Multifunctional Panel Research Articles

Current Insights into Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Clinical Strategies for Prevention and Treatment.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that is caused by medial nerve compression, resulting in symptoms such as numbness, tightness, or weakness in the hand. The aim of the study was to find out the genetic modulation, mechanism, available treatment, and recommendation for carpal tunnel syndrome at its specific stage. Almost 200 papers were searched for this review article, and 145 articles were selected. The literature was collected from different sources like Google scholar, PubMed, a directory of open-access journals, and science.gov by using keywords, such as treatment, risk factors, recommendation, and clinical features of carpal tunnel syndrome. The most efficient non-surgical treatment is methylprednisolone acetate, which reduces inflammation by acting on the glucocorticoid receptor in conjunction with immunofilling. It has also been used successfully as a second-line drug for the treatment of patients with mild or moderate conditions in order to provide relief. New non-pharmacological options include laser therapy in acupuncture, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), and sham therapy. Modern treatments like TENS, laser therapy, splints, and injections of methylprednisolone acetate have been demonstrated to be helpful in sporadic situations. For patients with mild and moderate problems, more research should be conducted that includes the combination of these surgical and non-surgical treatments. We propose a multifunctional panel construct and define standard data items for future research into carpal tunnel syndrome. A discussion on idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, risk factors, combination of therapies, using guidelines-based recommendations and treatment should be initiated.

Generation and Characterization of a Multi-Functional Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 Research and Treatment.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing threat to global public health. To this end, intense efforts are underway to develop reagents to aid in diagnostics, enhance preventative measures, and provide therapeutics for managing COVID-19. The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants with enhanced transmissibility, altered antigenicity, and significant escape of existing monoclonal antibodies and vaccines underlines the importance of the continued development of such agents. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its receptor binding domain (RBD) are critical to viral attachment and host cell entry and are primary targets for antibodies elicited from both vaccination and natural infection. In this study, mice were immunized with two synthetic peptides (Pep 1 and Pep 2) within the RBD of the original Wuhan SARS-CoV-2, as well as the whole RBD as a recombinant protein (rRBD). Hybridomas were generated, and a panel of three monoclonal antibodies, mAb CU-P1-1 against Pep 1, mAb CU-P2-20 against Pep 2, and mAb CU-28-24 against rRBD, was generated and further characterized. These mAbs were shown by ELISA to be specific for each immunogen/antigen. Monoclonal antibody CU-P1-1 has limited applicability other than in ELISA approaches and basic immunoblotting. Monoclonal antibody CU-P2-20 is shown to be favorable for ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), however, not live virus neutralization. In contrast, mAb CU-28-24 is most effective at live virus neutralization as well as ELISA and IHC. Moreover, mAb CU-28-24 is active against rRBD proteins from Omicron variants BA.2 and BA.4.5 as determined by ELISA, suggesting this mAb may neutralize live virus of these variants. Each of the immunoglobulin genes has been sequenced using Next Generation Sequencing, which allows the expression of respective recombinant proteins, thereby eliminating the need for long-term hybridoma maintenance. The synthetic peptides and hybridomas/mAbs and quantitative antigen-binding data are under the intellectual property management of the Clemson University Research Foundation, and the three CDRs have been submitted as an invention disclosure for further patenting and commercialization.

Vibro-acoustic characteristics of multifunctional carbon fiber reinforced panel

This paper deals with the assessment of vibro-acoustic properties of a multifunctional carbon fiber reinforced panel manufactured by bulk infusion, a modified resin film infusion process. The components of the epoxy resin were chosen to contrast the electrical insulating property and poor flame resistance of the epoxy resins impregnating carbon woven fabric. To confer electrical conductivity to the resin a percentage of 0.5 wt% of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) was dispersed in the resin, whereas to increase flame resistance a percentage of 5 wt% of Glycidil Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (GPOSS) was solubilized in the epoxy mixture. Furthermore, as hardener agents, a mixture of 4,4’-DiaminoDiphenyl Sulfone (DDS) (53.4 wt%) and Bis(3-Aminophenyl) Methyl Phosphine Oxide (BAMPO) (46.7 wt%) was used. The values of the electrical conductivity were found satisfactory enough, being 4.02 × 10−2 S/m for the multifunctional resin and 1.39 × 104 S/m for the in-plane conductivity of the panel, whereas the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) value of the multifunctional resin was found to increase from 27% to 36%. Considering these promising results, an experimental assessment of the vibro-acoustic properties of the manufactured multifunctional panel was also performed. The panel was tested mainly to evaluate its low-frequency vibration damping and sound insulation characteristics. The manufactured panel demonstrated an improved efficiency if compared to a baseline configuration, presenting almost the double modal damping and a gain of 10 dB on the global noise reduction.

