Multiple Registers Research Articles

Met and unmet prison-based treatment needs for people who are incarcerated with a history of substance use disorder: A nationwide cohort study

BackgroundSubstance use disorders (SUD) are highly prevalent among incarcerated people. However, in some prisons, only a small percentage of those who need treatment receive it. The aims of this study were to examine coverage of treatment for SUD in Danish prisons and assess whether treatment differed by substance class. Further, we examined factors associated with receiving treatment for SUD, and types of services received. Data and methodsWe linked multiple Danish register data using unique personal identification numbers. This study retrospectively analysed data for 49,330 individuals (aged 18–90) incarcerated in Danish prisons between 2008 and 2018. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to predict enrolment in treatment for SUD in prison. ResultsOf incarcerated people with a history of SUD, 34.6 % received treatment care during incarceration. We observed only minor variations in terms of substance classes concerning the type of treatment. Those who were women, immigrants, had higher education, or were married were less likely to receive treatment. ConclusionsImproving access and increasing treatment coverage in the Danish Prison and Probation Services is crucial to reduce the burden of SUD in incarcerated populations.

Optimizing Hardware Resource Utilization for Accelerating the NTRU-KEM Algorithm

This paper focuses on enhancing the performance of the Nth-degree truncated-polynomial ring units key encapsulation mechanism (NTRU-KEM) algorithm, which ensures post-quantum resistance in the field of key establishment cryptography. The NTRU-KEM, while robust, suffers from increased storage and computational demands compared to classical cryptography, leading to significant memory and performance overheads. In environments with limited resources, the negative impacts of these overheads are more noticeable, leading researchers to investigate ways to speed up processes while also ensuring they are efficient in terms of area utilization. To address this, our research carefully examines the detailed functions of the NTRU-KEM algorithm, adopting a software/hardware co-design approach. This approach allows for customized computation, adapting to the varying requirements of operational timings and iterations. The key contribution is the development of a novel hardware acceleration technique focused on optimizing bus utilization. This technique enables parallel processing of multiple sub-functions, enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. Furthermore, we introduce a unique integrated register array that significantly reduces the spatial footprint of the design by merging multiple registers within the accelerator. In experiments conducted, the results of our work were found to be remarkable, with a time-area efficiency achieved that surpasses previous work by an average of 25.37 times. This achievement underscores the effectiveness of our optimization in accelerating the NTRU-KEM algorithm.

Who receives heroin-assisted treatment? A comparison of patients receiving opioid maintenance treatment in Denmark

BackgroundSince 2010, heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) has been one of the treatment options available to people with opioid use disorder (OUD) in Denmark. This study aimed to characterize HAT patients at treatment start and compare their individual characteristics to those of patients entering traditional opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) with methadone or buprenorphine during the same period. MethodsPatients who initiated HAT or OMT with methadone or buprenorphine in Denmark from 2010 to 2018 were included (n=6798). Multiple national registers were linked to compare treatment groups in terms of socio-demographic variables, previous OUD treatment episodes, hospital-based care, and criminal conviction history. ResultsNearly all HAT patients had a history of methadone treatment (91%) and half had residential treatment experience (48%). In the year previous to admission, HAT patients recorded the highest percentages of non-fatal overdoses (12%) and chronic hepatitis C diagnoses (16%), and the lowest percentages of psychiatric disorders (11%) compared to traditional OMT patients. Criminal convictions were also common: 39% of the HAT group had committed a property crime and 18% a drug-related crime the year before HAT entry. During the study period, an overall reduction in OMT enrollments for each year was recorded. The HAT proportion to the total remained fairly stable (4%−10%), while the buprenorphine proportion increased. ConclusionsIn Denmark, OMT patients exhibited numerous vulnerabilities at treatment start, and among the patient groups, HAT patients were the most burdened. HAT seems to reach the target group and adhere to formulated eligibility criteria.

