Multiple Fact Research Articles

Ekora NTT Editorial Team's Strategy in Improving News Quality

This research explores the editorial strategies implemented by the editorial team of Ekora NTT, a local media in East Nusa Tenggara, in improving news quality in the digital era. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research analyses the news production process that involves multiple fact verifications, the use of supporting technology, and continuous training. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, internal document analysis, and direct observation. The findings show that these strategies significantly improve the accuracy and relevance of news despite challenges such as limited human resources and infrastructure. These results support previous literature, including studies by Hermida (2019) and Newman et al. (2022), which highlight the importance of synergy between technological innovation and capacity building of journalists in maintaining news quality. This research contributes to the development of mass communication theory and provides practical recommendations for other local media in addressing similar challenges. By adopting similar strategies, local media are expected to continue to act as a credible and relevant source of information for the public.

Gradient pyramid mechanism and Nelder-Mead simplex enhanced Colony Predation Algorithm for optimal power flow problems

The escalating human energy demand, particularly in the realm of electricity consumption, imposes a substantial burden on power system planning, resulting in the emergence of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem. To address this challenge, researchers have implemented a Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) in modern power systems to optimize network congestion. This paper presents a new application of the Colony Predation Algorithm (CPA) in the domain of Optimal Power Flow (OPF) through the introduction of an enhanced Colony Predation Algorithm (PNMCPA). PNMCPA incorporates the gradient pyramid mechanism and the Nelder-Mead simplex (NMs), marking the first utilization of CPA in the OPF field. The proposed approach presents a novel hierarchical gradient pyramid mechanism that combines the approximate gradient descent method with the construction of a pyramid fall rate, thereby optimizing the population as a whole within a framework that enhances population diversity. Additionally, the NMs algorithm is employed to optimize the optimal set of solutions for the population, thereby accelerating the convergence efficiency of the algorithm. The primary objective of this study is to optimize multiple factors, including the generation cost and transmission loss of the power system when multiple FACT components are present. Utilizing the Weibull probability density function, the model captures the uncertain and unstable nature of wind energy resources, encompassing direct, penalty, and standby costs. The proposed algorithm is applied to the IEEE30 bus test system, and the experimental results demonstrate that PNMCPA achieves a final optimization cost of 806.0132 $/h, surpassing other optimization algorithms. Concerning the power loss matter within the bus system, the PNMCPA algorithm significantly effectively mitigates total power loss, reducing from 1.44 MW to 1.41 MW instead of the initial CPA and substantially enhancing convergence speed. Empirical simulation outcomes clearly endorse PNMCPA as a highly efficient approach to tackling optimal power flow problems in the presence of multiple FACTS devices. The significant advancements presented in this paper mark a significant contribution to the field, offering a novel and superior solution to optimize power systems in the face of escalating energy demands.

A fluorescent assay for cryptic transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals novel insights into factors that stabilize chromatin structure on newly replicated DNA.

The disruption of chromatin structure can result in transcription initiation from cryptic promoters within gene bodies. While the passage of RNA polymerase II is a well-characterized chromatin-disrupting force, numerous factors, including histone chaperones, normally stabilize chromatin on transcribed genes, thereby repressing cryptic transcription. DNA replication, which employs a partially overlapping set of histone chaperones, is also inherently disruptive to chromatin, but a role for DNA replication in cryptic transcription has never been examined. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that, in the absence of chromatin-stabilizing factors, DNA replication can promote cryptic transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using a novel fluorescent reporter assay, we show that multiple factors, including Asf1, CAF-1, Rtt106, Spt6, and FACT, block transcription from a cryptic promoter, but are entirely or partially dispensable in G1-arrested cells, suggesting a requirement for DNA replication in chromatin disruption. Collectively, these results demonstrate that transcription fidelity is dependent on numerous factors that function to assemble chromatin on nascent DNA.

