Multimedia Sites Research Articles

The Use of Multimedia in Newspapers: A Study on the Websites of Emirati Newspapers

The competition faced by journalistic websites has imposed the necessity of taking advantage of the capabilities offered by the Internet so that it can provide more distinguished journalistic services, to attract the largest number of users, as the strength of a newspaper website is measured by the number of people browsing it on the one hand, and the period that the user spends on it, The research problem is to monitor the use of multimedia websites of Emirati newspapers (Al-Ittihad, Al-Bayan, Al-Khaleej).The study aimed to determine the extent to which Emirati newspapers use multimedia in their websites during the study period (January - March 2023), and the key elements they used to present and publish their news to the audience. This study used the descriptive analytical approach for 14 issues of each newspaper on their websites, and several results were obtained, the most important of which are: The newspapers sampled for the study relied mainly on pictures, using them in 1272 out of 1632 media, with a percentage of 77.9%. The use of audio clips ranked second, with 218 clips out of 1632 media and a percentage of 13.3%. Al-Khaleej newspaper ranked first with 212 clips out of the total clips used, with a large margin of 97.25%, as it distinguished itself by using audio clips in every news story and alongside every video as an additional feature. Al-Ittihad newspaper only used 6 audio blogs, with a percentage of 2.75% out of 218 clips, followed by videos in third place with 100 videos out of the total media used, with a percentage of 6.1%. Infographics came in fourth place in terms of using multimedia, with 42 infographics, accounting for 2.7% of the total multimedia used.

PEMO: A New Validated Dataset for Punjabi Speech Emotion Detection

This research work presents a new valid dataset for Punjabi called the Punjabi Emotional Speech Database (PEMO) which has been developed to assess the ability to recognize emotions in speech by both computers and humans. The PEMO includes speech samples from about 60 speakers with an age range between 20 and 45 years, for four fundamental emotions, including anger, sad, happy and neutral. In order to create the data, Punjabi films are retrieved from different multimedia websites such as YouTube. The movies are processed and transformed into utterances with software called PRAAT. The database contains 22,000 natural utterances. This is equivalent to 12 hours and 35 min of speech information taken from online Punjabi movies and web series. Three annotators categorize the emotional content of the utterances. The common label that is labelled by all annotators becomes the final label for the utterance. The annotators have a thorough knowledge of Punjabi Language. The data is used to determine the expression of emotions in speech in the Punjabi Language.

Engaging children, young people, parents and health professionals in interviews: Using an interactive ranking exercise within the co-design of multimedia websites.

When planning paediatric trials, it is important to consider how best to communicate with children and young people (CYP) so they understand what they are taking part in. It is also important to consider what information they need. Involving CYP as research participants leads to research that is more relevant although it can be difficult to engage CYP in qualitative research to improve trial materials due to the topic area. This paper describes how a visual ranking exercise within qualitative interviews acted as a helpful conduit to engaging discussions to inform a co-designed website with information for trial participants. 40 people participated in interviews during which the ranking exercise was used (11 CYP aged 9-18years, 14 parents, 15 professionals). We found the ranking exercise supported participant engagement and prevented them feeling that particular responses were expected. It also enabled participants to discuss their ranking (and decisions behind this) with other participants and the researcher. Co-design interviews with CYP that use interactive exercises such as ranking are likely to elicit richer data than those relying on traditional questioning techniques.

Evaluating the use of multimedia information when recruiting adolescents to orthodontics research: A randomised controlled trial.

Objective:To compare two methods of providing information about the Bone Anchored Maxillary Protraction (BAMP) trial: standard printed information and multimedia websites, for their quality and ease of understanding, and impact on decision-making.Design:Randomised controlled trial.Setting:Orthodontic outpatient clinic in the UK.Methods:Participants were 109 adolescents (aged 11–14 years) attending for orthodontic treatment. While awaiting treatment they were asked to imagine being recruited to the BAMP clinical trial. They were individually randomised to receive the printed or the multimedia website information (comprising text, animations and ‘talking head’ videos). After reading or viewing the information, they completed a 9-item Likert scale Decision-Making Questionnaire (DMQ) (score range 0–36) plus three free-text questions on their evaluation of the information.Results:A total of 104 participants completed the questionnaire. Mean total DMQ scores were higher (more positive) in the website group (28.1 vs. 27.0), although the difference was small and not statistically significant (P = 0.20). Analysis of individual questionnaire items showed two statistically significant differences: the website information had higher ratings on ‘easy to understand’ (Z = 3.03; P = 0.003) and ‘confidence in decision-making’ (Z = 2.00; P = 0.044). On the three free-text questions, more positive and fewer negative comments were made about the websites than the printed information.Conclusion:In this hypothetical trial setting, adolescent patients found that trial information conveyed on a multimedia website was easier to understand and made them more confident in their decision about trial participation. Their subjective evaluations of the website were also more positive and less negative than about the printed information. Multimedia information has the potential to increase the quality of engagement and information exchange when seeking consent for research.