Reparations, Time, and Decolonizing Postcolonial Violence towards Global Gender Justice

Abstract: Reparations are emerging as a world-making project, as a political goal that moves us beyond models of responsibility that come primarily in the form of bombs and sexual violence as we have seen in the United Nation's Responsibility to Protect (R2P). In this paper, we argue that reparations are a world-making project which challenges simultaneously colonization and enslavement in their newer incarnations of capital and gendered violence in war. We first engage with the debates on violence and postcoloniality. Second, we engage with the politics of reparations and gender. To do so we focus on feminist transformative reparations and repair debates. Some of the mainstream literature of liberal and progressive orientations remain within the realm of integrating survivors of violence within racial-national compacts, thereby evading the inter-related forms of violence and extractions that underwrite such integration and social compacts. Third, we turn to reparations, gender, and time. Fourth, we work towards a definition of radical repair. Fifth, we consider reparative practices as decolonization movement in its multiple registers—as acts of undoing structures of violence and its incarnation/s in war, and as acts of justice—moving beyond the dominant juridical or financial definitions of reparations (as established by the colonial state, or by capitalist legal systems) to think reparation as an active process oriented towards futures that does not lose sight of the ongoing 'liveness' of the colonial. Finally, in the concluding section, we discuss reparations as abolition. We argue that transformative reparations are not mere restitutions but attempts to challenge presuppositions about the world and its making as well as abolish this "simple" and death world, while envisioning reparations as solidarity and love, in the heterogeneity of bodies, words, affects, sounds, movements, and intensities.

Forging Communal Space: Negotiating Streets and Practices in Delhi, 1922–65

This paper examines space-making in the Jangpura-Bhogal locality of Delhi by documenting communal conflicts in the late 1920s and 1950s. First, it addresses the production of a Hindu religious space by disavowing Muslim ritual practices under a colonial regime seeking to control religious conflict. Second, it unpacks the diverse mechanisms used to produce a Sikh political space during a nascent postcolonial state’s management of linguistic subnationalisms. Grounded in power relations and cohesions around multiple social registers, these variegated spatial claims were made through political and religious processions, petitions and physical violence. These communal geographies highlight the importance of neighbourhood histories.

(Re)charging Queer Indigenous zones: Pedagogical hub-making with the Land of the Spirit Waters

This article situates the multiple formations of pedagogical hubs that Two-Spirit, Queer, and Trans (2S/Q/T) Indigenous educators co-constitute with the Land of the Spirit Waters (central and south Texas, United States). Through these pedagogical hubs, 2S/Q/T Indigenous educators are re-constituting a Queer Indigenous cosmology bonded intimately with their relationships with the Land, ceremony, community, and other 2S/Q/T people. Guided by these relationalities, they come together to teach, create, and sustain 2S/Q/T Indigenous subjectivities, as, within specific Indigenous communities, gender and sexuality can often be seen in rigid and impenetrable ways. One of these pedagogical hubs is a Queer and youth-led Danza Mexica (Aztec dancing) group in Austin, Texas. In learning with the Land, I co-theorize with the concept of the recharge zone, an area in which Water runoff accumulates within a particular region, fills the aquifer below, and later emerges as springs that give life to the area. I argue that 2S/Q/T Indigenous people are mirroring these geological processes because their acts of gathering, much like a recharge zone, give life to a region marked by cis-heteropatriarchy and the enduring remnants of settler sexualities. Thus, the process of (re)charging Queer Indigenous zones presents multiple registers of epistemology and learning with the Land and demonstrates how 2S/Q/T Indigenous people co-create and fortify dreams, stories, experiences, and futures that have always already been Queer.