Economic flexible AC transmission system devices placement/sizing with (N-1) contingency using genetic algorithm

<span>The rise in demand for electricity and the high cost of constructing new power networks reckons optimal utilization of electric power overloading and excessive power transfer along transmission lines, high losses, voltage instability, poor power quality, reliability issues. Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) boosts the static and dynamic performance of power systems. Although efficient power transmission by improving power quality and voltage profile enhancement is controlled using the FACTS devices the placement, types, and sizing are important parameters to be optimized for the power system. This paper develops the economic multiple FACT placements and sizing solution during N-1 contingency conditions. Placement and sizing being the stochastic problem meta-heuristic algorithm genetic algorithm (GA) is used and applied on the standard IEEE 9 bus system. MATLAB-based simulation is developed for economic placement of multiple FACTS and single FACTS devices in different scenarios (without FACTS devices, with single FACTS devices, and with multiple FACTS devices). Both static VAR compensators (SVC) and thyristor-controlled series capacitors (TCSC) are used (either single or multiple) to optimize the transmission loss and total cost. The results show that transmission loss and cost reduction with 70% compensation is working better with about 0.1 MW lesser loss in many cases.</span>

敗血症患者の1年後転帰とpost–intensive care syndromeに関する複数回の実態調査：単施設前向き観察研究(Multiple fact–finding studies on post–intensive care syndrome and 1 year outcomes among patients with sepsis: a single–center prospective observational study)

要旨【目的】本邦では，敗血症患者のintensive care unit（ICU）退室後の転帰に関する報告は少なく，post–intensive care syndrome（PICS）について，退院後に複数回の評価を行った研究は過去にない。そこで，敗血症患者の1年後転帰と，The 36–item short–form version 2（SF36v2）を用いたPICSの実態を調査した。【対象】敗血症を対象とした前向き観察研究にて，ICU入室後1年間の死亡，死因を調査した。SF36v2は，入院時と6か月後，1年後に評価し，3回連続でデータを得た症例を解析した。PICSは，physical，mental，roleの3つのコンポーネントサマリーのいずれかが10点以上低下する場合とし，その発生率と障害の項数からPICS遷延を検討した。さらにPICSとnon–PICSの背景と治療を比較した。【結果】転帰調査対象90例の1年後死亡は28例，ICU退室後の死因は44%が再度の敗血症だった。SF36v2解析対象40例の1年後のPICS発生率は55%，PICSとnon–PICSの背景と治療に差はなかった。7例は6か月後に複数のPICS障害を認め，1年後もPICS遷延を認めた。【結語】複数のPICS障害の合併はPICS遷延に関連すると推察され，PICS障害にかかわる危険因子の抽出が今後重要であると考えられた。

The fork protection complex recruits FACT to reorganize nucleosomes during replication.

Chromosome replication depends on efficient removal of nucleosomes by accessory factors to ensure rapid access to genomic information. Here, we show this process requires recruitment of the nucleosome reorganization activity of the histone chaperone FACT. Using single-molecule FRET, we demonstrate that reorganization of nucleosomal DNA by FACT requires coordinated engagement by the middle and C-terminal domains of Spt16 and Pob3 but does not require the N-terminus of Spt16. Using structure-guided pulldowns, we demonstrate instead that the N-terminal region is critical for recruitment by the fork protection complex subunit Tof1. Using in vitro chromatin replication assays, we confirm the importance of these interactions for robust replication. Our findings support a mechanism in which nucleosomes are removed through the coordinated engagement of multiple FACT domains positioned at the replication fork by the fork protection complex.

Researching Fact Checking: Present Limitations and Future Opportunities

AbstractThe fact checking field has grown tremendously in the past decade, as has academic interest in the practice, with dozens of studies testing the effectiveness of corrections. However, research on fact checking is not yet optimised to help fact checkers address the global challenges of mis‐ and disinformation. In this paper, we review the literature on fact checking’s effects and identify two key gaps. First, we discuss the limited diversity and external validity of existing studies, which have overwhelmingly been conducted in Western countries and under artificial, experimental conditions. Second, we argue that research has narrowly focussed on the short‐term, corrective effects of individual fact checks, largely ignoring the multiple ways fact checkers conceive of their impact. Thus, research has overlooked the cultural and systemic changes that fact checkers pursue. We conclude by highlighting opportunities for further research and for improving communication between academics and fact checkers.

Bitwise dimensional co-clustering for analytical workloads

Analytical workloads in data warehouses often include heavy joins where queries involve multiple fact tables in addition to the typical star-patterns, dimensional grouping and selections. In this paper we propose a new processing and storage framework called bitwise dimensional co-clustering (BDCC) that avoids replication and thus keeps updates fast, yet is able to accelerate all these foreign key joins, efficiently support grouping and pushes down most dimensional selections. The core idea of BDCC is to cluster each table on a mix of dimensions, each possibly derived from attributes imported over an incoming foreign key and this way creating foreign key connected tables with partially shared clusterings. These are later used to accelerate any join between two tables that have some dimension in common and additionally permit to push down and propagate selections (reduce I/O) and accelerate aggregation and ordering operations. Besides the general framework, we describe an algorithm to derive such a physical co-clustering database automatically and describe query processing and query optimization techniques that can easily be fitted into existing relational engines. We present an experimental evaluation on the TPC-H benchmark in the Vectorwise system, showing that co-clustering can significantly enhance its already high performance and at the same time significantly reduce the memory consumption of the system.

