Multifunctional Platform Research Articles

Photothermally responsive graphene hybrid dry powders for diabetic wound healing

The treatment of diabetic wounds remains a significant challenge in the medical field. In this study, we present a novel approach using photothermally responsive graphene hybrid dry powders for the treatment of diabetic wounds. These powders, derived from polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), exhibit rapid water absorption at the interface, leading to the in situ formation of physically crosslinked hydrogels due to interactions between polymers. Furthermore, by incorporating graphene into the PAA/PEI powder mixture, we establish a multifunctional platform with capabilities such as photothermal antibacterial effects and drug release. Given the outstanding performance of this hybrid material, we demonstrate its potential in wound healing by incorporating the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor Etanercept into the PAA/PEI powder. This intervention resulted in a significant improvement in the wound healing process in diabetic rats, as evidenced by the downregulation of inflammatory factors, promotion of collagen deposition, and enhanced vascularization. These remarkable attributes underscore the enormous potential value of the presented hydrogel patches in the field of biomedicine.

Optically printed plasmonic fiber tip-assisted SERS-based chemical sensing and single biological cell studies

BackgroundPrecise localized printing of plasmonic nanoparticles at desired locations can find a plethora of applications in diverse areas, including nanophotonics, nanomedicine, and microelectronics. The focused laser beam-assisted optical printing technique has illustrated its potential for the localized printing of differently shaped plasmonic particles. However, the technique is either time-consuming or often requires focused optical radiation, limiting its practical applications. While the optothermal printing technique has recently emerged as a promising technique for the direct and rapid printing of plasmonic nanoparticles onto transparent substrates at lower laser intensities, its potential to print the plasmonic nanoparticles to the core of the optical fiber platforms and utilize it for biological cell trapping as well as an analytical platform remains unexplored. ResultsHerein, we demonstrate the thermal-convection-assisted printing of the Ag plasmonic nanoparticles from the plasmonic colloidal solution onto the core of single-mode optical fiber and its multi-functional applications. The direct printing of plasmonic structure on the fiber core via the thermal-convection mechanism is devoid of the requirement of any additional chemical ligand to the fiber core. Further, we demonstrated the potential of the developed plasmonic fiber probe as a multifunctional surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) platform for sensing, chemical reaction monitoring, and single-cell studies. The developed SERS fiber probe is found to detect crystal violet in an aqueous solution as low as 100 pM, with a plasmonic enhancement of 107. Additionally, the capability of the fiber-tip platform to monitor the surface plasmon-driven chemical reaction of 4-nitrothiophenol (4NTP) dimerizing into p, p’-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) is demonstrated. Further, the versatility of the fiber probe as an effective platform for opto-thermophoretic trapping of single biological cells such as yeast, along with its Raman spectroscopic studies, is also shown here. SignificanceIn this study, we illustrate for the first time the optothermal direct printing of plasmonic nanoparticles onto the core of a single-mode fiber. Further, the study demonstrates that such plasmonic nanoparticle printed fiber tip can act as a multi-functional analytical platform for optothermally trap biological particles as well as monitoring plasmon-driven chemical reactions. In addition, the plasmonic fiber tip can be used as a cost-effective SERS analytical platform and is thus expected to find applications in diverse areas.

Tailored therapies: Exploring macromolecule based delivery science for personalized medicine

The advent of personalized medicine has revolutionized healthcare, transitioning from a one-size-fits-all model to tailored therapies that address the unique genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors of individual patients. Central to this shift is the field of macromolecule-based delivery science which involves the use of biologically derived or synthetically engineered macromolecules, like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules have shown immense potential in improving the specificity, efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions, paving the way for more precise and effective treatments. Macromolecule-based delivery systems are designed to overcome the limitations of traditional small-molecule drugs, such as poor solubility, rapid degradation, nonspecific distribution and potential toxicity. Unlike small molecules, macromolecules can be engineered for high specificity toward target cells or tissues, reducing off-target effects and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. The ability to modify and functionalize these macromolecules with various chemical and biological entities allows for the development of multifunctional delivery platforms capable of addressing complex pathophysiological conditions. These systems have been instrumental in targeting specific antigens on cancer cells, leading to highly effective therapies with reduced systemic toxicity. In addition, RNA-based therapies offer innovative solutions for gene silencing and protein replacement, providing hope for patients with previously untreatable genetic disorders.