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face elevated risks of psychiatric disorders. Despite their nonnegligible adverse effects, psychotropic medications are a common cost-effective approach to alleviating psychiatric symptoms, but evidence regarding their dispensation to children and adolescents with T1D remains lacking. To examine the trends and patterns of psychotropic medication dispensation among children and adolescents with T1D in Sweden between 2006 and 2019. This cohort study used data from multiple Swedish registers. The main study cohort included children and adolescents residing in Sweden from 2006 to 2019 and was followed up until the earliest of December 31, 2019, 18th birthday, emigration, or death. Data analyses were conducted from November 1, 2022, to April 30, 2023. Type 1 diabetes. The primary outcomes were trends and patterns of psychotropic medication dispensation (including antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, mood stabilizers, and medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]), psychotropic medication initiation, and history of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnosis. Cumulative incidence curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the aggregated incidence and hazard ratios of medication initiation after diabetes onset. Of 3 723 745 children and adolescents (1 896 199 boys [50.9%]), 13 200 (0.4%; 7242 boys [54.9%]) had T1D (median [IQR] age at diagnosis, 11.1 [7.6-14.7] years). Between 2006 and 2019, psychotropic medication dispensation increased from 0.85% (95% CI, 0.65%-1.10%) to 3.84% (3.11%-4.69%) among children and from 2.72% (95% CI, 2.15%-3.39%) to 13.54% (95% CI, 12.88%-14.23%) among adolescents with T1D, consistently higher than their peers without T1D. The most commonly dispensed medications included hypnotics, ADHD medications, anxiolytics, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and all exhibited increasing trends. For those with T1D, psychiatric care was the primary prescription source, and up to 50.1% of treatments lasted more than 12 months. In addition, children and adolescents with T1D showed higher cumulative incidence and hazard ratios of medication initiation after diabetes onset than their same-age and same-sex counterparts. This cohort study found an increasing trend in psychotropic medication dispensation among children and adolescents with T1D from 2006 to 2019, persistently higher than those without T1D. These findings call for further in-depth investigations into the benefits and risks of psychotropic medications within this population and highlight the importance of integrating pediatric diabetes care and mental health care for early detection of psychological needs and careful monitoring of medication use.

Real-world treatment outcomes and safety of natalizumab in Finnish multiple sclerosis patients.

The primary objective was to evaluate long-term treatment persistence and safety of natalizumab in Finnish multiple sclerosis patients. The secondary objectives were to assess patient characteristics, use of natalizumab-related safety protocol, and treatment persistence in patients with different anti-John Cunningham virus antibody statuses (John Cunningham virus status). All adult multiple sclerosis patients in the Finnish multiple sclerosis register who started natalizumab between 1/2006 and 12/2018 were included in this study and followed retrospectively until treatment discontinuation or end of follow-up (12/2019). In total, 850 patients were included. Median duration of natalizumab treatment was 7.8 years in John Cunningham virus negative (n = 229) and 2.1 years in John Cunningham virus positive patients (n = 115; p < 0.001). The most common cause for treatment discontinuation was John Cunningham virus positivity. After natalizumab discontinuation, patients who had a washout duration of less than 6 weeks had fewer relapses during the first 6 months (p = 0.012) and 12 months (p = 0.005) compared with patients who had a washout duration of over 6 weeks. During the median follow-up of 3.6 years, 76% of patients remained stable or improved on their Expanded Disability Status Scale. Treatment persistence was very high among John Cunningham virus negative patients. The study supports long-term effectiveness of natalizumab and a washout duration of less than 6 weeks after discontinuation.

Valeria Luiselli's Desierto sonoro and the Sonic Registers of the Novel

Abstract: Desierto sonoro (2019), Valeria Luiselli's first novel written in English and published both in English and Spanish translation, has been read by critics as an anglophone novel of "sentimental activism" (David James), with focus on the literary representation of an ongoing refugee crisis of children migrating across the southern border of the United States. This essay argues that the multiple archival registers of the novel—listening and recording devices as well as books, notes, photographs—suggest a hemispheric dimension, enabling a reading of the novel situated both in the Latin American tradition of archival fictions as well as the Anglo-American modernist tradition. As a modernist novel written in a densely poetic style, Desierto sonoro is concerned with inhabiting a past always already mediated by other texts, music, and images; as a Latin American novel, its concern is with the critique and retelling of foundational myths, embodied in storytelling and the realist tradition of Latin American writing. As such, through a deployment of different registers of experience, this novel challenges readers to think of archives as depositories of both written history and oral storytelling.

