associated with severe mental disorders (SMD) and with antipsychotic (AP) treatment, but the role of sex is unknown. To identify possible sex-related processes linked to SMD and AP treatment, we investigated sex differences in associations between hormones involved in metabolic regulation in patients with SMD compared to healthy controls (HC) and AP treatment. MethodsWe included patients with SMD (N = 1753) and HC (N = 1194) and measured hormones involved in metabolic regulation (insulin, cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine, leptin, adiponectin, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin). Patients were grouped according to use of first-generation AP (N = 163), second-generation AP (N = 1087) or no use of AP (N = 503). Hormones were used one by one as dependent variables in multiple regression analyses with interactions between sex and SMD patients versus HC, and between sex and AP treatment, followed by analyses in males and females separately. ResultsWe found significant interactions between sex and SMD patients versus HC for testosterone, SHBG and adiponectin, with significantly higher testosterone and lower adiponectin levels in females. Furthermore, we found significant interaction between sex and AP groups for TSH, testosterone and insulin, with significantly lower TSH levels in AP-treated females, and lower testosterone and higher insulin levels in AP-treated males. ConclusionsOur findings suggest sex differences in metabolic hormones related to both SMD and AP treatment, indicating sex-dependent mechanisms. Clinicians should be aware of potential sex-specific metabolic changes during AP treatment and experimental studies are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

Can C-reactive protein predict coagulation in off pump coronary artery bypass grafting? A cohort study

BackgroundPrevious study found that C-reactive protein (CRP) can predict bleeding after on-pump CABG. To evaluate whether preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) can be a novel marker of postoperative bleeding in patients having off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Multiple variable regression analyses were performed. 537 patients undergoing off-pump isolated primary CABG at Fuwai Hospital from September 2017 to July 2018 were recorded. The primary endpoint was bleeding volume within 24 h after surgery.ResultsData of 537 patients undergoing off-pump isolated primary CABG at Fuwai Hospital were recorded. The correlations between bleeding volume within 24 h after surgery and preoperative data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate linear regression. Much more preoperative CRP concentration (B = −0.089, P < 0.05) was associated with less postoperative bleeding volume and fibrinogen (B = 0.594, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPreoperative CRP concentration is independently correlated with the postoperative volume of bleeding within 24 h. CRP may become a novel coagulation index in coronary artery atherosclerotic disease.

Calculating the Relative Importance of Multiple Regression Predictor Variables Using Dominance Analysis and Random Forests

AbstractResearchers often make claims regarding the importance of predictor variables in multiple regression analysis by comparing standardized regression coefficients (standardized beta coefficients). This practice has been criticized as a misuse of multiple regression analysis. As a remedy, I highlight the use of dominance analysis and random forests, a machine learning technique, in this method showcase article for accurately determining predictor importance in multiple regression analysis. To demonstrate the utility of dominance analysis and random forests, I reproduced the results of an empirical study and applied these analytical procedures. The results reconfirmed that multiple regression analysis should always be accompanied by dominance analysis and random forests to identify the unique contribution of individual predictors while considering correlations among predictors. I also introduce a web application for facilitating the use of dominance analysis and random forests among second language researchers.

PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN SISWA DAN PRAKTEK LAPANGAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA SMKN 1 SOLOK JURUSAN BISNIS DARING DAN PEMASARAN

This research was conducted at SMKN 1 Solok. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence Student Skills and Field Practice had on Entrepreneurial Motivation of Students at SMKN 1 Solok, Department of Online Business and Marketing. The population in this study amounted to 84 people. Types of quantitative research. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method and in this study the sample was class XII BDP 3, which consisted of 30 people. The data collection technique used is by using a questionnaire or questionnaire. Based on multiple linear regression analysis of Student Skills and Field Practice variables affect the Entrepreneurial Motivation of Students at SMKN 1 Solok Y = 2.408 + 0.744X1 + 0.293X2 + e. From the t-test conducted, it was found that the variable X1 Student Skills had a significant effect on Student Entrepreneurial Motivation with tcount greater than t table 7.735&gt; 2.05 and a significant level value of 0.000 &lt;0.05 then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Variable X2 Field Practice has a significant effect on Student Entrepreneurial Motivation, the known value of t count &gt; t table is 3.008 &gt; 2.05 and the significance value is 0.006 &lt; 0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. From the f test conducted, it was found that students and field practice had a simultaneous effect on students' entrepreneurial motivation with f fcount 44,038 &gt; ftable 3,354 with a significance value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05, then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. From the Determination Test, the value of R square is 0.765 or 76.5%. This indicates that the contribution of the variable Student Skills and Field Practice is 76.5%. While the remaining 23.5% is influenced by other variables