Copper peroxide loaded gelatin/oxide dextran hydrogel with temperature and pH responsiveness for antibacterial and wound healing activity

Bacterial infection and tissue hypoxia always prevent wound healing, so multifunctional platforms with antimicrobial and oxygen-supplying functions were developed. However, they face many difficulties such as complex preparation and low oxygen release. To address this challenge, a copper peroxide loaded gelatin/oxide dextran hydrogel (CGO) was prepared. Surprisingly, CGO hydrogel as a wound dressing not only had good biocompatibility, injectivity, and mechanical properties, but also exhibited mild photothermal properties, temperature responsiveness, and pH responsiveness. After being applied to wounds infected with bacteria, CGO hydrogel released copper peroxide under near-infrared laser irradiation, which produced copper ions and hydrogen peroxide, combined with PTT to kill bacteria. After the bacteria were cleared from the wound and the pH of the wound was changed to be acidic, CGO hydrogel released copper peroxide via pH response. Copper ions and oxygen produced from copper peroxide accelerated wound healing by promoting angiogenesis. The multi-responsive and multi-mode treatment platform provided a potential strategy for treating bacteria-infected wounds.

Impact of B-site cations of MgX2O4 (X=Cr, Fe, Mn) spinels on the chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene

Chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) provides a multifunctional conversion platform that can take advantage of the selective oxidation of lattice oxygen in oxygen carrier to achieve high-valued ethane to ethylene conversion. In this study, we explored the effect of B-site element in MgX2O4 (X=Cr, Fe, or Mn) spinel-type oxygen carriers on the performance of ethane CL-ODH. The properties test and characterization of MgX2O4 spinel were tested by fixed bed and H2-TPR, O2-TPD, TG, in-situ Raman, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that because MgCr2O4 only released a small amount of adsorbed surface oxygen, it tended to catalyze the conversion of ethane to coke and hydrogen. MgFe2O4 facilitated the deep oxidation of ethane into CO2 by providing more surface lattice oxygen. Meanwhile, since a significant amount of bulk lattice oxygen was released by the MgMn2O4 oxygen carrier, it could burn hydrogen in a targeted manner to advance the reaction and increased ethylene’s selectivity. Thereby, MgMn2O4 achieved an ethane conversion of 73.72% with an ethylene selectivity of 81.46%. Furthermore, the MgMn2O4 catalyst demonstrated stable reactivity and an ethylene yield of about 62.00% in ethane CL-ODH over the 30 redox cycles. The screening tests indicated that the B-site elements in MgX2O4 spinel oxides could significantly influence their ability to supply lattice oxygen, thereby affecting their performance in ethane CL-ODH reaction.

Ultracompact and multifunctional integrated photonic platform.

Realizing a multifunctional integrated photonic platform is one of the goals for future optical information processing, which usually requires large size to realize due to multiple integration challenges. Here, we realize a multifunctional integrated photonic platform with ultracompact footprint based on inverse design. The photonic platform is compact with 86 inverse designed-fixed couplers and 91 phase shifters. The footprint of each coupler is 4 μm by 2 μm, while the whole photonic platform is 3 mm by 0.2 mm-one order of magnitude smaller than previous designs. One-dimensional Floquet Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and Aubry-André-Harper model are performed with measured fidelities of 97.90 (±0.52) % and 99.34 (±0.44) %, respectively. We also demonstrate a handwritten digits classification task with the test accuracy of 87% using on-chip training. Moreover, the scalability of this platform has been proved by demonstrating more complex computing tasks. This work provides an effective method to realize an ultrasmall integrated photonic platform.

Biohybrid Nanorobots Carrying Glycoengineered Extracellular Vesicles Promote Diabetic Wound Repair through Dual-Enhanced Cell and Tissue Penetration.

