Multiple Formula Research Articles

Recent Advancements in Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis with Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Long Way from Lab Bench to Bedside.

Osteoporosis is becoming more prevalent in the ageing society, however, its treatment is still a problem for both society and individuals. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating osteoporosis and is receiving increasing attention. Multiple formulas of TCM showed satisfactory effects in treating osteoporosis in both animal models and clinical patients. However, because TCM usually consists of multiple plant and/or animal products, it is difficult to clarify the mechanism of TCM according to the requirements of Western medicine regarding purity, efficacy, dosage, and safety. With increasing researchers have started to investigate the TCM using modern scientific tools such as bioinformatics and network pharmaceutics in osteoporosis and the addition of TCM in the latest version of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11 version, 2019) by WHO, TCM is showing large potential in treating osteoporosis although there is still a long way. The review aimed to summarize recent advancements of TCM treating osteoporosis.

Projections of orbital measures and quantum marginal problems

This paper studies projections of uniform random elements of (co)adjoint orbits of compact Lie groups. Such projections generalize several widely studied ensembles in random matrix theory, including the randomized Horn’s problem, the randomized Schur’s problem, and the orbital corners process. In this general setting, we prove integral formulae for the probability densities, establish some properties of the densities, and discuss connections to multiplicity problems in representation theory as well as to known results in the symplectic geometry literature. As applications, we show a number of results on marginal problems in quantum information theory and also prove an integral formula for restriction multiplicities.

Study on improved efficiency of induced fracture in gas hydrate reservoir depressurization development

The existence of solid hydrate in porous media always greatly reduces the relative permeability, which limits the development of hydrate reservoirs. Therefore, to recover the gas, it is necessary to carry out reservoir reconstruction measures that induce fractures around the production wells to increase the gas production of hydrate reservoirs. At present, there is limited quantitative research on the promotion of gas production by induced fractures in hydrate reservoirs. In this paper, numerical models of Class Ⅲ hydrate reservoirs with induced fractures are established. By comparing the gas production with and without induced fractures, the effectiveness of induced fractures in promoting the depressurization production of natural gas hydrates is verified. An index of improved efficiency is established and calculated to measure the promotion effect of induced fractures during the fracture promotion stage. The multiple regression calculation formulas of improved efficiency with reservoir geological parameters are obtained by integrating nonlinear regression and linear regression. The calculation model is helpful to quickly and directly measure the rationality and economy of the induced fracture depressurization method to promote hydrate development.

Pengaruh Keefektifan Pengendalian Internal, Ketaatan Aturan Akuntansi, dan Asimetri Informasi terhadap Kecenderungan Kecurangan Akuntansi

This study aims to determine the effect of the effectiveness of internal control, compliance with accounting rules, and information asymmetry on the tendency of accounting fraud in Padang City Regional Apparatus Organizations. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a total of 104 respondents. The data were analyzed using multiple regression formulas with the help of the SPSS application. This study concludes that the effectiveness of internal control has no significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud. Compliance with accounting rules has a significant positive effect on the tendency of accounting fraud. Information asymmetry has a significant positive effect on the tendency of accounting fraud.

Arrhythmia:innovative understanding from traditional Chinese medicine and treatment by classic herbal formulas