YouTube Keyword Search Engine Using Speech Recognition

Visual media is a better way to deliver the information than the old way of "reading". For that reason with the wide propagation of multimedia websites, there are large video library’s archives, which came to be a main resource for humans. This research puts its eyes on the existing development in applying classical phrase search methods to a linked vocal transcript and after that it retrieves the video, this an easier way to search any visual media. This system has been implemented using JSP and Java language for searching the speech in the videos

Supporting children and young people when making decisions about joining clinical trials: qualitative study to inform multimedia website development

ObjectivesTo understand stakeholders’ views regarding the content and design of paediatric clinical trial multimedia websites. To describe how this knowledge informed the development of the multimedia websites.DesignQualitative study comprising two...

Ensemble application of ELM and GPU for real-time multimodal sentiment analysis

The enormous number of videos posted everyday on multimedia websites such as Facebook and YouTube makes the Internet an infinite source of information. Collecting and processing such information, however, is a very challenging task as it involves dealing with a huge amount of information that is changing at a very high speed. To this end, we leverage on the processing speed of extreme learning machine and graphics processing unit to overcome the limitations of standard learning algorithms and central processing unit (CPU) and, hence, perform real-time multimodal sentiment analysis, i.e., harvesting sentiments from web videos by taking into account audio, visual and textual modalities as sources of the information. For the sentiment classification, we leveraged on sentic memes, i.e., basic units of sentiment whose combination can potentially describe the full range of emotional experiences that are rooted in any of us, including different degrees of polarity. We used both feature and decision level fusion methods to fuse the information extracted from the different modalities. Using the sentiment annotated dataset generated from YouTube video reviews, our proposed multimodal system is shown to achieve an accuracy of 78%. In term of processing speed, our method shows improvements of several orders of magnitude for feature extraction compared to CPU-based counterparts.

Multimodal Analysis and Prediction of Persuasiveness in Online Social Multimedia

Our lives are heavily influenced by persuasive communication, and it is essential in almost any type of social interaction from business negotiation to conversation with our friends and family. With the rapid growth of social multimedia websites, it is becoming ever more important and useful to understand persuasiveness in the context of social multimedia content online. In this article, we introduce a newly created multimedia corpus of 1,000 movie review videos with subjective annotations of persuasiveness and related high-level characteristics or attributes (e.g., confidence). This dataset will be made freely available to the research community. We designed our experiments around the following five main research hypotheses. First, we study if computational descriptors derived from verbal and nonverbal behavior can be predictive of persuasiveness. We further explore combining descriptors from multiple communication modalities (acoustic, verbal, para-verbal, and visual) for predicting persuasiveness and compare with using a single modality alone. Second, we investigate how certain high-level attributes, such as credibility or expertise, are related to persuasiveness and how the information can be used in modeling and predicting persuasiveness. Third, we investigate differences when speakers are expressing a positive or negative opinion and if the opinion polarity has any influence in the persuasiveness prediction. Fourth, we further study if gender has any influence in the prediction performance. Last, we test if it is possible to make comparable predictions of persuasiveness by only looking at thin slices (i.e., shorter time windows) of a speaker's behavior.

Concept indexing and expansion for social multimedia websites based on semantic processing and graph analysis

ABSTRACTThis study presents a human-centric technique for social video expansion based on semantic processing and graph analysis. The objective is to increase metadata of an online video and to explore related information, thereby facilitating user browsing activities. To analyze the semantic meaning of a video, shots and scenes are firstly extracted from the video on the server side. Subsequently, this study uses annotations along with ConceptNet to establish the underlying framework. Detailed metadata, including visual objects and audio events among the predefined categories, are indexed by using the proposed method. Furthermore, relevant online media associated with each category are also analyzed to enrich the existing content. With the above-mentioned information, users can easily browse and search the content according to the link analysis and its complementary knowledge. Experiments on a video dataset are conducted for evaluation. The results show that our system can achieve satisfactory performance, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed idea.

G56(P) How to Construct Hi-Fidelity Online Medical Device Simulators

ObjectivesI set out to investigate how the workings of a complex medical device could be visually represented and documented on paper, and then be translated into computer code to produce...

Analysis of privacy vulnerabilities in single sign-on mechanisms for multimedia websites

This paper studies the privacy risks for the users of two popular single sign-on platforms for web-based content access: OpenID and Facebook Connect. In particular we describe in detail a privacy vulnerability of the OpenID Authentication Protocol that leads to the exposure of the OpenID user identifier to third parties. We illustrate how OpenID agents leak the (potentially unique) OpenID identifiers of their users to third parties, like advertisement and traffic analysis corporations. This vulnerability is a real and widespread privacy risk for OpenID users. This paper also analyzes the privacy of Facebook Connect --the proprietary single sign-on platform that is gaining a lot of popularity recently-- and, we conclude that it is not affected by the same vulnerability but other important privacy issues remain. Finally, this paper studies the solution space of these problems and defines a number of possible countermeasures. In the case of the OpenID vulnerability, we propose three solutions to this problem: one for the long term to avoid the root cause of the vulnerability, and another two short-term mitigations.