Sensorial Multifunctional Panels for Smart Factory Applications

The use of Key Enabling Technologies (KET), in the definition of innovative systems, is a crucial point for smart industries and sustainability. The proposed work combines innovations from different fields, including industrial sustainability on the one hand, and smart electronics on the other. An innovative multifunctional panel is presented, produced with waste resulting from the industrial processing of paper and cardboard; the panel can be used for the control of safety in processing factories and for the monitoring of environmental conditions in the area, as well as the energy improvement of the building envelope. Several sensors are embedded in the panel for monitoring temperature, moisture, and localization by means of an RFID tag. In addition, the panel is battery–free, thus enhancing the installation and realization of the system. The power supply is provided by the tag reader as irradiated power, thus realizing a very low power application. Panels have been already realized and experimental tests have been performed in the laboratory.

Edgewise Compressive Behavior of Composite Structural Insulated Panels with Magnesium Oxide Board Facings.

Edgewise compression response of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings was investigated. The discussed CSIP is a novel multifunctional sandwich panel introduced to the housing industry as a part of the wall, floor, and roof assemblies. The study aims to propose a computational tool for reliable prediction of failure modes of CSIPs subjected to concentric and eccentric axial loads. An advanced numerical model was proposed that includes geometrical and material nonlinearity as well as incorporates the material bimodularity effect to achieve accurate and versatile failure mode prediction capability. Laboratory tests on small-scale CSIP samples of three different slenderness ratios and full-scale panels loaded with three different eccentricity values were carried out, and the test data were compared with numerical results for validation. The finite element (FE) model successfully captured CSIP’s inelastic response in uniaxial compression and when flexural action was introduced by eccentric loads or buckling and predicted all failure modes correctly. The comprehensive validation showed that the proposed approach could be considered a robust and versatile aid in CSIP design.

РАЗРАБОТКА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛИЗИРОВАННОГО СТАНКА ДЛЯ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ ПОТОКА ЖИВОТНЫХ ПО ЗАДАННЫМ ПРИЗНАКАМ

The Federal scientific Agroengineering center VIM has developed technical tools, algorithms and software for the intelligent automatic control system for milking animals “Stimul” on the “Herringbone” milking unit in three versions. The created system does not include automatic selection gates for effective management of zootechnical and veterinary services of animals. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing an intelligent machine for automatic sorting of animals for servicing and managing the herd according to specified characteristics. (Materials and methods) The article presents the development of control and management systems in dairy farming based on the conceptual principles of digital transformation. The digital control system is based on a multifunctional panel controller. The created control unit has a port for connecting to the RS 485 network and provides support for network functions via the Modbus Protocol. The programming of the control unit has been made in the SMLogix tool environment, which supports the FBD function block language. (Results and discussion) The article presents an intelligent machine for automatic sorting of animal flows for servicing and managing the herd according to specified characteristics with the unification of hardware, software modules and interface. The article describes the necessary parameters for the automatic remote animal identification system, the basic component of the control system of an intelligent machine for sorting animals according to specified characteristics. (Conclusions) The machine allows to automatically identify, sort and send animals to the specified areas for individual service.

Development of a multifunctional panel for aerospace use through SLM additive manufacturing

Lattice materials can overcome the need of light and stiff structures in the aerospace industry. The wing leading edge is one of the most critical parts for both on-board subsystem and structure features: it must withstand to the aerodynamic loads and bird-strike, integrating also the anti-ice system functions. Nowadays, this part is made by different components bonded together such as external skin, internal passageways, and feeding tubes. In the present work, a single-piece multifunctional panel made by additive manufacturing will be developed. Optimal design and manufacturing are discussed according to technological constraints, aeronautical performances and sustainability.

Special Issue on “Additive Manufacturing Technologies and Applications”

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a well-known technology, first patented in 1984 by the French scientist Alain Le Mehaute [...]

A Robust Multifunctional Sandwich Panel Design with Trabecular Structures by the Use of Additive Manufacturing Technology for a New De-Icing System

Anti-ice systems assure a vital on-board function in most aircraft: ice prevention or de-icing is mandatory for all aerodynamic surfaces to preserve their performance, and for all the movable surfaces to allow the proper control of the plane. In this work, a novel multi-functional panel concept which integrates anti-icing directly inside the primary structure is presented. In fact, constructing the core of the sandwich with trabecular non-stochastic cells allows the presence of a heat exchanger directly inside the structure with a savings in weight and an improvement in thermal efficiency. This solution can be realized easily in a single-piece component using Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology without the need for joints, gluing, or welding. The objective of this study is to preliminarily investigate the mechanical properties of the core constructed with Selective Laser Melting (SLM); through the Design of Experiment (DOE), different design parameters were varied to understand how they affect the compression behaviour.