Resisting the Clockwork of Occupation

Abstract Despite its centrality as a locus of both occupation and resistance in Kashmir, the inquiry into time has received scant academic attention. This essay undertakes two lines of inquiry. First, it attempts to foreground the temporal extraction integral to the Indian state’s matrix of control, arguing that its military occupation and settler-colonial project in Kashmir operates not only through the logics of spatial control but also through a control over time. The state has not only tried to erase people out of their own futures but also weaponized the idea of future itself—as a site of a permanent and multimodal extraction. Second, Kashmir’s liberation praxis is anchored on a rejection of an occupational and settler-colonial temporal order and, through two ethnographic fragments, this essay explores enactments of alternate temporal imaginaries and consciousness and foregrounds multiple registers of “in-betweenness” within this imaginary. The essay redirects attention from future as an event or a discrete unit of time, and from its not-yetness, toward the intimate and everyday articulations and enactments of future—a complex ongoing process of becoming and unbecoming unfolding in the everyday. Thus the essay calls for reimagining “ruptures”—instead of “futures”—as a locus of liberation.

Parental substance use disorder and risk of intellectual disability in offspring in Sweden: a national register study

Intellectual disability (ID) is a disorder with unknown aetiology in many cases. Maternal alcohol use is a known risk factor for ID, but less is known about the importance of maternal and paternal substance use disorder (SUD) and risk of ID in offspring. Data from multiple nationwide registers were used to create a cohort of children born from January 01, 1978 to December 31, 2002. All participants were born in Sweden, had available parental identification information and did not emigrate or die before age 12 (n=1,940,820). Logistic regression modelling was performed with exposure defined as having a parent who received any SUD diagnosis, including alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD). The outcome was registration of diagnosis of any form of ID. First, we analysed the risk of ID if parental SUD was registered prior to childbirth with stepwise adjustment of multiple covariates. Second, the effect of timing of SUD diagnosis in relation to childbirth was analysed. Of 37,410 offspring with parental SUD registered prior to birth, 3.0% (n=1110) had any form of ID compared to 1.2% (n=23,168) of those 1,903,410 individuals without parental SUD prior birth. Parental SUD prior birth was associated with an increased risk of any form of ID (Odds Ratio [OR]: 2.3 [2.2-2.5]), with ORs similar for maternal (OR: 2.3 [2.1-2.5]) and paternal SUD (OR: 2.3 [2.1-2.5]). These ORs were reduced but remained statistically significant after adjusting for parental education, migration, psychiatric comorbidity, and co-parent SUD (OR parental SUD: 1.6 [1.5-1.8]; OR maternal SUD: 1.4 [1.2-1.5]; OR paternal SUD: 1.6 [1.5-1.7]). Parental SUD was associated with increased risk of ID in offspring irrespective of timing of diagnosis, but if mothers or fathers were diagnosed with AUD during pregnancy (OR maternal AUD: 5.0 [3.1-8.2]; OR paternal AUD: 2.8 [2.2-3.6]), the risk was significantly greater than if the AUD diagnosis was first registered after childbirth (OR maternal AUD: 1.9 [1.8-2.0]; OR paternal AUD: 1.6 [1.6-1.7]). Both paternal and maternal SUD were associated with an increased risk of ID in offspring, with greatest risk observed when AUD was diagnosed during pregnancy. Possible mechanisms may involve shared genetic and environmental factors, including toxic effects from alcohol intake. These findings have clinical implications in suggesting that parental SUD in either parent represents a possibly modifiable risk factor to consider when developing prevention, diagnostics and treatment programs for children with ID. Stockholm County Council, the Research Council of the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly, Fredrik and Ingrid Thurings stiftelse, Academy of Finland, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, Nordforsk by the Nordic Council of Ministers and the Polish Medical Research Agency.