Arrhythmia, a common and frequently occurring cardiovascular disease, causes a heavy burden on the public health of China. Approximately 20 million patients are suffering from this disease in China and treated by pharmacological and surgical therapies. However, antiarrhythmic drugs can cause arrhythmia and surgical treatment has the risks of failure and recurrence. Therefore, the clinical outcome of arrhythmia remains to be improved. According to the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory, arrhythmia is a disease of palpitation induced by 7 conditions: liver depression and Qi stagnation, accumulation of turbid phlegm, fluid retention attacking the heart, fire-heat disturbing the heart, stasis obstruction of heart vessel, cold congealing in heart vessel, and the deficiency of Qi, blood, Yin, and Yang. Therefore, this study concisely proposed 7 TCM syndromes of arrhythmia, including the palpitation due to depression, phlegm, fluid retention, fire, blood stasis, cold, and deficiency. The corresponding treatment strategies were recommended as follows: Chaihu Longgu Muli Decoction for the palpitation due to depression, Wendan Decoction for the palpitation due to phlegm, Linggui Zhugan Decoction for the palpitation due to fluid retention, Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction for the palpitation due to fire, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction for the palpitation due to blood stasis, and Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction for the palpitation due to cold, and Guizhi Gancao Decoction, Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Decoction, Huanglian Ejiao Decoction, Zhigancao Decoction, and Guipi Decoction for the palpitation due to the deficiency of Qi, blood, Yin, and Yang. Multiple formulas should be combined if the patient presents several TCM syndromes simultaneously. According to the principles of the correspondence between formula and syndrome and the treatment with consideration to both pathogenesis and pathology and both herbal nature and pharmacology, this study proposed an integrated treatment model of "pathogenesis-pathology-nature-pharmacology" to enhance the clinical efficacy of classic herbal formulas in the treatment of arrhythmia.

The Effectiveness Of Using Scrapbook Media To Improve Mufrodat Mastery Of Grade XI Of Al Hikmah Boarding School High School Batu

This study aims to determine the effective of the influence using of scrapbook learning media on mufrodat mastery of eleventh grade students at Al Hikmah Boarding School High School Batu. This type of research is experimental research using a quantitative descriptive approach, as well as pre- and post-testing as data collection techniques. The population of this study is all students of Al Hikmah Boarding School Batu High School for the 2022-2023 school year. Data analysis techniques used to test hypotheses using SPSS 25.0-assisted multiple sample test formulas. Based on the results of pair 1 and pair 2 obtained sig. (2-tailed) from 0.000 < 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are differences in the average results of student mastery mufrodat for pre and post experimental classes and control classes. Then based on the results of the average score obtained from the pre- and post-test experimental categories, namely 48.27-71.54 in the experimental category and 51.54-58.85 in the control category. Therefore, it was concluded that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected, which automatically shows that the using of scrapbook media in improving the mastery of the eleventh grade mufrodat of Al Hikmah Boarding School High School Batu is "effective".

Pengaruh Disiplin dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru SMA Swasta Se-Kecamatan Baturaja Timur

This study aims to identify and describe: 1). the effect of discipline on teacher performance; 2) the effect of work motivation on teacher performance, 3) the effect of discipline and work motivation on the performance of teachers in private high schools throughout East Baturaja District. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The population and sample in this study were 55 teachers in private high schools in East Baturaja District, with the sample technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using simple linear and multiple linear regression formulas using the SPSS (Statistical Product and Services Solution) program. The results of the study show that: 1) There is a significant influence of discipline on the performance of private high school teachers in East Baturaja District; 2) There is a significant influence of work motivation on the performance of private high school teachers in East Baturaja District; 3) There is a significant influence of discipline and work motivation on the performance of private high school teachers in East Baturaja District. This can be seen from the results of the F test which shows a significance value of 0.000 <0.005. The influence of discipline and work motivation together on teacher performance is 43.2%, the remaining 56.8% is influenced by other factors.

Dynamic modelling, simulation and theoretical performance analysis of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) abatement systems in the pharma industry

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) use is extremely widespread in the pharmaceutical industry, posing great risks, as potential organic gas releases are harmful to both environment and human health. Fixed-bed columns containing Activated Carbon (AC) or other adsorbents selectively remove VOCs from gas effluent streams. Nevertheless, adsorbing beds can be quickly and/or irregularly saturated, due to simultaneous and significant variations of flowrates and mixture compositions. This paper presents the development and implementation of a dynamic, non-isothermal adsorption model used for studying binary VOC mixture adsorption on industrial AC beds for a wide variety of structural and operating conditions. A scenario-based investigation of binary mixture behaviour examines (via multiple dynamic simulations, experimental corroboration and predictive formulas) the effect of key parameter changes on bed performance. Theoretical bed performance analysis (employing Glueckauf hodographs) has been employed to provide valuable insight into nonisothermal VOC capture bed operation, for both clean and used beds.

