Standard first-line chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer consists of paclitaxel and carboplatin, given mainly in an outpatient setting in the USA and Europe, with interim clinic visits and blood tests. One serious potential complication of chemotherapy is febrile neutropenia as amanifestation of underlying infection. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility of outpatient management and risk assessment of febrile neutropenia by telephone interactions instead of clinic visits or blood tests. Among 73 patients who underwent primary surgery for ovarian cancer at the National Cancer Center Hospital from 2005 to 2006, 38 were treated with paclitaxel (175–180 mg/m) and carboplatin (AUC5-6). Chemotherapy was administered intravenously every 21 days for up to 6 cycles. Adverse events occurring during therapy and up to 21 days after the last administration were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCA), version 3. Hematological and biochemical parameters were measured on day 1. Patients were educated regarding risk of fever prior to the first dose. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) neutropenic guidelines were followed for fever assessment and treatment [1]. Upon development of fever, a medical oncologist conducted a home telephone interview with the patient and assessed them using a scoring index from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) used to stratify febrile neutropenia patients into risk categories [2]. The MASCC risk index includes burden of illness, blood pressure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, solid tumor