Of snowstorms and bushy trees

Many workloads for analytical processing in commercial RDBMSs are dominated by snowstorm queries, which are characterized by references to multiple large fact tables and their associated smaller dimension tables. This paper describes a technique for bushy join tree optimization for snowstorm queries in Oracle database system. This technique generates bushy join trees containing subtrees that produce substantially reduced sets of rows and, therefore, their joins with other subtrees are generally much more efficient than joins in the left-deep trees. The generation of bushy join trees within an existing commercial physical optimizer requires extensive changes to the optimizer. Further, the optimizer will have to consider a large join permutation search space to generate efficient bushy join trees. The novelty of the approach is that bushy join trees can be generated outside the physical optimizer using logical query transformation that explores a considerably pruned search space. The paper describes an algorithm for generating optimal bushy join trees for snowstorm queries using an existing query transformation framework. It also presents performance results for this optimization, which show significant execution time improvements.

An Improved IPP Planning Algorithm and the Application

Most of planners can’t avoid state combinatorial explosion which is a main problem to planning failure. To solve it, the paper brings forward the arithmetic of goal decomposition and initial decompositioin to partition the fact file for planner, thereby to reduce number of combinated states. But then, for the planners in being can’t deal with the multiple fact files, to settle which, withal, the paper introduces the arithmetic of multi-fact file management. The application for three arithmetics is on IPP possessing preferable performance. The modified planner is called MF-IPP which is able to handle multiple fact files for avoiding the combinatorial explosion. At last, we compared the performance of the two planners, and the result showed that MF-IPP can avoid the combinatorial explosion well, and the test case covering rate is meseasued by two novel rules.

Multiversion join index for multiversion data warehouse

The data warehouse (DW) technology is developed in order to support the integration of external data sources (EDSs) for the purpose of advanced data analysis by On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) applications. Since contents and structures of integrated EDSs may evolve in time, the content and schema of a DW must evolve too in order to correctly reflect the evolution of EDSs. In order to manage a DW evolution, we developed the multiversion data warehouse (MVDW) approach. In this approach, different states of a DW are represented by the sequence of persistent DW versions that correspond either to the real world state or to a simulation scenario. Typically, OLAP applications execute star queries that join multiple fact and dimension tables. An important optimization technique for this kind of queries is based on join indexes. Since in the MVDW fact and dimension data are physically distributed among multiple DW versions, standard join indexes need extensions. In this paper we present the concept of a multiversion join index (MVJI) applicable to indexing dimension and fact tables in the MVDW. The MVJI has a two-level structure, where an upper level is used for indexing attributes and a lower level is used for indexing DW versions. The paper also presents the theoretical upper bound (pessimistic) analysis of the MVJI performance characteristic with respect to I/O operations. The analysis is followed by experimental evaluation. It shows that the MVJI increases a system performance for queries addressing multiple DW versions with exact match and range predicates.

PITSLRE p110 Protein Kinases Associate with Transcription Complexes and Affect Their Activity

Although the PITSLRE protein kinases are members of the cyclin-dependent kinase superfamily, their cellular function is unclear. Previously we demonstrated that the general RNA splicing factor RNPS1 is a specific PITSLRE p110 kinase interactor in vivo. This suggests that the PITSLRE family of protein kinases is involved in some aspect of RNA processing or transcription. Here we identify multiple transcriptional elongation factors, including ELL2, TFIIF(1), TFIIS, and FACT, as PITSLRE kinase-associated proteins. We demonstrate that PITSLRE p110 protein kinases co-immunoprecipitate and/or co-purify with these elongation factors as well as with RNA polymerase II. Antibody-mediated inhibition of PITSLRE kinase specifically suppressed RNA polymerase II-dependent in vitro transcription initiated at a GC-rich (adenosine deaminase) or TATA box-dependent (Ad2ML) promoter, and this suppression was rescued by readdition of purified PITSLRE p110 kinase. Together, these data strongly suggest that PITSLRE protein kinases participate in a signaling pathway that potentially regulates or links transcription and RNA processing events.