Considerable progress has been made in the development of drug delivery systems for diabetic wounds. However, underlying drawbacks, such as low delivery efficiency and poor tissue permeability, have rarely been addressed. In this study, a multifunctional biohybrid nanorobot platform comprising an artificial unit and several biological components is constructed. The artificial unit is a magnetically driven nanorobot surface modified with antibacterial 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, which enables the entire platform to move and has excellent tissue penetration capacity. The biological components are two-step engineered extracellular vesicles that are first loaded with mangiferin, a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant properties, and then glycoengineered on the surface to enhance cellular uptake efficiency. As expected, the platform is more easily absorbed by endothelial cells and fibroblasts and exhibits outstanding dermal penetration performance and antioxidant properties. Encouraging results are also observed in infected diabetic wound models, showing improved wound re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and accelerated wound healing. Collectively, a biohybrid nanorobot platform that possesses the functionalities of both artificial units and biological components serves as an efficient delivery system to promote diabetic wound repair through dual-enhanced cell and tissue penetration and multistep interventions.

Macrophage Membrane-Encapsulated Dopamine-Modified Poly Cyclodextrin Multifunctional Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Atherosclerosis Therapy.

Atherosclerotic plaques exhibit high cholesterol deposition and oxidative stress resulting from high reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are the major components in plaques and the main pro-inflammatory factor. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective therapeutic strategy that can simultaneously address the multiple pro-inflammatory factors via removing cholesterol and inhibiting the overaccumulated ROS. In this study, we constructed macrophage membrane-encapsulated biomimetic nanoparticles (MM@DA-pCD@MTX), which not only alleviate cholesterol deposition at the plaque lesion via reverse cholesterol transport but also scavenge the overaccumulated ROS. β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and the loaded methotrexate (MTX) act synergistically to induce cholesterol efflux for inhibiting the formation of foam cells. Among them, MTX up-regulated the expression of ABCA1, CYP27A1, and SR-B1. β-CD increased the solubility of cholesterol crystals. In addition, the ROS scavenging property of dopamine (DA) was perfectly preserved in MM@DA-pCD@MTX, which could scavenge the overaccumulated ROS to alleviate the oxidative stress at the plaque lesion. Last but not least, MM-functionalized "homing" targeting of atherosclerotic plaques not only enables the targeted drug delivery but also prolongs in vivo circulation time and drug half-life. In summary, MM@DA-pCD@MTX emerges as a potent, multifunctional therapeutic platform for AS treatment, offering a high degree of biosafety and efficacy in addressing the complex pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and its Downstream Chemicals: A Review of Catalytic Routes.

Biomass assumes an increasingly vital role in the realm of renewable energy and sustainable development due to its abundant availability, renewability, and minimal environmental impact. Within this context, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), derived from sugar dehydration, stands out as a critical bio-derived product. It serves as a pivotal multifunctional platform compound, integral in synthesizing various vital chemicals, including furan-based polymers, fine chemicals, and biofuels. The high reactivity of HMF, attributed to its highly active aldehyde, hydroxyl, and furan ring, underscores the challenge of selectively regulating its conversion to obtain the desired products. This review highlights the research progress on efficient catalytic systems for HMF synthesis, oxidation, reduction, and etherification. Additionally, it outlines the techno-economic analysis (TEA) and prospective research directions for the production of furan-based chemicals. Despite significant progress in catalysis research, and certain process routes demonstrating substantial economics, with key indicators surpassing petroleum-based products, a gap persists between fundamental research and large-scale industrialization. This is due to the lack of comprehensive engineering research on bio-based chemicals, making the commercialization process a distant goal. These findings provide valuable insights for further development of this field.

A multi-functional 3D-printable gel-in-gel system for the delivery of probiotics to the intestine

Bacterial encapsulation has been successfully utilized to either protect probiotics from the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment or to provide them with mucoadhesive properties, thereby enhancing their health benefits. However, it is challenging to balance multiple functions within one system, especially when facing the spatially changing environment of the GI tract. Here, we develop a gel-in-gel system with self-adjusting properties for the delivery of probiotics to the intestine. By employing a simple mixing step, mucoadhesive, probiotic-laden microgels are embedded into a protective ‘macro-gel’, i.e., a gelatin matrix enriched with CaCO3 crystals. This macrogel provides high bacterial survival rates in acidic environments while ensuring a temperature-responsive liberation of the microgels as they travel to the intestine. In vitro and ex vivo experiments demonstrate the high mucoadhesion and stability of the microgels as required for prolonged intestinal retention. The gel-in-gel system not only offers a strategy to encapsulate probiotics in a simple yet multifunctional platform but can also be 3D-printed into chewable shapes for the development of personalized, next-generation oral medicine.