Improved Ordinary Measure and Image Entropy Theory based intelligent Copy Detection Method

Nowadays, more and more multimedia websites appear in social network. It brings some security problems, such as privacy, piracy, disclosure of sensitive contents and so on. Aiming at copyright protection, the copy detection technology of multimedia contents becomes a hot topic. In our previous work, a new computer-based copyright control system used to detect the media has been proposed. Based on this system, this paper proposes an improved media feature matching measure and an entropy based copy detection method. The Levenshtein Distance was used to enhance the matching degree when using for feature matching measure in copy detection. For entropy based copy detection, we make a fusion of the two features of entropy matrix of the entropy feature we extracted. Firstly, we extract the entropy matrix of the image and normalize it. Then, we make a fusion of the eigenvalue feature and the transfer matrix feature of the entropy matrix. The fused features will be used for image copy detection. The experiments sh...

Adapting Content Delivery to Limited Resources and Inferred User Interest

This paper discusses adaptation policies for information systems that are subject to dynamic and stochastic contexts such as mobile access to multimedia web sites. In our approach, adaptation agents apply sequential decisional policies under uncertainty. We focus on the modeling of such decisional processes depending on whether the context is fully or partially observable. Our case study is a movie browsing service in a mobile environment that we model by using Markov decision processes (MDPs) and partially observable MDP (POMDP). We derive adaptation policies for this service, that take into account the limited resources such as the network bandwidth. We further refine these policies according to the partially observable users' interest level estimated from implicit feedback. Our theoretical models are validated through numerous simulations.

Indigenous innovators: the role of web marketing for cultural micro‐enterprises

Abstract The Indigenous cultural sector is a dynamic and highly valuable to the Australian economy, returning an estimated $100 million annually. The majority of Indigenous cultural producers are micro‐enterprises—businesses consisting of fewer than five employees. Many of these struggle to market their products, some from extremely remote and isolated locations; others with few resources in urban areas. This paper initially approaches a conceptual orientation to Web marketing as a potential signifier of innovation and entrepreneurship. The paper draws on previous literature and a current exploratory study of Indigenous Cultural Micro‐Enterprises (ICMEs), focussing on two case studies for deeper analysis. The two exemplary cases outlined are Maningrida Arts Centre, and the performing arts organisation Kooemba Jdarra. Specifically, their innovative use of recent technology (multimedia websites) will be assessed to answer the question: What are the attributes of effective ICME Web marketing? Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Testing the Effectiveness of Interactive Multimedia for Library-User Education

A test of the effectiveness of interactive multimedia Web sites demonstrates that library users' topic knowledge was significantly greater after visiting the sites than before. Library users want more such sites about library services, their majors, and campus life generally. Librarians describe the roles they want to play on multimedia production teams after working on the LUMENS Project.

Dynamic traffic controls for Web-server networks

Distributed Web-server systems have been widely used to provide effective Internet services. The management of these systems requires dynamic controls of the Web traffic. With the development of multimedia Web sites and increasingly diversified services, the existing load balancing approaches can no longer satisfy the requirements of either the service providers or the users. In this paper, a new reward-based control mechanism is proposed that can satisfy the dynamic content-based control requirement while avoiding congestion at the dispatcher. The core of the control algorithm is based on an MDP model. To minimize the system overhead, a centralized dispatching with decentralized admission (CDDA) approach is used to distribute the control related computation to each server pool. This cuts down the dimensions of the problem dramatically. We also propose a state-block scheme to further reduce the state space so that the algorithm becomes computationally feasible for on-line implementation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed state-block approach can not only reduce the computation time dramatically but also provide a good approximation of power-tailed request interarrival times common for Internet traffic. Finally, an implementation plan with system design is also proposed.

New Media

The Internet has served as an important conduit of diverse news and activism during both the US-led wars against Iraq, in 1991 and again in 2003. In 1991, the Internet was largely a tool for academics in the West, defence researchers in the US and international NGOs; content was largely in plain text format on e-mail discussion lists and Usenet newsgroups. In 2003, the full glory of global Internet communications via multimedia websites, e-mail news feeds, blogs and online fundraising was joined by a plethora of wireless technologies ranging from SMS news alerts to user-submitted photographs of anti-war rallies. This article raises some key criticism of mainstream US coverage of the US-led wars against Iraq; illustrates the wide spectrum of resources that the Internet offers for critical thinkers, communication scholars, concerned citizens and progressive activists; and highlights the crucial role that the Internet and convergent wireless media can play as the “second superpower” of global public opinion.