Attuning to ambiguous atmospheres: Currents of air, discourse and time in a steel town

AbstractHow atmospheric pollution is perceived by urban dwellers has long been a topic of interest within geography and the social sciences, whether to draw attention to environmental injustices, to better understand the materialities and affects associated with polluted air, or to grasp how people ‘tune in’ to polluted matter. In this paper, we draw on three interrelated geographical and social science literatures on polluted air to inform our exploration of how residents of an industrial town in the UK encounter and perceive localised ambient air pollution. Using creative methods, we explore residents' narrative accounts of everyday life in the town, revealing how their engagements with the matter of pollution over time are drawn from multiple registers, giving rise to a plurality of perceptions filled with tensions between near and far, and between past, present and future, producing an ambiguous atmosphere all of its own. The paper contributes to geographic explorations of urban atmospheres an understanding of how they are differently experienced and known, and how residential perceptions might persist or change over different timescales.

Unsettling Race, Nature, and Environment in Geography

What might it mean to “unsettle” our disciplinary understanding of race, nature, and the environment? In this introduction to the 2023 Special Issue of the Annals of the American Association of Geographers—focused on Race, Nature, and the Environment—we reflect on the meaning and practice of unsettling in a time of climate crisis, toxic legacies, uneven development, state violence, mass extinctions, carceral logics, and racial injustices that shape—and are shaped by—the (re)production of nature. We note the ascendancy of critical scholarship on race and racialization in Anglo-American geography; its uneven diffusion and unmet challenges; and the unstoppable force of insurgent thinking, abolition geography, critical race theory, Black and Indigenous geographies, scholar activism, and environmental justice praxis in taking hold and transforming the discipline. The sixteen articles in this special issue embody different ways to “unsettle” disciplinary thought across the vibrant fields of political ecology and human–environment geography. We discuss how the articles collectively grapple with timely questions of land, water, territory, and place-making; render visible the spatial and socioecological reproduction of power and violence by capital and the state; and make space for the enduring politics of struggle on multiple registers—body, home, classroom, park, city, community, region, and world.

Twenty-first century ideological discourses about US migrant education that transcend registers

Widely distributed and often repeated discursive patterns which represent migrants can influence the education of migrant students ( Calavita, 1996 ; Santa Ana, 2002 ; Cutler, 2017 ; and Dabach et al., 2017 ). Ideological discourses (e.g., ‘immigrants are threats’) are particularly potent structures that mediate language, cognition and social life. Whilst there has been a recent increase in studies of texts on the topic of migration generally, there are few that focus on the intersection of migration and education or on discursive patterns that transcend registers. This study introduces a multi-dimensional analysis approach for the identification of ideological discourses from a 9 million-word corpus of twenty-first century, US texts about migrant education from multiple registers (online comments, national and regional newspaper texts, and federal and state government webpages) using the distribution of lexical variables that characterise variants of migrant/ migration. Eleven ideological discourses (e.g., ‘US immigration policies are problematic, but there is no consensus for solutions’) were found. Of these, several had not been previously identified, one confirmed a previously identified discourse, and several complemented and extended previously identified discursive patterns on this topic. Together, these findings reveal the highly naturalised ideologically discursive landscape that shapes educational opportunities for US migrant students.

Development and Validation of a Prediction Tool for Reoffending Risk in Domestic Violence.