The Effectiveness of the Suppression of Low Frequency Acoustic Resonances with Porous Sound Absorbing Structures of Multifunctional Upholstery Materials of Car Body Interior

The article presents the results of researches on the effectiveness of the technical method of suppression of low frequency acoustic resonances occurring in the air volumes of passenger and luggage areas of the car body by increasing the absorption degree of sound wave energy by multifunctional panel and volumetric elements of a car body interior. The research reviews a sliding shutter and integral carpeting of a luggage compartment, rear wheel arch trim, backrest upholstery and car door trim as the modified multi-functional elements of the car body interior. The results of experimental researches show that putting the modified multifunctional car body interior upholstery, characterized by high sound absorbing properties, into the studied prototype of a car allows to reach the effect of reduction the overall sound levels up to 9 dBA on the mode of intensive acceleration movement and sound pressure levels, which are registered at a frequency of the second motor harmonic of the engine 2n / 60 - 16 dB.

The Conceptual Design Changes Triggered by Timber Boards

After the introduction of timber boards as diaphragms in light-frame construction opened the way to modern timber construction, three major design changes would follow: the elements become multifunctional, they can work structurally in two directions, and they can be prefabricated as surface components in a non modular way. In other words, the multifunctional panel becomes the design unit of modern timber architecture. This work looks at various types of composite timber panels with a view to show the evidence of typological and tectonic changes caused by the new design unit.

Structural-acoustic Design of a Multi-functional Sandwich Panel in an Automotive Context

This article deals with the design and weight optimization of a multi-functional vehicle body panel in an automotive context. An existing vehicle design has provided functional design requirements regarding static, dynamic, and acoustic behavior of the components of a car roof. A novel, multifunctional panel is proposed which integrates the component requirements present in a traditional roof system within a single module. The acoustic properties of two configurations of the novel panel are examined using numerical methods including advanced poro-elastic modeling tools compatible with Nastran, and compared with numerical results of a finite element model of the existing construction.

A Magnetohydrodynamic Power Panel for Space Reentry Vehicles

During reentry from space, a layer of high temperature air (>3000K) is formed extending tens of centimeters from the surface of the vehicle, well out into the high speed flow regime. Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) can then be used to generate power by projecting magnetic fields outside the vehicle into the conducting air stream and collecting the resulting current. Here, we analyze a multifunctional MHD panel which generates the requisite magnetic fields, protects the vehicle from high temperatures, and is structurally stiff and strong. The analysis shows that a magnetic system weighing approximately 110kg can generate 0.6MW of power for 1000s.

Behind the ear hearing aid with front plate

The hearing aid has a housing with a housing shell (1), an electronic circuit and an energy storage device. The hearing aid is made up of the housing shell and a matching multifunctional font panel that carries the circuit and has an access opening for the energy storage device. The front panel can be machined from a front panel for an in-the-ear hearing aid or mass-produced.

A shape memory-based multifunctional structural actuator panel

A multifunctional panel concept is presented in which a lightweight, structurally efficient sandwich panel is able to undergo a reversible change in shape upon application of a localized thermal stimulus while supporting significant load. The shape change is effected by shape memory alloy face sheet elements, which exploit a “one-way” shape memory effect only. Unlike other related designs, no external or bias forces are required to complete the full cycle of shape change. The reversible shape change is accomplished by a core design which forces an inactive face sheet to martensitically deform in tension when the opposing face sheet undergoes a length change. By alternately heating one face sheet and then the other, the sandwich panel is able to perform fully reversible cyclic shape changes. The performance of the sandwich panel, in terms of required thermal power, actuation frequency, peak load bearing capacity, stiffness, and weight, can be optimized by proper selection of face sheet material and its thickness, the overall core thickness, core member thickness and length, and the design of the joint connecting core members and face sheet.

Voice-supported Active Touch Panel Using Micro Touch Sensor with PZT Thin Film

Today's automobiles serve not only as vehicles but also as mobile offices combining communication tools such as cellphones and car navigation systems providing online information services. The many switches are conventionally distributed on the dashboard. A move is under way, however, to combine them into a multifunctional touch panel. We propose a voice-supported active touch panel. Since information feedback to the operator is important in ensuring correct function selection, the panel we designed combines a vibrator and voice explanation. Touch sensors use PZT thin film sensors. The voice explanation uses a quick response system. This paper reports the features and configuration of the voice-supported active touch panel.

5723049 Treatment of a formaldehyde-containing waste stream

The article presents the results of researches on the effectiveness of the technical method of suppression of low frequency acoustic resonances occurring in the air volumes of passenger and luggage areas of the car body by increasing the absorption degree of sound wave energy by multifunctional panel and volumetric elements of a car body interior. The research reviews a sliding shutter and integral carpeting of a luggage compartment, rear wheel arch trim, backrest upholstery and car door trim as the modified multi-functional elements of the car body interior. The results of experimental researches show that putting the modified multifunctional car body interior upholstery, characterized by high sound absorbing properties, into the studied prototype of a car allows to reach the effect of reduction the overall sound levels up to 9 dBA on the mode of intensive acceleration movement and sound pressure levels, which are registered at a frequency of the second motor harmonic of the engine 2n / 60 - 16 dB.