Predictors of Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Arcuate Keratotomy Efficacy for Astigmatism Correction in Cataract Surgery

To evaluate the predictors related to the efficacy of epithelium- and Bowman membrane-penetrating femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomy (FSAK) in the treatment of preoperative astigmatism in patients with cataracts and to clarify the predictive role of the incision-to-limbus distance. This retrospective study included patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with FSAK using the LenSX platform (Alcon Laboratories, Inc) at Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital from March 2017 to December 2021. The Lenstar LS900 (Haag-Streit, Inc) was used to measure the horizontal corneal diameter, and ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health) was used to measure the vertical corneal diameter and incision-to-limbus distance. Finally, the measured values were converted. Changes in corneal astigmatism before and 3 months after surgery were analyzed using Alpins vector analysis. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to evaluate the factors associated with surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in preoperative ocular biometric parameters. The study included 94 eyes of 94 patients. The mean target induced astigmatism was 1.36 ± 0.44 diopters (D), SIA was 0.82 ± 0.43 D, and mean difference vector was 0.70 ± 0.40 D. Pearson correlation analysis and univariate regression analysis showed that preoperative corneal astigmatism, arcuate keratotomy arc length, incision-to-limbus distance, and astigmatism type were significant predictors of SIA. Multiple variable regression analysis included parameters such as age, arcuate keratotomy arc length, and incision-to-limbus distance and established a multiple regression model of SIA (all P < .01). The incision-to-limbus distance was a significant independent predictor of SIA, and inclusion of this parameter may further improve the accuracy of the nomogram. [J Refract Surg. 2022;38(8):480-486.].

Factors that influence the disclosure of mandatory intangible assets by Polish listed companies

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence compliance with IAS 38 mandatory disclosure requirements for intangible assets by companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Methodology/approach: Based on the content analysis of 117 consolidated financial statements for 2018, disclosure indexes were calculated, which serve as independent variables in multiple regression analysis. Findings: In line with signaling theory, entities signal their superiority (high profita-bility) with costly signals, i.e., disclosing information that cannot be easily obtained from accounting systems (referred to as advanced disclosures). Low-quality firms (with lower profitability) disclose basic information more intensively, which can be easily obtained from accounting systems, and at a low cost. A higher number of significant shareholders (higher information asymmetry) forces better compliance, especially with regard to advanced disclosure. Research limitations/implications: Limited and cross-sectional research sample. Originality/value: The paper demonstrates that mandatory disclosure items differ with respect to the preparation cost. Considering basic and advanced disclosure (with low and high preparation costs, respectively) is potentially beneficial for a deeper un-derstanding of the field.

Rethinking Routine Intensive Care After Cytoreductive Surgery With Heated Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: The Fiscal Argument

Patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are frequently admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for mitigation of potential complications, although ICU length of stay (LOS) is a significant driver of cost. This study asked whether a fiscal argument could be made for the selective avoidance of ICU admission after CRS/HIPEC. Prospective data for select low-risk patients (e.g., lower peritoneal cancer index [PCI]) admitted to the intermediate care unit (IMC) instead of the ICU after CRS/HIPEC were matched with a historic cohort routinely admitted to the ICU. Cohort comparisons and the impact of the intervention on cost were assessed. The study matched 81 CRS/HIPEC procedures to form a cohort of 49 pre- and 15 post-intervention procedures for patients with similar disease burdens (mean PCI, 8 ± 6.7 vs. 7 ± 5.1). The pre-intervention patients stayed a median of 1 day longer in the ICU (1 day [IQR, 1-1 day] vs. 0 days [IQR, 0-0 days]) and had a longer LOS (8 days [IQR, 7-11 days] vs. 6 days [IQR, 5.5-9 days]). Complications and complication severity did not differ statistically. The median total hospital cost was lower after intervention ($30,845 [IQR, $30,181-$37,725] vs. $41,477 [IQR, $33,303-$51,838]), driven by decreased indirect fixed cost ($8984 [IQR, $8643-$11,286] vs. $14,314 [IQR, $12,206-$18,266]). In a weighted multiple variable linear regression analysis, the intervention was associated with a savings of $2208.68 per patient. Selective admission to the IMC after CRS/HIPEC was associated with $2208.68 in savings per patient without added risk. In this era of cost-conscious practice of medicine, these data highlight an opportunity to decrease cost by more than 5% for patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC.