Current risk assessment tools for domestic violence against family members were developed with small and selected samples, have low accuracy with few external validations, and do not report key performance measures. To develop new tools to assess risk of reoffending among individuals who have perpetrated domestic violence. This prognostic study investigated a national cohort of all individuals arrested for domestic violence between 1998 and 2013 in Sweden using information from multiple national registers, including National Crime Register, National Patient Register, Longitudinal Integrated Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies Register, and Multi-Generation Register. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to June 2023. Arrest for domestic violence. Prediction models were developed for 3 reoffending outcomes after arrest for domestic violence: conviction of a new violent crime (including domestic violence), conviction of any new crime, and rearrest for domestic violence at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. The prediction models were created using sociodemographic factors, criminological factors, and mental health status-related factors, linking data from multiple population-based longitudinal registers. Cox proportional hazard multivariable regression was used to develop prediction models and validate them in external samples. Key performance measures, including discrimination at prespecified cutoffs and calibration statistics, were investigated. The cohort included 27 456 individuals (mean [SD] age, 39.4 [11.6] years; 24 804 men [90.3%]) arrested for domestic violence, of whom 4222 (15.4%) reoffended and were convicted for a new violent crime during a mean (SD) follow-up of 26.5 (27.0) months, 9010 (32.8%) reoffended and were convicted for a new crime (mean [SD] follow-up, 22.4 [25.1] months), and 2080 (7.6%) were rearrested for domestic violence (mean [SD] follow-up, 25.7 [30.6] months). Prediction models were developed with sociodemographic, criminological, and mental health factors and showed good measures of discrimination and calibration for violent reoffending and any reoffending. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for risk of violent reoffending was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.74-0.76) at 1 year, 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75-0.77) at 3 years, and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75-0.77) 5 years. The AUC for risk of any reoffending was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75-0.77) at 1 year and at 3 years and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75-0.76) at 5 years. The model for domestic violence reoffending showed modest discrimination (C index, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.61-0.65) and good calibration. The validation models showed discrimination and calibration performance similar to those of derivation models for all 3 reoffending outcomes. The prediction models have been translated into 3 simple online risk calculators that are freely available to use. This prognostic study developed scalable, evidence-based prediction tools that could support decision-making in criminal justice systems, particularly at the arrest stage when identifying those at higher risk of reoffending and screening out individuals at low risk of reoffending. Furthermore, these tools can enhance treatment allocation by enabling criminal justice services to focus on modifiable risk factors identified in the tools for individuals at high risk of reoffending.

Gender-based harassment in Swedish workplaces and alcohol-related morbidity and mortality: A prospective cohort study.

The study investigated experiences of different types of work-related gender-based harassment (GBH), specifically sexual and gender harassment, as risk factors for alcohol-related morbidity and mortality (ARMM). Information about experiences of (i) sexual harassment (SH-I) and (ii) gender harassment (GH-I) from inside the organization and (iii) sexual harassment from a person external to the organization (SH-E) were obtained from the Swedish Work Environment Survey 1995-2013, a biannual cross-sectional survey, administered to a representative sample of the Swedish working population. The survey responses from 86 033 individuals were connected to multiple registers containing information about alcohol-related diagnoses, treatment, or cause of death. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to assess hazard ratios (HR) of incident ARMM during a mean follow-up of eight (SH-I and GH-I) and ten (SH-E) years. A higher prospective risk estimate of ARMM was found among participants who reported experiences of SH-E [HR 2.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.61-2.52], GH-I (HR 1.33, CI 1.03-1.70), or SH-I (HR 2.37, CI 1.42-3.00). Additional analyses, distinguishing one-time from reoccurring harassment experiences, indicated a dose-response relationship for all three harassment types. Gender did not modify the associations. Under the assumption of causality, 9.3% (95% CI 5.4-13.1) of the risk of ARMM among Swedish women and 2.1% (95% CI 0.6-3.6) among Swedish men would be attributable to any of the three types of GBH included in this study. Experiences of GBH in the work context may be a highly relevant factor in the etiology of ARMM.

Provision and Characterization of a Corpus for Pharmaceutical, Biomedical Named Entity Recognition for Pharmacovigilance: Evaluation of Language Registers and Training Data Sufficiency.