Melanin-based duplex Cas9 ribonucleoprotein nanomedicine for synergistic phototherapy and immunotherapy

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has shown significant progress in treating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the standalone effectiveness of ICB is modest, offering patients only slight benefits. In this report, we utilize a hypoxia-responsive duplex genome editing strategy to target tumor cell programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), which is synergized with photothermal therapy (PTT) to amplify the therapeutic effect of TNBC. In our approach, the melanin nanoparticles (MNP) serve as the delivery platform for transporting the CRISPR-CasPTPN2/PD-L1 (Cas-TD) system, which is cross-linked by a hypoxic-sensitive Azo linker and then further modified with tumor homing phenylboronic acid (PBA), resulting in a stimuli-responsive multifunctionality nanotheranostic platform (MPA@Cas-TD@PP). Aided by the guidance of PBA, nanoparticles selectively accumulate at tumor and then disintegrate with enhanced intracellular penetration. Importantly, PTT initiates the immunogenic cell death (ICD), turning the “cold” tumor into a “hot” one, laying the foundation for subsequent ICB. Inhibiting PTPN2 and PD-L1 can synergistically sensitize tumors to immunotherapy, which exhibit magnified immunotherapy effects by increasing activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and enhancing interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-mediated effects. In summary, this multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform provides a promising treatment approach for synergistic phototherapy and immunotherapy in TNBC.

GWPD: a multifunctional platform to unravel biological risk factors in global engineered water systems

Engineered water systems such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are potential reservoirs of various biological risk factors (BRFs), including pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and virulence factors (VFs). Currently, a BRF database relevant to engineered water systems on a global geographic scale is lacking. Here, we present the Global Wastewater Pathogen Database (GWPD, http://gwpd.hitsz.edu.cn), an online database that provides information on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of BRFs from 1302 metagenome samples obtained from 186 cities, 68 countries, and six continents. We sorted these samples into six types: sewer networks, influent, anoxic activated sludge, oxic activated sludge, effluent, and receiving/natural waters. In total, 476 pathogens, 442 ARGs, and 246 VFs were identified. As a multifunctional database, GWPD provides an interactive visualization of these BRFs in a world map, an information retrieval interface, and an online one-click service for BRF annotation from metagenome sequencing data. GWPD is built on a web service framework, which can be readily extended to future versions of GWPD by adding more functional modules and connecting to other data sources, such as epidemic databases, to support risk assessment and control in the context of “One Health.”

The Advancing Role of Nanocomposites in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

The relentless pursuit of effective cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies has led to the rapidly expanding field of nanotechnology, with a specific focus on nanocomposites. Nanocomposites, a combination of nanomaterials with diverse properties, have emerged as versatile tools in oncology, offering multifunctional platforms for targeted delivery, imaging, and therapeutic interventions. Nanocomposites exhibit great potential for early detection and accurate imaging in cancer diagnosis. Integrating various imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and fluorescence imaging, into nanocomposites enables the development of contrast agents with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, functionalizing nanocomposites with targeting ligands ensures selective accumulation in tumor tissues, facilitating precise imaging and diagnostic accuracy. On the therapeutic front, nanocomposites have revolutionized cancer treatment by overcoming traditional challenges associated with drug delivery. The controlled release of therapeutic agents from nanocomposite carriers enhances drug bioavailability, reduces systemic toxicity, and improves overall treatment efficacy. Additionally, the integration of stimuli-responsive components within nanocomposites enables site-specific drug release triggered by the unique microenvironment of the tumor. Despite the remarkable progress in the field, challenges such as biocompatibility, scalability, and long-term safety profiles remain. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments, challenges, and prospects, emphasizing the transformative potential of nanocomposites in revolutionizing the landscape of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. In Conclusion, integrating nanocomposites in cancer diagnosis and treatment heralds a new era for precision medicine.