Monitoring multi-temporal and spatial variations of water transparency in the Jiaozhou Bay using GOCI data

Water transparency, commonly measured as Secchi disk depth (SDD), is essential for describing the optical properties of coastal waters. We proposed a regional linear corrected SDD estimation model based on the North Sea Mathematical Models for GOCI and the mechanical model developed by Lee et al. (2015) in the Jiaozhou Bay. Combined with the multiple variable linear regression analysis, the diurnal SDD variations of the bay inside and the bay mouth are controlled by the solar zenith angle (SZA) and tides. The bay outside mainly varies with SZA. From GOCI observations between 2011 and 2021, wind force influenced the entire area on the inner-annual SDD variations. It exhibits an increasing trend in the inter-annual dynamics, which was more stable inside the bay with an annual increase of 0.035 m, and air temperature was the most significant contribution. However, human activities cannot be ignored in causing water environment changes.

Higher Body Mass Index in Hospitalized Older Patients Is Related to Higher Muscle Quality.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between muscle mass, intramuscular adipose tissue, and body mass index (BMI) in older inpatients. Cross-sectional study. Hospital-based study. This study included 413 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years (186 men and 227 women). Muscle mass and intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps were assessed by measuring the muscle thickness and echo intensity on ultrasound images. To examine the relationship between quadriceps thickness and echo intensity and BMI in total participants and each sex, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient was used. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether BMI was independently and significantly related to the quadriceps thickness and echo intensity, even after adjusting for other variables for total participants and each sex. The independent variables in multiple regression analyses were BMI, age, disease, days from onset disease. The results of the correlation analyses showed that BMI was significantly related to the quadriceps thickness (total participants, τ = 0.431; men, τ = 0.491; women, τ = 0.388) and echo intensity (total participants, τ = -0.239; men, τ = -0.318; women, τ = -0.188). In the multiple regression analysis, BMI was independently and significantly associated with the quadriceps thickness (total participants, β = 0.535; men, β = 0.548; women, β = 0.519) and echo intensity (total participants, β = -0.287; men, β = -0.398; women, β = -0.210). This study indicated that older inpatients with a higher BMI have greater muscle mass and less intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps. These results suggested that a higher BMI in older inpatients is related to higher quadriceps muscle quality.

Does attending an English private school benefit mental health and life satisfaction? From adolescence to adulthood

ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that there is a small but significant cumulative private school advantage in terms of educational attainment in Britain. However, research on how school type influences non-educational outcomes is more scarcer. This paper aims to identify the extent to which school type influences satisfaction with life and mental health from adolescence to early adulthood. Using Next Steps, a longitudinal study of young people in England born in 1989/90, the authors use multiple variable regression analyses to address the research questions. They find that for this cohort there is no evidence of a difference for mental health and life satisfaction by school type for either men or women in adolescence or early adulthood.

The association between childhood trauma and the age of onset in drug-free bipolar depression

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and clinical correlates in bipolar depression. MethodsA total of 61 bipolar depression patients were enrolled and assessed based on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Patient Health Questionaire-15 (PHQ-15), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) systems. ResultsThe age of onset in bipolar depression patients with either trauma or abuse or neglect was significantly lower than in patients without these factors. There were statistically significant negative correlations between the age of onset and the number of different trauma types in bipolar depression patients. Multiple variable regression showed a significant association between the number of trauma types and the age of onset. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between the age of onset with CTQ-SF total score (CTS), emotional abuse score and emotional neglect score, and physical neglect score. However, multiple variable regression analysis revealed that there was a significant association between emotional abuse score and the age of onset of bipolar depression patients.Conclusion: Our results suggest that childhood trauma may be associated with physical symptoms and the age of onset in bipolar depression patients.