Machine learning (ML) systems are widely used for automatic entity recognition in pharmacovigilance. Publicly available datasets do not allow the use of annotated entities independently, focusing on small entity subsets or on single language registers (informal or scientific language). The objective of the current study was to create a dataset that enables independent usage of entities, explores the performance of predictive ML models on different registers, and introduces a method to investigate entity cut-off performance. A dataset has been created combining different registers with 18 different entities. We applied this dataset to compare the performance of integrated models with models created with single language registers only. We introduced fractional stratified k-fold cross-validation to determine model performance on entity level by using training dataset fractions. We investigated the course of entity performance with fractions of training datasets and evaluated entity peak and cut-off performance. The dataset combines 1400 records (scientific language: 790; informal language: 610) with 2622 sentences and 9989 entity occurrences and combines data from external (801 records) and internal sources (599 records). We demonstrated that single language register models underperform compared to integrated models trained with multiple language registers. A manually annotated dataset with a variety of different pharmaceutical and biomedical entities was created and is made available to the research community. Our results show that models that combine different registers provide better maintainability, have higher robustness, and have similar or higher performance. Fractional stratified k-fold cross-validation allows the evaluation of training data sufficiency on the entity level.

The Art of Dance and The Human Body in Motion

"Through this study, I have developed an invariant relationship between dance art and theatricality and dramaturgical context that reveals a complex picture of the human body in motion. The human body becomes a syncretic modulation of corporeality and gesturality through dance in theatrical discourse. As a medium of expression and reception, contemporary dance addresses multiple registers, including physicality, energy of the body-subject itself, and multiple sonorities. Consequently, contemporary art is constantly researching and interpreting spaces in which the geography of the body is shaped in an increasingly personal and intimate way. Dance is increasingly imprinted with personal searches, inner questions, nuanced through each spectacular presentation, reflecting the world in which we live geographically."

Combination of radiation and immunotherapy in the treatment of genitourinary malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Due to possible synergistic effects, the combination of radiation therapy (RT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represents an interesting therapeutic option. An increasing number of clinical trials are ongoing to investigate this combination in genitourinary malignancies and the first results are available. To review and summarize available data on the combination of RT and ICI in genitourinary malignancies and update the evidence for this potential therapeutic approach. A study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO-Database. Terms of search were prostate cancer, bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, penile cancer, testicular cancer, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy in multiple literature databases and study registers. Clinical studies reporting on the combination treatment of RT and ICI were included. A systematic review of ongoing trials according to the PRISMA statement and a meta-analysis of available trials were performed. Overall, 43 studies met the inclusion criteria examining the therapeutic effect of combined RT and ICI. For bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, and penile cancer 28, 9, 5, and 1 trial could be identified, respectively. No study was found for testicular cancer. Three phases III trials were identified, all other trials were phase I or II. Twelve studies have been completed so far. The meta-analysis of available data indicates comparable toxicity of RT plus ICI vs. ICI alone for grade 3/4 AEs. Mature efficacy data is limited with interesting early results. This article reviews the clinical trial landscape investigating RT and ICI in genitourinary malignancies. It provides an overview of ongoing trials and discusses available results. Actual data regarding efficacy is limited, while toxicities seem comparable to ICI alone. Especially in bladder and kidney cancer, further trial results might impact on the clinical use of the combination therapy.

In Case You Haven't Heard…

The anniversary of a parent's death appears to be associated with an increased risk of suicide among women, according to a report in JAMA Network Open, the American Psychiatric Association's Psychiatric News Alert announced April 11. “In this case‐crossover study using Swedish national register data, we found evidence of an anniversary reaction among women, with an increased risk of suicide most consistently observed during the two‐day period following the anniversary of a parent's death. Among men, we observed a reduced risk of suicide around the anniversary,” wrote Alessandra Grotta, Ph.D., of Stockholm University and colleagues. Grotta and colleagues relied on linked data from 1990 to 2016 from multiple Swedish registers for the study. The researchers focused their analysis on adults aged 18 to 65 who had experienced the death of a parent and later died of suicide. Although the loss of a parent during childhood has received attention in previous research, bereavement following the loss of a parent experienced during adulthood has been largely overlooked,” Grotta and colleagues wrote. “These findings suggest that families and social and health care professionals need to consider anniversary reactions in suicide prevention among adults who have lost a parent, especially bereaved women.”