A multifunctional nanoplatform for dual-readout visual detection and real-time inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus with nanozymes and Au nanorods

Pathogenic bacteria pose a significant burden on global public health. To ensure food safety and prevent the spread of foodborne diseases, the multifunctional technical platforms for rapid detection and inactivation of pathogens are urgently needed. Herein, a new dual-readout detection and bacterial inactivation nanoplatform was constructed based on K10P2W18Fe4(H2O)2O68@polydopamine (P2W18Fe4@PDA) nanozymes and Au nanorods (AuNRs). The target bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was firstly specifically isolated by the Fe3O4-Apt in complex sample matrices. Then, the isolated bacteria (Fe3O4-Apt-S. aureus) were strongly bound by the P2W18Fe4@PDA nanozymes with excellent peroxidase-like activity and highly efficient photothermal conversion. Accordingly, bacteria can be sensitively detected with monochrome signal catalyzed by the nanozyme (3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation) and multicolor signal produced by TMB2+ etching AuNRs. With the assay, as low as 29 CFU/mL S. aureus could be distinguished. Meanwhile, over 99% S. aureus in the magnetic separation can be effectively inactivated by 808 nm Near-infrared (NIR) light within 10 min. Moreover, S. aureus was detected successfully in spiked milk with a recovery rate of 98.64%–109.04% using this method, indicated that the method held significant promise for applications in food analysis and control.

Combination of MHI148 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy and STING Activation Inhibits Tumor Metastasis and Recurrence.

Metastasis and recurrence are notable contributors to mortality associated with breast cancer. Although immunotherapy has shown promise in mitigating these risks after conventional treatments, its effectiveness remains constrained by significant challenges, such as impaired antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) and inadequate T cell infiltration into tumor tissues. To address these limitations, we developed a multifunctional nanoparticle platform, termed GM@P, which consisted of a hydrophobic shell encapsulating the photosensitizer MHI148 and a hydrophilic core containing the STING agonist 2'3'-cGAMP. This design elicited robust type I interferon responses to activate antitumor immunity. The GM@P nanoparticles loaded with MHI148 specifically targeted breast cancer cells. Upon exposure to 808 nm laser irradiation, the MHI148-loaded nanoparticles produced toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eradicate tumor cells through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Notably, PDT stimulated immunogenic cell death (ICD) to foster the potency of antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, the superior photoacoustic imaging (PAI) capabilities of MHI148 enabled the simultaneous visualization of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Collectively, our findings uncovered that the combination of PDT and STING activation facilitated a more conducive immune microenvironment, characterized by enhanced DC maturation, infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and proinflammatory cytokine release. This strategy stimulated local immune responses to augment systemic antitumor effects, offering a promising approach to suppress tumor growth, inhibit metastasis, and prevent recurrence.

Comprehensive sustainable development of a multifunctional machine: 3D food printer and didactic platform

ABSTRACT The development of machines explores the development of a manufacturing system. This perspective offers challenges adjacent to the materials, the product that wants to be manufactured, the technical considerations that must be covered during implementation and the manner of delivering the products to the user. This article addresses the design and development of machines, on the one hand the redesign of a multifunctional platform, and on the other hand a 3D food printer. The second is emphasised, since its main objective is to help the food problems that exist today. The design phases, aspects considered for its implementation such as food safety, the choice of the substrate, the functionality of the food, transportation and the pre- and post-processes required. In this manner, the selection and innovation of materials constitutes a primary source of innovation and research in the integral development of a 3D food printer. The main source of value of these both cases lie in customisation. The experiences of a multidisciplinary research team in the development processes are compiled and the design and creation process are shown, in order to contribute to deal with design and development to tackle fundamental problems of society.

Two-dimensional polydopamine nanosheet-based thermosensitive supramolecular hydrogels for photothermal-chemo synergistic treatment of melanoma