Contraction Velocity of the Elbow Flexors Assessed by Tensiomyography: A Comparison Between Formulas.

Mesquita, RNO, Latella, C, Ruas, CV, Nosaka, K, and Taylor, JL. Contraction velocity of the elbow flexors assessed by tensiomyography: A comparison between formulas. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1969-1977, 2023-Muscle contraction velocity ( Vc ) assessed by tensiomyography is a promising measure for athlete profiling. Multiple formulas are used to estimate Vc , but the most suitable method is yet to be established. Fifteen adults (2 female subjects) underwent tensiomyography assessment of biceps brachii muscle at 10, 45 and 90° of elbow flexion on 2 separate days. Vc was calculated using 6 formulas. Formulas 1 and 2 are measures of the early phase of the twitch; Formulas 3-5 are measures over a wider time-window, with Formula 5 normalizing Vc to maximal displacement ( D m); and we proposed Formula 6 as a measure of peak Vc . Test-retest reliability, the required minimum number of trials, proportional bias, and effects of joint angle were investigated. Higher reliability (coefficient of variation: 2.8-6.9%) was found for Formula 1 (0-2 mm of displacement) and Formula 5 (normalized 10-90% of D m). Overall, a minimum of 6-7 trials was required to obtain reliable estimates. For 10° only, significant positive proportional bias ( r = 0.563-0.670) was found for all formulas except Formula 5. Vc was faster ( p < 0.001) at shorter muscle lengths for all formulas except Formula 5 ( p = 0.06). Vc in the early phase of the twitch was more reliable when calculated using absolute displacement (Formula 1) than a relative threshold (Formula 2). Over a larger time-window, Formulas 3 and 4 were similarly reliable. Because they are derived from different components of the twitch and different parameters, the different formulas should not be used interchangeably. Additionally, more precise nomenclature is required to describe the information obtained from each formula.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infant feeding practices in the United States: Food insecurity, supply shortagesand deleteriousformula-feeding practices.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic increased food insecurity among UShouseholds, however, little is known about how infants, who rely primarily on human milk and/or infant formula, were impacted. We conducted an online survey with UScaregivers of infants under 2 yearsof age (N = 319) to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted breastfeeding, formula-feedingand household ability to obtain infant-feeding supplies and lactation support (68% mothers; 66% White; 8% living in poverty). We found that 31% of families who used infant formula indicated that they experienced various challenges in obtaining infant formula, citing the following top three reasons: the formula was sold out (20%), they had to travel to multiple stores (21%)or formula was too expensive (8%). In response, 33% of families who used formula reported resorting to deleterious formula-feeding practices such as diluting formula with extra water (11%) or cereal (10%), preparing smaller bottles (8%)or saving leftover mixed bottles for later (11%). Of the families who fed infants human milk, 53% reported feeding changes directly as a result of the pandemic, for example, 46% increased their provisioning of human milk due to perceived benefits for the infant's immune system (37%), ability to work remotely/stay home (31%), concerns about money (9%) or formula shortages (8%). Fifteen percentof families who fed human milk reported that they did not receive the lactation support they needed and 4.8% stopped breastfeeding. To protect infant food and nutrition security, our results underscore the need for policies to support breastfeeding and ensure equitable and reliable access to infant formula.

Stochastic schemes for the perturbation of the atmospheric boundary conditions in ocean general circulation models