The development of injectable thermosensitive hydrogels with photothermal elimination of tumors and precisely controllable drug release properties is critical for tumor eradication. Herein, a novel injectable thermosensitive supramolecular hydrogel PDAns@CPT-peg/α-CD was developed, which was formed by using two-dimensional polydopamine nanosheets (PDAns) as the photothermal backbone, loaded with the PEGylated camptothecin prodrug (CPT-peg) through π-π stacking and hydrophobic binding, and then crosslinked by the introduction of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) host–guest self-assembly. PDAns as hydrogel skeleton endowed the hydrogel with excellent photothermal conversion effect, and the large specific surface area of PDAns enables efficient loading of hydrophobic anticancer drugs and avoids undesired leakage. Moreover, the dynamic host–guest cross-linking endows the hydrogel with reversible gel-sol transition and injectability, the gel-sol transition temperature can be easily tunable by the CD concentration, under 808 nm laser irradiation, the PDAns@CPT-peg/α-CD hydrogel can be rapidly heated to the temperature required for photothermal therapy, simultaneously triggering the thermosensitive gel-sol transition followed by the on-demand release of CPT-peg. In vivo evaluation demonstrated that the synergistic photothermal-chemotherapeutic effect mediated by PDAns@CPT-peg/α-CD hydrogel almost eradicated melanoma under low-dose NIR laser (0.15 W cm−2) irradiation. This work provides an effective and convenient strategy for constructing a multifunctional hydrogel platform for the photothermal-chemo synergistic treatment of tumors.

Three musketeers of PDA-based MRI contrasting and therapy

Polydopamine (PDA) stands as a versatile material explored in cancer nanomedicine for its unique properties, offering opportunities for multifunctional drug delivery platforms. This study explores the potential of utilizing a one-pot synthesis to concurrently integrate Fe, Gd and Mn ions into porous PDA-based theranostic drug delivery platforms called Ferritis, Gadolinis and Manganis, respectively. Our investigation spans the morphology, magnetic properties, photothermal characteristics and cytotoxicity profiles of those potent nanoformulations. The obtained structures showcase a spherical morphology, robust magnetic response and promising photothermal behaviour. All of the presented nanoparticles (NPs) display pronounced paramagnetism, revealing contrasting potential for MRI imaging. Relaxivity values, a key determinant of contrast efficacy, demonstrated competitive or superior performance compared to established, used contrasting agents. These nanoformulations also exhibited robust photothermal properties under near infra-red irradiation, showcasing their possible application for photothermal therapy of cancer. Our findings provide insights into the potential of metal-doped PDA NPs for cancer theranostics.

Probiotics Armed with In Situ Mineralized Nanocatalysts and Targeted Biocoatings for Multipronged Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

While oral probiotics show promise in treating inflammatory bowel disease, the primary challenge lies in sustaining their activity and retention within the inflamed gastrointestinal environment. In this work, we develop an engineered probiotic platform that is armed with biocatalytic and inflamed colon-targeting nanocoatings for multipronged management of IBD. Notably, we achieve the in situ growth of artificial nanocatalysts on probiotics through a bioinspired mineralization strategy. The resulting ferrihydrite nanostructures anchored on bacteria exhibit robust catalase-like activity across a broad pH range, effectively scavenging ROS to alleviate inflammation. The further envelopment with fucoidan-based shields confers probiotics with additional inflamed colon-targeting functions. Upon oral administration, the engineered probiotics display markedly improved viability and colonization within the inflamed intestine, and they further elicit boosted prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against colitis through the synergistic interplay of nanocatalysis-based immunomodulation and probiotics-mediated microbiota reshaping. The robust and multifunctional probiotic platforms offer great potential for the comprehensive management of gastrointestinal disorders.

Implementasi Metode Prototype pada Pembuatan Web Portal TEFA House of Health Promotion

Health Promotion is a series of activities that strive for individuals to increase their knowledge related to health so that ultimately they can improve the quality of health. In order for the objectives of health promotion activities to be achieved, media is needed to support these activities. TeFa House of Health Promotion Polije is one of the TeFa (Teaching Factories) managed by the Health Promotion study program, Department of Health. TeFa was created as a forum for communication, information and health education, TeFa is also a means for lecturers to contribute to society by providing consultation services related to the development of public health promotion programs. To support this, a multifunctional platform is needed in the form of a webportal which is used to help TeFa. This research focuses on creating a web portal using one of the SDLC methods, namely prototype. The process of creating a web portal begins with extracting information through interviews with potential users. The results of this excavation process are information related to the features of the web portal, including articles, video, audio, pooling and chat. The process of creating a Web Portal is made using the PHP programming language and Laravel Framework. The testing process is carried out using the black box method to determine the functionality of each feature. The test results showed that the web portal was in accordance with the user's required features and each feature was functioning according to its function.