Advancing the representation of uncertainties in ocean general circulation numerical models is required for several applications, ranging from data assimilation to climate monitoring and extended-range prediction systems. The atmospheric forcing represents one of the main uncertainty sources in numerical ocean models. Here, we formulate and revise different approaches to perturb the air-sea fluxes used within the atmospheric boundary conditions. In particular, perturbation of the fluxes is performed either through i) stochastic modulation of the air-sea transfer coefficients; ii) stochastic modulation of the air-sea flux tendencies; iii) coarse-graining of stochastic sub-grid computation of the fluxes; or iv) multiple bulk formulas. The schemes are implemented and tested in the NEMO4 ocean model, implemented at an eddy-permitting resolution on a domain covering the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. A series of 22-year 4-member ensemble experiments with different stochastic schemes are performed and analyzed for the period 2000-2021, and results are compared in terms of the ensemble mean and, when applicable, ensemble spread of the principal oceanic diagnostics. Results indicate that the schemes, in general, can significantly improve some verification skill scores (e.g. against drifter current speed, SST analyses, and hydrographic profiles) and, in some cases, enhance the mesoscale activity and weaken the large-scale circulation. The response, however, is different depending on the specific scheme, whose choice thus depends on the target application, as detailed in the paper. These findings foster the adoption of these schemes in both extended-range operational ocean forecasts and coupled long-range climate prediction systems, where the boundary conditions perturbations may contribute to performance increases.

On some questions for the q-integration operator

We use the q-Duhamel product to provide a Banach algebra structure to some closed subspaces of the Wiener disk- algebra $$W_{+}\left( \mathbb {D}\right) $$ of analytic functions on the unit disk $$\mathbb {D}$$ of the complex plane $$\mathbb {C.}$$ We study the q-integration operator on $$W_{+}\left( \mathbb {D}\right) ,$$ namely, we characterize invariant subspaces of this operator and describe its extended eigenvalues and extended eigenvectors. Moreover, we prove an addition formula for the spectral multiplicity of the direct sum of q-integration operator on $$W_{+}\left( \mathbb {D}\right) $$ and some Banach space operator.

Weight Multiplicities and Young Tableaux Through Affine Crystals

The weight multiplicities of finite dimensional simple Lie algebras can be computed individually using various methods. Still, it is hard to derive explicit closed formulas. Similarly, explicit closed formulas for the multiplicities of maximal weights of affine Kac–Moody algebras are not known in most cases. In this paper, we study weight multiplicities for both finite and affine cases of classical types for certain infinite families of highest weights modules. We introduce new classes of Young tableaux, called the ( ( spin ) ) rigid tableaux, and prove that they are equinumerous to the weight multiplicities of the highest weight modules under our consideration. These new classes of Young tableaux arise from crystal basis elements for dominant maximal weights of the integrable highest weight modules over affine Kac–Moody algebras. By applying combinatorics of tableaux such as the Robinson–Schensted algorithm and new insertion schemes, and using integrals over orthogonal groups, we reveal hidden structures in the sets of weight multiplicities and obtain explicit closed formulas for the weight multiplicities. In particular we show that some special families of weight multiplicities form the Pascal, Catalan, Motzkin, Riordan and Bessel triangles.

Analysis of Interaction between Interior and Exterior Wall Corrosion Defects

With the increase in oil and gas pipe mileage, various corrosion defects inevitably occur, so the mechanisms and the applicability of the interaction corrosion defects are investigated. The ANSYS Workbench software is used to study the three double defect pipe models based on the exterior wall, the interior wall, and the interior and exterior wall. First, the distribution of the stress nephogram is investigated. Second, the failure pressure is obtained through the load step based on the variety of the failure pressure. Finally, the critical distance formula of the different types of double defect pipe models is fitted using MATLAB software, and its applicability and accuracy are verified. The results show that the equivalent stress is divided into two areas; with increasing defect depth and defect length, the critical distance increases and the growth rate increases; by fitting the critical distance formula of the three double defect pipe models, the multiple function formula of defect depth and defect length under different defect location distribution is obtained, with high accuracy. The critical distance ratio is introduced to compare 150 sets of data of the 3 models for conservative calculation; the three models perform well in the critical distance ratio and the double defect pipe model based on the exterior wall is the most conservative.

Monovision in a case of bilateral high hyperopia by refractive lens exchange with customised foldable IOL

This case report describes about the feasibility of monovision in a case of bilateral high hyperopia for achieving spectacle independence following refractive lens exchange (RLE) A 19-year male presented with diminution of vision (DOV) since 15 years oculus uterque (OU). On examination, unaided distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/1000 in OU and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 20/125, N18 with a refraction of +12.25DS/+1.25DC (DS: Dioptre sphere, DC: Dioptre cylinder) @140 degrees in oculus dexter (OD) and +12.75DS/+1.50DC @25 degrees in oculus sinister (OS). Primary diagnosis was high hyperopia. Refractive lens exchange with a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) and monovision by targeting dominant OS to emmetropia and non-dominant OD to myopia of -2.00D was planned for the patient. The IOL power was calculated by multiple formulae and we decided to implant +46.0D in OD and +47.0D in OS calculated using personalized A-constant. At post-op day 15, no complications were noted, UDVA in OD was 20/250 and in OS was 20/200 and CDVA was 20/125 OU, uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) was N18 OU with a refraction of -2.00DS/-2.50DC @95 degrees in OD and +0.25DS/ -1.75DC @125 degrees in OS (Monovision) which was stable even at 6 months follow up RLE in high hyperopia requires meticulous planning and biometry to give good results. Monovision can be planned in such a case to deliver spectacle independence. It can thus be a valuable tool in the armament of refractive surgeon.

Hubungan Antara Koordinasi Mata-mata dan Kelentukan Togok Dengan Hasil Pukulan Clear pada Siswa Putra Ekstrakurikuler Bulutangkis di SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim

The problem in this study is whether there is a relationship between eye-hand coordination andstriking flexibility with the results of hitting clears on male badminton extracurricular students atSMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim? The purpose of this study was to find out how much the relationshipbetween eye-hand coordination and the flexibility of the kick with the results of clear shots in malebadminton extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim. The research method used wascorrelational. The population is 12 male students who take part in badminton extracurricularactivities at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim. Sampling used a total sampling technique, in which thesample used was the entire population of 12 male extracurricular badminton students at SMPNegeri 4 Muara Enim. The data collection technique in this study was an eye-hand coordination test by throwing the ball against the wall, striking flexibility through the sit and reach test and clear results through the smash test. The analysis technique uses the multiple correlation formula. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the correlation coefficient between eye-hand coordination (X1) and flexibility of the stick (X2) with the result of a clear shot (Y) is Ryx12 = 0.66. This value indicates a strong level of relationship based on the value of the r-valueinterpretation table because it is between 0.60-0.799. This shows that there is a significantrelationship between hand-eye coordination (X1) and torso flexibility (X2) with a clear result (Y).This proves the alternative hypothesis (Ha) that the authors propose, namely that there is asignificant positive relationship between hand-eye coordination (X1) and flexibility of the toe (X2)with the result of a clear hit (Y) in badminton extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 MuaraEnim is proven. correct and acceptable.

Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Dan Profesionalisme Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sma Se-Kecamatan Lengkiti

This study aims to identify and describe: 1). the effect of academic supervision on teacher performance;2) the effect of teacher professionalism on teacher performance, 3) the effect of academic supervision and teacher professionalism on the performance of high school teachers in Lengkiti District. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The population and sample in this study were 63 high school teachers in Lengkiti District, with the sample technique used was total sampling. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using simple linear and multiple linear regression formulas using the SPSS (Statistical Product and Services Solution) program. The results of the study show that: 1) There is a significant effect of academic supervision on the performance of high school teachers in Lengkiti District; 2) There is a significant influence of teacher professionalism on the performance of high school teachers in Lengkiti District; 3) There is a significant influence of academic supervision and teacher professionalism on the performance of high school teachers in Lengkiti District. This can be seen from the results of the F-test which shows a significance value of 0.000 &lt;0.005. The influence of academic supervision and teacher professionalism together on teacher performance is 78.6%, the remaining 21.4% is influenced by other factors.

GradDT: Gradient-Guided Despeckling Transformer for Industrial Imaging Sensors

The speckle noise is a granular disturbance that often brings negative side effects on the detection and recognition of targets of interest in industrial imaging sensors. From the statistical point of view, this type of noise can be modeled as a multiplicative formula. The nonlinear multiplicative property makes despeckling more intractable with respect to noise reduction and details preservation. To blindly remove the undesirable speckle noise, we combine the gradient model and machine learning technology for despeckling. In particular, we first introduce the logarithmic transformation to transform the multiplicative speckle noise into an additive version. A gradient-guided despeckling transformer (termed GradDT) is then proposed to blindly reduce the additive noise in the transformed noisy images. To be specific, the proposed method mainly includes two modules, i.e., the spatial feature extraction module (SFEM) and the efficient transformer module (ETM). The SFEM can extract the spatial feature of speckle noise and the gradient maps corresponding to the noise-free image. The ETM module can calculate the spatial domain's cross-channel cross-covariance and produce global attention maps to reconstruct the sharp image. The proposed GradDT thus can effectively distinguish the speckle noise and vital image features (e.g., edge and texture) to balance the degree of noise suppression and details preservation. Extensive experiments have been implemented on both synthetic and realistic degraded images. Compared with several state-of-the-art speckle noise reduction methods, our GradDT could generate superior imaging performance in terms of both quantitative evaluation and visual quality.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Kepatuhan Masyarakat Penerima Sertipikat Ptsl “Non PBB” Terhadap Pembayaran Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan Di Kelurahan Girian Indah

This research aims to analyzed the factors that affected the compliance behavior of the PTSL certificate recipients that have not who are not yet compliant in fulfilling their responsibility in paying property tax. This research was conducted in July till September 2022. The research method used in this research is Quantitative research. The results of the hypothesis by using the multiple regression linear formula showed that 1) The understanding regarding taxation does not significantly affected the compliance of PTSL certificate recipients in paying property tax in Girian Indah. Whether the people of Girian Indah understand about taxation does not causing meaningful impact for them to comply; 2) The awareness of paying taxes has a positive and significant impact to the PTSL certificate recipients compliance in paying property tax in Girian Indah. The higher the awareness of the taxpayer the higher the compliance of the people to pay their property tax; 3) Income has positive and significant effect to the compliance behavior of the PTSL certificate recipients in paying their property tax in Girian Indah. The higher the income of the taxpayer the higher the obedience of the people of Girian Indah to pay their property tax; 4) The quality of service has a positive and significant impact to the compliance behavior of the PTSL certificate recipients to pay their property tax in Girian Indah. The better the service provided by the tax officer, the higher the level of taxpayer compliance in paying property tax; 5) tax sanctions have a positive and significant effect on the compliance of PTSL certificate recipients in paying property tax in Girian Indah. The higher the tax sanctions given to taxpayers, the more obedient taxpayers will be in paying property tax.

The Correlation among Anxiety, Language Learning Strategies and Speaking Skills at SMA Negeri 1 Pagelaran Pringsewu Lampung

This study's research was to determine whether there was a significant correlation among students' anxiety, language learning strategies, and speaking skills at SMA Negeri 1 Pagelaran Pringsewu Lampung. This type of research is a quantitative study. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Pagelaran Pringsewu Lampung with a population of XI IPA 3 and XI IPA 4 graders with a total of 54 students. Then the population is divided into two classes: the tryout class and the test class as the research sample. The instrument used in this research is a questionnaire on anxiety, language learning strategies, and speaking test. The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Formula in SPSS 25.0 for windows. The result of T-test 1 showed that the significant value was 0.03. It indicated .000 smaller than the value of α = 0.05, whereas the calculated t value is greater than the table (2.303 &gt; 2064). The result of T test 2 showed that the significant value was 0.02, which is smaller than the value of α = 0.05 (0.02 &lt; 0.05), and the t value is greater than the t table (2.318 &gt; 2. 064). F test showed that the significant value was 0.000 which is smaller than the value of α = 0.05 (0.02 &lt; 0.05) and the F value is greater than F tables (16.729 &gt; 3.39). The result of the R square of coefficients determination was .582, which means the influence of anxiety and language learning strategies on speaking skills was 58.2%. Therefore, the hypothesis of all the results was Ho was rejected, and Ha was accepted. It means there is a correlation among students' anxiety, students' language learning strategies, and their speaking skills. Keywords: Correlation, Anxiety, Language Learning Strategies, Speaking Skills